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De jure but not de facto: pluricentric Portuguese in post-colonial Cabo Verde 法律上而非事实上:后殖民时期佛得角的多中心葡萄牙人
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2021-0006
Nicola Bermingham, R. DePalma, Luzia Oca
Abstract In Cabo Verde, Portuguese is the official language, while Kriolu is the first language of virtually all the population. The schooling context clearly reflects this diglossic situation: while the vast majority of children speak Kriolu at home, Portuguese continues to be the exclusive language of instruction. Thus, Portuguese in Cabo Verde represents a post-colonial language that has maintained its de jure status but has not entered de facto domains of use. The research described in this article is based on discourse analysis of legislative and policy documents and extended semi-structured interviews with politicians, educators and language activists. Our results in this former colonial context invite us to reconsider traditional understandings of pluricentricity, as they suggest that Cabo Verdean Portuguese is not (yet) associated with local identity and has not (yet) been accepted by its speakers as a legitimate, standardised variety.
在佛得角,葡萄牙语是官方语言,而克里奥卢语是几乎所有人口的第一语言。学校环境清楚地反映了这种情况:虽然绝大多数孩子在家里说Kriolu语,但葡萄牙语仍然是唯一的教学语言。因此,佛得角的葡萄牙语代表了一种后殖民语言,它在法律上保持了地位,但没有进入事实上的使用领域。本文所描述的研究是基于对立法和政策文件的话语分析,以及对政治家、教育家和语言活动家的半结构化访谈。我们在这个前殖民背景下的研究结果让我们重新考虑对多中心性的传统理解,因为它们表明佛得角葡萄牙语(尚未)与当地身份联系在一起,也尚未(尚未)被其使用者接受为合法的、标准化的语言。
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引用次数: 1
Roth, Kersten Sven/Wengeler, Martin/Ziem, Alexander (eds.) (2017): Handbuch Sprache in Politik und Gesellschaft (Handbücher Sprachwissen 19). Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. 611 S.
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2021-0016
H. Steinhauer
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引用次数: 0
Reflections on linguistic pluricentricity 关于语言多中心性的思考
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2021-0003
P. Auer
Abstract This article argues that the notion of pluricentricity fails to capture the multitude of sociolinguistic contexts in which a language may have two or more standards, which is due to the fact that it was invented with a particular context in mind (that of emerging nation-states). The notion also suffers from a reliance on an undefined and unclear (perhaps metaphorical) notion of a centre (and a periphery). A more neutral term such as multi-standard language therefore appears more useful. It is also argued that pluriareality is not a notion that can fruitfully replace pluricentricity, as the two presuppose different approaches to standardisation: one usage-based, the other normative. This is demonstrated with reference to the on-going discussion of the Austrian variety of German.
本文认为,多中心性的概念未能捕捉到众多的社会语言学语境,在这些语境中,一种语言可能有两个或更多的标准,这是由于它是在特定的语境(新兴民族国家的语境)下被发明的。这个概念还依赖于一个未定义和不明确的(可能是隐喻的)中心(和外围)概念。因此,一个更中性的术语,如多标准语言,似乎更有用。还有人认为,多元现实并不能有效地取代多中心性,因为这两种概念预设了不同的标准化方法:一种是基于使用的,另一种是规范的。这可以从正在进行的关于奥地利德语变体的讨论中得到证明。
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引用次数: 0
Estudi comparatiu del marcatge diferencial d’objecte en situacions de contacte lingüístic (català-espanyol i basc-espanyol) 语言接触情境中宾语差异标记的比较研究(加泰罗尼亚语-西班牙语和巴斯克语-西班牙语)
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2436/20.2504.01.177
Anna Pineda i Cirera, Ane Odria Tudanca
Aquest treball presenta una descripcio comparativa del marcatge diferencial d’objecte (MDO) —aixo es, l’us d’una preposicio o marca concreta per introduir determinats objectes directes—, en basc, en catala i en espanyol, i ho fa centrant-se en la situacio de contacte de les dues primeres llengues (on el fenomen s’exclou de l’estandard) amb la darrera (on el fenomen es plenament normatiu). En primer lloc oferim un panorama del tractament sociolinguistic del MDO tant en catala com en basc, ates que en ambdos casos el fenomen ha estat tradicionalment imputat a la influencia espanyola, i, en consequencia, ha estat estigmatitzat des del punt de vista sociolinguistic i prohibit per part de les gramatiques prescriptives. A continuacio, emprenem una caracteritzacio del fenomen en les tres llengues estudiades, prenent en consideracio les manifestacions morfosintactiques del MDO, aixi com els factors que el desencadenen. Aquesta caracteritzacio ens permet evidenciar que, tant en la situacio de contacte catala-espanyol com basc-espanyol, hi ha punts de convergencia pero tambe de divergencia pel que fa al MDO.
