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The design and implementation of folded adaptive lattice filter structures in FPGA for ECG signals 心电信号折叠自适应点阵滤波器的FPGA设计与实现
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2205725
Kalamani C., Kamatchi S., Sasikala S., Murali L.
An adaptive filter is the utmost essential filter castoff in statistical signal dealing. The fine-tuning of the filter factor in relation to the response signal is the adaptive filter's key feature due to fewer calculations, Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filters are widely used to remove noise from Electrocardiograms (ECG). The adaptive filters are realized as signal processing algorithms in Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) or in VLSI Signal Processors (VSPs). The technique provides a way to create a folded adaptive lattice LMS filter, which requires less hardware than an adaptive lattice filter. Folding is an algorithm that uses a time scheduling technique that combines arithmetic operations into one operation which reduces Register and silicon chip areas. The design and implementation of a folded lattice adaptive filter remove Power Line Interference (PLI) noise from ECG signals. The MATLAB Xilinx System Generator tool is used to design the Adaptive Lattice LMS Filter and Folded Adaptive Lattice LMS Filter with Folding Order K = 2 and K = 4 and realized in the Virtex 5 FPGA KIT. The results of the folded architecture show that the area is reduced for K = 2 and K = 4 by 82.60% and 91.05%, respectively compared with a normal adaptive lattice filter.
自适应滤波器是统计信号处理中最重要的滤波技术。由于计算量少,滤波因子相对于响应信号的微调是自适应滤波器的关键特征,最小均方(LMS)自适应滤波器被广泛用于去除心电图(ECG)中的噪声。自适应滤波器在数字信号处理器(dsp)或VLSI信号处理器(VSPs)中作为信号处理算法实现。该技术提供了一种创建折叠自适应晶格LMS滤波器的方法,它比自适应晶格滤波器需要更少的硬件。折叠是一种算法,它使用一种时间调度技术,将算术运算合并到一个操作中,从而减少寄存器和硅芯片的面积。折叠点阵自适应滤波器的设计与实现消除了心电信号中的电力线干扰噪声。利用MATLAB Xilinx System Generator工具设计了折叠阶数K = 2和K = 4的自适应晶格LMS滤波器和折叠自适应晶格LMS滤波器,并在Virtex 5 FPGA KIT中实现。折叠结构的结果表明,当K = 2和K = 4时,与普通自适应晶格滤波器相比,其面积分别减少了82.60%和91.05%。
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引用次数: 0
Towards semi-supervised ensemble clustering using a new membership similarity measure 一种新的隶属度相似性测度在半监督集成聚类中的应用
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2217601
WenJu Sun, Ting Li, Musa Mojarad
Hierarchical clustering is a common type of clustering in which the dataset is hierarchically divided and represented by a dendrogram. Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) is a common type of hierarchical clustering in which clusters are created bottom-up. In addition, semi-supervised clustering is a new method in the field of machine learning, where supervised and unsupervised learning are combined. Clustering performance is effectively improved by semi-supervised learning, as it uses a small amount of labelled data to aid unsupervised learning. Meanwhile, ensemble clustering by combining the results of several individual clustering methods can achieve better performance compared to each of the individual methods. Considering AHC with semi-supervised learning for ensemble clustering configuration has received less attention in the past literature. In order to achieve better clustering results, we propose a semi-supervised ensemble clustering framework developed based on AHC-based methods. Here, we develop a flexible weighting mechanism along with a new membership similarity measure that can establish compatibility between semi-supervised clustering methods. We evaluated the proposed method with several equivalent methods based on a wide variety of UCI datasets. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method from different aspects such as NMI, ARI and accuracy.
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引用次数: 2
Proactive flow control using adaptive beam forming for smart intra-layer data communication in wireless network on chip 基于自适应波束形成的芯片无线网络层内智能数据通信主动流量控制
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2213927
Dinesh Kumar T.R., K. A.
