Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220617112442
Venzil W. Fernandes, S. Gaonkar, Nitinkumar S. Shetty
Mimosa pudica is a tropical weed that belongs to the legume family and is native to South America. This plant is also found in different regions of India such as Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, and Tamil Nadu. It is a known plant that can show thigmonasty. The plant is known to possess diverse biological properties, such as antimicrobial activity, antidiabetic activity, anticonvulsant activity, antivenom activity, antiulcer activity, antifertility, antioxidant effect, antihistamine, anti-inflammatory activity, wound healing effect, antitumor activity, antifungal activity, antinociceptive activity, diuretic effect, etc. The herb is traditionally being used for ages, to treat urogenital disorders, dysentery, sinus piles, and used for wound healing. Review stresses on plant movement displayed by the plant Mimosa pudica and the responsible phytocompounds. The bioactive compounds isolated by various researchers to date and the pharmacological activities displayed by the plant are thoroughly reviewed. The literature related to phytochemical and pharmacological studies has been collected from various databases such as Scopus, PubMed, various student papers, publications, and internet sources from 1877 to 2021. The net result of the study showed that Mimosa pudica possesses various phytochemicals that are responsible for plant movement and pharmacological activities that are further proved by computational studies. Further, nanoparticles and hydrogels from Mimosa pudica are been studied in recent years for their various applications. The herb seems to be a promising natural medicine to undergo further investigation as evidenced by its diverse biological profile.
{"title":"Phytochemistry and Medicinal Importance of Herb Mimosa pudica: A Review","authors":"Venzil W. Fernandes, S. Gaonkar, Nitinkumar S. Shetty","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220617112442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220617112442","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Mimosa pudica is a tropical weed that belongs to the legume family and is native to South America. This plant is also found in different regions of India such as Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, and Tamil Nadu. It is a known plant that can show thigmonasty. The plant is known to possess diverse biological properties, such as antimicrobial activity, antidiabetic activity, anticonvulsant activity, antivenom activity, antiulcer activity, antifertility, antioxidant effect, antihistamine, anti-inflammatory activity, wound healing effect, antitumor activity, antifungal activity, antinociceptive activity, diuretic effect, etc. The herb is traditionally being used for ages, to treat urogenital disorders, dysentery, sinus piles, and used for wound healing.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Review stresses on plant movement displayed by the plant Mimosa pudica and the responsible phytocompounds. The bioactive compounds isolated by various researchers to date and the pharmacological activities displayed by the plant are thoroughly reviewed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The literature related to phytochemical and pharmacological studies has been collected from various databases such as Scopus, PubMed, various student papers, publications, and internet sources from 1877 to 2021.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The net result of the study showed that Mimosa pudica possesses various phytochemicals that are responsible for plant movement and pharmacological activities that are further proved by computational studies. Further, nanoparticles and hydrogels from Mimosa pudica are been studied in recent years for their various applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The herb seems to be a promising natural medicine to undergo further investigation as evidenced by its diverse biological profile.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44287852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220617113802
Elham Emami, Parham Talebi-Boroujeni, C. Sherwin, S. Heidari-Soureshjani, S. Mohammadi
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal diseases, has high global morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin and its impact on kidney biochemical parameters associated with kidney disease among CKD and hemodialysis (HD) patients. The intended keywords were used in the literature search. Clinical trial studies from the very beginning to December 25th, 2021, indexed in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), Scopus, and PubMed databases were included in the review. Records with no accessible full texts, non-English language articles, and studies that were not related to the study aim were excluded. The agreement for exclusion required all authors to concur. Finally, after reviewing all available literature, 27 articles were included in this systematic review. Curcumin supplementation increased antioxidant capacity by improving catalase (CAT) activity, free radical scavenging activity, and, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2). It also reduced hs-CRP, IL-6, and, TNF-a levels in patients with CKD and HD patients. Different results were reported regarding the effect of curcumin on kidney-related biochemical parameters. But mostly the results showed that there are no significant changes were seen in glomerular filtration (GFR), albumin (Alb), serum creatinine (sCr), proteinuria (PRO), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in these patients. Although it seems curcumin improved antioxidant capacity and decreased inflammatory cytokines in CKD and HD patients, it did not affect renal biochemical parameters. More clinical studies with larger sample sizes appear to be needed.
