Bacteriological Reviews最新文献_第10页

Robert Koch and two visions of microbiology. 罗伯特·科赫和微生物学的两个愿景。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-06-01 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.40.2.276-283.1976

M. Penn, M. Dworkin

INTRODUCTION ................ ................................ 276 WAKSMAN ON THE TWO VISIONS ......................................... 277 PLEOMORPHISM: KOCH VERSUS WINOGRADSKY .......... ............... 278 PROCESS AND ESSENCE IN MICROBIOLOGY ............ ................. 279 CONCLUSIONS ............... ................................. 281 LITERATURE CITED .............. ............................. 282

介绍 ................ ................................276 WAKSMAN两个愿景 .........................................277多型现象:科赫和WINOGRADSKY .......... ...............278年微生物学过程和本质 ............ .................279年的结论 ............... .................................281年文献引用 .............. .............................282

引用次数: 20

Immunocompetent cells in resistance to bacterial infections. 免疫活性细胞抵抗细菌感染。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-06-01 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.40.2.284-313.1976

P. Campbell

INTRODUCTION .................................... 284 Nonspecific Resistance to Infection .......................................... 284 Specific Resistance to Infection .............................................. 285 CELLS INVOLVED IN HUMORAL ANTIBODY PRODUCTION ............. 285 CELLS INVOLVED IN CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY ................. 287 HUMORAL ANTIBODIES IN RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL INFECTION ... 289 Agglutinins ................................................................. 289 Opsonins .................................................................. 289 Precipitins .................................................................. 290 Bacteriolysins .............................................................. 290 Other Antibacterial Antibodies .............................................. 290 CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE MECHANISMS IN RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL INFECTION .............................................................. 291 Migration Inhibition Factor ................................................. 291 Macrophage Chemotactic Factor ............................................. 291 Chemotactic Factor for Leukocytes .......................................... 292 Blastogenic Factor for Lymphocytes ......................................... 292 Transfer Factor ............................................................. 292 BACTERIAL ADJUVANTS ............................... 292 Lipopolysaccharide .......................................................... 292 BordeteUa pertussis .................. ....................................... 293 Mycobacteria and Mycobacterial Components ............... ........... 294 Corynebacterium parvum and Nocardia ....................................... 294 Listeria monocytogenes .................... ........................ 294 Other Bacterial Adjuvants ............................................ 294 ROLE OF MACROPHAGES ............................................ 294 Stimulation of Macrophages by Other Cells and Factors ........ ............... 295 Stimulation of Macrophages by Antibodies ................. .................. 295 Stimulation of Macrophages by Bacteria ..................................... 295 Stimulation of Macrophages by Chemicals ................... ................. 295 Effects of Macrophages and Macrophage Products on Other Cells ..... ......... 296 Macrophage Mediators .................................................... 296 ROLE OF THYMUS-DERIVED CELLS (T CELLS) ........... ................ 296 Stimulation of T Lymphocytes by Antigens ........... ........................ 297 Stimulation of T Lymphocytes by Mitogens ........... ........................ 297 Specificity of Resistance to Bacterial Infections ......... ..................... 297 ROLE OF BONE MARROW-DERIVED CELLS ............. .................. 298 B Cells in Humoral Antibody Production ............. ........................ 298 Bone Marrow-Derived Cells in Cell-Mediated Immunity ....... ................ 298 S

