Lancet Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Changes in opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: an interrupted time-series analysis in the OpenSAFELY-TTP cohort.","authors":"Andrea L Schaffer, Colm D Andrews, Andrew D Brown, Richard Croker, William J Hulme, Linda Nab, Jane Quinlan, Victoria Speed, Christopher Wood, Milan Wiedemann, Jon Massey, Peter Inglesby, Seb C J Bacon, Amir Mehrkar, Chris Bates, Ben Goldacre, Alex J Walker, Brian MacKenna","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00100-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00100-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health-care delivery, including difficulty accessing in-person care, which could have increased the need for strong pharmacological pain relief. Due to the risks associated with overprescribing of opioids, especially to vulnerable populations, we aimed to quantify changes to measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, overall, and by key subgroups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this interrupted time-series analysis study conducted in England, with National Health Service England approval, we used routine clinical data from more than 20 million general practice adult patients in OpenSAFELY-TPP, which is a a secure software platform for analysis of electronic health records. We included all adults registered with a primary care practice using TPP-SystmOne software. Using interrupted time-series analysis, we quantified prevalent and new opioid prescribing before the COVID-19 pandemic (January, 2018-February, 2020), during the lockdown (March, 2020-March, 2021), and recovery periods (April, 2021-June, 2022), overall and stratified by demographics (age, sex, deprivation, ethnicity, and geographical region) and in people in care homes identified via an address-matching algorithm.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>There was little change in prevalent prescribing during the pandemic, except for a temporary increase in March, 2020. We observed a 9·8% (95% CI -14·5 to -6·5) reduction in new opioid prescribing from March, 2020, with a levelling of the downward trend, and rebounding slightly after April, 2021 (4·1%, 95% CI -0·9 to 9·4). Opioid prescribing rates varied by demographics, but we found a reduction in new prescribing for all subgroups except people aged 80 years or older. Among care home residents, in April, 2020, parenteral opioid prescribing increased by 186·3% (153·1 to 223·9).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Opioid prescribing increased temporarily among older people and care home residents, likely reflecting use to treat end-of-life COVID-19 symptoms. Despite vulnerable populations being more affected by health-care disruptions, disparities in opioid prescribing by most demographic subgroups did not widen during the pandemic. Further research is needed to understand what is driving the changes in new opioid prescribing and its relation to changes to health-care provision during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>The Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, The National Institute for Health and Care Research, UK Research and Innovation, and Health Data Research UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"9 7","pages":"e432-e442"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing risks of dementia and brain health concerns.","authors":"Abolfazl Avan, Vladimir Hachinski","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00123-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00123-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"9 7","pages":"e414-e415"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National approaches to reduce mortality after prison release.","authors":"Chrianna Bharat, Michael Farrell","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00105-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00105-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"9 7","pages":"e412-e413"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of public health doctoral education in Africa: transforming higher education institutions to enhance research and practice.","authors":"Justine Bukenya, Derege Kebede, Henry Mwambi, Muhammed Pate, Philip Adongo, Yemane Berhane, Chelsey R Canavan, Tobias Chirwa, Olufunmilayo I Fawole, David Guwatudde, Elizabeth Jackson, Isabel Madzorera, Mosa Moshabela, Ayoade M J Oduola, Bruno Sunguya, Amadou Sall, Tajudeen Raji, Wafaie Fawzi","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00056-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00056-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The African Union and the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Call to Action in 2022 for Africa's New Public Health Order that underscored the need for increased capacity in the public health workforce. Additional domestic and global investments in public health workforce development are central to achieving the aspirations of Agenda 2063 of the African Union, which aims to build and accelerate the implementation of continental frameworks for equitable, people-centred growth and development. Recognising the crucial role of higher education and research, we assessed the capabilities of public health doctoral training in schools and programmes of public health in Africa across three conceptual components: instructional, institutional, and external. Six inter-related and actionable recommendations were derived to advance doctoral training, research, and practice capacity within and between universities. These can be achieved through equitable partnerships between universities, research centres, and national, regional, and global public health institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"e523-e532"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11209668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2023; 8: e1016-24.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00130-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00130-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"9 7","pages":"e420"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11252115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2024 Europe report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: unprecedented warming demands unprecedented action.","authors":"Kim R van Daalen, Cathryn Tonne, Jan C Semenza, Joacim Rocklöv, Anil Markandya, Niheer Dasandi, Slava Jankin, Hicham Achebak, Joan Ballester, Hannah Bechara, Thessa M Beck, Max W Callaghan, Bruno M Carvalho, Jonathan Chambers, Marta Cirah Pradas, Orin Courtenay, Shouro Dasgupta, Matthew J Eckelman, Zia Farooq, Peter Fransson, Elisa Gallo, Olga Gasparyan, Nube Gonzalez-Reviriego, Ian Hamilton, Risto Hänninen, Charles Hatfield, Kehan He, Aleksandra Kazmierczak, Vladimir Kendrovski, Harry Kennard, Gregor Kiesewetter, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Hedi Katre Kriit, Alba Llabrés-Brustenga, Simon J Lloyd, Martín Lotto Batista, Carla Maia, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza, Zhifu Mi, Carles Milà, Jan C Minx, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Julia Palamarchuk, Dafni Kalatzi Pantera, Marcos Quijal-Zamorano, Peter Rafaj, Elizabeth J Z Robinson, Nacho Sánchez-Valdivia, Daniel Scamman, Oliver Schmoll, Maquins Odhiambo Sewe, Jodi D Sherman, Pratik Singh, Elena Sirotkina, Henrik Sjödin, Mikhail Sofiev, Balakrishnan Solaraju-Murali, Marco Springmann, Marina Treskova, Joaquin Triñanes, Eline Vanuytrecht, Fabian Wagner, Maria Walawender, Laura Warnecke, Ran Zhang, Marina Romanello, Josep M Antó, Maria Nilsson, Rachel Lowe","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00055-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00055-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"e495-e522"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11209670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2024; 9: e407-10.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00121-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00121-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"e420"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11209661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking prevalence following tobacco tax increases in Australia - Authors' reply.","authors":"Sarah Durkin, Michelle Scollo, Melanie Wakefield","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00095-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00095-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"9 7","pages":"e419"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking prevalence following tobacco tax increases in Australia.","authors":"Edward Jegasothy, Francis Markham","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00094-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00094-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"9 7","pages":"e418"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proactive surveillance for avian influenza H5N1 and other priority pathogens at mass gathering events.","authors":"Ziad A Memish, Rana F Kattan, Shahul H Ebrahim, Avinash Sharma, Esam I Azhar, Alimuddin Zumla","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00103-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00103-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"e350-e352"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}