Ronald Jeremy Antonio, Harold Glenn Valera, Ashok K. Mishra, Valerien O. Pede, Takashi Yamano, Bernardo Oliva Vieira
This study examines the monthly regional dynamic relationship between rice price inflation and its key drivers in the Philippines using a panel vector auto-regression model over the period January 1994–March 2023. We find evidence that the effect of a world rice price shock is generally larger and more persistent than the effects of other factors. We also find that movements in rice price inflation are explained by domestic fuel price shocks and, to a lesser extent, by world urea price shocks. The impulse response functions driven by those three shocks vary over the sample, especially before a change in food policy such as the imposition of the rice tariffication in 2019. Further analysis suggests that El Niño Southern Oscillation shocks tend to induce an inflationary effect on rice prices in high-poverty and rice-sufficient regions. Our results have important food policy implications for rice markets and offer timely insights into the desirability of current proposals to help lower and stabilise rice prices for consumers and improve existing support for farmers to boost rice production.
{"title":"Rice Price Inflation Dynamics in the Philippines","authors":"Ronald Jeremy Antonio, Harold Glenn Valera, Ashok K. Mishra, Valerien O. Pede, Takashi Yamano, Bernardo Oliva Vieira","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the monthly regional dynamic relationship between rice price inflation and its key drivers in the Philippines using a panel vector auto-regression model over the period January 1994–March 2023. We find evidence that the effect of a world rice price shock is generally larger and more persistent than the effects of other factors. We also find that movements in rice price inflation are explained by domestic fuel price shocks and, to a lesser extent, by world urea price shocks. The impulse response functions driven by those three shocks vary over the sample, especially before a change in food policy such as the imposition of the rice tariffication in 2019. Further analysis suggests that El Niño Southern Oscillation shocks tend to induce an inflationary effect on rice prices in high-poverty and rice-sufficient regions. Our results have important food policy implications for rice markets and offer timely insights into the desirability of current proposals to help lower and stabilise rice prices for consumers and improve existing support for farmers to boost rice production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"69 2","pages":"440-452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zambia runs an agricultural input support program for 900,000 rural households, primarily targeting maize, the staple crop. A new delivery mode was introduced to the program, initially allowing farmers in 16 of the 115 districts to choose inputs using electronic vouchers, with the aim of encouraging crop diversification, amongst other objectives. Despite the potential benefits of this reform from a theoretical perspective, farmers may not always be able to diversify their crops due to existing barriers. In this paper, we examine how the electronic voucher reform impacted crop diversification and rotation practices at the household level during the pilot phase. The paper combines data from surveys conducted over two waves with 1518 rural households, high-resolution satellite rainfall data and in-depth qualitative interviews with 23 key informants. We find evidence that the reform had a positive impact (an increase of 0.231 points on the Simpson index of diversification) on crop diversification. However, there is no significant direct impact on crop rotation. We nevertheless observed that crop rotation can gain impetus only if farmers fully embrace crop diversification. Results from the qualitative interviews suggest that the limited effectiveness of electronic vouchers could be due to inadequacies in private sector input and output markets, as well as cultural preferences. Several important policy implications arise from these findings, including the need to promote markets for alternative crops and enhance extension services.
