Fibers and Polymers最新文献

The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of different infill pattern structures on the deformation behavior and crashworthiness performance of 3D-printed tubes under quasi-static lateral compression loading. Subsequently, polylactic-acid (PLA) was utilized in the 3D printing process to create the proposed tubes. Five distinct infill pattern structures were fabricated: circular, square, triangular, zig-zag, and cross patterns, each designed with a consistent infill density of 50%. Following that, quasi-static lateral compression loading was applied to the printed structure. The failure histories were tracked, and the crashing load and energy absorbed versus displacement responses were provided for the tested tubes. Several indications were measured to conduct the crashworthiness examination, i.e., the initial peak load (({F}_{text{ip}})), total absorbed energy (AE), and specific energy absorption (SEA). Furthermore, the complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) method, was employed to identify the optimal infill pattern for maximizing crashworthiness performance. The analysis showed that the zig-zag infill pattern with 2.13 kN, 62.52 J, and 2.90 J/g, respectively, for ({F}_{text{ip}}), AE, and SEA, showed the maximum performance in energy absorption among the investigated patterns, according to the COPRAS analysis.

Supercapacitors (SCs), as emerging electrochemical energy storage devices, have garnered widespread attention due to their rapid charge–discharge characteristics and high power density. With the growing demand for electronic devices and the diversification of applications in daily life scenarios, SCs with outstanding flexibility, mechanical and electrochemical performance are becoming increasingly important. In this study, an in situ reduction method was employed, utilizing inkjet printing technology to deposit reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto the prepared aramid nanofibrous (ANFs)/PVDF/PVA composite film for the fabrication of solid-state SCs. The optimized ANFs/PVDF/PVA composite film exhibited a tensile strength and Young's modulus of 185 N and 760 MPa, respectively. Even in a bent state, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves remained essentially unchanged. At a current density of 0.1 A/g, the specific capacitance and energy density reached 120.9 F/g and 10.8 Wh/kg, respectively, while at a current density of 0.5 A/g, the power density reached 3201 W/kg. After 5000 charge–discharge cycles, the efficiency maintained above 90%. Such exceptional electrochemical and mechanical performance provides more options for the manufacturing of next-generation portable and wearable electronic devices.

Conventional silane treatment can increase the hydrophobicity of natural cellulosic fibers. This report employs a combination of alkali and dipodal silane treatments. Bridged bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine (BAS), a dipodal silane, was used instead of regular ones to enhance the hydrophobicity of ramie plain-woven fabrics. Before silane application, alkali treatment conditions’ impact on mechanical properties was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The desirability function approach and graphical optimization techniques were employed to find out the optimum condition. The RSM demonstrated that a concentration of 6.11% alkali, a duration of 30 min, and a temperature of 39.10 °C yielded the optimal conditions, resulting in a breaking force of 518.27 N and an elongation of 23.36%. After optimization of parameter, alkali treatment of the fabric was carried out. These alkali-treated fabrics were then bulk-treated with BAS. The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array experimental design was applied to identify a variable that has the highest impact on the hydrophobicity. Furthermore, BAS’s impact on water contact angle (WCA), surface morphology, and thermal properties was investigated. Alkali-treated ramie fabrics absorb water due to hemicellulose and lignin removal. However, BAS treatment resulted in a hydrophobic ramie fabric surface, as the combined alkali and BAS-treated fabrics exhibit a WCA greater than 94°, reaching 113.85°. According to thermo-gravimetric analysis, combined alkali and silane treatment improved the degradation temperature of fabrics to 403.25 °C. This improvement is attributed to the formation of six, rather than three, Si–O bonds on the ramie fabric surface.

Based on the green and environmentally friendly production process of lyocell fiber, an innovative lyocell fiber was prepared by online-adding seaweed micron particles using a new dispersion procedure. Considering the fiber diameter range of 10–15 μm. To improve the incorporation rate of seaweed powders, the particle size distribution and compatibility of seaweed powders in NMMO were first studied. On comparing the powder size distribution of seaweed particle in different disperse liquid, it was found that seaweed powders are partially soluble in NMMO and weaken the inherent alkaline environment, while the remaining powders swell more significantly with increasing NMMO concentration. Following this protocol, an integrated dispersion process was successfully developed with high seaweed loading in low-concentration NMMO solution. The resultant functionalized seaweed modified lyocell fibers (abbreviated as “SL Fiber”) demonstrated effective loading of seaweed particles, comparable mechanical properties, improved heat resistance and antibacterial properties. Thus, the fibers meet the major requirements for hometextiles, packaging materials, filtration, and other fields. The antibacterial rates of fibers against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans all reached the requirements, inhibiting harmful bacteria growth and preventing mold and odor. To demonstrate the multi-functionality in textile applications, the novel SL fibers were scale produced on production line. The article demonstrated a facile and scalable approach from fiber preparation and yarn spinning to textile weaving applications. These novel materials are natural, recyclable and renewable, which is more in line with the development strategy of green manufacturing and the green cycle of the industrial chain.

The key objective of this study is to fabricate an unconventional composite structure with outstanding impact performance, low weight, low cost, and better wear resistance. Utilizing a hand lay-up procedure, epoxy composites reinforced with glass fibers (G) and polycarbonate (PC) sheets were fabricated. Neat glass (NG) and three distinct hybrid PC composites were produced by altering the position of the PC sheets. The flat and edgewise impact, in-plane shear strength, and wear behavior of hybrid composites were studied to assess their performance and compatibility for various industrial applications. Morphological investigations of the fractured surfaces were conducted with a digital microscope. The results showed that hybrid PC specimens enhanced flat and edge-wise impact performance by an average of 100.9%. Impact strength values are significantly affected by the arrangement pattern. The presence of PC in the outer and core composite laminates improved shear strength by 15.09% and 14.85%, respectively. The hybrid composites produced smooth and free-of-damage worn surfaces, resulting in a significant reduction in the specific wear rate of 40.4%.

