Aim. Development of effi cient fertilization of red clover seed sowings with mineral, lime and microfertilizers in order to optimize plant nutrition during their vegetation period to obtain stable seed yields with high sowing and yield qualities. Methods. fi eld, visual, measuring, weight, quantitative, method of a test sheaf, laboratory, mathematical-statistical. Results. The paper presents the results of optimizing the nutrition of red clover seed sowings on the basis of the rational application of quick-acting lime (Ca(OH) 2 – 0.5 of the rate by hydrolytic acidity, mineral (N 30 P 60 K 60 ) and water-soluble fertilizers, which ensured seed yield increase 1.8–2.0 times at the level of 0.35–0.40 t/ha. Conclusions. The most effective combination of the basic fertilization with mineral fertilizers (N 30 P 60 K 60 ) and lime fertilizers (Са(ОН) 2 ) at the rate of 0.5 by hydrolytic acidity applied under the cover crop using water-soluble fertilizer (plantafol – 1.0 kg/ha) and boric fertilizers (H 3 BO 4 – 0.8 kg/ha) at the shooting stage of the second cut of red clover and molybdenum fertilizers ((CNH 4 ) 2 MoO 4 – 0.3 kg/ha) in spring at the beginning of its regrowth.
目标用矿物、石灰和微肥料对红三叶草种子进行有效施肥，以优化其植被期的植物营养，从而获得稳定的种子产量和高播种和高产质量。方法。现场，视觉，测量，重量，定量，试验方法，实验室，数理统计。后果本文介绍了在合理施用水解酸速生石灰（Ca（OH）2～0.5）、矿物肥料（N30 P 60 K 60）和水溶性肥料的基础上，优化红三叶草种子浸种营养的结果，使种子产量在0.35～0.40 t/ha水平上提高了1.8～2.0倍。结论。基础施肥与矿物肥料（N30 P 60 K 60）和石灰肥料（Са（ОН(（CNH 4）2 MoO 4–0.3公斤/公顷）。
{"title":"Formation of seed productivity and sowing qualities of red clover seed depending on the effect of lime, mineral and water-soluble fertilizers","authors":"S. Antoniv, S. Kolisnyk, O. Zapruta","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.03.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.03.027","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Development of effi cient fertilization of red clover seed sowings with mineral, lime and microfertilizers in order to optimize plant nutrition during their vegetation period to obtain stable seed yields with high sowing and yield qualities. Methods. fi eld, visual, measuring, weight, quantitative, method of a test sheaf, laboratory, mathematical-statistical. Results. The paper presents the results of optimizing the nutrition of red clover seed sowings on the basis of the rational application of quick-acting lime (Ca(OH) 2 – 0.5 of the rate by hydrolytic acidity, mineral (N 30 P 60 K 60 ) and water-soluble fertilizers, which ensured seed yield increase 1.8–2.0 times at the level of 0.35–0.40 t/ha. Conclusions. The most effective combination of the basic fertilization with mineral fertilizers (N 30 P 60 K 60 ) and lime fertilizers (Са(ОН) 2 ) at the rate of 0.5 by hydrolytic acidity applied under the cover crop using water-soluble fertilizer (plantafol – 1.0 kg/ha) and boric fertilizers (H 3 BO 4 – 0.8\u0000kg/ha) at the shooting stage of the second cut of red clover and molybdenum fertilizers ((CNH 4 ) 2 MoO 4 – 0.3 kg/ha) in spring at the beginning of its regrowth.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45469847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Viability of sperm cells of boars at the addition of fi nely dispersive silica to cryopreservation and defrosting media","authors":"O. Shcherbak, S. Kovtun","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.03.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.03.054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42889558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Adamchuk, V. Bulgakov, I. Holovach, V. Kuvachov
At present the appearance of novel energy-saturated tractors of traction-energy concept requires not only new principles of their aggregating but also the method of assembling aggregates on their basis. Aim. To increase the effi ciency of assembling soil-processing aggregates with traction and drive working units based on energy- saturated tractors of traction-energy concept. Methods. The study involved the use of the methods of tractor theory, use of machines, fi eld experimental investigations, statistical methods of processing study results, as well as methods of composing programs and numerical computations on PC. Results. The method of assem- bling soil-processing aggregates with traction and drive working units was suggested on the basis of technical information, available for a wide audience of specialists. Conclusions. The problem of assembling soil-pro- cessing aggregates with traction and drive working units on the basis of energy-saturated tractors of tractor- energy concept should be solved with the consideration of the suggested condition of useful power via traction, determined by the friction properties of a tractor, and the power which the tractor can actually transmit via a power take-off shaft or a hydrosystem.
