Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery最新文献_第3页

CEACAM1 regulates autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma through the PPAR signaling pathway CEACAM1通过PPAR信号通路调控口腔鳞状细胞癌的自噬。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102676

Sai Ma, Zhonghua Wang, Chao Li, Zhenli Liu, Xuan Zhang

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as one of the most common malignant tumors in the head and neck region, has a complex and diverse pathogenesis. An increasing number of studies indicate that cellular autophagy plays a significant role in the occurrence, development, and treatment of tumors. However, the specific mechanisms of autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma are not yet fully understood.

Methods

This study is based on the oral squamous cell carcinoma dataset GSE222673, and has conducted a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) on the whole genome, aiming to find potential enriched pathways among non-differentially expressed genes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify key modules and determine the key hub genes within the modules. The experimental part employed Western Blot to verify the expression changes and functional roles of core molecules in OSCC cells.

Results

GSEA indicates that non-differentially expressed genes are enriched in mitochondrial autophagy, PPAR, Toll-like receptor, and MTOR signaling pathways. WGCNA identified 3794 hub genes, including the CEACAM1 gene. Further Western Blot experiments indicate that in OSCC cells, the CEACAM1 gene has a negative regulatory effect on the PPAR signaling pathway, and changes in its expression levels affect the upregulation or downregulation of key molecules PPAR, ILK, and PDK1. Furthermore, the overexpression of the CEACAM1 gene can promote the expression of autophagy-related molecules such as PINK1, Parkin, LC3I, LC3II, and mitochondrial fusion-related proteins OPA1, MFN2, as well as mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins NRF1, TFAM in OSCC cells. The overexpression of the CEACAM1 gene inhibits the expression of mitochondrial fission-related proteins and promotes the expression of apoptosis-related proteins.

Conclusions

CEACAM1 regulates the PPAR signaling pathway key molecules, affecting OSCC cell autophagy, mitochondrial balance, and apoptosis.

背景：口腔鳞状细胞癌（Oral squamous cell carcinoma， OSCC）是头颈部最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其发病机制复杂多样。越来越多的研究表明，细胞自噬在肿瘤的发生、发展和治疗中起着重要的作用。然而，自噬在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的具体机制尚不完全清楚。方法：本研究基于口腔鳞状细胞癌数据集GSE222673，对全基因组进行基因集富集分析（GSEA），旨在寻找非差异表达基因中潜在的富集途径。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）用于识别关键模块，并确定模块内的关键枢纽基因。实验部分采用Western Blot验证核心分子在OSCC细胞中的表达变化及功能作用。结果：GSEA显示非差异表达基因在线粒体自噬、PPAR、toll样受体和MTOR信号通路中富集。WGCNA鉴定出3794个枢纽基因，包括CEACAM1基因。进一步的Western Blot实验表明，在OSCC细胞中，CEACAM1基因对PPAR信号通路具有负调控作用，其表达水平的变化影响关键分子PPAR、ILK和PDK1的上调或下调。此外，CEACAM1基因的过表达可以促进自噬相关分子如PINK1、Parkin、LC3I、LC3II，以及线粒体融合相关蛋白OPA1、MFN2，以及线粒体生物发生相关蛋白NRF1、TFAM的表达。CEACAM1基因的过表达抑制线粒体分裂相关蛋白的表达，促进凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结论：CEACAM1调控PPAR信号通路关键分子，影响OSCC细胞自噬、线粒体平衡和凋亡。

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引用次数: 0

Chatbot content analysis of patient information on orthodontic tooth extractions 聊天机器人内容分析正畸拔牙患者信息。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102675

Şule Gökmen , Ebru Yurdakurban , Kübra Gülnur Topsakal , Gökhan Serhat Duran

Introduction

This study aims to evaluate the quality, accuracy, readability, and understandability of patient information provided by various Artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots regarding orthodontic tooth extractions

Materials and methods

Two researchers created a list of questions for patients to ask the chatbots. The questions were categorized into ‘Pre-extraction’ and ‘Post-extraction’, with 20 questions in each category. Four different criteria were used to evaluate the chatbot responses to 40 questions: the Global Quality Scale (GQS), the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and the Understandability and Accuracy Index. Jamovi (The Jamovi Project, 2022, version 2.3; Sydney, Australia) software was used for all statistical analyses.

