Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0086
Katarina Milenković, Miloš Tasić, Dušan Stamenković
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of translating literary metaphors from Serbian to English on metaphor quality, aptness, metaphoricity, and familiarity. The research involved 55 Serbian metaphors translated into English using the A is B form, which were then evaluated by 252 participants in two separate studies. Study 1 served as an extension of a previous norming study. In it, a group of participants assessed 55 translated literary metaphorical expressions, and their evaluations were compared to those of the original Serbian versions. In Study 2, a group of participants, divided into two subgroups, rated a collection of both the original metaphorical expressions and their translated counterparts. The results indicate that the translated metaphors generally scored higher in terms of aptness, familiarity, quality, and partially in metaphoricity. These findings suggest that translating the metaphors into English had a positive impact on their perceived effectiveness and familiarity. Several factors are considered to explain these outcomes, including the nature of the English language itself, the participants’ exposure to English, and the translation process. Overall, this study highlights the influence of translation on the perception of literary metaphors and provides insights into metaphor interpretation.
本研究旨在探讨将文学隐喻从塞尔维亚语翻译成英语对隐喻质量、恰当性、隐喻性和熟悉程度的影响。研究采用 A is B 的形式将 55 个塞尔维亚隐喻翻译成英语，然后由 252 名参与者在两项不同的研究中对这些隐喻进行评估。研究 1 是之前规范化研究的延伸。在这项研究中，一组参与者对 55 个翻译的文学隐喻表达进行了评估，并将他们的评估结果与塞尔维亚语原文的评估结果进行了比较。在研究 2 中，一组参与者分成两个小组，对一组原始隐喻表达及其对应译文进行评分。结果表明，翻译后的隐喻在贴切度、熟悉度、质量和部分隐喻性方面得分普遍较高。这些结果表明，将隐喻翻译成英语对其感知效果和熟悉程度有积极影响。有几个因素可以解释这些结果，包括英语语言本身的性质、参与者对英语的接触以及翻译过程。总之，本研究强调了翻译对文学隐喻感知的影响，并为隐喻解读提供了启示。
{"title":"Influence of translation on perceived metaphor features: quality, aptness, metaphoricity, and familiarity","authors":"Katarina Milenković, Miloš Tasić, Dušan Stamenković","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0086","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to examine the effects of translating literary metaphors from Serbian to English on metaphor quality, aptness, metaphoricity, and familiarity. The research involved 55 Serbian metaphors translated into English using the <jats:italic>A is B</jats:italic> form, which were then evaluated by 252 participants in two separate studies. Study 1 served as an extension of a previous norming study. In it, a group of participants assessed 55 translated literary metaphorical expressions, and their evaluations were compared to those of the original Serbian versions. In Study 2, a group of participants, divided into two subgroups, rated a collection of both the original metaphorical expressions and their translated counterparts. The results indicate that the translated metaphors generally scored higher in terms of aptness, familiarity, quality, and partially in metaphoricity. These findings suggest that translating the metaphors into English had a positive impact on their perceived effectiveness and familiarity. Several factors are considered to explain these outcomes, including the nature of the English language itself, the participants’ exposure to English, and the translation process. Overall, this study highlights the influence of translation on the perception of literary metaphors and provides insights into metaphor interpretation.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0036
Marc Allassonnière-Tang, I-Ping Wan
Speech errors provide cues for explaining the process of word retrieval. For example, speech errors are less likely to occur with high-frequency words since these words already receive a high level of activation. The current analysis further develops existing findings in two ways. First, instead of considering the overall frequency of the words in the entire corpora, we consider the gap in frequency between sequential pairs of words. We hypothesize that speech errors are more likely to occur if the target has a much lower frequency than its preceding word. Second, we use word embedding methods to quantify the semantic distance between sequential pairs of words. We hypothesize that speech errors are more likely to occur with words that have a large semantic distance from their preceding context. We also consider the potential effects of phonetic distance between sequential pairs of words and position-in-utterance of words in utterances. The results from a Mandarin corpus of speech errors show that word frequency and semantic distance between sequential pairs of words can be used to predict the occurrence of speech errors with an accuracy above the majority baseline.