介绍 ....................................284非特异性抗感染病例 ..........................................284年具体抵抗感染 ..............................................285个细胞参与体液抗体的产生.............285个细胞参与细胞介导免疫.................287种体液抗体抗细菌感染…289年凝集素 .................................................................289年噬菌素 ..................................................................289年沉淀素 ..................................................................290年溶菌 ..............................................................290年其他抗菌抗体 ..............................................290年抗细菌感染细胞介导的免疫机制 ..............................................................291年迁移抑制因子 .................................................291年巨噬细胞趋化因子 .............................................291年白细胞的趋化现象的因素 ..........................................淋巴细胞的292 Blastogenic因素 .........................................292年转移因子 .............................................................292个细菌佐剂 ...............................292年脂多糖 ..........................................................292年BordeteUa百日咳 .................. .......................................293年分枝杆菌和分枝杆菌组件 ............... ...........294棒状杆菌以及孢子和诺卡氏菌属 .......................................294年单核细胞增多性李斯特氏菌 .................... ........................294个细菌佐剂 ............................................294年巨噬细胞的作用 ............................................294其他细胞和因子对巨噬细胞的刺激........ ...............295年刺激巨噬细胞的抗体 ................. ..................295年刺激巨噬细胞的细菌 .....................................295年刺激巨噬细胞的化学物质 ................... .................295巨噬细胞和巨噬细胞产物对其他细胞的影响..... .........296年巨噬细胞介质 ....................................................296年THYMUS-DERIVED细胞(T细胞的作用 ) ........... ................296刺激T淋巴细胞抗原 ........... ........................297年刺激T淋巴细胞的有丝分裂原 ........... ........................297特异性的抗细菌感染 ......... .....................297年骨骨髓来源的细胞的作用 ............. ..................298 B细胞体液抗体生产 ............. ........................298年骨骨髓来源的细胞在细胞介导的免疫反应 ....... ................298年总结 ........................ ............................300年巨噬细胞 ...........................................................300 T淋巴细胞 ............................................................300 B细胞 ...........................................................300年文献引用 ....................................................300

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引用次数: 46

The Hemolysins of Staphylococcus aureus. 金黄色葡萄球菌的溶血素。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-06-01

[This corrects the article on p. 321 in vol. 39.].

[这是对第39卷第321页的文章的更正]。

引用次数: 0

Head length control in T4 bacteriophage morphogenesis: effect of canavanine on assembly. T4噬菌体形态发生的头长控制:芥麻碱对组装的影响。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-06-01 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.40.2.314-359.1976

D. Cummings, R. Bolin

引用次数: 15

Biology of the chemoheterotrophic spirilla. 趋化异养螺旋藻生物学。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-03-01 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.40.1.55-115.1976

N. Krieg

引用次数: 69

Biology of the chemoheterotrophic spirilla. 趋化异养螺旋藻生物学。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-03-01 DOI: 10.1128/br.40.1.55-115.1976

N R Krieg

INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 56 DIVISION OF THE SPIRILLUM .................. ........................... 57 THE REDEFINED GENUS SPIRILLUM ........... ........................... 58 GENUS AQUASPIRILLUM .................................................... 58 Typical Characteristics ...................................................... 59 Exceptions to Typical Characteristics ............. ........................... 59 Other Characteristics ....................................................... 59 OTHER ORGANISMS POSSIBLY RELATED TO AQUASPIRILLUM ..... ...... 63 Pathogenic Spirilla ........................................................ 63 Nitrogen-Fixing Spirilla ............................. ........-I..............66 Spirilla in Insects ....................... ............................... 67 Bdellovibrio-Like Spirilla ........................ 68 Phototrophic Spirilla ....................... 69 Oxidative Vibrios ....................... 69 GENUS OCEANOSPIRILLUM ...................... 69 Typical Characteristics ....................... 70 Other Characteristics ....................... 71 OTHER SPIRILLUM-LIKE ORGANISMS .............. ....................... 71 Sporeforming Spirilla ................................................. 71 Gastric Spirilla.........72 Gastriri .. ... .......... .... .......... ............... 7 ECOLOGY OF SPIRILLA ................................................. 72 Habitat and Numbers in Nature .............................................. 72 Ecological Studies of Spirilla by Steady-State Cultivation ....... .............. 74 ISOLATION OF SPIRILLA ................................................. 75 CULTIVATION AND NUTRITION OF SPIRILLA ......... .................... 76 Complex Media..................................................... 76 Defined Media .................................................... 77 Defined Medium for A. gracile ............................................... 78 RESPIRATION OF SPIRILLA ................................................ 78 Cytochromes of Spirilla ................................................. 79 Nitrate Reduction ................................................. 80 Catalase Activity ................. ................................ 80 Microaerophilism of Spirillum volutans .................. .................... 81 SUGAR CATABOLISM AND TRANSPORT BY SPIRILLA ....... .............. 83 MOTILITY AND FLAGELLA OF SPIRILLA ........... ....................... 84 Number, Configuration, and Behavior of Flagella ......... .................... 84 Coordination and Uncoordination in S. volutans ......... ..................... 86 Practical Applications of Flagellar Uncoordination ........ ................... 88 Source of Energy for Motility of Spirilla .............. ....................... 89 Structure and Chemistry of Flagella and Related Organelles ...... ............. 89 TACTIC RESPONSES OF SPIRILLA .................... ....................