这项工作对巴斯克语、加泰罗尼亚语和西班牙语中的差异宾语标记(MDO)进行了比较描述,即使用特定的介词或标记来引入某些直接宾语,它关注的是前两种语言(现象被排除在标准之外)与后者(现象完全规范)的接触情况。首先,我们对加泰罗尼亚语和巴斯克语中MDO的社会语言学处理提出了看法,直到在这两种情况下,这种现象传统上都被归因于西班牙流感,因此,从社会语言学的角度来看,这种现象被污名化,并被规定语法所禁止。然后,我们对所研究的三种语言中的这种现象进行了表征,考虑到MDO的形态句法表现,以及引发它的因素。这一特征使我们能够证明,在加泰罗尼亚-西班牙和巴斯克-西班牙的接触情况下,MDO既有趋同点,也有分歧。
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引用次数: 0
“English is the best way to communicate” - South African Indian students’ blind spot towards the relevance of Zulu “英语是最好的交流方式”——南非印度学生对祖鲁语相关性的盲点
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2020-0010
S. Jeewa, Stephanie Rudwick
Abstract The South African University of KwaZulu-Natal has developed an ambitious language policy aiming “to achieve for isiZulu the institutional and academic status of English” (UKZN LP 2006/2014). Part of this ambition is a mandatory Zulu language module that all undergraduate students have to pass if they cannot prove knowledge of the language. In this article, we examine attitudes of South African Indian students towards this compulsory module against the strained history and relationship between Zulu and Indian people in the province. Situated within the approach of Language Management Theory (LMT), our focus is on students as micro level actors who are affected by a macro level policy decision. Methodologically combining quantitative and qualitative tools, we attempt to find answers to the following broad question: What attitudes do South African Indian students have towards Zulu more generally and the UKZN module more specifically? The empirical findings show that students’ motivations to learn Zulu are more instrumental than integrative as the primary goal is to ‘pass’ the module. South African Indian students have developed a blind spot for the prevalence and significance of Zulu in the country which impacts negatively on the general attitudes towards the language more general and the module more specifically. Language ideologies that elevate the status of English in the country further hamper the success of Zulu language learning.
