Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery最新文献

{"title":"The impact of fracture fragment displacement on sensory function recovery of the inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular angle fractures","authors":"Zhihui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the correlation between the initial, three-dimensionally quantified displacement of mandibular angle fractures and the prognosis of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) sensory function recovery following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included patients with unilateral mandibular angle fractures treated with ORIF between March 2022 and August 2025. Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the maximum 3-dimensional (3D) displacement of the fracture fragments. Patients were stratified into three groups based on displacement: mild (&lt;2 mm), moderate (2–5 mm), and severe (&gt;5 mm). IAN sensory function was systematically evaluated through objective tests (light touch, two-point discrimination, and pinprick) and subjective tests (Visual Analog Scale) at preoperative, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months follow-ups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors for complete sensory recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 128 patients were included: 45 in the mild, 52 in the moderate, and 31 in the severe displacement groups. The incidence of preoperative IAN sensory deficit was significantly higher in the severe group (67.7%) compared to the moderate (34.6%) and mild (11.1%) groups (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). At the 12-month follow-up, the complete recovery rates were 91.1%, 63.5%, and 22.6% for the mild, moderate, and severe groups, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression identified severe displacement (OR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03–0.29), moderate displacement (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11–0.71), and age&gt;40 years (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18–0.93) as independent negative predictors for complete sensory recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The initial 3D displacement of mandibular angle fractures is a significant predictor of IAN injury severity and postoperative sensory recovery. Preoperative quantitative assessment using CBCT may aid in personalized prognosis, patient counseling, and surgical planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillofacial ballistic injuries: A 13-year single-institution experience","authors":"Sebastian Leander Stein ,&nbsp;Boris Kos ,&nbsp;Emil Dediol ,&nbsp;Željko Orihovac","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Maxillofacial ballistic and pyrotechnic injuries represent complex reconstructive challenges due to severe bone and soft tissue loss, infection risk, and high demands for both function and aesthetics. Recent trends favour early, definitive reconstruction with vascularized tissue, but optimal timing and outcomes remain controversial.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Patients with ballistic or pyrotechnic facial injuries treated between 2010 and 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Data included mechanism of injury, anatomical and soft tissue regions involved, reconstructive approaches, complications, and long-term functional and aesthetic outcomes. Major reconstruction was performed with free or regional pectoralis major flaps, classified as early (first hospitalization) or delayed (secondary hospitalization). Complications were defined as events requiring surgical intervention. Functional status was additionally reported by a modified Head and Neck Functional Integrity Scale (HNC-FIT), and aesthetic satisfaction by Visual Analog Scale (VAS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All seventeen patients suffered combined bone and soft tissue injuries; 71% were suicide attempts. The majority had midfacial and mandibular fractures, often requiring complex reconstruction. Free flaps were frequently used, with the osteofasciocutaneous radial forearm free flap (ORFFF) and fibula free flap (FFF) being most common. Significant complications occurred in 58.8% of patients, mainly infections and osteosynthetic material exposure. Early major reconstruction was associated with fewer and later-occurring complications compared to delayed reconstruction. Patients with lateral defects achieved better HNC-FIT scores and higher VAS satisfaction than those with central defects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early, definitive reconstruction is associated with fewer complications and superior long-term outcomes. Bone defects were reconstructed with bony free flaps. For complex central facial regions local flaps are essential to preserve anatomical integrity and achieve satisfactory functional and aesthetic results. Other subunits frequently require tailored combinations of techniques along the reconstructive ladder to address complex defects effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparity in operation decision in Maxillofacial surgery: Influence of gender and social status","authors":"Laure Franchomme,&nbsp;Aurore Loretti,&nbsp;Romain Nicot","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on the use of ChatGPT in oral and maxillofacial surgery","authors":"Jiayi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145893508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total lower lip and chin replantation following a trampoline accident: Rescue surgery with intensive leech therapy","authors":"V Sounthakith ,&nbsp;A Schweitzer-Chaput ,&nbsp;A Picard ,&nbsp;J Prebot ,&nbsp;A Galland ,&nbsp;C Neiva-Vaz ,&nbsp;RH Khonsari","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lip amputations in children may require urgent microsurgical management. Here we report a salvage procedure with partial survival following lower lip and chin replantation after a trampoline accident. Total amputation was managed