Results

The highest mean values were observed in Claude 3.5 sonnet for GQS, Readability, and Accuracy Index. In terms of readability, as measured by the SMOG index, all three AI-based chatbots required a college-level education for comprehension. In the 'Pre-extraction' and 'Post-extraction' sections, Claude 3.5 Sonnet demonstrated the highest mean values for the GQS, readability, and accuracy indices. In terms of Understandability subcriteria 1 and 2, statistically significant differences were observed among the three chatbots, primarily due to the variation between Gemini and Claude 3.5 Sonnet.

Conclusion

AI-based chatbots with a variety of features have generally provided answers of high quality, reliability, and difficult readability to questions. Although the medical information related to orthodontic tooth extraction supplied by chatbots is of higher quality, it is recommended that individuals consult their healthcare professionals on this issue.

本研究旨在评估各种基于人工智能（AI）的聊天机器人提供的关于正畸拔牙的患者信息的质量、准确性、可读性和可理解性。材料和方法：两位研究人员创建了患者向聊天机器人提问的问题列表。这些问题被分为“提取前”和“提取后”，每个类别有20个问题。研究人员使用了四种不同的标准来评估聊天机器人对40个问题的回答：全球质量量表（GQS）、官样文章简单衡量量表（SMOG）以及可理解性和准确性指数。所有统计分析均使用Jamovi （The Jamovi Project, 2022, version 2.3; Sydney, Australia）软件。结果：Claude 3.5十四行诗GQS、可读性和准确性指数的平均值最高。在可读性方面，根据烟雾指数的衡量，这三个基于人工智能的聊天机器人都需要大学水平的教育才能理解。在“预提取”和“提取后”部分，Claude 3.5 Sonnet在GQS、可读性和准确性指标上显示出最高的平均值。在可理解性子标准1和2方面，三种聊天机器人之间存在统计学上的显著差异，主要是由于Gemini和Claude 3.5 Sonnet之间的差异。结论：基于人工智能的聊天机器人具有多种功能，通常能够提供高质量、可靠、难读的问题答案。虽然聊天机器人提供的与正畸拔牙相关的医疗信息质量更高，但建议个人在这个问题上咨询他们的医疗保健专业人员。

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引用次数: 0

The use of the mental foramen as a guide for marginal mandibulectomy in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with tumor-free margins: experience of 15 years 颏孔为指导无瘤缘口腔鳞状细胞癌患者下颌骨边缘切除术：15年的经验。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102701

Luz Walker , Matthias Schlund , Claire Majoufre , Justine Duvernay

Background

Preserving an adequate residual mandibular height during marginal mandibulectomy is essential to reduce the risk of postoperative fracture while maintaining oncologic safety in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of marginal mandibulectomy guided by the mental foramen and to assess its relevance as an anatomical landmark for osteotomy.

Material and methods

Patients treated for OSCC by marginal mandibulectomy with localization of the mental foramen between 2007 and 2022 were retrospectively included. The primary endpoint was bone resection margin status. Secondary endpoints included local recurrence-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival. An anatomical analysis of the mental foramen position relative to the inferior osteotomy line was performed using postoperative computed tomography.

Results

A total of 150 patients met all inclusion criteria. Clear bone margins (R0) were achieved in 98 % of cases. Bone invasion (pT4) was observed in 41.3 % of patients. At 5 years, local recurrence-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival were consistent with outcomes reported for selected OSCC treated by marginal mandibulectomy. No immediate postoperative mandibular fractures were observed. The inferior osteotomy line showed a consistent relationship with the mental foramen.