{"title":"Effect of curcumin on oxidative stress, inflammatory response and kidney biochemical parameters among kidney disease patients: A systematic review","authors":"Elham Emami, Parham Talebi-Boroujeni, C. Sherwin, S. Heidari-Soureshjani, S. Mohammadi","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220617113802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220617113802","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal diseases, has high global morbidity and mortality.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin and its impact on kidney biochemical parameters associated with kidney disease among CKD and hemodialysis (HD) patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The intended keywords were used in the literature search. Clinical trial studies from the very beginning to December 25th, 2021, indexed in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), Scopus, and PubMed databases were included in the review. Records with no accessible full texts, non-English language articles, and studies that were not related to the study aim were excluded. The agreement for exclusion required all authors to concur. Finally, after reviewing all available literature, 27 articles were included in this systematic review.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Curcumin supplementation increased antioxidant capacity by improving catalase (CAT) activity, free radical scavenging activity, and, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2). It also reduced hs-CRP, IL-6, and, TNF-a levels in patients with CKD and HD patients. Different results were reported regarding the effect of curcumin on kidney-related biochemical parameters. But mostly the results showed that there are no significant changes were seen in glomerular filtration (GFR), albumin (Alb), serum creatinine (sCr), proteinuria (PRO), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in these patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Although it seems curcumin improved antioxidant capacity and decreased inflammatory cytokines in CKD and HD patients, it did not affect renal biochemical parameters. More clinical studies with larger sample sizes appear to be needed.","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45279605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220615113320
G. Surendran, A. Sherje
Agar is a flexible biopolymer that forms jelly like consistency when mixed with water. It is extracted from seaweeds by treatment with alkali and can also be synthesized from fructose-6-phosphate. Agar and its composites were found to have applications in drug delivery, wound healing, tumour therapy and hyperthermia treatment. Agar gel formulations have been used for ultrasound imaging since it has the ability to scatter sound waves. It has been investigated that agar has the ability to act as a matrix for modified release of drugs. Agar/collagen composites were found to be useful in healing of wounds, burns and ulcers. Agar also has the ability to act as a matrix for carbonyl iron which is found to have a good thermal conductivity and became useful for the treatment of hyperthermia. This review summarizes the properties, sources, biosynthesis, extraction and recent biomedical applications of agar and its composites.
{"title":"Biomedical Applications of Agar and its Composites: A Mini-Review","authors":"G. Surendran, A. Sherje","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220615113320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220615113320","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Agar is a flexible biopolymer that forms jelly like consistency when mixed with water. It is extracted from seaweeds by treatment with alkali and can also be synthesized from fructose-6-phosphate. Agar and its composites were found to have applications in drug delivery, wound healing, tumour therapy and hyperthermia treatment. Agar gel formulations have been used for ultrasound imaging since it has the ability to scatter sound waves. It has been investigated that agar has the ability to act as a matrix for modified release of drugs. Agar/collagen composites were found to be useful in healing of wounds, burns and ulcers. Agar also has the ability to act as a matrix for carbonyl iron which is found to have a good thermal conductivity and became useful for the treatment of hyperthermia. This review summarizes the properties, sources, biosynthesis, extraction and recent biomedical applications of agar and its composites.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49548949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220615114025
Naeimah S. Sulayman Aboulqassim, Wamidh H. Talib
The aim of our study was to assess thymoquinone (TQ) as a combination therapy with metformin (MT) against breast cancer in diabetic tumor-bearing mice. The antiproliferative activities of TQ and MET and their combination were tested against three breast cancer cell lines (EMT6/P, T47D, MDA-MB-231) using MTT assay. We used the isobolographic method to calculate the combination index (CI). Balb/C mice were implanted with EMT6/P cells and diabetes was induced using Streptozotocin (STZ). The antitumor activity was assessed for TQ and MET and their combination in vivo. The antiangiogenic activity and apoptosis induction ability of TQ and MET were estimated using ELISA kits. To estimate the liver and kidney functions, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and creatinine were detected in serum samples, using standard kits. The impact of the TQ and MET combination on reducing blood glucose levels was measured daily using a glucometer. Synergistic anticancer effect was observed between TQ and MET. The combination of TQ and MET caused a significant reduction in tumor size (p value <0.05) with high cure percentage of (71.42%) and lower blood glucose levels. The combination therapy induces apoptosis, inhibits angiogenesis, and caused tumor regression. Moreover, no significant effect was observed in the serum levels of AST, ALT, and creatinine, as the values were very close to the normal ones. The combination of TQ and MET is considered a promising anticancer therapy to treat breast cancer induced by diabetes and nondiabetes mice. This combination possesses antiproliferative activity, anti-hyperglycemic activity, inhibits angiogenesis, and induces apoptosis. Furthermore, this combination demonstrated low toxicity.
