Bautechnik最新文献

Design and construction with 3D concrete printing

Digital processes, such as thin-walled concrete 3D printing, have enabled the production of geometrically complex concrete components for some time now. Through the formwork-free production of load- and material-optimised components, the technology can play a decisive role in the development and manufacture of efficient concrete components. However, there is no standardised procedure for dealing with material properties and structural design. Research on printing geometry and construction, as well as reinforcement technology, should lay the groundwork for initial steps towards structural design, ultimately ensuring the production of optimised components. Based on the design of prototype projects, the basic research on construction details and structural mechanics is carried out up to the stage of realisation. The theoretical work is always accompanied by experimental validation. A significant amount of concrete and reinforcing steel can be saved in reinforced concrete ceilings by using innovative, thin-walled formwork elements. Reinforcement and prestressing technology, along with innovations in printing technology, enable the production of filigree façade panels. The research results clearly show, based on practical construction applications, that concrete 3D printing can contribute to reducing material consumption and the environmental impact of components in an economical way.

Lightweight and sustainable construction with concrete – The role of digital design and manufacturing methods at ILEK

This article provides an overview of technologies developed at the Institute for Lightweight Structures and Conceptual Design (ILEK) in the field of lightweight concrete construction. It focuses on two research approaches: mesogradation of concrete components by means of mineral hollow bodies and zero-waste fabrication of geometrically complex concrete structures using recyclable sand formworks. Both processes allow for targeted optimisation of components, thereby reducing weight and enabling the implementation of circular production methods. The integration of digital design and manufacturing processes is crucial to this. Solutions to the challenges of technology transfer into practice are demonstrated using three full-scale (1:1) prototypes. Hereby, the entire process chain, from design and structural analysis to manufacturing and implementation, is considered. The demonstrators show how technology transfer can be successfully implemented and illustrate the potential of digital tools in promoting lightweight and sustainable concrete construction.

Design and construction with 3D concrete printing

Digital processes, such as thin-walled concrete 3D printing, have enabled the production of geometrically complex concrete components for some time now. Through the formwork-free production of load- and material-optimised components, the technology can play a decisive role in the development and manufacture of efficient concrete components. However, there is no standardised procedure for dealing with material properties and structural design. Research on printing geometry and construction, as well as reinforcement technology, should lay the groundwork for initial steps towards structural design, ultimately ensuring the production of optimised components. Based on the design of prototype projects, the basic research on construction details and structural mechanics is carried out up to the stage of realisation. The theoretical work is always accompanied by experimental validation. A significant amount of concrete and reinforcing steel can be saved in reinforced concrete ceilings by using innovative, thin-walled formwork elements. Reinforcement and prestressing technology, along with innovations in printing technology, enable the production of filigree façade panels. The research results clearly show, based on practical construction applications, that concrete 3D printing can contribute to reducing material consumption and the environmental impact of components in an economical way.

Digital building fabrication – The path towards the unity of material, process and form – A personal reflection from research and practice

This paper reflects, from a personal perspective, on the technological development of digital building fabrication, focusing on the interaction of material, process, and form. Their unity has always been the foundation of building and must be continuously redefined by technological progress. While in earlier eras the unity of material, process and form was characterised by handicraft techniques, digital building fabrication defines the next crucial technological step: digitally controlled and continuously networked – from planning to fabrication. The free-form architectures of the 2000s mark the beginning of digital building fabrication. They were driven by architectural form, and for the first time, integrated digital workflows were developed for their realisation. However, it is only the further research and developments of recent years, particularly in additive manufacturing, which demonstrate the transformative potential of digital building fabrication for the construction industry. And it is the key to bringing the cultural principle in building of the unity of material, process and form into the digital age. At the same time, digital building fabrication opens the door to Construction Industry 5.0, in which people, machines and materials are digitally networked. Finally, only through the unity of material, process and form can economic, ecological and social requirements be reconciled in the future.