Conclusion

Marginal mandibulectomy guided by the mental foramen allows reproducible bone resection while achieving satisfactory oncologic outcomes. The mental foramen constitutes a reliable anatomical landmark for osteotomy in carefully selected patients with OSCC.

背景：对于口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者，在下颌边缘切除术中保留足够的下颌高度对于降低术后骨折风险和维持肿瘤安全至关重要。目的：本研究的目的是评估颏孔引导下颌骨边缘切除术的肿瘤学结果，并评估其作为截骨术的解剖学标志的相关性。材料和方法：回顾性分析2007年至2022年间接受下颌边缘切除术并颏孔定位治疗OSCC的患者。主要终点是骨切除边缘状态。次要终点包括局部无复发生存期、无病生存期和总生存期。使用术后计算机断层扫描对相对于下截骨线的颏孔位置进行解剖分析。结果：共有150例患者符合所有纳入标准。98%的病例骨缘清晰（R0）。41.3%的患者出现骨侵犯（pT4）。5年时，局部无复发生存期、无疾病生存期和总生存期与经下颌边缘切除术治疗的选择性OSCC报告的结果一致。术后未见下颌骨骨折。下截骨线与颏孔的关系一致。结论：颏孔引导下的下颌骨边缘切除术可获得满意的肿瘤治疗效果。在精心挑选的OSCC患者中，颏孔构成了可靠的截骨解剖学标志。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing AI-driven diagnostics for supernumerary teeth: data consistency and dataset balance 增强人工智能驱动的多余牙齿诊断：数据一致性和数据集平衡。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102671

Weihao Cheng , Hangyu Zhu

引用次数: 0

Comment on: “Refractory oral manifestations of Crohn's disease” 点评：“克罗恩病的难治性口腔表现”。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102664

Lucas Alves da Mota Santana , Carlos Eduardo Palanch Repeke , Rajiv Gandhi Gopalsamy , Juliana Batista Melo da Fonte , Lysandro Pinto Borges

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of bruxism in users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: A retrospective cross-sectional study 选择性5 -羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和5 -羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂使用者磨牙症的患病率：一项回顾性横断面研究。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102710

Isabela Menezes Santos , Emily Vieira Machado , Dhelfeson Willya Douglas de Oliveira , Olga Dumont Flecha , Brender Leonan-Silva

Introduction

Bruxism is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity, involving teeth clenching, grinding, and mandibular bracing or thrusting, occurring during wakefulness or sleep. Its multifactorial etiology includes neurophysiological, psychosocial, and pharmacological factors. Increasing evidence suggests an association between serotonergic antidepressants—especially SSRIs and SNRIs—and the onset or worsening of bruxism. This study aims to assess bruxism prevalence among SSRI/SNRI users and explore its correlation with demographic, occupational, and psychosocial factors.

Material and methods

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on clinical records of patients treated at the Temporomandibular Disorders Clinic of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (Brazil) between 2013 and 2024. Bruxism diagnosis was based on self-report and clinical evidence of tooth wear. Because the database spans years predating the publication of the STAB consensus, standardized STAB-based diagnostic protocols could not be retrospectively applied. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square and logistic regression (α = 0.05).

Results

Among 583 patients evaluated, 400 (68.6%) presented signs of bruxism. Fifty-three (9.1%) were SSRI/SNRI users, of whom 43 (81.1%) exhibited bruxism. Logistic regression revealed that antidepressant users were 2.5 times more likely to present bruxism than non-users (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.21–5.23; p = 0.014). Occupational stress, particularly among students, was also significantly associated (OR = 1.77; p = 0.004). Axis II–related symptoms (stress, anxiety, and depression) showed no statistical significance.

Discussion

The use of serotonergic antidepressants, especially SSRIs, was significantly associated with bruxism. These findings underscore the importance of considering psychopharmacological and psychosocial factors in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of bruxism.