{"title":"Studying the conditions of assembling traction-drive soil-processing aggregates with tractors of traction-energy concept","authors":"V. Adamchuk, V. Bulgakov, I. Holovach, V. Kuvachov","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.027","url":null,"abstract":"At present the appearance of novel energy-saturated tractors of traction-energy concept requires not only new principles of their aggregating but also the method of assembling aggregates on their basis. Aim. To increase the effi ciency of assembling soil-processing aggregates with traction and drive working units based on energy- saturated tractors of traction-energy concept. Methods. The study involved the use of the methods of tractor theory, use of machines, fi eld experimental investigations, statistical methods of processing study results, as well as methods of composing programs and numerical computations on PC. Results. The method of assem- bling soil-processing aggregates with traction and drive working units was suggested on the basis of technical information, available for a wide audience of specialists. Conclusions. The problem of assembling soil-pro- cessing aggregates with traction and drive working units on the basis of energy-saturated tractors of tractor- energy concept should be solved with\u0000the consideration of the suggested condition of useful power via traction, determined by the friction properties of a tractor, and the power which the tractor can actually transmit via a power take-off shaft or a hydrosystem.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49566045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Protsenko, M. Liashenko, A. Vlasenko, T. Hryniuk, O. Dobrovolny
Introduction. According to the data of foreign studies, prenyl fl avonoids and bitter substances of hop have signifi cant antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-infl ammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Methods. A complex of the following methods was used: a monographic method, analysis, synthesis and comparison, mathematical-statistical and modern physical-chemical methods of determining qualitative indices of hop, special and common in hop-growing industry, which allowed obtaining scientifi cally valid results. Results. The modern level of knowledge about biologically active compounds of hop and their properties was analyzed, in particular, bitter substances and xanthohumol. The quantitative and qualitative content of bitter substances, essential oil and xanthohumol in hop varieties of Ukrainian, European and American breeding was studied. Among the Ukrainian varieties, the highest amount of xanthohumol was found in Ruslan and Xanthus varie- ties – 1.16 % and 1.06 % against dry substances respectively, and its minimal amount was detected in the cones of the bitter Alta variety. Among the European varieties, the highest amount of this substance is contained in the German variety HallertauerTaurus – 0.9–1.0 %, up to 1 % in the Czech variety Agnus and the English va- riety Admiral, with the content of 0.95 %–1.09 %. There is a strong correlation between the accumulation of xanthohumol and alpha acids in the formation and ripening of the cones. The maximal amount of xanthohumol is formed in the hop cones in the phase of complete technical ripeness. The content of this substance in hop cones depends on the breeding variety and is a varietal trait, genetically fi xed for each variety. The quantitative amount of xanthohumol may be one of biochemical criteria of identifying the variety. Conclusions. By their characteristics, the Ukrainian hop varieties correspond to the world’s analogues, namely, according to their bio- chemical and technological indices, hop varieties Klon-18 and Zlato Polissia correspond to the characteristics of the hop of the Czech Saaz variety, the biochemical indices of the bitter Alta variety correspond to the Ger- man variety Magnum, and such varieties as Slovianka and Zahrava exceed the world’s analogues considerably in the composition and quality of bitter substances and essential oils and are unique.