{"title":"Revisiting the automatic prediction of lexical errors in Mandarin","authors":"Marc Allassonnière-Tang, I-Ping Wan","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Speech errors provide cues for explaining the process of word retrieval. For example, speech errors are less likely to occur with high-frequency words since these words already receive a high level of activation. The current analysis further develops existing findings in two ways. First, instead of considering the overall frequency of the words in the entire corpora, we consider the gap in frequency between sequential pairs of words. We hypothesize that speech errors are more likely to occur if the target has a much lower frequency than its preceding word. Second, we use word embedding methods to quantify the semantic distance between sequential pairs of words. We hypothesize that speech errors are more likely to occur with words that have a large semantic distance from their preceding context. We also consider the potential effects of phonetic distance between sequential pairs of words and position-in-utterance of words in utterances. The results from a Mandarin corpus of speech errors show that word frequency and semantic distance between sequential pairs of words can be used to predict the occurrence of speech errors with an accuracy above the majority baseline.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2022-0142
Lauren Fonteyn, Enrique Manjavacas, Nina Haket, Aletta G. Dorst, Eva Kruijt
This paper explores how linguistic data annotation can be made (semi-)automatic by means of machine learning. More specifically, we focus on the use of “contextualized word embeddings” (i.e. vectorized representations of the meaning of word tokens based on the sentential context in which they appear) extracted by large language models (LLMs). In three example case studies, we assess how the contextualized embeddings generated by LLMs can be combined with different machine learning approaches to serve as a flexible, adaptable semi-automated data annotation tool for corpus linguists. Subsequently, to evaluate which approach is most reliable across the different case studies, we use a Bayesian framework for model comparison, which estimates the probability that the performance of a given classification approach is stronger than that of an alternative approach. Our results indicate that combining contextualized word embeddings with metric fine-tuning yield highly accurate automatic annotations.
{"title":"Could this be next for corpus linguistics? Methods of semi-automatic data annotation with contextualized word embeddings","authors":"Lauren Fonteyn, Enrique Manjavacas, Nina Haket, Aletta G. Dorst, Eva Kruijt","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2022-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2022-0142","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how linguistic data annotation can be made (semi-)automatic by means of machine learning. More specifically, we focus on the use of “contextualized word embeddings” (i.e. vectorized representations of the meaning of word tokens based on the sentential context in which they appear) extracted by large language models (LLMs). In three example case studies, we assess how the contextualized embeddings generated by LLMs can be combined with different machine learning approaches to serve as a flexible, adaptable semi-automated data annotation tool for corpus linguists. Subsequently, to evaluate which approach is most reliable across the different case studies, we use a Bayesian framework for model comparison, which estimates the probability that the performance of a given classification approach is stronger than that of an alternative approach. Our results indicate that combining contextualized word embeddings with metric fine-tuning yield highly accurate automatic annotations.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141531974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0148
Oliver Mayeux
This paper presents the typologically unusual case of borrowed tense-mood-aspect morphemes. Data are taken from Louisiana Creole, a critically endangered French-lexifier creole. Over the course of its history, Louisiana Creole has been in contact with local varieties of both French and English, including African American English. It will be shown that points of structural congruity between Louisiana Creole and African American English have facilitated the borrowing of two aspect markers for speakers competent in both varieties. African American English stressed BIN has been borrowed and marks remote past habitual, stative, and completive. The adverb still has been borrowed and subsequently has grammaticalized as a continuative marker via spec-to-head reanalysis. These borrowings are integrated into the inflectional domain as functional heads marking aspect. Their ordering constraints are evaluated relative to a previous hierarchy proposed by Rottet. Discussion of contact-induced change in creole languages has typically been confined to examination of interactions with the lexifier, the language which contributes the majority of a creole’s vocabulary (in this case, French). Fewer studies have presented detailed accounts of how creoles behave when in contact with other languages, meaning that this particular contact context remains undertheorized.