磨牙症是在清醒或睡眠时发生的一种重复性颚肌活动，包括咬牙、磨牙、下颌支撑或推牙。其多因素病因包括神经生理、社会心理和药理学因素。越来越多的证据表明，血清素类抗抑郁药——尤其是SSRIs和snris——与磨牙症的发病或恶化有关。本研究旨在评估磨牙症在SSRI/SNRI使用者中的患病率，并探讨其与人口统计学、职业和社会心理因素的相关性。材料和方法：回顾性横断面分析2013 - 2024年在巴西联邦大学XXXXXXXXXX颞下颌疾病诊所治疗的患者的临床记录。磨牙症的诊断是基于自我报告和牙齿磨损的临床证据。由于该数据库涵盖了STAB共识发表之前的数年，因此标准化的基于STAB的诊断方案无法回顾性应用。数据分析采用Pearson卡方和logistic回归（α = 0.05）。结果：583例患者中，400例（68.6%）出现磨牙症状。SSRI/SNRI使用者53例（9.1%），其中磨牙43例（81.1%）。Logistic回归显示，抗抑郁药服用者出现磨牙的可能性是非服用者的2.5倍（OR = 2.52;95% CI: 1.21-5.23; p = 0.014）。职业压力，尤其是学生，也显著相关（OR = 1.77;p = 0.004）。轴ii相关症状（压力、焦虑和抑郁）无统计学意义。讨论：5 -羟色胺类抗抑郁药的使用，尤其是SSRIs类抗抑郁药，与磨牙症显著相关。这些发现强调了在磨牙症的诊断和治疗管理中考虑精神药理学和社会心理因素的重要性。

{"title":"Prevalence of bruxism in users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: A retrospective cross-sectional study","authors":"Isabela Menezes Santos , Emily Vieira Machado , Dhelfeson Willya Douglas de Oliveira , Olga Dumont Flecha , Brender Leonan-Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2026.102710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Bruxism is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity, involving teeth clenching, grinding, and mandibular bracing or thrusting, occurring during wakefulness or sleep. Its multifactorial etiology includes neurophysiological, psychosocial, and pharmacological factors. Increasing evidence suggests an association between serotonergic antidepressants—especially SSRIs and SNRIs—and the onset or worsening of bruxism. This study aims to assess bruxism prevalence among SSRI/SNRI users and explore its correlation with demographic, occupational, and psychosocial factors.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on clinical records of patients treated at the Temporomandibular Disorders Clinic of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (Brazil) between 2013 and 2024. Bruxism diagnosis was based on self-report and clinical evidence of tooth wear. Because the database spans years predating the publication of the STAB consensus, standardized STAB-based diagnostic protocols could not be retrospectively applied. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square and logistic regression (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 583 patients evaluated, 400 (68.6%) presented signs of bruxism. Fifty-three (9.1%) were SSRI/SNRI users, of whom 43 (81.1%) exhibited bruxism. Logistic regression revealed that antidepressant users were 2.5 times more likely to present bruxism than non-users (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.21–5.23; <em>p</em> = 0.014). Occupational stress, particularly among students, was also significantly associated (OR = 1.77; <em>p</em> = 0.004). Axis II–related symptoms (stress, anxiety, and depression) showed no statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The use of serotonergic antidepressants, especially SSRIs, was significantly associated with bruxism. These findings underscore the importance of considering psychopharmacological and psychosocial factors in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of bruxism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145936223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep neck infections caused by foreign bodies: Literature review 异物引起的深颈部感染：文献综述

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102669

Hiroki Kimura , Eiji Iwata , Joe Iwanaga , Chizuru Kobayashi , Yuki Kunisada , Norie Yoshioka , Akira Tachibana , Masaya Akashi , Soichiro Ibaragi

Background

Deep neck infections (DNIs) are potentially life-threatening diseases that are mainly caused by odontogenic and peritonsillar infections. Although DNI has also been reported to be caused by foreign bodies, no review articles exist to date.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed for articles published between 2005 and 2025.

Results

A total of 131 relevant articles were identified. Frequently reported foreign bodies included injectable materials used in facial filler and fish bone. The latency to symptom onset varied widely, ranging from within 1 h after foreign body insertion to as long as 25 years, with substantial differences observed depending on the type of foreign body.