{"title":"Investigation of properties of biologically active substances and their content in cones of ukrainian hop varieties","authors":"L. Protsenko, M. Liashenko, A. Vlasenko, T. Hryniuk, O. Dobrovolny","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.052","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. According to the data of foreign studies, prenyl fl avonoids and bitter substances of hop have signifi cant antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-infl ammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Methods. A complex of the following methods was used: a monographic method, analysis, synthesis and comparison, mathematical-statistical and modern physical-chemical methods of determining qualitative indices of hop, special and common in hop-growing industry, which allowed obtaining scientifi cally valid results. Results. The modern level of knowledge about biologically active compounds of hop and their properties was analyzed, in particular, bitter substances and xanthohumol. The quantitative and qualitative content of bitter substances, essential oil and xanthohumol in hop varieties of Ukrainian, European and American breeding was studied. Among the Ukrainian varieties, the highest amount of xanthohumol was found in Ruslan and Xanthus varie- ties – 1.16 % and 1.06 % against dry substances\u0000respectively, and its minimal amount was detected in the cones of the bitter Alta variety. Among the European varieties, the highest amount of this substance is contained in the German variety HallertauerTaurus – 0.9–1.0 %, up to 1 % in the Czech variety Agnus and the English va- riety Admiral, with the content of 0.95 %–1.09 %. There is a strong correlation between the accumulation of xanthohumol and alpha acids in the formation and ripening of the cones. The maximal amount of xanthohumol is formed in the hop cones in the phase of complete technical ripeness. The content of this substance in hop cones depends on the breeding variety and is a varietal trait, genetically fi xed for each variety. The quantitative amount of xanthohumol may be one of biochemical criteria of identifying the variety. Conclusions. By their characteristics, the Ukrainian hop varieties correspond to the world’s analogues, namely, according to their bio- chemical and technological indices, hop varieties Klon-18 and Zlato Polissia\u0000correspond to the characteristics of the hop of the Czech Saaz variety, the biochemical indices of the bitter Alta variety correspond to the Ger- man variety Magnum, and such varieties as Slovianka and Zahrava exceed the world’s analogues considerably in the composition and quality of bitter substances and essential oils and are unique.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46405469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To highlight the peculiarities of transformational changes in land use in agrarian production in terms of soil fertility and farming effi ciency in Ukraine. To carry out a comparative analysis of the effi ciency of use of land resources in different European countries. To substantiate approaches to farming biologization in conditions of intensifi cation of agrarian production and climate change. Methods. Observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, system analysis and forecast. Results. The results of long-term fundamental and applied researches on the effect of intensifi cation of agriculture on the productivity level of agrarian production have been analyzed. A benchmarking analysis of the effi ciency of use of land resources in Ukraine and European countries has been carried out. It has been established that as a result of economic activity the basic principle of interaction between the agriculture and livestock sector was violated, which does not allow to combine ef- fectively and use the intensifi cation factors, the principle of fruit variability is not applied when introducing short crop rotations of the market crops. Conclusions. The effectiveness of agrarian production in conditions of transformational changes depends on the biological farming, which should be targeted at the rational use of land resources, prevention of degradation, preservation and enhancement of soil fertility and sustainable land use in time, use of life factors of agricultural plants taking into account their biological requirements.