本文介绍了借用时态-情态-语气词这一类型学上不寻常的情况。数据取自路易斯安那克里奥尔语，这是一种极度濒危的法语词汇克里奥尔语。在其历史进程中，路易斯安那克里奥尔语与当地的法语和英语（包括非裔美国人英语）都有过接触。研究表明，路易斯安那克里奥尔语与非裔美国人英语之间的结构共通点促进了两个方面标记的借用，使这两种语言的使用者都能熟练掌握这两种语言。非洲裔美国人英语中的重音 BIN 已被借用，用于标记远程过去惯用语、状语和完成时。副词 still 也已被借用，随后通过具体到头的再分析，语法化为连续性标记。这些借词作为标记方面的功能词头被整合到词法域中。根据 Rottet 以前提出的层次结构，对它们的排序限制进行了评估。对克里奥尔语中由接触引起的变化的讨论通常局限于研究与词法的相互作用，词法是克里奥尔语的主要词汇（在本例中为法语）。很少有研究详细阐述克里奥尔语在与其他语言接触时是如何表现的，这意味着这种特殊的接触语境仍未被充分理论化。
{"title":"The syntax of African American English borrowings in the Louisiana Creole tense-mood-aspect system","authors":"Oliver Mayeux","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0148","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the typologically unusual case of borrowed tense-mood-aspect morphemes. Data are taken from Louisiana Creole, a critically endangered French-lexifier creole. Over the course of its history, Louisiana Creole has been in contact with local varieties of both French and English, including African American English. It will be shown that points of structural congruity between Louisiana Creole and African American English have facilitated the borrowing of two aspect markers for speakers competent in both varieties. African American English stressed <jats:italic>BIN</jats:italic> has been borrowed and marks remote past habitual, stative, and completive. The adverb <jats:italic>still</jats:italic> has been borrowed and subsequently has grammaticalized as a continuative marker via spec-to-head reanalysis. These borrowings are integrated into the inflectional domain as functional heads marking aspect. Their ordering constraints are evaluated relative to a previous hierarchy proposed by Rottet. Discussion of contact-induced change in creole languages has typically been confined to examination of interactions with the lexifier, the language which contributes the majority of a creole’s vocabulary (in this case, French). Fewer studies have presented detailed accounts of how creoles behave when in contact with other languages, meaning that this particular contact context remains undertheorized.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141525516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2024-0119
Laura Wagner, Georgia Zellou
This is the introduction to the special collection on public outreach in linguistics.
这是语言学公共宣传特辑的导言。
{"title":"Introduction to the special collection on public outreach in linguistics","authors":"Laura Wagner, Georgia Zellou","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2024-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2024-0119","url":null,"abstract":"This is the introduction to the special collection on public outreach in linguistics.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-21DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2022-0147
Hannah Gibson, Lutz Marten, Sambulo Ndlovu
African urban youth languages (AUYLs) often function as languages of resistance and “anti-languages”, establishing alternative semiotic spaces. In this paper, we analyse the encoding of politeness and respect in AUYLs, drawing on examples from Southern Africa, and show that they have complex systems of politeness marking, comparable to the matrix languages on which they draw. This includes different types of address forms, polite reference forms, and the use of avoidance language. There are lexical and morphological strategies to achieve politeness in AUYLs and these can be used to express both negative and positive politeness. The picture that emerges from this study is consistent with previous findings showing the structural complexity of AUYLs. However, the paper suggests that the presence of complex politeness marking in AUYLs may reflect the complex, and at times ambiguous, relation of AUYLs with established, mainstream norms.