{"title":"Targeting Breast Cancer in Diabetic Mice Using a Combination of Thymoquinone and Metformin","authors":"Naeimah S. Sulayman Aboulqassim, Wamidh H. Talib","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220615114025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220615114025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aim of our study was to assess thymoquinone (TQ) as a combination therapy with metformin (MT) against breast cancer in diabetic tumor-bearing mice.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The antiproliferative activities of TQ and MET and their combination were tested against three breast cancer cell lines (EMT6/P, T47D, MDA-MB-231) using MTT assay. We used the isobolographic method to calculate the combination index (CI). Balb/C mice were implanted with EMT6/P cells and diabetes was induced using Streptozotocin (STZ). The antitumor activity was assessed for TQ and MET and their combination in vivo. The antiangiogenic activity and apoptosis induction ability of TQ and MET were estimated using ELISA kits. To estimate the liver and kidney functions, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and creatinine were detected in serum samples, using standard kits. The impact of the TQ and MET combination on reducing blood glucose levels was measured daily using a glucometer.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Synergistic anticancer effect was observed between TQ and MET. The combination of TQ and MET caused a significant reduction in tumor size (p value <0.05) with high cure percentage of (71.42%) and lower blood glucose levels. The combination therapy induces apoptosis, inhibits angiogenesis, and caused tumor regression. Moreover, no significant effect was observed in the serum levels of AST, ALT, and creatinine, as the values were very close to the normal ones.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The combination of TQ and MET is considered a promising anticancer therapy to treat breast cancer induced by diabetes and nondiabetes mice. This combination possesses antiproliferative activity, anti-hyperglycemic activity, inhibits angiogenesis, and induces apoptosis. Furthermore, this combination demonstrated low toxicity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220613101120
S. Singhal, Abhishek Kumar, Deepti Katiyar, V. Patil
The global pandemic COVID-19 and its uncontrolled spread and lack of effective therapeutics demand to investigate the herbal resources in search of novel, safe and potent therapeutics. Herbal medicines have proven the advantage of multi-target potential and thus can be investigated for virus-host interaction protein and viral protein targets. Manuscript aims to provide an outcome-based analysis of studies performed towards evaluation of herbal compounds as anti-COVID agents. The studies focus on the proposed mechanism of viral inhibition by herbal compounds. The details on modern drug discovery approaches for investigation of potential antiviral agents includes in silico screening, ADMET and molecular docking studies. It helps to establish the probable mechanism of viral inhibition as well as to establish pharmacophore. The reports explaining role of herbal therapeutics/phytochemicals in antiviral drug development have been thoroughly searched. The study summarizes herbal therapeutics and phytochemicals based on their antiviral properties against various pathogenic viruses. Herbal compounds that have an interesting role in the development of therapeutics and herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 are included and discussed. The manuscript provides a summarized description of herbal resources and phytochemicals which are under investigation or have been investigated as potential therapeutic option for SARS-COV-2 inhibition. It will be a useful resource for researchers interested in the development of herbal therapeutics for the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.