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引用次数: 1

Meiosis in protists. Some structural and physiological aspects of meiosis in algae, fungi, and protozoa. 原生生物的减数分裂。藻类、真菌和原生动物减数分裂的一些结构和生理方面。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-03-01 DOI: 10.1128/br.40.1.190-240.1976

P Heywood, P T Magee

The relationship of premeiotic to mitotic DNA synthesis The relationship of DNA replication to recombination Miscellaneous effects on recombination of cytoplasmically inherited determinants during

引用次数: 2

Uniform nomenclature for bacterial plasmids: a proposal. 细菌质粒统一命名法:一项建议。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-03-01 DOI: 10.1128/br.40.1.168-189.1976

R P Novick, R C Clowes, S N Cohen, R Curtiss, N Datta, S Falkow

Department ofPlasmid Biology, The Public Health Research Institute of the City ofNew York, Inc., New York, New York 10016*; Division ofBiology, University ofTexas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080; Department ofMedicine, Stanford University School ofMedicine, Stanford, California 94305; Department of Microbiology, University ofAlabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294; Department of Bacteriology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 OHS, England; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

引用次数: 596

Biochemical genetics of Neurospora crassa conidial germination. 粗神经孢子孢子萌发的生化遗传学研究。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-03-01 DOI: 10.1128/br.40.1.1-41.1976

J C Schmit, S Brody

INTRODUCTION ....................... ..................................... 2 THE THREE PHASES OF THE ASEXUAL LIFE CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA ............................................................... 2 Conidial Germination ...................... ................................. 2 Vegetative Growth.......................................................... 2 Conidiation ................3................................................3 CONIDIA ARE DORMANT SPORES ................... ...................... 4 COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CONIDIA AND MYCELIA ........................................................... 5 Ultrastructure ........................................................... 5 Cell Wall ........................................................... 5 Lipids ........................................................... 6 Protein ........................................................... 6 Nucleic Acids ........................................................... 6 DNA and Chromatin .................................................... 6 RNA ................................................................ 7 Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds ................... ....................... 7 Exocellular Enzymes .................................................... 8 CONIDIAL GERMINATION .................................................. 9 BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES THAT OCCUR DURING CONIDIAL GERMINATION 11 Metabolic Intermediates .................................................... 12 Endogenous Amino Acid Pools ............................................. 12 Pyridine Nucleotides .................................................... 13 Glutathione Thiol-Disulfide Status ................. ........................ 13 Macromolecules ..................................................... ........ 13 Protein Synthesis and Polysome Assembly ........... ....................... 13 RNA Synthesis ..................................................... 14 DNA Synthesis and Nuclear Division .............. ......................... 15 Cell Wall Polymers ..................................................... 15 Specific Activity of Enzymes ................................................ 16 Molecular Transport .................................................... 19 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation ........ .................. 20 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CONIDIAL GERMINATION ....... ................. 20 Methods for Characterization of Mutants ............. ........................ 21 Spot Test, Microscopy Observation of Germ Tube Formation ...... .......... 21 Colony Formation, Plating Efficiency .............. ........................ 21 Growth of Individual Conidia in Liquid Media ......... ..................... 21 Germination in Shake Cultures............................................ 21 Selection of Mutants .................................................... 22 Heterocaryon Analysis .................................................... 22

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引用次数: 12

Biochemical genetics of Neurospora crassa conidial germination. 粗神经孢子孢子萌发的生化遗传学研究。

Bacteriological Reviews

Pub Date : 1976-03-01 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.40.1.1-41.1976