{"title":"Biological farming in conditions of transformational changes in the agrarian production of Ukraine","authors":"V. Petrychenko, O. Voronetska","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To highlight the peculiarities of transformational changes in land use in agrarian production in terms of soil fertility and farming effi ciency in Ukraine. To carry out a comparative analysis of the effi ciency of use of land resources in different European countries. To substantiate approaches to farming biologization in conditions of intensifi cation of agrarian production and climate change. Methods. Observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, system analysis and forecast. Results. The results of long-term fundamental and applied researches on the effect of intensifi cation of agriculture on the productivity level of agrarian production have been analyzed. A benchmarking analysis of the effi ciency of use of land resources in Ukraine and European countries has been carried out. It has been established that as a result of economic activity the basic principle of interaction between the agriculture and livestock sector was violated, which does not allow to combine ef- fectively and use the\u0000intensifi cation factors, the principle of fruit variability is not applied when introducing short crop rotations of the market crops. Conclusions. The effectiveness of agrarian production in conditions of transformational changes depends on the biological farming, which should be targeted at the rational use of land resources, prevention of degradation, preservation and enhancement of soil fertility and sustainable land use in time, use of life factors of agricultural plants taking into account their biological requirements.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47698400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To obtain planting material of Miscanthus × giganteus in a large amount in order to study the peculiari- ties of morphogenesis of isolated meristem culture. Methods. The explants were sterilized using 70 % etha- nol and 0.1 % mercury bichloride, after that, the methods of plant cultivation and reproduction in vitro and statistical processing of the obtained data was performed. Results. The study presents the results of obtaining the regenerate plants from dormant buds of 3-year-old rhizomes of Miscanthus × giganteus. The Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.75 mg/L) and kinetin (1.2 mg/L) was found to be the best for regeneration of microsprouts, providing the maximum value of the regeneration index (95 %) and contributing to the development of the main sprouts and tillering. The obtained sprouts were rooted in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with half-dose of macro- and micronutrients without growth regulators. In doing so, rooting index made up 95.0–97.0 %. The best substrate for the adaptation of miscan- thus plants in vivo was found to be a mixture of peat, sand, and perlite in a ratio of 2 : 1 : 1, respectively. In this substrate, plant establishment reached 91 %. Conclusions. The peculiarities of morphogenesis in Miscan- thus × giganteus isolated meristem were studied. At the same time, the index of sprouts regeneration varied from 90.0 to 100.0 %. In addition, the development of the main sprout and multiple tillering occurred in 85.0– 100.0 % explant. The highest survivability of micro-plants (91–95 %) was provided in the peat-sand-perlite substrate in a ratio of 2 : 1 : 1.
{"title":"Morphogenesis of Miscanthus × Giganteus in vitro","authors":"O. Klyachenko, O. Nekrut","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To obtain planting material of Miscanthus × giganteus in a large amount in order to study the peculiari- ties of morphogenesis of isolated meristem culture. Methods. The explants were sterilized using 70 % etha- nol and 0.1 % mercury bichloride, after that, the methods of plant cultivation and reproduction in vitro and statistical processing of the obtained data was performed. Results. The study presents the results of obtaining the regenerate plants from dormant buds of 3-year-old rhizomes of Miscanthus × giganteus. The Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.75 mg/L) and kinetin (1.2 mg/L) was found to be the best for regeneration of microsprouts, providing the maximum value of the regeneration index (95 %) and contributing to the development of the main sprouts and tillering. The obtained sprouts were rooted in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with half-dose of macro- and micronutrients without growth regulators. In doing so, rooting index made up 95.0–97.0 %.\u0000The best substrate for the adaptation of miscan- thus plants in vivo was found to be a mixture of peat, sand, and perlite in a ratio of 2 : 1 : 1, respectively. In this substrate, plant establishment reached 91 %. Conclusions. The peculiarities of morphogenesis in Miscan- thus × giganteus isolated meristem were studied. At the same time, the index of sprouts regeneration varied from 90.0 to 100.0 %. In addition, the development of the main sprout and multiple tillering occurred in 85.0– 100.0 % explant. The highest survivability of micro-plants (91–95 %) was provided in the peat-sand-perlite substrate in a ratio of 2 : 1 : 1.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42467773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Savchuk, M. Starodub, C. Bisio, M. Guidotti, M. Lisovyy