Conclusion

Although foreign bodies are rare causes of DNIs, various type of foreign bodies have been reported. Recognizing the possibilities of DNIs caused by foreign bodies will help oral and maxillofacial surgeons to search for the cause rapidly and determine treatment plans and prevent recurrence.

深颈部感染（DNIs）是一种潜在的危及生命的疾病，主要由牙源性和牙周感染引起。尽管也有报道称DNI是由外国机构引起的，但迄今为止尚无评论文章。方法利用PubMed对2005 ~ 2025年间发表的文献进行综合检索。结果共鉴定出相关文献131篇。经常报道的异物包括用于面部填充物和鱼骨的注射材料。症状发作的潜伏期差异很大，从异物插入后1小时到长达25年不等，根据异物的类型有很大差异。结论虽然异物是引起DNIs的罕见原因，但各种类型的异物均有报道。认识到由异物引起的DNIs的可能性将有助于口腔颌面外科医生迅速寻找病因，确定治疗方案并防止复发。

{"title":"Deep neck infections caused by foreign bodies: Literature review","authors":"Hiroki Kimura , Eiji Iwata , Joe Iwanaga , Chizuru Kobayashi , Yuki Kunisada , Norie Yoshioka , Akira Tachibana , Masaya Akashi , Soichiro Ibaragi","doi":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Deep neck infections (DNIs) are potentially life-threatening diseases that are mainly caused by odontogenic and peritonsillar infections. Although DNI has also been reported to be caused by foreign bodies, no review articles exist to date.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed for articles published between 2005 and 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 131 relevant articles were identified. Frequently reported foreign bodies included injectable materials used in facial filler and fish bone. The latency to symptom onset varied widely, ranging from within 1 h after foreign body insertion to as long as 25 years, with substantial differences observed depending on the type of foreign body.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although foreign bodies are rare causes of DNIs, various type of foreign bodies have been reported. Recognizing the possibilities of DNIs caused by foreign bodies will help oral and maxillofacial surgeons to search for the cause rapidly and determine treatment plans and prevent recurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"127 3","pages":"Article 102669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL-1) expression in the oral mucosa of smokeless tobacco users from a low and middle-income country 程序性死亡配体1 （PDL-1）在中低收入国家无烟烟草使用者口腔黏膜中的表达

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102665

Shella S , Najma Baseer , Muhammad Shahzad , Sana Safi

Background

Smokeless tobacco use is one of the most common causes of oral cancer globally. Naswar, a type of locally manufactured smokeless tobacco product in Pakistan is also associated with high risk of oral cancer but the underlying mechanism of carcinogenicity is not known. Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PDL-1) is a crucial protein in immune response regulation, particularly in cancer, and its role in Naswar users' oral mucosa remains poorly understood.

Objective

To investigate PDL-1 expression in the oral mucosa of Naswar users, elucidating its potential implications for oral health and cancer development.

Methodology

This lab-based comparative observational study involves male Naswar users and non-users (n = 50 each group) from Peshawar, Pakistan. Following a written informed consent, data on demographics, Naswar usage and oral health and hygiene practices were collected using standardized questionnaires. Clinical examinations, cytological smears, and saliva samples were obtained for analysis. Immunohistochemistry techniques were employed to assess PDL-1 expression in oral mucosa cells, and for statistical analyses SPSS-v27 was used to analyze the association between the Naswar usage and PDL-1 expression profile.

Results

Naswar users exhibited lower adherence to oral hygiene practices compared to non-users. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed varying levels of PDL-1 expression among Naswar users, with 86 % showing no expression, 10 % demonstrating weak expression, and 4 % exhibiting moderate expression, with a significant difference of p = 0.023, in contrast to non-users. Additionally, no significant association was found between oral hygiene status and PDL-1 expression among naswar users.