{"title":"Herbal Therapeutics as Potential Prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 Infection","authors":"S. Singhal, Abhishek Kumar, Deepti Katiyar, V. Patil","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220613101120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220613101120","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The global pandemic COVID-19 and its uncontrolled spread and lack of effective therapeutics demand to investigate the herbal resources in search of novel, safe and potent therapeutics. Herbal medicines have proven the advantage of multi-target potential and thus can be investigated for virus-host interaction protein and viral protein targets.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Manuscript aims to provide an outcome-based analysis of studies performed towards evaluation of herbal compounds as anti-COVID agents. The studies focus on the proposed mechanism of viral inhibition by herbal compounds.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The details on modern drug discovery approaches for investigation of potential antiviral agents includes in silico screening, ADMET and molecular docking studies. It helps to establish the probable mechanism of viral inhibition as well as to establish pharmacophore. The reports explaining role of herbal therapeutics/phytochemicals in antiviral drug development have been thoroughly searched.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study summarizes herbal therapeutics and phytochemicals based on their antiviral properties against various pathogenic viruses. Herbal compounds that have an interesting role in the development of therapeutics and herd immunity against SARS-CoV-2 are included and discussed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The manuscript provides a summarized description of herbal resources and phytochemicals which are under investigation or have been investigated as potential therapeutic option for SARS-COV-2 inhibition. It will be a useful resource for researchers interested in the development of herbal therapeutics for the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41609052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220610103331
V. Bekenev, S. Mager, A. Arishin, O. Merzlyakova, E. Kashtanova, Y. Polonskaya, V. Chegodaev, V. I. Frolova, I. V. Bolshakova, Y. Frolova, Yu. V. Ites
The studies were carried out on quails, in the feed of which fat of various composition was added. to establish the effect of adding fat from pigs of different breeds and vegetable oil to quail feed on their growth, productivity and characteristics of lipid metabolism. chickens of three groups of 60 individuals each were fed with vegetable oil (control) and fat of two pig breeds sharply differing in the chemical composition of fat - Kemerovo (К) and Pietrain (P) up to 23 weeks of age (3.0 - 3.5% of the mass of the diet). At 8 and 23 weeks of age, 10 individuals from each group underwent biochemical blood tests. The fastest growing quails that received fat of breed K. The level of total cholesterol (TC), during the period of the experiment, of the quails significantly decreased, including those receiving vegetable oil - 1.49 times the fat of breed K - 1, 58 times, the fat of breed P - 1.32 times. The atherogenic index (AI) turned out to be significantly higher (P <0.01) in quails fed breed P fat, containing a high level of TC and rich in PUFA (0.93 conventional units versus 0.69 in birds receiving fat of breed K and 0, 57 - in the control group). The obtained data indicate that fat of breed K is more useful for animal nutrition and may be a priority in human nutrition.
{"title":"Fats of Pigs of Different Breeds and Chemical Composition in the Diet of Animals","authors":"V. Bekenev, S. Mager, A. Arishin, O. Merzlyakova, E. Kashtanova, Y. Polonskaya, V. Chegodaev, V. I. Frolova, I. V. Bolshakova, Y. Frolova, Yu. V. Ites","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220610103331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220610103331","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The studies were carried out on quails, in the feed of which fat of various composition was added.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000to establish the effect of adding fat from pigs of different breeds and vegetable oil to quail feed on their growth, productivity and characteristics of lipid metabolism.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000chickens of three groups of 60 individuals each were fed with vegetable oil (control) and fat of two pig breeds sharply differing in the chemical composition of fat - Kemerovo (К) and Pietrain (P) up to 23 weeks of age (3.0 - 3.5% of the mass of the diet). At 8 and 23 weeks of age, 10 individuals from each group underwent biochemical blood tests.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The fastest growing quails that received fat of breed K. The level of total cholesterol (TC), during the period of the experiment, of the quails significantly decreased, including those receiving vegetable oil - 1.49 times the fat of breed K - 1, 58 times, the fat of breed P - 1.32 times. The atherogenic index (AI) turned out to be significantly higher (P <0.01) in quails fed breed P fat, containing a high level of TC and rich in PUFA (0.93 conventional units versus 0.69 in birds receiving fat of breed K and 0, 57 - in the control group).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The obtained data indicate that fat of breed K is more useful for animal nutrition and may be a priority in human nutrition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47247376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220602092915
A. Mahmod, Wamidh H. Talib