Aim. To estimate the possibilities of applying nanocomposites on the basis of saponite to increase biomet- ric indices of corn hybrid Kharkivsky 340 MV. Methods. laboratory (method of scanning electronic micros- copy, method of fl uorescence induction of chlorophylls, spectrophotometric method of determining the num- ber of green pigments, methods of determining biometric indices of plants), statistical. Results. This article presents the results of investigating the impact of nanocomposites on biometric indices of corn hybrid Kharkivsky 340 MV. It was established that presowing treatment of corn seeds with aqueous solutions of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l stimulated growth indices of plants. Presowing soaking of seeds in nanocomposite solutions increased the energy of germination, sprouting and length of hybrid corn seedlings. The action of nanocomposite Nb-saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l leads to the increase in the germination energy by 10.6 %, the length of a stem part – 2-fold, root system – by 30.3 % and the laboratory germination of seeds is 100 %. The height of a stem of corn plants in the phase of three leaves after presowing treatment of seeds with nanocomposites Saponite (H), Nb-Saponite (Cl) and Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l exceeded the control by 31.7, 26.2 and 42.7 %, and the length of the root system increased twice. The action of Saponite (H) and Nb-Saponite (Cl) led to the increase in the number and length of the main roots of corn, and Nb-Saponite (Et) stimulated the development of additional roots and formation of root fi brilla. The presowing treatment of corn seeds with the solutions of nanocomposites Saponite (H), Nb-Saponite (Cl), Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l promoted the increase in the vegetative mass by 35, 27.9 and 56.4 % compared to the control. At the impact of nanocomposites, the area of the leaf plate of plants increased by 20.4 % on average. There was an increase in the sum of chlorophylls (a + b) in plants, whose seeds were previously treated with nanocomposites Nb-Saponite (Cl) and Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l by 41.2 and 40.6 % compared to the control. Conclusions. The application of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l for presowing treatment of corn seeds of hybrid Kharkivskyi 340 MV promoted the activation of growth indices and improved the process of photosynthesis.
{"title":"Estimation of the effi ciency of applying nanocomposites as environmentally safe nanofertilizers to stimulate biometric indices of agricultural crops","authors":"M. Savchuk, M. Starodub, C. Bisio, M. Guidotti, M. Lisovyy","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.064","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To estimate the possibilities of applying nanocomposites on the basis of saponite to increase biomet- ric indices of corn hybrid Kharkivsky 340 MV. Methods. laboratory (method of scanning electronic micros- copy, method of fl uorescence induction of chlorophylls, spectrophotometric method of determining the num- ber of green pigments, methods of determining biometric indices of plants), statistical. Results. This article presents the results of investigating the impact of nanocomposites on biometric indices of corn hybrid Kharkivsky 340 MV. It was established that presowing treatment of corn seeds with aqueous solutions of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l stimulated growth indices of plants. Presowing soaking of seeds in nanocomposite solutions increased the energy of germination, sprouting and length of hybrid corn seedlings. The action of nanocomposite Nb-saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l leads to the increase in the germination energy by 10.6 %,\u0000the length of a stem part – 2-fold, root system – by 30.3 % and the laboratory germination of seeds is 100 %. The height of a stem of corn plants in the phase of three leaves after presowing treatment of seeds with nanocomposites Saponite (H), Nb-Saponite (Cl) and Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l exceeded the control by 31.7, 26.2 and 42.7 %, and the length of the root system increased twice. The action of Saponite (H) and Nb-Saponite (Cl) led to the increase in the number and length of the main roots of corn, and Nb-Saponite (Et) stimulated the development of additional roots and formation of root fi brilla. The presowing treatment of corn seeds with the solutions of nanocomposites Saponite (H), Nb-Saponite (Cl), Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l promoted the increase in the vegetative mass by 35, 27.9 and 56.4 % compared to the control. At the impact of nanocomposites, the area of the leaf plate of plants increased by 20.4 % on average. There was an increase in the sum of\u0000chlorophylls (a + b) in plants, whose seeds were previously treated with nanocomposites Nb-Saponite (Cl) and Nb-Saponite (Et) in the concentration of 300 mg/l by 41.2 and 40.6 % compared to the control. Conclusions. The application of nanocomposites on the basis of saponite in the concentration of 300 mg/l for presowing treatment of corn seeds of hybrid Kharkivskyi 340 MV promoted the activation of growth indices and improved the process of photosynthesis.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46838470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya.S. Zapolsky, T. Medvedeva, T. Natalchuk, M. Bublyk
