Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.005
Zhao Chunfang, He Lei, Guan Ju, Luo Lei, Zhao Ling, Zhou Lihui, Yao Shu, Chen Tao, Zhu Zhen, Zhao Qingyong, Wang Cailin, Zhang Yadong
{"title":"Regulation of Yield and Eating and Cooking Quality in Rice Through Seed Albumin OsRAL5","authors":"Zhao Chunfang, He Lei, Guan Ju, Luo Lei, Zhao Ling, Zhou Lihui, Yao Shu, Chen Tao, Zhu Zhen, Zhao Qingyong, Wang Cailin, Zhang Yadong","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"Pages 6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.004
Wang Haoran, Chen Guoqing, Feng Guozhong
In rice fields, rice plants usually grow alongside wild weeds and are attacked by various invertebrate species. Viruses are abundant in plants and invertebrates, playing crucial ecological roles in controlling microbial abundance and maintaining community structures. To date, only 16 rice viruses have been documented in rice-growing regions. These viruses pose serious threats to rice production and have traditionally been identified only from rice plants and insect vectors by isolation techniques. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have made it feasible to discover viruses on a global scale. Recently, numerous viruses have been identified in plants and invertebrates using NGS technologies. In this review, we discuss viral studies in rice plants, invertebrate species, and weeds in rice fields. Many novel viruses have been discovered in rice ecosystems through NGS technologies, with some also detected using metatranscriptomic and small RNA sequencing. These analyses greatly expand our understanding of viruses in rice fields and provide valuable insights for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated rice diseases.
{"title":"Expanding Viral Diversity in Rice Fields by Next-Generation Sequencing","authors":"Wang Haoran, Chen Guoqing, Feng Guozhong","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In rice fields, rice plants usually grow alongside wild weeds and are attacked by various invertebrate species. Viruses are abundant in plants and invertebrates, playing crucial ecological roles in controlling microbial abundance and maintaining community structures. To date, only 16 rice viruses have been documented in rice-growing regions. These viruses pose serious threats to rice production and have traditionally been identified only from rice plants and insect vectors by isolation techniques. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have made it feasible to discover viruses on a global scale. Recently, numerous viruses have been identified in plants and invertebrates using NGS technologies. In this review, we discuss viral studies in rice plants, invertebrate species, and weeds in rice fields. Many novel viruses have been discovered in rice ecosystems through NGS technologies, with some also detected using metatranscriptomic and small RNA sequencing. These analyses greatly expand our understanding of viruses in rice fields and provide valuable insights for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated rice diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"Pages 44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extremely high temperatures resulting from climate change have become a major challenge for increasing rice production. Therefore, our objective was to develop heat-tolerant aromatic rice varieties using the pedigree method, focusing on selecting for seed-setting ability under extremely high temperatures along with the use of single nucleotide polymorphism/insertion and deletion (SNP/InDel) markers to improve aromatic properties and grain quality. Furthermore, the QTL-seq approach was utilized to identify QTLs for seed-setting rate in an F2 population subjected to heat stress. The candidate QTL regions were then aligned to confirm SNPs/InDels in synonymous F7 candidate heat-tolerant lines. The results revealed that four promising lines, namely 84-7-1-9, 84-7-1-10, 159-3-3-1, and 159-3-3-10, were classified as heat-tolerant with low amylose content. In addition, lines 84-7-1-9 and 84-7-1-10 were identified as aromatic rice encompassing the aroma gene (badh2). Regarding the QTL-seq results, the qSF2.1 region ranged from 311 051 to 3 929 422 bp on chromosome 2, was identified based on the highest contrasting SNP index between the heat-susceptible and tolerant bulks. The candidate genes within this region include two genes related to heat shock proteins, three genes associated with pollen fertility, and four genes involved in heat stress and other abiotic stress responses. These genes are proposed as potential candidates for heat tolerance and could serve as targets in rice breeding programs aimed at enhancing heat tolerance.