The activity of phytochemicals has a huge impact on pharmaceutical research and on the process of developing new drugs. Hence, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the efficacy of different natural products and their potential to be used in different types of therapy. This study was carried out to investigate the biological activity of M. autumnalis crude extract and fractions, and the assessment was included antimicrobial activity, radical scavenging potential, and their effect on the immune system. The work also emphasizes determining the chemical constituents and the main bioactive compounds in M. autumnalis leaves. Ethanol crude extract was prepared by maceration method, followed by solvents fractionation using n-hexane, aqueous/methanol, and water. Phytochemical analysis of ethanol extract using LC-MS was conducted as well as total phenolic and flavonoids content. The immunomodulatory activity was also evaluated by measuring the effect of M. autumnalis on splenocytes proliferation in the presence and absence of mitogens. Nitro blue tetrazolium assay and neutral red method have been used to determine the effect of M. autumnalis on the phagocytic activity of macrophages and the function of pinocytosis, respectively. Antibacterial assay was applied using microtiter plate dilution method, and DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity. The phytochemical analysis has shown the presence of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, and other organic acids like quinic and chlorogenic acids. M. autumnalis aqueous fraction exhibited high antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value of 23.67±0.3 μg/ml. Ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction inhibited the bacterial growth of P. auriginosa with MIC value of 25 mg/ml, while n-hexane fraction was more active against C. albicans with MIC value of 12.5 mg/ml. On the other hand, the immune assay revealed a slight modulation of the lymphocyte and macrophages activity compared to the control results. The results suggested that M. autumnalis leaves are rich in polyphenolic compounds and its crude extract and fractions exhibited antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. However, further research is needed to understand the effect of M. autumnalis on the immune parameters.
{"title":"Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Immunomodulatory Activity of Mandragora autumnalis Grown in Jordan","authors":"A. Mahmod, Wamidh H. Talib","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220602092915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220602092915","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The activity of phytochemicals has a huge impact on pharmaceutical research and on the process of developing new drugs. Hence, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the efficacy of different natural products and their potential to be used in different types of therapy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study was carried out to investigate the biological activity of M. autumnalis crude extract and fractions, and the assessment was included antimicrobial activity, radical scavenging potential, and their effect on the immune system. The work also emphasizes determining the chemical constituents and the main bioactive compounds in M. autumnalis leaves.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ethanol crude extract was prepared by maceration method, followed by solvents fractionation using n-hexane, aqueous/methanol, and water. Phytochemical analysis of ethanol extract using LC-MS was conducted as well as total phenolic and flavonoids content. The immunomodulatory activity was also evaluated by measuring the effect of M. autumnalis on splenocytes proliferation in the presence and absence of mitogens. Nitro blue tetrazolium assay and neutral red method have been used to determine the effect of M. autumnalis on the phagocytic activity of macrophages and the function of pinocytosis, respectively. Antibacterial assay was applied using microtiter plate dilution method, and DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The phytochemical analysis has shown the presence of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, and other organic acids like quinic and chlorogenic acids. M. autumnalis aqueous fraction exhibited high antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value of 23.67±0.3 μg/ml. Ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction inhibited the bacterial growth of P. auriginosa with MIC value of 25 mg/ml, while n-hexane fraction was more active against C. albicans with MIC value of 12.5 mg/ml. On the other hand, the immune assay revealed a slight modulation of the lymphocyte and macrophages activity compared to the control results.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results suggested that M. autumnalis leaves are rich in polyphenolic compounds and its crude extract and fractions exhibited antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. However, further research is needed to understand the effect of M. autumnalis on the immune parameters.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45643423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220523123836
Krishna Bhalodi, C. Kothari
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common cause of dementia; the hallmark includes neuronal death and synaptic loss leading to cognitive decline. Up to date, there have been a vast number of preclinical & clinical trials based on natural compounds that play a crucial role in the prevention of AD. Tinospora cordifolia (Tc) is a medicinal plant with numerous bioactive properties used in Indian medicine. The literature study will scrutinized based on the disease-modifying effects of Tinospora cordifolia. It benefits the neurobiological researcher in understanding and researching the naturally occurring compound in combating AD. Furthermore, recent nanotechnology trends, such as green synthesis nanoparticles, have more potential in biomedical fields. Following that, the review draws attention to the Green synthesized nanoparticle of Tc, which has a wide range of applications.