Conclusion

Naswar users exhibited higher levels of PD-L1, potentially suggesting a heightened immunomodulatory response or adaptive mechanism the immune system employs to dampen immune responses and maintain tissue homeostasis in the face of chronic irritation and potential cellular damage caused by toxic Naswar constituents.

背景：无烟烟草使用是全球口腔癌最常见的原因之一。巴基斯坦当地生产的一种无烟烟草产品Naswar也与口腔癌的高风险有关，但其潜在的致癌性机制尚不清楚。程序性死亡配体1 （Programmed Death-Ligand 1, PDL-1）是免疫反应调控的关键蛋白，特别是在癌症中，其在Naswar使用者口腔黏膜中的作用尚不清楚。目的：研究Naswar使用者口腔黏膜中PDL-1的表达，阐明其对口腔健康和癌症发展的潜在影响。方法：这项基于实验室的比较观察研究涉及来自巴基斯坦白沙瓦的男性纳斯瓦尔用户和非用户（每组n =50）。在获得书面知情同意后，使用标准化问卷收集了有关人口统计、纳斯瓦尔使用情况以及口腔健康和卫生习惯的数据。临床检查，细胞学涂片和唾液样本进行分析。采用免疫组织化学技术评估口腔黏膜细胞中PDL-1的表达，统计学分析采用SPSS-v27分析Naswar的使用与PDL-1表达谱的关系。结果：与非使用者相比，纳斯瓦尔使用者对口腔卫生习惯的依从性较低。免疫组织化学分析显示，在Naswar使用者中，PDL-1表达水平不同，86%的人无表达，10%的人表达弱，4%的人表达中度，与非使用者相比，差异有统计学意义p=0.023。此外，口腔卫生状况与纳斯瓦尔使用者中PDL-1的表达之间没有显著的关联。结论：纳斯瓦尔使用者表现出更高水平的PD-L1，可能表明免疫系统在面对慢性刺激和有毒纳斯瓦尔成分引起的潜在细胞损伤时，免疫系统采用增强的免疫调节反应或适应性机制来抑制免疫反应并维持组织稳态。

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引用次数: 0

Ameloblastoma in Chongqing children and adolescents: a review of 16 cases 重庆儿童青少年成釉细胞瘤16例报告。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102687

Ying Xu, Xiao-Juan Fu, Li Xiang, Wan-Shan Li

Background

Ameloblastoma is a benign tumor of odontogenic epithelial origin, characterized by local aggression and a high recurrence rate in adults. Although rare in children, it accounts for 10 to 15 % of all ameloblastoma cases. However, a consensus on the clinicopathological features and treatment protocols for this condition remains lacking.

Purpose

This study aims to summarize the clinicopathological characteristics of ameloblastoma in pediatric patients within the oral and maxillofacial regions.

Methods

Clinical, radiological, and histological data from sixteen pediatric patients who underwent surgical curettage followed by pathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

The cohort comprised 11 males and 5 females, yielding a male-to-female ratio of 2.1:1. Patient age at diagnosis ranged from 2 to 13 years (mean age: 7.6 years). Lesions were located in the maxilla in two cases and the mandible in fourteen. Within the mandible, lesions were predominantly found in the posterior teeth region (7 cases, 50.0 %), followed by the mandibular angle (3 cases, 21.43 %), the angle and ramus (1 case, 7.14 %), the ramus (1 case, 7.14 %), the midline of the mandible (1 case, 7.14 %), and the anterior mandible (1 case, 7.14 %). Painless swelling was the most common symptom, observed in 9 of 16 patients (56.25 %). All patients were treated surgically. Radiological findings revealed unilocular lesions in 14 cases, while 2 cases exhibited multilocular lesions. Histologically, 14 cases presented with the solid type, and 2 cases with the unicystic type. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 1 to 81 months, with one recurrence.

Conclusions

The recurrence rate of ameloblastoma in children is relatively low. Unicystic ameloblastoma is more prevalent in this population. Simple surgical curettage typically results in a favorable prognosis with minimal recurrence. Early and accurate recognition of the disease’s clinical, radiological, and histological features is critical in reducing misdiagnosis.