南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学制定了一项雄心勃勃的语言政策,旨在“为isiZulu实现英语的机构和学术地位”(UKZN LP 2006/2014)。这一雄心的一部分是强制性的祖鲁语模块,所有本科生必须通过,如果他们不能证明语言的知识。在本文中,我们考察了南非印度学生对这一必修模块的态度,以反对该省祖鲁人和印度人之间紧张的历史和关系。位于语言管理理论(LMT)的方法,我们的重点是学生作为微观层面的演员谁是受宏观层面的政策决定的影响。在方法上结合定量和定性工具,我们试图找到以下广泛问题的答案:南非印度学生对祖鲁语和UKZN模块的普遍态度是什么?实证研究结果表明,学生学习祖鲁语的动机更多是工具性的,而不是综合性的,因为主要目标是“通过”该模块。南非印度学生对祖鲁语在该国的流行和重要性形成了盲点,这对人们对这门语言的普遍态度和对该模块的具体态度产生了负面影响。提高英语在该国地位的语言意识形态进一步阻碍了祖鲁语学习的成功。
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引用次数: 1
Soziolinguistische Bibliographie europäischer Länder für 2018Sociolinguistic Bibliography of European Countries for 2018Bibliographie sociolinguistique des pays européens pour 2018 Soziolinguistische Bibliographie欧洲国家为2018Sociolinguistic Bibliography of欧洲与for 2018Bibliographie sociolinguistique的pays europé肠神经为2018年
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2020-0019
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引用次数: 0
Oakes, Leigh/Peled, Yael (2018): Normative Language Policy: Ethics, Politics, Principles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 190 p. Oakes, Leigh/Peled, Yael(2018):规范语言政策:伦理,政治,原则。剑桥:剑桥大学出版社,190页。
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2020-0016
Sergi Morales-Gálvez
Published at the beginning of 2018, Normative Language Policy addresses the ethics, politics and principles of language policy and planning by using the very complex case of Quebec, the predominantly French-speaking province of Canada, as a highlighting case study. In their book, Leigh Oakes (professor of French and Linguistics at Queen Mary University of London) and Yael Peled (postdoctoral research fellow in Language and Health at the Institute for Health and Social Policy and the Faculty of Law at McGill University) analyse the ethics of language intervention in three different domains of Quebec’s language policy and planning: status planning, acquisition planning and corpus planning. They present ‘normative language policy’ as a new, integrated theoretical framework “that bridges the empirical literature on language policy and planning that has emanated especially from the fields of sociolinguistics and applied linguistics with the emerging normative work on language in political philosophy and political theory” (p. 2). With their interdisciplinary framework, they endorse Joseph Carens’ ‘justice as evenhandedness’ and his context-sensitive ethical approach. In contrast to John Rawls’ (1999) abstract methodological approach, Carens argues for a conception of justice that is “derived from the assumption that to treat people fairly we must regard them concretely, with as much knowledge as we can obtain about who they are and what they care about. This approach to justice requires immersion rather than abstraction” (Carens 2000: 8). The book’s main hypothesis is that there are good reasons, compatible with liberal and democratic thought, to justify state intervention in language policy and planning. In particular, the authors use Quebec as a case study in order to illustrate and discuss the different empirical and, especially, ethical and political challenges that political institutions face when interfering in the domain of language. The book consists of six chapters. In the introduction, Oakes and Peled explain their aims, provide arguments for choosing Quebec as a case study, discuss (changes in) the perception of normativity in language matters and their new interdisciplinary framework. The authors pursue three interrelated goals. First of all, they want to bridge descriptivist (or empirical) and normative approaches to Quebec’s politics of language in a new methodological framework called normative language policy. Secondly, they seek to ‘rehabilitate’ the notion of normativity in sociolinguistics and to show how this rehabilitation could benefit research on language policy and planning, moving beyond the simplistic critique of structures of power in language usually assumed by sociolinguists. The general idea here is to provide better ethical tools for those engaging in language policy research. Thirdly, they want to explore Quebec’s politics of language through the lens of normative language policy so as to provide “a more nuanced and syst