{"title":"Breeding for Heat Tolerant Aromatic Rice Varieties and Identification of Novel QTL Regions Associated with Heat Tolerance During Reproductive Phase by QTL-Seq","authors":"Surangkana Chimthai , Sulaiman Cheabu , Wanchana Aesomnuk , Siriphat Ruengphayak , Siwaret Arikit , Apichart Vanavichit , Chanate Malumpong","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extremely high temperatures resulting from climate change have become a major challenge for increasing rice production. Therefore, our objective was to develop heat-tolerant aromatic rice varieties using the pedigree method, focusing on selecting for seed-setting ability under extremely high temperatures along with the use of single nucleotide polymorphism/insertion and deletion (SNP/InDel) markers to improve aromatic properties and grain quality. Furthermore, the QTL-seq approach was utilized to identify QTLs for seed-setting rate in an F<sub>2</sub> population subjected to heat stress. The candidate QTL regions were then aligned to confirm SNPs/InDels in synonymous F<sub>7</sub> candidate heat-tolerant lines. The results revealed that four promising lines, namely 84-7-1-9, 84-7-1-10, 159-3-3-1, and 159-3-3-10, were classified as heat-tolerant with low amylose content. In addition, lines 84-7-1-9 and 84-7-1-10 were identified as aromatic rice encompassing the aroma gene (<em>badh2</em>). Regarding the QTL-seq results, the <em>qSF2.1</em> region ranged from 311 051 to 3 929 422 bp on chromosome 2, was identified based on the highest contrasting SNP index between the heat-susceptible and tolerant bulks. The candidate genes within this region include two genes related to heat shock proteins, three genes associated with pollen fertility, and four genes involved in heat stress and other abiotic stress responses. These genes are proposed as potential candidates for heat tolerance and could serve as targets in rice breeding programs aimed at enhancing heat tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"Pages 67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.003
Hao Zhiqi , Wang Tingyi , Chen Dongdong , Shen Lan , Zhang Guangheng , Qian Qian , Zhu Li
The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein family is involved in a variety of fundamental metabolic and signaling processes in plants, including growth and defense responses. LRR proteins can be divided into two categories: those containing LRR domains along with other structural elements, which are further subdivided into five groups, LRR receptor-like kinases, LRR receptor-like proteins, nucleotide-binding site LRR proteins, LRR-extensin proteins, and polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins, and those containing only LRR domains. Functionally, various LRR proteins are primarily involved in plant development and responses to environmental stress. Notably, the LRR protein family plays a central role in signal transduction pathways related to stress adaptation. In this review, we classify and analyze the functions of LRR proteins in plants. While extensive research has been conducted on the roles of LRR proteins in disease resistance signaling, these proteins also play important roles in abiotic stress responses. This review highlights recent advances in understanding how LRR proteins mediate responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Building upon these insights, further exploration of the roles of LRR proteins in abiotic stress resistance may aid efforts to develop rice varieties with enhanced stress and disease tolerance.
{"title":"Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein Family Regulates Stress Tolerance and Development in Plants","authors":"Hao Zhiqi , Wang Tingyi , Chen Dongdong , Shen Lan , Zhang Guangheng , Qian Qian , Zhu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein family is involved in a variety of fundamental metabolic and signaling processes in plants, including growth and defense responses. LRR proteins can be divided into two categories: those containing LRR domains along with other structural elements, which are further subdivided into five groups, LRR receptor-like kinases, LRR receptor-like proteins, nucleotide-binding site LRR proteins, LRR-extensin proteins, and polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins, and those containing only LRR domains. Functionally, various LRR proteins are primarily involved in plant development and responses to environmental stress. Notably, the LRR protein family plays a central role in signal transduction pathways related to stress adaptation. In this review, we classify and analyze the functions of LRR proteins in plants. While extensive research has been conducted on the roles of LRR proteins in disease resistance signaling, these proteins also play important roles in abiotic stress responses. This review highlights recent advances in understanding how LRR proteins mediate responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Building upon these insights, further exploration of the roles of LRR proteins in abiotic stress resistance may aid efforts to develop rice varieties with enhanced stress and disease tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"Pages 32-43"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.10.002
Yu Shicong , Luo Ruxian , Zheng Shuqin , Ning Jing , Shi Yuanzhu , Guo Daiming , Jia Liangmeng , Wang Sen , Xiao Guizong , Guo Pengwang , Li Yang , Ma Xiaoding
The tolerance of rice to drought and saline stress is crucial for maintaining yields and promoting widespread cultivation. From an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized mutant library, we identified a mutant that is susceptible to osmotic stress, named Osmotic Stress Sensitivity 1 (Oss1). Using MutMap sequencing, we characterized the role of a choline transporter-related family gene, CTR4 (Choline Transporter-Related 4), in rice’s tolerance to drought and salt stress. CTR4 plays a critical role in regulating membrane lipid synthesis. In knockout mutants, the total membrane lipid content, especially unsaturated fatty acids, was significantly reduced. Compared with the wild type, knockout mutants exhibited decreased membrane lipid stability under drought and salt stress, faster water loss, higher relative electrolyte leakage, and lower levels of proline and soluble sugars, leading to impaired tolerance to drought and salt stress. In contrast, the overexpression of CTR4 enhanced seedling tolerance to drought and saline stress. The overexpression lines displayed lower malondialdehyde levels, reduced relative electrolyte leakage, and slower rates of leaf water loss under stress conditions, thereby improving seedling survival rates during stress. Moreover, lipid synthesis gene expression was down-regulated in CTR4 mutants, potentially exacerbating membrane permeability defects and further compromising stress resistance. These findings suggest that CTR4 mediates choline transport and influences cell membrane formation, thereby enhancing rice defenses against drought and salt stress by maintaining lipid homeostasis.