Aim. To propagate edible honeysuckle (Lonicera edulis Turcz) in in vitro conditions; to study the impact of sterilization agents on honeysuckle explants; to investigate the impact of the culture medium composition on the coeffi cient of propagation and rooting; to study the capability to adapt to in vivo conditions. Methods. Laboratory, mathematical, estimation and comparison. Results. The impact of sterilizing substances on obtain- ing the aseptic culture of edible honeysuckle in in vivo conditions was studied. The experiments were con- ducted on the following species: Alicia, Spokusa, Chaika, Nimfa, Doch Velikana, Karina. Lisoformin 3000 and mercury chloride were used as sterilizing agents. In the variant with Lisoformin 3000 it was studied in three exposures – 5, 7, and 10 minutes. In terms of explant regeneration effi ciency after sterilization with Lisofor- min 3000, three groups of edible honeysuckle species were isolated: 1 – with high regeneration capacity (94– 96 %) – Alicia, Karina and Spokusa; 2 – medium capacity (86–87 %) – Chaika and Doch Velikana, 3 – low capacity (80 %) – Nimfa. The experiments aimed at studying the impact of culture medium components on the propagation effi ciency determined the increase in the latter in case of rotating media with different quantitative and qualitative composition. Permanent application of uniform media leads to a sharp decrease in the prolif- eration coeffi cient in all the investigated species. Both hormone-free medium and the medium with growth regulators are effi cient for rooting. High indices of rooting were achieved in both variants. The use of auxins promoted the formation of a larger amount of plant roots (from 3.09 in Spokusa to 4.21 in Alicia) which in its turn impacted the survivability of plants in in vivo conditions. Conclusions. It was established that Lisoformin 3000 in the concentration of 3 % and at the exposure duration of 5 min ensured optimal effi ciency of steriliza- tion and regeneration of edible honeysuckle explants and did not decrease their propagation coeffi cients. With corresponding concentrations and sterilization duration, this preparation may be recommended for obtaining the aseptic culture of honeysuckle. It was demonstrated that the rotation of media, rich and poor in macro- and microsalts was effi cient for obtaining high indices of proliferation: the plants had a larger amount of tillering even in case of using not high concentrations of cytokinin. The introduction of rhizogenesis inducer, IBA, (1 mg/l) into the culture medium did not increase the percentage of rooted plants compared to hormone-free medium, but stimulated the formation of a larger amount of roots, which had further positive impact on the adaptation properties.
{"title":"Propagation of edible honeysuckle (Lonicera edulis Turcz) in in vitro conditions","authors":"Ya.S. Zapolsky, T. Medvedeva, T. Natalchuk, M. Bublyk","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To propagate edible honeysuckle (Lonicera edulis Turcz) in in vitro conditions; to study the impact of sterilization agents on honeysuckle explants; to investigate the impact of the culture medium composition on the coeffi cient of propagation and rooting; to study the capability to adapt to in vivo conditions. Methods. Laboratory, mathematical, estimation and comparison. Results. The impact of sterilizing substances on obtain- ing the aseptic culture of edible honeysuckle in in vivo conditions was studied. The experiments were con- ducted on the following species: Alicia, Spokusa, Chaika, Nimfa, Doch Velikana, Karina. Lisoformin 3000 and mercury chloride were used as sterilizing agents. In the variant with Lisoformin 3000 it was studied in three exposures – 5, 7, and 10 minutes. In terms of explant regeneration effi ciency after sterilization with Lisofor- min 3000, three groups of edible honeysuckle species were isolated: 1 – with high regeneration capacity (94– 96 %) – Alicia, Karina and Spokusa; 2 –\u0000medium capacity (86–87 %) – Chaika and Doch Velikana, 3 – low capacity (80 %) – Nimfa. The experiments aimed at studying the impact of culture medium components on the propagation effi ciency determined the increase in the latter in case of rotating media with different quantitative and qualitative composition. Permanent application of uniform media leads to a sharp decrease in the prolif- eration coeffi cient in all the investigated species. Both hormone-free medium and the medium with growth regulators are effi cient for rooting. High indices of rooting were achieved in both