《规范语言政策》于2018年初出版,以加拿大以法语为主的魁北克省为例,重点研究了语言政策和规划的伦理、政治和原则。在他们的书中,Leigh Oakes(伦敦玛丽女王大学法语和语言学教授)和Yael Peled(麦吉尔大学健康与社会政策研究所和法学院语言与健康博士后研究员)分析了魁北克语言政策和规划的三个不同领域的语言干预伦理:地位规划、获取规划和语料库规划。他们将“规范语言政策”作为一种新的、综合的理论框架提出,“将特别是来自社会语言学和应用语言学领域的关于语言政策和规划的实证文献与政治哲学和政治理论中新兴的语言规范工作联系起来”(第2页)。通过他们的跨学科框架,他们支持约瑟夫·卡伦斯的“公正即公平”及其上下文敏感的伦理方法。与约翰·罗尔斯(John Rawls, 1999)的抽象方法论不同,卡伦斯主张的正义概念“源于这样一种假设,即为了公平地对待人们,我们必须具体地对待他们,尽可能多地了解他们是谁以及他们关心什么。”这种公正的方法需要沉浸而不是抽象”(Carens 2000: 8)。这本书的主要假设是,有很好的理由,与自由和民主思想兼容,证明国家干预语言政策和规划是合理的。特别是,作者使用魁北克作为案例研究,以说明和讨论政治机构在干预语言领域时面临的不同经验,特别是道德和政治挑战。这本书由六章组成。在引言中,奥克斯和佩莱德解释了他们的目的,为选择魁北克作为案例研究提供了论据,讨论了语言问题中规范性观念的变化以及他们新的跨学科框架。作者追求三个相互关联的目标。首先,他们希望在一个叫做规范语言政策的新方法论框架中,将描述主义(或经验主义)和规范方法与魁北克的语言政治联系起来。其次,他们试图“恢复”社会语言学中的规范性概念,并展示这种恢复如何有利于语言政策和规划的研究,超越社会语言学家通常假设的对语言权力结构的简单批评。这里的总体想法是为从事语言政策研究的人提供更好的道德工具。第三,他们希望通过规范的语言政策来探索魁北克的语言政治,以便提供“对其面临的挑战和已提出的解决方案更细致和系统的理解”(第17页)。
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引用次数: 1
Three decades of sociolinguistic bibliographies: a wealth of data waiting to be thoroughly explored 三十年的社会语言学参考书目:大量的数据等待被彻底探索
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2020-0018
J. Darquennes
In the preface to the first volume of Sociolinguistica, the yearbook’s founding editors (Ulrich Ammon, Klaus Mattheier and Peter Nelde) expressed their hope that the yearbook would positively “contribute to a better coordination of the many facets of European sociolinguistic research”. Networks of sociolinguists working in different countries already existed back in 1987, but they were perceived by the editors as “generally poorly developed or limited to only a few countries”. Scanning the bibliographies of publications available to them, the editors also noticed that sociolinguists considered “often only research in one’s own country or in a country with an easily accessible language” and that “definitive studies [in the French version of the preface they use the adjective ‘fondamental’, jd] published elsewhere remain[ed] unknown”. They saw it as the main task of the yearbook to “avoid ... isolation, to create contacts and to contribute to cross-fertilization within sociolinguistics throughout Europe as a whole” (Ammon/Mattheier/Nelde 1987: IX). In retrospect, the question deserves to be asked if the 34 volumes of the yearbook have really helped to create a denser European sociolinguistic community. Providing a straightforward answer to this question is far from easy. In fact, it would require a careful analysis of the kind of biand multilateral network ties that the yearbook (as well as yearbook-related activities) as such helped to create over the past 34 years. It would also require a careful analysis of the way in which the web of authors that contributed to Sociolinguistica overlaps with the exchange and the interactive networks that were part of the first-order ego networks of the original editors or still are part of the first-order ego networks of their successors (i. e. Sue Wright who succeeded Klaus Mattheier in 2008, Jeroen Darquennes who succeeded Peter Nelde in 2008 and Leigh Oakes who succeeded Sue Wright in 2018). A detailed analysis of the above-mentioned networks clearly goes beyond the scope of this contribution. With many of the scholars who published in the yearbook still alive, it might nonetheless be worthwhile pursuing such an analysis in itself or as part of a wider project on the development of applied linguistics on the European continent (cf. Darquennes [2013: 20] for a brief outline of such a project). A historical sociological account of the way in which sociolinguistic networks developed in Europe would help the research community to gain a more complete understanding of the field and of the way in which personal ties sometimes tend to have an influence on the circulation and the promotion of research topics and ideas.