Systems-on-chips need numerous predesigned cores to advance. NoC enables Multi-Core SoCs (MC_SoCs). Conventional NoC cores use power and latency on multi-hop wired connections. An effective Wireless Network-on-Chip (WiNoC) architecture can overcome NoC difficulties. On-chip antennas, transceivers, and routers replace multi-hop cable connections with high-bandwidth single-hop wireless networks using WiNoC. Nanotechnology development demands fast data transfer to overcome performance bottlenecks from sharing memory modules and connecting fabrics. This research offers a new Proactive Flow control using Adaptive Beam formation for Smart Intra-layer Data Communication technique(PF_SDC) to optimally use network resources and assure QoS in Wireless Network-on-Chip for next-generation nano-domain technology. Hybrid NoC architecture optimises application admission for data transfer over wired and wireless interconnects. Data traffic is managed by a fuzzy inference-based Intelligent Head Agent (IHA). Queue load predicts router status for the fittest path selection. IHA initiates beams at angles to admit data flow towards the target while utilising the least amount of network power and resources. A simulation model shows that the proposed system may be applied in real-world applications and consumes little power with good throughput.
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引用次数: 1
Secure cloud data storage solution with better data accessibility and time efficiency 安全的云数据存储解决方案,具有更好的数据可访问性和时间效率
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2213564
K. Roslin Dayana, P. Shobha rani
The environment of cloud computing provides several advantages and a variety of data storage models, which entirely frees users from the vexing processes of storage equipment upgradation and data administration. Nevertheless, the customers’ primary worry is the safety of their data, and the literature offers a number of different security-based solutions for addressing this issue. This paper proposes a technique for time-efficient cloud data storage that makes use of keccak and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) which enhances the data availability with a reasonable storage space. Third party agents are not employed, due to the fact that a third party cannot be relied upon to maintain a high level of data security. Thus, the proposed algorithm is applied by cloud users before the process of outsourcing is carried out. This method is resistant to data tamper and analytical attacks. In addition, the execution of the work that has been proposed requires a limited amount of time, which, in turn, minimizes the amount of energy that is required. In contrast to the already used algorithms, the presented work demonstrates superior performance in terms of its overall effectiveness.
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引用次数: 1
Stratifying transformer defects through modelling and simulation of thermal decomposition of insulating mineral oil 通过绝缘矿物油热分解建模和模拟将变压器缺陷分层
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2197821
A. Manjula, S. S, Mustafa Musa Jaber, Hamad Mohamad A.A, S. Sahu, Rajesh P. Verma, Prashant Vats
The current work aims to propose an adequate thermodynamic model, in addition to proposing and evaluating two composite models for the thermal decomposition of insulating mineral oil (IMO), considering that the models based on classical diagnostic methods do not have the ability to satisfactorily reproduce empirical data. The simulation results obtained using the proposed model showed better agreement with the presented data than the results obtained using classical models. The proposed model was also used in the development of a phenomenological based diagnostic method. The characteristics of this new phenomenological proposal and the classical diagnostic methods of dissolved gas analysis are compared and discussed; the proposed method showed better performance when compared to Rogers, Doernenburg, or IEC and equivalent performance to Duval triangle method commonly used in this field of knowledge. The general procedure for applying the new diagnostic method is also described. In order to account for the event's dynamics, the suggested model in particular made it feasible to replicate intermediate scenes of equilibrium C(s). Compared to the findings from the classical models found in the literature, the two-dimensional simulation results generated with this model demonstrated a better agreement with the actual data.
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引用次数: 1
Time-conserving deduplicated data retrieval framework for the cloud computing environment 用于云计算环境的节省时间、消除重复的数据检索框架
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2211439
P. Swathika, J. Sekar
Cloud computing technology is quite inevitable in today’s smart world. The excessive utilization of data mandates updated storage space, which is highly expensive and cloud storage is the best solution to it. As charges are levied for the utilized space, data redundancy must be avoided for the effective exploitation of cloud space. Data deduplication is a technique, which removes redundant data and conserves storage, bandwidth and charges. However, data retrieval upon deduplicated data is not well explored in the existing literature. This work attempts to present an effective retrieval framework for deduplicated data in a cloud environment by presenting two protocols namely Data Outsourcing Protocol (DOP) and Data Retrieval Protocol (DRP). The retrieval performance of the proposed approach is tested and compared with the existing approaches in terms of standard performance measures. The work performance of the proposed Deduplicated Data Retrieval (DDR) framework performs better in terms of retrieval precision, recall and time conservation rates. The average precision and recall rates attained by the proposed work are 97.9% and 95.75% respectively.