背景：成釉细胞瘤是一种牙源性上皮性良性肿瘤，在成人中具有局部侵袭性和高复发率。虽然在儿童中很少见，但它占所有成釉细胞瘤病例的10%至15%。然而，对这种情况的临床病理特征和治疗方案仍然缺乏共识。目的：总结口腔颌面部儿童成釉细胞瘤的临床病理特点。方法：回顾性分析16例手术刮除后病理诊断为成釉细胞瘤的患儿的临床、影像学和组织学资料。结果：该队列包括11名男性和5名女性，男女比例为2.1:1。诊断时患者年龄从2岁到12岁不等（平均年龄：7.6岁）。病变位于上颌骨2例，下颌骨14例。下颌骨内病变以后牙区为主（7例，50.0%），其次为下颌角（3例，21.43%）、牙角及支（1例，7.14%）、支（1例，7.14%）、下颌中线（1例，7.14%）、前颌骨（1例，7.14%）。无痛性肿胀是最常见的症状，16例患者中有9例（56.25%）出现无痛性肿胀。所有患者均行手术治疗。影像学表现为单眼病变14例，多房病变2例。组织学表现为实型14例，单囊型2例。术后随访1 ~ 81个月，复发1例。结论：儿童成釉细胞瘤的复发率较低。单囊性成釉细胞瘤在这一人群中更为普遍。简单的手术刮除通常预后良好，复发最小。早期和准确识别疾病的临床、放射学和组织学特征是减少误诊的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Success rate of dental implants in HIV patients: an overview of systematic reviews HIV患者种植牙的成功率：系统综述。

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102685

Ana Waleska Pessôa Barros de AGUIAR , Pedro Henrique da Hora SALES , Marco MELETI , Alessandra Albuquerque Tavares CARVALHO , Paolo VESCOV , Jair Carneiro LEÃO

Aims: To identify whether individuals with positive serology for HIV have a higher risk of losing the dental implant for this treatment. Methods and results: This study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and registered in the international prospective registry of systematic reviews, PROSPERO. The databases consulted were MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, DARE Cochrane, LILACS, Base, and Google Scholar. The search descriptors: “HIV,” “dental implants” and “AIDS” were used. To assess methodological quality, the AMSTAR 2 tool was used, and the entire process was reviewed in pairs, in addition, a third evaluator was consulted in case of disagreement. Four systematic reviews were included, encompassing 1239 implants in 450 patients with positive serology for HIV. Success rate of the dental implants was 94.72%, with a standard deviation of 0.455%. Three were classified as critically low-quality and one as moderate-quality. Conclusion: Similar implant survival rates were observed in HIV-negative patients. Therefore, the disease itself does not appear to have a significant influence on osseointegration. New controlled studies with low bias and high methodological quality are needed to ensure rehabilitation with dental implants with greater predictability and safety for HIV individuals.

目的：确定艾滋病毒血清学阳性的个体是否有更高的风险失去种植体进行这种治疗。方法和结果：本研究按照PRISMA指南进行，并在国际前瞻性系统评价注册中心PROSPERO注册。参考的数据库包括MEDLINE、PubMed、Scopus、DARE Cochrane、LILACS、Base和谷歌Scholar。搜索描述符是：“HIV”、“植牙”和“艾滋病”。为了评估方法的质量，使用了AMSTAR 2工具，对整个过程进行了成对的审查，此外，如果有分歧，还咨询了第三个评估者。纳入了四项系统评价，包括450例HIV血清学阳性患者的1,239例植入物。种植体成功率为94.72%，标准差为0.455%。其中三个被归类为极低质量，一个被归类为中等质量。结论：hiv阴性患者种植体存活率相近。因此，疾病本身似乎对骨整合没有显著影响。需要新的低偏倚和高方法学质量的对照研究，以确保对艾滋病毒个体具有更大的可预测性和安全性的牙种植体康复。

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