This research reports the results of a work intended to increase the attributes regarding moisture management of acrylic–cotton-blended single jersey fabrics. In a single-step exhaust method, the blended fabric is treated with 60% calcium chloride-based desiccant at 60 °C for 1 h. The multidirectional liquid transport behavior of treated fabric through properties such as time for wetting, rate of absorbing moisture, maximum radius of wetted area, speed of spreading the test liquid, moisture transport index, and total moisture management capacity is analyzed. The experimental results exhibit improvement in the moisture management property of the treated fabrics from 0 to 0.75. The wettability of the fabric is also enhanced as the water contact angle has reduced from 108.37° to 66.45° after the treatment. Treated samples transport the test liquid across the fabric much more quickly than untreated samples due to fabric–desiccant interaction through a strong hydrogen bond. This is characterized by an FTIR peak at 2341 cm⁻¹ which gets reduced after treatment. The impact of desiccant treatment on physical properties such as color strength, fabric thickness and weight was also analyzed. The desiccant treatment shows durability up to five wash cycles equivalent to 25 home laundering cycles, dictating a great prospect of applying this method in the moisture management of cotton–acrylic-blended textiles. Moreover, the presence of randomly deposited desiccant particles on the blended fabric surface confirmed by SEM is achieved in a single step, emphasizing the versatility of this method.

Graphical Abstract

Activated carbon (Ac) prepared from Thapsia transtagana was combined with a different ratio of aniline to synthesize Ac/PAni composites. Various characterization techniques, such as XRD, FESEM-EDX, TEM, and ATR-FTIR, were conducted to confirm the structure, surface morphology, and chemical characteristics of the composites. The materials were tested for eriochrome black T (EBT) adsorption. Batch results exposed that the Ac/PAni6 with the highest ratio of aniline displays the highest EBT removal efficiency. The kinetics of EBT adsorption over the Ac/PAni6 composite followed the Elovich model, and the equilibrium data suited the Redlich–Peterson and Toth isotherm models. The adsorption was spontaneous, feasible, and endothermic. The statistical physics equations have also been investigated. Four models have been proposed as one layer and two layers with one and two energies. The adsorption of EBT on the Ac/PAni6 composite correlated to the one layer two energies model. The statistical physical parameters, including the number of adsorbed molecules per site (({n}_{1}), ({n}_{2})), the receptor sites density (({N}_{1M}), ({N}_{2M})), the adsorption capacity at saturation (({Q}_{1}), ({Q}_{2})), and the energy of adsorption (({E}_{1}), ({E}_{2})) have all been considered. The total capacity at saturation is enhanced with temperature, which approves the endothermic nature of the process. The interpretation of the calculated energies ({E}_{1}) and ({E}_{2}) (< 40 kJ/mol) suggested that the EBT interaction with the Ac/PAni6 surface was mainly a physisorption process.

Waste cotton fibers are an ideal raw material for extracting nanocellulose crystals (CNCs), benefitting from  their high cellulose content. In this study, the waste cotton fibers from the calendering finishing process were used to extract CNCs by sulfuric acid, TEMPO oxidation, and phosphoric acid methods, aiming to create a new way to reutilize the waste cotton fiber and also to verify the practicability that the phosphoric acid method can replace sulfuric acid and TEMPO oxidation methods. The CNCs obtained from the three methods are all in cellulose I state with an average length of 200-500nm and diameter of 15-20nm, indicating that the waste cotton fiber can extract CNCs. However, the CNCs from the phosphoric acid method showed the highest thermostability but the lowest crystallinity, while the ones from the sulfuric acid and TEMPO oxidation methods had higher crystallinity but lower thermal stability. Overall, the three methods are all acceptable for preparing CNCs, but the phosphoric acid method has more significant potential due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and safety.

Graphical abstract

In weight-sensitive applications, the widespread use of honeycomb composites underscores the significance of enhancing their specific strength and energy absorption capacity. In this pursuit, various hybrid honeycomb structures have been developed, with a particular focus on their cell wall buckling behaviour. This study involved testing six different specimen types, incorporating intralayer hybridization with materials namely, Kevlar, Glass, Dyneema, Sisal, Hemp, and Jute. The incorporation of the intralayer hybrid technique examined various aspects of honeycomb structures, leading to improvements in mechanical performance. In addition, the effects of specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency on the compressive and flexural strength were investigated. Among all the samples, the honeycomb core with a height of 15 mm demonstrated the highest compressive strength and specific energy absorption values. This enhancement is attributed to the synergistic effects of intralayer hybridization, emphasizing the potential for utilizing natural alternatives such as sisal, hemp, and jute, which may offer pronounced advantages in impact stress propagation within hybrid composites.

Graphical Abstract

The optimization of geotextile mechanical properties is crucial for enhancing their performance in civil engineering applications such as soil reinforcement and stabilization. This study focuses on the influence of manufacturing parameters on the static puncture (CBR) properties of polyester geotextiles. Polyester geotextile samples were manufactured using various parameters, including needle-punching density, penetration depth, calendering temperature, and speed. The mechanical properties of the samples, specifically strength and elongation, were evaluated using the CBR test according to EN ISO 12236. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance, followed by statistical analysis to determine the influence of the manufacturing parameters on the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the relationship between these parameters and the mechanical properties was modeled using artificial neural networks (ANN) and regression analysis. The results indicated that all manufacturing parameters significantly impacted the strength and elongation of the geotextiles. The ANN models, employing two hidden layers, predicted the strength and elongation with errors of 1.43% and 1.26%, respectively.