{"title":"CHOLINE TRANSPORTER-RELATED 4 (CTR4) Is Involved in Drought and Saline Tolerance in Rice","authors":"Yu Shicong , Luo Ruxian , Zheng Shuqin , Ning Jing , Shi Yuanzhu , Guo Daiming , Jia Liangmeng , Wang Sen , Xiao Guizong , Guo Pengwang , Li Yang , Ma Xiaoding","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tolerance of rice to drought and saline stress is crucial for maintaining yields and promoting widespread cultivation. From an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized mutant library, we identified a mutant that is susceptible to osmotic stress, named <em>Osmotic Stress Sensitivity 1</em> (<em>Oss1</em>). Using MutMap sequencing, we characterized the role of a choline transporter-related family gene, <em>CTR4</em> (<em>Choline Transporter-Related 4</em>), in rice’s tolerance to drought and salt stress. <em>CTR4</em> plays a critical role in regulating membrane lipid synthesis. In knockout mutants, the total membrane lipid content, especially unsaturated fatty acids, was significantly reduced. Compared with the wild type, knockout mutants exhibited decreased membrane lipid stability under drought and salt stress, faster water loss, higher relative electrolyte leakage, and lower levels of proline and soluble sugars, leading to impaired tolerance to drought and salt stress. In contrast, the overexpression of <em>CTR4</em> enhanced seedling tolerance to drought and saline <em>stre</em>ss. The overexpression lines displayed lower malondialdehyde levels, reduced relative electrolyte leakage, and slower rates of leaf water loss under stress conditions, thereby improving seedling survival rates during stress. Moreover, lipid synthesis gene expression was down-regulated in <em>CTR4</em> mutants, potentially exacerbating membrane permeability defects and further compromising stress resistance. These findings suggest that <em>CTR4</em> mediates choline transport and influences cell membrane formation, thereby enhancing rice defenses against drought and salt stress by maintaining lipid homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"Pages 52-66"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.004
Ren Jian , Hu Kelin , Feng Puyu , William D. Batchelor , Liu Haitao , Lü Shihua
The Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS) has considerable potential for securing rice production in hilly areas. However, its impact on yields and nitrogen (N) fates remains uncertain under varying rainfall conditions. A two-year field experiment (2021–2022) was conducted in Ziyang, Sichuan Province, located in the hilly areas of Southwest China. The experiment included two cultivation methods: conventional flooding paddy (Paddy, W1) and GCRPS (W2). These methods were combined with three N management practices: N1 (no-N fertilizer), N2 (135 kg/hm2 urea as a base fertilizer in both W1 and W2), and N3 (135 kg/hm2 urea with split application for W1 and 67.5 kg/hm2 urea and chicken manure separately for W2). The WHCNS (Soil Water Heat Carbon Nitrogen Simulator) model was calibrated and validated to simulate ponding water depth, soil water storage, soil mineral N content, leaf area index, aboveground dry matter, crop N uptake, and rice yield. Subsequently, this model was used to simulate the responses of rice yield and N fates to GCRPS under different types of precipitation years using meteorological data from 1980 to 2018. The results indicated that the WHCNS model performed well in simulating crop growth and N fates for both Paddy and GCRPS. Compared with Paddy, GCRPS reduced N leaching (35.1%–54.9%), ammonia volatilization (0.7%–13.6%), N runoff (71.1%–83.5%), denitrification (3.8%–6.7%), and total N loss (33.8%–56.9%) for all precipitation year types. However, GCRPS reduced crop N uptake and yield during wet years, while increasing crop N uptake and yield during dry and normal years. Fertilizer application reduced the stability and sustainability of rice yield in wet years, but increased the stability and sustainability of rice yield in dry and normal years. In conclusion, GCRPS is more suitable for normal and dry years in the study region, leading to increased rice yield and reduced N loss.