with inferior labial artery anastomosis; however, venous drainage was not reestablished, necessitating leech therapy. Despite arterial revisions, 75 % of the lip and 25 % of the chin were lost by post-operative day 14. Reconstruction with a combined right Karapandzic flap and left Camille Bernard flap was performed one month later, supplemented by mesotherapy and nanofat injections. The outcome was marked by residual microstomia. These injuries are rare in children, often caused by dog bites. Venous anastomosis is frequently unfeasible, with leech therapy critical for drainage. When replantation is partially successful, reconstruction may involve local flaps or free tissue transfers. Microsurgical expertise, access to leech therapy and close collaboration with intensivists are essential for optimizing outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of heterodimeric G protein G12 family on proliferation, migration, and invasion in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells","authors":"Tao-li Fang,&nbsp;Xiao-xia Ma,&nbsp;Sen Yang,&nbsp;Xue-hua Ma,&nbsp;Jiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To characterize the expression of G12 subfamily members (GNA13 and GNA12) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to evaluate their functional roles in regulating OSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Public bioinformatic resources were interrogated to profile GNA12 and GNA13 expression and associated functional pathways. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 102 OSCC and 48 adjacent non‑neoplastic tissue specimens, with correlation analyses against clinicopathological parameters and patient survival. Protein and transcript levels were validated in OSCC cell lines by Western blotting and RT‑qPCR. Loss‑of‑function studies using siRNA were followed by CCK‑8, colony formation, Transwell migration/invasion and wound‑healing assays to assess cellular phenotypes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bioinformatic analyses showed significant upregulation of GNA13 and GNA12 in OSCC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and enrichment of Rho-mediated signalling pathways. Immunohistochemistry confirmed increased GNA13 and GNA12 expression in tumour tissues compared with adjacent mucosa (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). GNA13 expression correlated with tumour differentiation (<em>P</em> = 0.013) and nodal metastasis (<em>P</em> = 0.033), whereas GNA12 expression correlated with tumour differentiation (<em>P</em> = 0.010) and clinical stage (<em>P</em> = 0.027). Overexpression of both genes was associated with poorer overall survival (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Elevated expression in OSCC cell lines was validated by Western blot and RT-qPCR. Functional assays demonstrated that siRNA-mediated knockdown of GNA13 or GNA12 significantly reduced cell viability, colony formation, migration and invasion compared with controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated expressions of GNA13 and GNA12 in OSCC tumor tissues and cells are associated with poor patient prognosis. Targeted knockout of GNA13 and GNA12 effectively suppresses malignant behaviors of OSCC, including cell proliferation, migration abilities, and invasive potential. The G12 subfamily may represent a novel therapeutic target for OSCC treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening tools and strategies for early detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders in rural and low-resource populations: A systematic review","authors":"Amrinderbir Singh ,&nbsp;Gabriela Beraldo Dalben ,&nbsp;Nizar Adio ,&nbsp;Matheus de Castro Costa ,&nbsp;Marina Lara de Carli ,&nbsp;Marcella Ogenchuk ,&nbsp;Felipe Fornias Sperandio","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral cancer and its precursor lesions, known as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), present significant public health challenges due to high morbidity and mortality rates. These issues are particularly pronounced in rural and remote populations, where access to specialized care and early diagnostic services is limited. Socioeconomic disparities, healthcare provider shortages, and geographic isolation contribute to delayed diagnoses and poorer outcomes in these settings. This systematic review evaluated 40 studies focused on early detection strategies for OPMDs and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in underserved populations, particularly in rural and low-resource environments. Across 136,257 participants, the review identified diverse screening tools including oral visual examinations, toluidine blue staining, autofluorescence, chemiluminescence, mobile health (mHealth) applications, and artificial intelligence (AI)-based image analysis. The use of low-cost, portable, and technology-driven tools, especially those enabling remote diagnosis and task-sharing with frontline health workers, showed promise in increasing diagnostic accuracy and screening reach. However, variability in performance, training needs, and follow-up adherence remain key limitations. The review also highlighted widespread use of community-based strategies and the value of interdisciplinary collaboration, particularly where dental specialists are not readily available. Innovative, context-sensitive screening tools supported by interdisciplinary networks hold strong potential to enhance early detection of OPMDs and OSCC in rural and underserved communities. Mobile technologies and AI applications are emerging as practical adjuncts to traditional screening methods. To optimize impact, future efforts should prioritize validation of these tools against histopathological standards and the integration of trained non-specialist health workers in community-based screening programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145598548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and application of Tai Chi modification of the contralateral submental flap","authors":"Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Dongpo Li ,&nbsp;Fengzhi Liu ,&nbsp;Haijun Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiurong Chen ,&nbsp;Shuangyi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tai Chi flap began as a novel design for a radial forearm flap. There have been no reports of submental island Tai Chi flap. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of the Tai Chi modification of the submental flap in the repair of tongue cancer-related defects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This project was designed as a retrospective cohort study. Clinical data of patients who underwent contralateral Tai Chi modification of the submental flap repair after tongue cancer resection at our institution from April 2024 to April 2025 were retrospectively analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort consisted of 4 patients (3 males and 1 female). No significant postoperative flap necrosis was seen, with only 1 case of tip bruising. In terms of tension in the donor area, the patients self-reported no significant tension in the neck, and no incision cracking was seen after suture removal on the 7th postoperative day. The patient's tongue function recovered well after surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The submental island Tai Chi modification of the submental flap reconstructs tongue cancer defects with good postoperative functional recovery. And with low neck tension, the neck suture can be removed earlier.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative prognostic modeling and mediation analysis of recurrence risk in extremely early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Yi-quan Chen ,&nbsp;Hai-jun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite complete surgical resection, recurrence remains a substantial challenge in patients with early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). Conventional TNM staging does not fully capture the biological heterogeneity underlying relapse. This study aimed to develop an individualized recurrence-prediction model integrating clinicopathologic, immune, and spatial factors, and to evaluate the potential mediating role of perineural invasion (PNI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 451 patients with stage I–II OSCC treated at Xiangya Hospital between 2018 and 2025. Twenty-three clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical variables were initially screened using LASSO regression. Independent predictors of recurrence were subsequently identified through multivariable Cox analysis. A nomogram was constructed based on the final Cox model and internally validated using Harrell’s C-index, time-dependent AUCs, and 1,000-bootstrap calibration. Risk stratification was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves, and mediation analysis was used to determine whether PNI mediated the effects of tumor grade, P53 status, and age on recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six independent predictors were incorporated into the final model: tumor grade, PNI, postoperative lymphocyte nadir, tumor-to-midline distance, pathological stage, and P53 status. The model demonstrated good discrimination (C-index = 0.79) and strong time-dependent predictive accuracy (AUCs: 0.819, 0.825, and 0.807 at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively). Calibration curves showed excellent agreement between predicted and observed recurrence probabilities. Risk stratification based on the nomogram clearly separated patients into low- and high-risk groups (log-rank p &lt; 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that PNI partially mediated the effects of tumor grade (proportion mediated = 29.6%) and P53 status (7.7%) on recurrence, whereas age exhibited no significant mediation through PNI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This integrated prognostic model combines immune recovery, spatial invasion, and molecular features to accurately predict recurrence in early-stage OSCC. The partial mediation of tumor aggressiveness through PNI highlights a biological pathway linking tumor phenotype to recurrence risk. The proposed nomogram provides a clinically applicable tool for postoperative risk stratification and may assist in tailoring surveillance strategies and individualized adjuvant treatment decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squamous cell carcinoma in the lacrimal sac presenting as proptosis: a case report","authors":"Milan Martinez Sanchez ,&nbsp;Annelies Kerckhofs ,&nbsp;Elke Van de Casteele ,&nbsp;Lukas Vaes ,&nbsp;Wouter De Vos","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key Clinical Message</h3><div>Lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare, and treatment guidelines remain unclear. In select cases, wide en bloc resection combined with prosthetic rehabilitation may offer the best outcomes. This case report advocates a multidisciplinary, consensus-driven approach centered on patient outcomes, with the use of a 3D printed skull with the benefits of gaining insight and providing visualisation pre-operatively. In addition, we want to emphasise the importance of speed in diagnosis and treatment in this report, in order to ensure optimal care.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>Lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma is a rare epithelial malignancy often misdiagnosed as chronic dacryocystitis, delaying treatment. This article reports a pT4bN2bM0 case in a 67-year-old man treated with wide en bloc resection, yielding clear margins (&gt;6 mm) and found after 4 months from initial symptoms. A 3D-printed skull model aided preoperative visualization. Histology revealed lymphovascular invasion and broad nests of atypical squamous cells with dyskeratosis and necrosis, confirming lacrimal origin. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed. At 21 months follow-up, no signs of local, regional, or distant recurrence were observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}