{"title":"Encoding politeness in African urban youth languages: evidence from Southern Africa","authors":"Hannah Gibson, Lutz Marten, Sambulo Ndlovu","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2022-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2022-0147","url":null,"abstract":"African urban youth languages (AUYLs) often function as languages of resistance and “anti-languages”, establishing alternative semiotic spaces. In this paper, we analyse the encoding of politeness and respect in AUYLs, drawing on examples from Southern Africa, and show that they have complex systems of politeness marking, comparable to the matrix languages on which they draw. This includes different types of address forms, polite reference forms, and the use of avoidance language. There are lexical and morphological strategies to achieve politeness in AUYLs and these can be used to express both negative and positive politeness. The picture that emerges from this study is consistent with previous findings showing the structural complexity of AUYLs. However, the paper suggests that the presence of complex politeness marking in AUYLs may reflect the complex, and at times ambiguous, relation of AUYLs with established, mainstream norms.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141525517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-20DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2024-0034
Jungyeon Kim
When an English word ending in a stop is adapted to Korean, a vowel is variably inserted after the final stop: some words always take the epenthetic vowel, and some never do, while some vary between these alternatives. Although there are different linguistic factors that possibly affect this insertion, it is not easy to determine which pattern will be chosen if a new word comes into the borrowing language. This study conducted classification data analyses of production patterns based on machine learning algorithms including support vector machines and random forests. These two classifiers show similar results where vowel tenseness is the best predictor among all the possible predictors. This indicates that vowel tenseness is most influential in classifying the patterns (no vowel insertion, optional vowel insertion, or vowel insertion). Results suggest that while vowel tenseness remains significant, other factors such as stop voicing and stop place also hold some importance, albeit to a lesser degree. The contribution of this study is that it provides insight into the factors that regulate vowel insertion, and these findings support the need for a behavioral experiment to see if the current results can make right predictions with respect to the behavior of nonce items.
{"title":"Supervised prediction of production patterns using machine learning algorithms","authors":"Jungyeon Kim","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2024-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2024-0034","url":null,"abstract":"When an English word ending in a stop is adapted to Korean, a vowel is variably inserted after the final stop: some words always take the epenthetic vowel, and some never do, while some vary between these alternatives. Although there are different linguistic factors that possibly affect this insertion, it is not easy to determine which pattern will be chosen if a new word comes into the borrowing language. This study conducted classification data analyses of production patterns based on machine learning algorithms including support vector machines and random forests. These two classifiers show similar results where vowel tenseness is the best predictor among all the possible predictors. This indicates that vowel tenseness is most influential in classifying the patterns (no vowel insertion, optional vowel insertion, or vowel insertion). Results suggest that while vowel tenseness remains significant, other factors such as stop voicing and stop place also hold some importance, albeit to a lesser degree. The contribution of this study is that it provides insight into the factors that regulate vowel insertion, and these findings support the need for a behavioral experiment to see if the current results can make right predictions with respect to the behavior of nonce items.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141525518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0060
Lisa Davidson, Oiwi Parker Jones
Previous research has shown that non-phonemic uses of glottalization are often prosodically determined in a variety of languages such as English, German, Polish, and Spanish. We examine the use of inserted glottalization in Hawaiian, a language that also has a phonemic glottal stop, to determine whether the distribution and realization of non-phonemic glottalization is conditioned by higher prosodic boundaries and/or prosodic prominence as found in other languages. The spontaneous speech data in this study comes from the Hawaiian-language radio program Ka Leo Hawaiʻi, which featured interviews with bilingual Hawaiian–English speakers in the 1970s and 1980s (Kimura, Larry (Producer). 2020. Ka Leo Hawaiʻi [radio program]. Kaniʻāina, the digital repository of Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani, College of Hawaiian Language, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo. Available at: https://ulukau.org/kaniaina/). Results show that non-phonemic glottalization occurs most often before an unstressed, monophthongal single-vowel grammatical marker (/a e i o/), where it is also longer, as well as before unstressed vowels and between different flanking sounds. Full closures were more likely between identical vowels, but stress does not affect realization. These results are not consistent with the use of glottalization at higher prosodic boundaries or to mark prosodic prominence. Instead, the preponderance of non-phonemic glottalization before single-vowel grammatical markers may be to ensure that these critical markers are recoverable and not perceptually subsumed by the preceding vowel.