{"title":"Simulating Responses of Rice Yield and Nitrogen Fates to Ground Cover Rice Production System under Different Types of Precipitation Years","authors":"Ren Jian , Hu Kelin , Feng Puyu , William D. Batchelor , Liu Haitao , Lü Shihua","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS) has considerable potential for securing rice production in hilly areas. However, its impact on yields and nitrogen (N) fates remains uncertain under varying rainfall conditions. A two-year field experiment (2021–2022) was conducted in Ziyang, Sichuan Province, located in the hilly areas of Southwest China. The experiment included two cultivation methods: conventional flooding paddy (Paddy, W1) and GCRPS (W2). These methods were combined with three N management practices: N1 (no-N fertilizer), N2 (135 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> urea as a base fertilizer in both W1 and W2), and N3 (135 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> urea with split application for W1 and 67.5 kg/hm<sup>2</sup> urea and chicken manure separately for W2). The WHCNS (Soil Water Heat Carbon Nitrogen Simulator) model was calibrated and validated to simulate ponding water depth, soil water storage, soil mineral N content, leaf area index, aboveground dry matter, crop N uptake, and rice yield. Subsequently, this model was used to simulate the responses of rice yield and N fates to GCRPS under different types of precipitation years using meteorological data from 1980 to 2018. The results indicated that the WHCNS model performed well in simulating crop growth and N fates for both Paddy and GCRPS. Compared with Paddy, GCRPS reduced N leaching (35.1%–54.9%), ammonia volatilization (0.7%–13.6%), N runoff (71.1%–83.5%), denitrification (3.8%–6.7%), and total N loss (33.8%–56.9%) for all precipitation year types. However, GCRPS reduced crop N uptake and yield during wet years, while increasing crop N uptake and yield during dry and normal years. Fertilizer application reduced the stability and sustainability of rice yield in wet years, but increased the stability and sustainability of rice yield in dry and normal years. In conclusion, GCRPS is more suitable for normal and dry years in the study region, leading to increased rice yield and reduced N loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"31 6","pages":"Pages 725-739"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lodging is more than just plants falling over; it incurs significant economic losses for farmers leading to a decrease in both yield and quality of the final produce. Human management practices, such as dense sowing, excessive nitrogen fertilizer applications, inappropriate sowing dates, and upland rice cultivation, exacerbate the risk of lodging in rice. While breeders have developed high-yielding rice varieties utilizing the sd1 gene, relying solely on this gene is insufficient to enhance lodging resistance. Identifying the traits that contribute to lodging resistance is crucial. Key factors include biochemical, anatomical, and morphological traits, such as the levels of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, silicon, and potassium, along with the number and area of vascular bundles and the thickness, diameter, and length of the culm. Moreover, markers associated with lodging-related genes, like SCM2, SCM3, SCM4, and prl4, can be utilized effectively in marker-assisted backcrossing to develop rice varieties with desirable culm traits. This literature review aims to aid rice breeders in addressing the issue of lodging by examining traits that influence lodging resistance, developing phenotyping strategies for these traits, identifying suitable instrumentation, exploring methods for screening lodging-resistant plants, understanding the mathematical relationships involved, and considering molecular breeding aspects for pyramiding genes related to lodging.