J. Schmit, S. Brody

INTRODUCTION ....................... ..................................... 2 THE THREE PHASES OF THE ASEXUAL LIFE CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA ............................................................... 2 Conidial Germination ...................... ................................. 2 Vegetative Growth.......................................................... 2 Conidiation ................3................................................3 CONIDIA ARE DORMANT SPORES ................... ...................... 4 COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CONIDIA AND MYCELIA ........................................................... 5 Ultrastructure ........................................................... 5 Cell Wall ........................................................... 5 Lipids ........................................................... 6 Protein ........................................................... 6 Nucleic Acids ........................................................... 6 DNA and Chromatin .................................................... 6 RNA ................................................................ 7 Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds ................... ....................... 7 Exocellular Enzymes .................................................... 8 CONIDIAL GERMINATION .................................................. 9 BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES THAT OCCUR DURING CONIDIAL GERMINATION 11 Metabolic Intermediates .................................................... 12 Endogenous Amino Acid Pools ............................................. 12 Pyridine Nucleotides .................................................... 13 Glutathione Thiol-Disulfide Status ................. ........................ 13 Macromolecules ..................................................... ........ 13 Protein Synthesis and Polysome Assembly ........... ....................... 13 RNA Synthesis ..................................................... 14 DNA Synthesis and Nuclear Division .............. ......................... 15 Cell Wall Polymers ..................................................... 15 Specific Activity of Enzymes ................................................ 16 Molecular Transport .................................................... 19 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation ........ .................. 20 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CONIDIAL GERMINATION ....... ................. 20 Methods for Characterization of Mutants ............. ........................ 21 Spot Test, Microscopy Observation of Germ Tube Formation ...... .......... 21 Colony Formation, Plating Efficiency .............. ........................ 21 Growth of Individual Conidia in Liquid Media ......... ..................... 21 Germination in Shake Cultures............................................ 21 Selection of Mutants .................................................... 22 Heterocaryon Analysis .................................................... 22

INTRODUCTION ....................... .....................................两个《黯PHASES ASEXUAL LIFE》一书CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA ...............................................................两个Conidial Germination ...................... .................................两个Vegetative”模式 ..........................................................两个Conidiation ................ 3 ................................................ 3CONIDIA matter DORMANT SPORES ................... ......................四COMPARISON STRUCTURE》一书,AND COMPOSITION CONIDIA, AND MYCELIA译本史》(英语) ...........................................................五Ultrastructure ...........................................................五濒临绝种华尔街 ...........................................................五Lipids ...........................................................六种蛋白质 ...........................................................六核酸 ...........................................................六DNA, and Chromatin ....................................................RNA 6 ................................................................七Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds ................... .......................七Exocellular Enzymes ....................................................八CONIDIAL GERMINATION ..................................................9 BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES趟OCCUR DURING CONIDIAL GERMINATION 11 Metabolic Intermediates ....................................................12 Endogenous氨基酸Pools .............................................12 Pyridine Nucleotides ....................................................13 Glutathione Thiol-Disulfide这里 ................. ........................13 Macromolecules ..................................................... ........13蛋白质Synthesis, and Polysome汇编语言 ........... .......................RNA 13 Synthesis .....................................................14 DNA Synthesis, and Nuclear“组织” .............. .........................15濒临绝种华尔街Polymers .....................................................15比Activity of Enzymes ................................................16这本教科书Transport ....................................................19电子Transport, and Oxidative Phosphorylation ........ ..................20《ANALYSIS OF CONIDIAL GERMINATION ....... .................美国小妞20 Methods Characterization Mutants译本史》(英语) ............. ........................细菌管形成的斑点试验、显微观察……21 Colony Formation, Plating Efficiency .............. ........................21”模式of Individual Conidia打印Liquid媒体实验室 ......... .....................21 Germination打印手Cultures ............................................21 Selection of Mutants ....................................................22 Heterocaryon Analysis ....................................................Mutations 22趟Affect Germination .................... .......................23 Phase-Specific Mutations ....................................................24 Conclusions

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引用次数: 138