以往的研究表明，在英语、德语、波兰语和西班牙语等多种语言中，非音位喉塞音的使用往往是由前音决定的。我们研究了夏威夷语中插入式喉塞音的使用情况，以确定非音位喉塞音的分布和实现是否与其他语言一样受制于较高的前音界限和/或前音突出。本研究中的自发语音数据来自夏威夷语广播节目《Ka Leo Hawaiʻi》，该节目在 20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代采访了夏威夷语-英语双语者（Kimura, Larry (Producer).2020.Ka Leo Hawaiʻi [广播节目]。Kaniʻāina，夏威夷大学希洛分校夏威夷语言学院 Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani 的数字资料库。网址：https://ulukau.org/kaniaina/）。结果表明，非音位喉化最常发生在非重音、单元音语法标记（/a e i o/）之前，其长度也较长，也发生在非重音元音之前和不同侧音之间。在相同元音之间更容易出现全闭，但重音并不影响全闭的实现。这些结果与在较高的拟声边界或标记拟声显著性时使用喉塞音不一致。相反，单韵母语法标记前的非发音性喉塞音占优势，可能是为了确保这些关键标记可以恢复，而不会被前面的韵母淹没。
{"title":"The role of recoverability in the implementation of non-phonemic glottalization in Hawaiian","authors":"Lisa Davidson, Oiwi Parker Jones","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has shown that non-phonemic uses of glottalization are often prosodically determined in a variety of languages such as English, German, Polish, and Spanish. We examine the use of inserted glottalization in Hawaiian, a language that also has a phonemic glottal stop, to determine whether the distribution and realization of non-phonemic glottalization is conditioned by higher prosodic boundaries and/or prosodic prominence as found in other languages. The spontaneous speech data in this study comes from the Hawaiian-language radio program <jats:italic>Ka Leo Hawaiʻi</jats:italic>, which featured interviews with bilingual Hawaiian–English speakers in the 1970s and 1980s (Kimura, Larry (Producer). 2020. <jats:italic>Ka Leo Hawaiʻi</jats:italic> [radio program]. Kaniʻāina, the digital repository of Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani, College of Hawaiian Language, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo. Available at: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https://ulukau.org/kaniaina/\">https://ulukau.org/kaniaina/</jats:ext-link>). Results show that non-phonemic glottalization occurs most often before an unstressed, monophthongal single-vowel grammatical marker (/a e i o/), where it is also longer, as well as before unstressed vowels and between different flanking sounds. Full closures were more likely between identical vowels, but stress does not affect realization. These results are not consistent with the use of glottalization at higher prosodic boundaries or to mark prosodic prominence. Instead, the preponderance of non-phonemic glottalization before single-vowel grammatical markers may be to ensure that these critical markers are recoverable and not perceptually subsumed by the preceding vowel.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141192053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2022-0146
Janika Kunzmann
In youth language practice, diverse creative linguistic strategies are applied to derive a language variant distinct from what is perceived as the norm. Since linguistic innovation is of primary interest for the study of “deviant” speech varieties, this paper discusses whether the structural similarities and differences observed between African youth languages can be addressed by determining the linguistic strategies employed by speakers in order to innovate. Defining innovation as a new combination of existing material, I identify two higher-level types of practices that I propose lead to linguistic innovation: (i) combining two or more resources from different languages in the speaker’s linguistic repertoire, and (ii) using a linguistic strategy with a part of the speaker’s linguistic repertoire. To illustrate these two types, reference is made to the Lingala-based youth language practices Yanké and Langila. Although both types of strategy may occur simultaneously, I argue that Yanké speakers rely more on combining different languages from their repertoire, whereas Langila speakers more heavily rely on applying creative language games to their repertoire. The question is raised as to whether the structural differences between the two youth language practices can be accounted for by determining the type of innovation practices employed by the speakers.