{"title":"Breeding Resilience: Exploring Lodging Resistance Mechanisms in Rice","authors":"Durga Prasad Mullangie , Kalaimagal Thiyagarajan , Manonmani Swaminathan , Jagadeesan Ramalingam , Sritharan Natarajan , Senthilkumar Govindan","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lodging is more than just plants falling over; it incurs significant economic losses for farmers leading to a decrease in both yield and quality of the final produce. Human management practices, such as dense sowing, excessive nitrogen fertilizer applications, inappropriate sowing dates, and upland rice cultivation, exacerbate the risk of lodging in rice. While breeders have developed high-yielding rice varieties utilizing the <em>sd1</em> gene, relying solely on this gene is insufficient to enhance lodging resistance. Identifying the traits that contribute to lodging resistance is crucial. Key factors include biochemical, anatomical, and morphological traits, such as the levels of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, silicon, and potassium, along with the number and area of vascular bundles and the thickness, diameter, and length of the culm. Moreover, markers associated with lodging-related genes, like <em>SCM2</em>, <em>SCM3</em>, <em>SCM4</em>, and <em>prl4</em>, can be utilized effectively in marker-assisted backcrossing to develop rice varieties with desirable culm traits. This literature review aims to aid rice breeders in addressing the issue of lodging by examining traits that influence lodging resistance, developing phenotyping strategies for these traits, identifying suitable instrumentation, exploring methods for screening lodging-resistant plants, understanding the mathematical relationships involved, and considering molecular breeding aspects for pyramiding genes related to lodging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"31 6","pages":"Pages 659-672"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.001
Yang Yigang , Xu Ya’nan , Bai Yeran , Zhang Yuanpei , Han Wei , Makoto Saito , Lü Guohua , Song Jiqing , Bai Wenbo
Rice direct seeding technology is an appealing alternative to traditional transplanting because it conserves labor and irrigation resources. Nevertheless, there are two main issues, salt stress and alkaline stress, which contribute to poor emergence and seedling growth, thereby preventing the widespread adoption and application of this technique in the Ningxia Region of China. Therefore, to determine whether germination can be promoted by mixed-oligosaccharide (KP) priming (in which seeds are soaked in a KP solution before sowing) under salt and alkaline stress, a proteomics study was performed. KP-priming significantly mitigated abiotic stress, such as salt and alkaline stress, by inhibiting root elongation, ultimately improving seedling establishment. By comparing the proteomics analyses, we found that energy metabolic pathway was a vital factor in KP-priming, which explains the alleviation of salt and alkaline stress. Key proteins involved in starch mobilization, pyruvate mobilization, and ATP synthesis, were up-regulated by KP-priming, significantly blocking salt and alkaline-triggered starch accumulation while enhancing pyruvate metabolism. KP-priming also up-regulated ATP synthase to improve energy efficiency, thereby improving ATP production. In addition, it enhanced antioxidant enzymatic activities and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. All of these factors contributed to a better understanding of the energy regulatory pathway enhanced by KP-priming, which mediated the promotion of growth under salt and alkaline conditions. Thus, this study demonstrated that KP-priming can improve rice seed germination under salt and alkaline stress by altering energy metabolism.
{"title":"Mixed-Oligosaccharides Promote Seedling Growth of Direct-Seeded Rice under Salt and Alkaline Stress","authors":"Yang Yigang , Xu Ya’nan , Bai Yeran , Zhang Yuanpei , Han Wei , Makoto Saito , Lü Guohua , Song Jiqing , Bai Wenbo","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice direct seeding technology is an appealing alternative to traditional transplanting because it conserves labor and irrigation resources. Nevertheless, there are two main issues, salt stress and alkaline stress, which contribute to poor emergence and seedling growth, thereby preventing the widespread adoption and application of this technique in the Ningxia Region of China. Therefore, to determine whether germination can be promoted by mixed-oligosaccharide (KP) priming (in which seeds are soaked in a KP solution before sowing) under salt and alkaline stress, a proteomics study was performed. KP-priming significantly mitigated abiotic stress, such as salt and alkaline stress, by inhibiting root elongation, ultimately improving seedling establishment. By comparing the proteomics analyses, we found that energy metabolic pathway was a vital factor in KP-priming, which explains the alleviation of salt and alkaline stress. Key proteins involved in starch mobilization, pyruvate mobilization, and ATP synthesis, were up-regulated by KP-priming, significantly blocking salt and alkaline-triggered starch accumulation while enhancing pyruvate metabolism. KP-priming also up-regulated ATP synthase to improve energy efficiency, thereby improving ATP production. In addition, it enhanced antioxidant enzymatic activities and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. All of these factors contributed to a better understanding of the energy regulatory pathway enhanced by KP-priming, which mediated the promotion of growth under salt and alkaline conditions. Thus, this study demonstrated that KP-priming can improve rice seed germination under salt and alkaline stress by altering energy metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"31 6","pages":"Pages 712-724"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.002
Chao Xue , Xinru Zhao , Xu Chen , Xingjing Cai , Yingying Hu , Xiya Li , Yong Zhou , Zhiyun Gong
Histone acetylation is indispensable in the process of crops resisting abiotic stress, which is jointly catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases. However, the mechanism of regulating salt tolerance through histone acetyltransferase GCN5 is still unclear. We revealed that GCN5 can catalyze the acetylation of canonical H3 and H4 lysine residues both in vivo and in vitro in rice. The knockout mutants and RNA interference lines of OsGCN5 exhibited severe growth inhibition and defects in salt tolerance, while the over-expression of OsGCN5 enhanced the salt tolerance of rice seedlings, indicating that OsGCN5 positively regulated the response of rice to salt stress. RNA-seq analysis suggested OsGCN5 may positively regulate the salt tolerance of rice by inhibiting the expression of OsHKT2;1 or other salt-responsive genes. Taken together, our study indicated that GCN5 plays a key role in enhancing salt tolerance in rice.