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引用次数: 0
Performance analysis of alternating minimization based low complexity detection for MIMO communication system MIMO通信系统中基于交替最小化的低复杂度检测性能分析
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2209416
K. M, Manikanda Rajagopal, Teresa V. V., P. Krishnan
Several antennas are used for sending and receiving in large MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) devices and assist in enhanced performances of wireless communication systems. One important component of Large MIMO systems is that MIMO detectors are placed at receiver ends, whose functions are to regain symbols broadcasts from multiple antennas. In this paper, novelAMLCD (Alternating Minimizationbased Low Complexity Detections) method is proposed in which AMs (Alternating Minimizations) are applied in initial stages to detect signals. Soft value generation is used for the second stage to estimate the signals. Finally, the more optimal estimated signal value will be chosen by applying the MPSOs (Modified Particle Swarm Optimizations). The system's functions are evaluated using CPMs (Continuous Phase Modulations) and channel’s AWGNs (Additive White Gaussian Noises). According to the results obtained, the suggested AMLCD method with modulations of CPMs outperform known methods using QAMs (Quadrature Amplitude Modulations) under multiple antennas in terms of BERs (Bit Error Rates). The AMLCD method also reduces the time complexity and computational complexity compared to the existing methods.
{"title":"Performance analysis of alternating minimization based low complexity detection for MIMO communication system","authors":"K. M, Manikanda Rajagopal, Teresa V. V., P. Krishnan","doi":"10.1080/00051144.2023.2209416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00051144.2023.2209416","url":null,"abstract":"Several antennas are used for sending and receiving in large MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) devices and assist in enhanced performances of wireless communication systems. One important component of Large MIMO systems is that MIMO detectors are placed at receiver ends, whose functions are to regain symbols broadcasts from multiple antennas. In this paper, novelAMLCD (Alternating Minimizationbased Low Complexity Detections) method is proposed in which AMs (Alternating Minimizations) are applied in initial stages to detect signals. Soft value generation is used for the second stage to estimate the signals. Finally, the more optimal estimated signal value will be chosen by applying the MPSOs (Modified Particle Swarm Optimizations). The system's functions are evaluated using CPMs (Continuous Phase Modulations) and channel’s AWGNs (Additive White Gaussian Noises). According to the results obtained, the suggested AMLCD method with modulations of CPMs outperform known methods using QAMs (Quadrature Amplitude Modulations) under multiple antennas in terms of BERs (Bit Error Rates). The AMLCD method also reduces the time complexity and computational complexity compared to the existing methods.","PeriodicalId":55412,"journal":{"name":"Automatika","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41933947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new approach based on current controlled hybrid power compensator for power quality improvement using time series neural network 基于时间序列神经网络的电流控制混合功率补偿器改善电能质量的新方法
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2203560
R. D, P. Thirumoorthi, Premalatha K
In this paper, a current controlled-hybrid power compensator (CC-HPC) is presented to reduce the effect of input current harmonics on battery chargers. Passive filters have significant power loss and degrade system frequency due to excessive harmonic attenuation. The proposed system integrates the Higher Order Sliding Mode Controller (HOSMC) with a generalized form of p–q power theory and a Time Series – Artificial Neural Network (TS-ANN) is used to produce compensating reference current for a three-phase system and generates DC link inductor current. Switching pulses to Current Controlled-Active Power Compensator (CC-APC) switches are generated using a reference compensated signal. The development of CC-HPC and its control approach helps to reduce the overall harmonic distortion of the supply current used in battery chargers are the main contributions of the proposed system. HOSMC is a robust and adaptable controller that tracks reference current without causing chattering is the significant advantage of the proposed method. The control algorithm is designed in MATLAB/SIMULINK software for various load conditions and the experimental setup has been developed for rectified fed RC load using TS-ANN. The filtering process of CC-HPC can maintain the harmonic distortion of supply current within the IEEE 519-2014 standard.