{"title":"Theoretical considerations on linguistic innovation through new combinations in African youth language practices, exemplified in Yanké and Langila (DR Congo)","authors":"Janika Kunzmann","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2022-0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2022-0146","url":null,"abstract":"In youth language practice, diverse creative linguistic strategies are applied to derive a language variant distinct from what is perceived as the norm. Since linguistic innovation is of primary interest for the study of “deviant” speech varieties, this paper discusses whether the structural similarities and differences observed between African youth languages can be addressed by determining the linguistic strategies employed by speakers in order to innovate. Defining innovation as a new combination of existing material, I identify two higher-level types of practices that I propose lead to linguistic innovation: (i) combining two or more resources from different languages in the speaker’s linguistic repertoire, and (ii) using a linguistic strategy with a part of the speaker’s linguistic repertoire. To illustrate these two types, reference is made to the Lingala-based youth language practices Yanké and Langila. Although both types of strategy may occur simultaneously, I argue that Yanké speakers rely more on combining different languages from their repertoire, whereas Langila speakers more heavily rely on applying creative language games to their repertoire. The question is raised as to whether the structural differences between the two youth language practices can be accounted for by determining the type of innovation practices employed by the speakers.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141192054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0107
Chonglong Gu
Access to languages is a human right and multilingual crisis communication is vital during a pandemic. Multilingual and (super)diverse Singapore features four official languages (English, Chinese, Malay, and Tamil), with English being a dominant lingua franca. Additionally, other minority/migrant languages are also spoken to varying degrees (e.g. Tagalog, Thai, Burmese, Hindi, Punjabi, and Nepali). Contributing to public health communication research, this study explores Singapore’s multilingual pandemic communication practices evidenced on its COVID-related linguistic landscape, drawing on real-world top-down and bottom-up signs (N = 128). Top-down signs in Singapore are found to mostly feature English monolingualism or the four official languages. In comparison, Singapore’s bottom-up COVID-scape manifests in more scenarios. The findings are aligned with Singapore’s linguistic policy and existing pre-COVID linguistic ecology. What is conspicuously absent is that minority/migrant languages other than the four official languages are rarely represented. Despite Singapore's relative success in the anti-Covid journey overall, this raises questions of inclusiveness and accessibility and suggests that the city state needs to get out of its linguistic “comfort zone” and use a broader range of languages in crisis communication, especially considering the possibility of disease X and other future public health contingencies. The wider significance and ramifications of the study are also explored and discussed.
{"title":"“Let’s ride this out together”: unpacking multilingual top-down and bottom-up pandemic communication evidenced in Singapore’s coronavirus-related linguistic and semiotic landscape","authors":"Chonglong Gu","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0107","url":null,"abstract":"Access to languages is a human right and multilingual crisis communication is vital during a pandemic. Multilingual and (super)diverse Singapore features four official languages (English, Chinese, Malay, and Tamil), with English being a dominant lingua franca. Additionally, other minority/migrant languages are also spoken to varying degrees (e.g. Tagalog, Thai, Burmese, Hindi, Punjabi, and Nepali). Contributing to public health communication research, this study explores Singapore’s multilingual pandemic communication practices evidenced on its COVID-related linguistic landscape, drawing on real-world top-down and bottom-up signs (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 128). Top-down signs in Singapore are found to mostly feature English monolingualism or the four official languages. In comparison, Singapore’s bottom-up COVID-scape manifests in more scenarios. The findings are aligned with Singapore’s linguistic policy and existing pre-COVID linguistic ecology. What is conspicuously absent is that minority/migrant languages other than the four official languages are rarely represented. Despite Singapore's relative success in the anti-Covid journey overall, this raises questions of inclusiveness and accessibility and suggests that the city state needs to get out of its linguistic “comfort zone” and use a broader range of languages in crisis communication, especially considering the possibility of disease X and other future public health contingencies. The wider significance and ramifications of the study are also explored and discussed.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140927481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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