variants. The use of auxins promoted the formation of a larger amount of plant roots (from 3.09 in Spokusa to 4.21 in Alicia) which in its turn impacted the survivability of plants in in vivo conditions. Conclusions. It was established that Lisoformin 3000 in the concentration of 3 % and at the exposure duration of 5 min ensured optimal effi ciency of steriliza- tion and regeneration of edible honeysuckle explants and did not decrease\u0000their propagation coeffi cients. With corresponding concentrations and sterilization duration, this preparation may be recommended for obtaining the aseptic culture of honeysuckle. It was demonstrated that the rotation of media, rich and poor in macro- and microsalts was effi cient for obtaining high indices of proliferation: the plants had a larger amount of tillering even in case of using not high concentrations of cytokinin. The introduction of rhizogenesis inducer, IBA, (1 mg/l) into the culture medium did not increase the percentage of rooted plants compared to hormone-free medium, but stimulated the formation of a larger amount of roots, which had further positive impact on the adaptation properties.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47109732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To substantiate the agroecological estimation of the performance of a short crop rotation in conditions of intense and organic system of fertilization on the basis of restoring normative parameters of emission and se- questration of С-СО 2 circulation while using by-products as organic fertilizers in conditions of modern climatic system of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical, laboratory. Results of Investigations. The performance of short crop rotations is determined by the capacity of С-СО 2 balance. Strong inverse correla- tion was found between the capacity of N and the ratio between C and N in the agrocenosis, which demon- strated that enhancing the humifi cation processes (ratio constriction) led to the increase in the capacity of С org balance and the decrease in the capacity level of С-СО 2 balance (enhancing mineralization), related to the reduction in the performance of crops in the agrocenosis of a crop rotation compared to the organic system of fertilization. The capacity of С-СО 2 and С org balance correlates at the medium level of inverse direction, and the yield of the main products, feed units and digestible protein correlates at the level of strong direct correlation. Conclusions. General mineralization of by-products and humus in the agrocenosis and humifi cation processes are antagonists, so extending the ratio between С and N at the intense fertilization system stimulates the in- crease in performance and reducing С to N similar to the organic fertilization system enhances the humifi cation process due to binding of С org into humus and limits mineralization which leads to the reduction in agrocenosis performance at the organic fertilization system.
{"title":"Sequestration of carbon oxide in different fertilization systems in agrocenoses","authors":"O. Demydenko, Yu. Zapasna, V. Velychko","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.02.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.02.037","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To substantiate the agroecological estimation of the performance of a short crop rotation in conditions of intense and organic system of fertilization on the basis of restoring normative parameters of emission and se- questration of С-СО 2 circulation while using by-products as organic fertilizers in conditions of modern climatic system of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical, laboratory. Results of Investigations. The performance of short crop rotations is determined by the capacity of С-СО 2 balance. Strong inverse correla- tion was found between the capacity of N and the ratio between C and N in the agrocenosis, which demon- strated that enhancing the humifi cation processes (ratio constriction) led to the increase in the capacity of С org balance and the decrease in the capacity level of С-СО 2 balance (enhancing mineralization), related to the reduction in the performance of crops in the agrocenosis of a crop rotation compared to the organic system of fertilization. The\u0000capacity of С-СО 2 and С org balance correlates at the medium level of inverse direction, and the yield of the main products, feed units and digestible protein correlates at the level of strong direct correlation. Conclusions. General mineralization of by-products and humus in the agrocenosis and humifi cation processes are antagonists, so extending the ratio between С and N at the intense fertilization system stimulates the in- crease in performance and reducing С to N similar to the organic fertilization system enhances the humifi cation process due to binding of С org into humus and limits mineralization which leads to the reduction in agrocenosis performance at the organic fertilization system.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48042883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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