{"title":"Histone Acetyltransferase GCN5 Regulates Rice Growth and Development and Enhances Salt Tolerance","authors":"Chao Xue , Xinru Zhao , Xu Chen , Xingjing Cai , Yingying Hu , Xiya Li , Yong Zhou , Zhiyun Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Histone acetylation is indispensable in the process of crops resisting abiotic stress, which is jointly catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases. However, the mechanism of regulating salt tolerance through histone acetyltransferase GCN5 is still unclear. We revealed that GCN5 can catalyze the acetylation of canonical H3 and H4 lysine residues both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> in rice. The knockout mutants and RNA interference lines of <em>OsGCN5</em> exhibited severe growth inhibition and defects in salt tolerance, while the over-expression of <em>OsGCN5</em> enhanced the salt tolerance of rice seedlings, indicating that <em>OsGCN5</em> positively regulated the response of rice to salt stress. RNA-seq analysis suggested <em>OsGCN5</em> may positively regulate the salt tolerance of rice by inhibiting the expression of <em>OsHKT2;1</em> or other salt-responsive genes. Taken together, our study indicated that GCN5 plays a key role in enhancing salt tolerance in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"31 6","pages":"Pages 688-699"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and yield. We investigated the optimal growth stage for B fertilizer application to improve rice production. The study was conducted using a 2 × 4 factorial design in a randomized complete block during the rainy season of 2022. We utilized two premium Thai rice varieties Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) and Pathum Thani 1 (PTT1), and four soil B fertilizer treatments: a control (no B application), B application at the tillering stage, B application at the flowering stage, and B application at both the tillering and flowering stages. The results showed that the application of B fertilizer at the flowering stage and at both the tillering and flowering stages increased grain yield of KDML105 by 25.0% and 34.0%, respectively. In contrast, the grain yield of PTT1 showed no response to B application. The increased grain yield of KDML105 was attributed to an increased number of panicles per plant and a higher filled grain rate, which was due to the elevated B concentration in all plant parts and the total B uptake, particularly when B was applied at the flowering and tillering stages. Notably, B application increased the fertilized grain rates and reduced the proportion of unfertilized grains, a phenomenon that corresponded with the increased B concentration across all plant parts. The total B uptake ranged from 5.11 to 15.85 mg/m2 in KDML105 and from 8.37 to 24.26 mg/m2 in PTT1, with the highest total B uptake observed when B was applied at both the tillering and flowering stages for both rice varieties.
{"title":"Applying Boron Fertilizer at Different Growth Stages Promotes Boron Uptake and Productivity in Rice","authors":"Sitthikorn Bodeerath , Jeeraporn Veeradittakit , Sansanee Jamjod , Chanakan Prom-U-Thai","doi":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsci.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and yield. We investigated the optimal growth stage for B fertilizer application to improve rice production. The study was conducted using a 2 × 4 factorial design in a randomized complete block during the rainy season of 2022. We utilized two premium Thai rice varieties Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) and Pathum Thani 1 (PTT1), and four soil B fertilizer treatments: a control (no B application), B application at the tillering stage, B application at the flowering stage, and B application at both the tillering and flowering stages. The results showed that the application of B fertilizer at the flowering stage and at both the tillering and flowering stages increased grain yield of KDML105 by 25.0% and 34.0%, respectively. In contrast, the grain yield of PTT1 showed no response to B application. The increased grain yield of KDML105 was attributed to an increased number of panicles per plant and a higher filled grain rate, which was due to the elevated B concentration in all plant parts and the total B uptake, particularly when B was applied at the flowering and tillering stages. Notably, B application increased the fertilized grain rates and reduced the proportion of unfertilized grains, a phenomenon that corresponded with the increased B concentration across all plant parts. The total B uptake ranged from 5.11 to 15.85 mg/m<sup>2</sup> in KDML105 and from 8.37 to 24.26 mg/m<sup>2</sup> in PTT1, with the highest total B uptake observed when B was applied at both the tillering and flowering stages for both rice varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56069,"journal":{"name":"Rice Science","volume":"31 6","pages":"Pages 751-760"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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