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引用次数: 0
An energy-efficient and reliable data gathering infrastructure using the internet of things and smart grids 使用物联网和智能电网的节能可靠的数据收集基础设施
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2023.2205724
T. Vinothkumar, S. S. Sivaraju, Anuradha Thangavelu, S. Srithar
Introduction: The Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Grids (SGs) growth results from the advancement of computer hardware and ubiquitous computation for energy-efficient and reliable data gathering. Background: The limitations of the present cloud computing framework in energy systems remain unresolved, such as fully recognizing the requisites of high data usage with low latency which is discussed for a cloud computing scheme in IoT-based smart power stations. Problem Statement: IoT growth results from the advancement of computer hardware and ubiquitous computation. Among the various IoT solutions, SGs stand out because they combine several embedded smart techniques to increase the security and dependability of electricity grids. Methodology: A Particle Swarm Optimization based energy efficient integration of Smart Grid (PSO-SG) is designed using IoT. Modern technology establishes a novel hardware and software architecture and integrates cloud services into the cloud-based electricity network. Findings: As a result, a sizable amount of data produced by the electricity network will be examined, handled, and saved at the network. IoT-based power systems will enable the interconnection and administration of large endpoint devices, offer real-time evaluation and treatment of vast data, and promote the modernization of the power grid with the help of the cloud computing model.
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引用次数: 0
A simple robust mechanism of PV-supported dynamic voltage restorer using interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller 基于区间2型模糊控制器的pv动态电压恢复器的简单鲁棒机制
IF 1.9 4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/00051144.2022.2140390
A. P., Kamaraja A. S., K. K. Kumar, S. G.
Power electronic devices and variable speed drives solve a power quality issue. To increase the power quality, the distribution side must be compensated by concurrently infusing actual and reactive power. A cost-effective method of preventing voltage sag and swell in power electronic loads is the use of a dynamic voltage restorer. To enhance the power quality for end users, a DC-link component will be combined with the DVR. Ratings for DC-Link elements and inverters are more challenging when constructing a DVR. To simplify things, the Distributed Energy Source (DES) is combined with the DC-Link and the Inverter. The PV-integrated DVR is under the supervision of the Interval type-2 Fuzzy Logic Controller using Synchronous Reference Frame Theory. Reactive power is injected and absorbed under defective situations using a variety of injection techniques with various controllers. The suggested controller enhances power quality and provides exact results under different fault scenarios. Matlab is used to compare the proposed IT2-FLC to a type-1 fuzzy-adjusted PI controller and a traditional mathematical PI controller. The results of the simulations showed that the suggested methodology provided a better outcome on the Distribution side. To validate the simulation results, a scaled-down rating prototype model is created.
电力电子设备和变速驱动器解决了电力质量问题。为了提高电能质量,必须通过同时注入实际功率和无功功率来补偿配电侧。使用动态电压恢复器是防止电力电子负载中电压骤降和浪涌的一种经济有效的方法。为了提高最终用户的电能质量,直流链路组件将与DVR相结合。在构建DVR时,DC链路元件和逆变器的额定值更具挑战性。为了简化,分布式能源(DES)与直流链路和逆变器相结合。光伏集成DVR在区间2型模糊逻辑控制器的监督下使用同步参考框架理论。在有缺陷的情况下,使用具有各种控制器的各种注入技术注入和吸收无功功率。所提出的控制器提高了电能质量,并在不同的故障场景下提供了准确的结果。使用Matlab将所提出的IT2-FLC与1型模糊调节PI控制器和传统的数学PI控制器进行了比较。模拟结果表明,所建议的方法在分配方面提供了更好的结果。为了验证仿真结果,创建了一个按比例缩小的评级原型模型。
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引用次数: 0
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Automatika
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