在《社会语言学》第一卷的序言中,年鉴的创始编辑(Ulrich Ammon、Klaus Mattheier和Peter Nelde)表达了他们的希望,希望年鉴能够积极地“为欧洲社会语言学研究的许多方面更好地协调做出贡献”。早在1987年,在不同国家工作的社会语言学家网络就已经存在,但编辑们认为它们“普遍不发达,或者仅限于少数国家”。在浏览了可供他们查阅的出版物的参考书目后,编辑们还注意到,社会语言学家认为“通常只在自己的国家或一个语言易于理解的国家进行研究”,而“在法语版序言中,他们使用了形容词‘基础的’,而在其他地方发表的权威研究仍然是未知的”。他们认为年鉴的主要任务是“避免……(Ammon/Mattheier/Nelde 1987: IX)回想起来,值得问的问题是,34卷年鉴是否真的有助于建立一个更密集的欧洲社会语言学社区。为这个问题提供一个直接的答案远非易事。事实上,这需要仔细分析年鉴(以及与年鉴有关的活动)在过去34年中帮助建立的双边和多边网络联系。也需要仔细分析的方式的网络作者导致Sociolinguistica重叠交换和互动网络,是原文的一阶自我网络编辑或仍在一阶自我网络的一部分他们的继任者(即苏赖特在2008年接替克劳斯matthey珀斯Darquennes接替彼得Nelde 2008年和利奥克斯接替苏赖特在2018年)。对上述网络的详细分析显然超出了本文的范围。由于许多在年鉴中发表文章的学者仍然在世,尽管如此,追求这样的分析本身或作为欧洲大陆应用语言学发展的更广泛项目的一部分可能是值得的(参见Darquennes[2013: 20]对该项目的简要概述)。对欧洲社会语言学网络发展方式的历史社会学描述将有助于研究界更全面地了解该领域,以及个人关系有时倾向于影响研究主题和思想的流通和推广的方式。
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引用次数: 2
The university as a terrain for hidden language conflicts? German, English and the silence beyond them 大学是隐藏语言冲突的温床?德语,英语和他们之外的寂静
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2020-0009
Monika Dannerer
Abstract In this paper, language policy (LP) at the University of Salzburg (Austria), a mid-size seemingly monolingual university, serves as an example to analyse (potential) language conflicts at the institutional level considering the roles played by German, English and ‘immigrant’ languages at the university. Language management, beliefs, and (reported) language use by different stakeholders in higher education (administrators, academic and administrative staff and students) are contrasted, also taking into consideration different linguistic backgrounds (German as L1, German as L2 and German as a foreign language). This offers an overall perspective on institutional LP that is still group sensitive, one that reveals two different hidden language conflicts: the non-addressed conflict between the two most important and visible languages at the university by far, German and English, as well as the neglected and negated conflict between German and the hidden “immigrant” languages. A consistent ‘internationalisation at home’ strategy would address these hidden conflicts and show backwash effects on ideas of language use in education as well as in society in general.
在本文中,语言政策(LP)在萨尔茨堡大学(奥地利),一个中等规模的看似单语的大学,作为一个例子来分析(潜在的)语言冲突在机构层面考虑的角色,德语,英语和“移民”语言在大学。对比了高等教育中不同利益相关者(管理者、学术和行政人员以及学生)的语言管理、信仰和(报告的)语言使用,同时考虑到不同的语言背景(德语作为第一语言、德语作为第二语言和德语作为外语)。这为我们提供了一个对群体敏感的制度性LP的整体视角,它揭示了两种不同的隐藏语言冲突:迄今为止,大学里两种最重要、最明显的语言——德语和英语之间的冲突未得到解决,以及德语和隐藏的“移民”语言之间被忽视和否定的冲突。一致的“国内国际化”策略将解决这些隐藏的冲突,并在教育和一般社会中显示语言使用观念的反作用。
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引用次数: 1
Sieburg, Heinz/Solms, Hans-Joachim (Eds.) (2017): Das Deutsche als plurizentrische Sprache. Ansprüche - Ergebnisse - Perspektiven (= Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie 136). Berlin: Erich Schmidt Verlag. 224 S. 海伦堡,亨茨/索尔姆,汉斯约阿希姆(2017年):德语是普普通通的语言。需求、结果、观点(=德国语言学杂志)柏林:艾尔希施密特出版社,224页
IF 0.3 Q4 LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/soci-2020-0015
Birte Kellermeier-Rehbein
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引用次数: 0
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Treballs de Sociolinguistica Catalana
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