{"title":"Zambia's Agricultural Input Support Programme: Estimating the Impact of the Voucher Delivery System on Crop Diversification","authors":"Obrian Ndhlovu, Edwin Muchapondwa","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zambia runs an agricultural input support program for 900,000 rural households, primarily targeting maize, the staple crop. A new delivery mode was introduced to the program, initially allowing farmers in 16 of the 115 districts to choose inputs using electronic vouchers, with the aim of encouraging crop diversification, amongst other objectives. Despite the potential benefits of this reform from a theoretical perspective, farmers may not always be able to diversify their crops due to existing barriers. In this paper, we examine how the electronic voucher reform impacted crop diversification and rotation practices at the household level during the pilot phase. The paper combines data from surveys conducted over two waves with 1518 rural households, high-resolution satellite rainfall data and in-depth qualitative interviews with 23 key informants. We find evidence that the reform had a positive impact (an increase of 0.231 points on the Simpson index of diversification) on crop diversification. However, there is no significant direct impact on crop rotation. We nevertheless observed that crop rotation can gain impetus only if farmers fully embrace crop diversification. Results from the qualitative interviews suggest that the limited effectiveness of electronic vouchers could be due to inadequacies in private sector input and output markets, as well as cultural preferences. Several important policy implications arise from these findings, including the need to promote markets for alternative crops and enhance extension services.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"69 2","pages":"405-421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the indirect economic impacts of large-scale mining activities on household expenditure patterns using the difference-in-differences framework and the Mongolia Household Socio-Economic Survey data from 2008 to 2016. It is found that mining activities increased household expenditures on food and electricity. Expenditures on health also increased in the resource-producing region, while there was no increase in the level of illness. Although households reduced their expenditures on education, their educational attainment increased more than the control group. The findings highlight that the positive impacts of the mining sector are likely to be higher than that indicated by its direct linkages, as well as traditional welfare measurements, such as household aggregate income and consumption.
{"title":"Large-Scale Mining and Local Impacts: Evidence From Mongolia","authors":"Odmaa Narantungalag","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.12614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the indirect economic impacts of large-scale mining activities on household expenditure patterns using the difference-in-differences framework and the Mongolia Household Socio-Economic Survey data from 2008 to 2016. It is found that mining activities increased household expenditures on food and electricity. Expenditures on health also increased in the resource-producing region, while there was no increase in the level of illness. Although households reduced their expenditures on education, their educational attainment increased more than the control group. The findings highlight that the positive impacts of the mining sector are likely to be higher than that indicated by its direct linkages, as well as traditional welfare measurements, such as household aggregate income and consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"69 2","pages":"265-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.12614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental information disclosure (EID) policies have been used in many jurisdictions, yet the impact on the environment and economic performance of enterprises remains a question. This study examines China's mandatory EID policy implemented in 2014 as an example of the potential relationship between environmental policy and enterprise performance. We applied a difference-in-differences (DID) and propensity score matching (PSM) sampling method to examine the issue, using a panel dataset of nearly 90 sugar enterprises in Guangxi in China from 2008 to 2016. Earnings before income and tax and pollution emissions are considered as proxies of economic and environmental performance, respectively. The results show that the 2014 MEID policy has a significantly positive effect on pollution reduction and a significantly adverse effect on economy. These effects vary with corporation size and ownership. Production shrinkage appears to be the main reason for pollution reduction in Guangxi's sugar industry rather than technological innovation in the pollution treatment process. Furthermore, we discuss the study's limitations and policy implications.
{"title":"Can Environmental Regulation Result in Environmental and Economic Improvements? Evidence From the Sugar Industry Under China's Mandatory Environmental Information Disclosure Policy","authors":"Jingfang Ge, Wiktor L. Adamowicz, Wei Si","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Environmental information disclosure (EID) policies have been used in many jurisdictions, yet the impact on the environment and economic performance of enterprises remains a question. This study examines China's mandatory EID policy implemented in 2014 as an example of the potential relationship between environmental policy and enterprise performance. We applied a difference-in-differences (DID) and propensity score matching (PSM) sampling method to examine the issue, using a panel dataset of nearly 90 sugar enterprises in Guangxi in China from 2008 to 2016. Earnings before income and tax and pollution emissions are considered as proxies of economic and environmental performance, respectively. The results show that the 2014 MEID policy has a significantly positive effect on pollution reduction and a significantly adverse effect on economy. These effects vary with corporation size and ownership. Production shrinkage appears to be the main reason for pollution reduction in Guangxi's sugar industry rather than technological innovation in the pollution treatment process. Furthermore, we discuss the study's limitations and policy implications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"69 2","pages":"298-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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