{"title":"Tinospora cordifolia: A New Perspective on Alzheimer’s disease and Green nanotechnology","authors":"Krishna Bhalodi, C. Kothari","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220523123836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220523123836","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common cause of dementia; the hallmark includes neuronal death and synaptic loss leading to cognitive decline. Up to date, there have been a vast number of preclinical & clinical trials based on natural compounds that play a crucial role in the prevention of AD. Tinospora cordifolia (Tc) is a medicinal plant with numerous bioactive properties used in Indian medicine. The literature study will scrutinized based on the disease-modifying effects of Tinospora cordifolia. It benefits the neurobiological researcher in understanding and researching the naturally occurring compound in combating AD. Furthermore, recent nanotechnology trends, such as green synthesis nanoparticles, have more potential in biomedical fields. Following that, the review draws attention to the Green synthesized nanoparticle of Tc, which has a wide range of applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45383677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220520150358
Hemlata Bhardwaj, N. Vasudeva, Sunil Sharma
A bioactive flavone, apigenin is plentifully present in common vegetables and fruits including spinach, parsley, celery stalks, peas, black olives, olive oil, grapefruit, kumquat, honey etc. It is a low-toxic flavonoid. Flavonoids are currently considered an important component in a huge range of cosmetic, pharmacological, and medical formulations. According to epidemiological research flavone-rich diets have been related to a lower risk of cancer notably, lung, skin, prostate, breast cancers and certain hematological disorders. It has been proposed as a preventive agent in other disorders such as oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular and neurological issues. Apigenin-enriched medications are more effective for some chronic conditions, but if consumed regularly, they can harm animal and human health such as stomach discomfort, skin irritation, numbness and prolonged sedation etc. Apigenin's bioavailability limitations need the development of innovative carriers to increase bioavailability. Flavonoid’s data is gathered from the major public databank in order to emphasize apigenin's important role in the treatment and prevention of numerous illnesses, as well as to explore its health consequences. The literature review of the apigenin was collected from various databases viz. Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Google and Science Direct etc. The compiled data on the therapeutic efficacy of apigenin and its derivatives provides a platform for future researcher. The data revealed the pharmacological effects viz. anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, ischemic stroke and anti-arthritic activities of apigenin isolated by using different solvents and analytical methods that can be useful in the utilization for the development and formulation of herbal preparation by future researchers.
作为一种具有生物活性的黄酮，芹菜素大量存在于常见的蔬菜和水果中，包括菠菜、欧芹、芹菜杆、豌豆、黑橄榄、橄榄油、葡萄柚、金桔、蜂蜜等。它是一种低毒的类黄酮。目前，黄酮类化合物被认为是化妆品、药理学和医学配方中的重要成分。根据流行病学研究，富含黄酮的饮食与较低的癌症风险有关，尤其是肺癌、皮肤癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌和某些血液系统疾病。它已被提议作为其他疾病的预防剂，如氧化应激、炎症、心血管和神经问题。富含芹菜素的药物对一些慢性疾病更有效，但如果经常服用，它们会损害动物和人类的健康，如胃部不适、皮肤刺激、麻木和长时间镇静等。芹菜素的生物利用度有限，需要开发创新载体来提高其生物利用度。黄酮类化合物的数据是从主要的公共数据库中收集的，以强调芹菜素在治疗和预防许多疾病中的重要作用，并探索其对健康的影响。通过Web of Science、PubMed、谷歌Scholar、谷歌、Science Direct等数据库对芹菜素的相关文献进行综述，整理芹菜素及其衍生物的临床疗效，为后续研究提供平台。揭示了不同溶剂和分析方法分离得到的芹菜素的抑菌、抗癌、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗炎、抗糖尿病、缺血性脑卒中和抗关节炎等药理作用，为今后中药制剂的开发和配制提供了参考。
{"title":"Phytochemistry And Pharmacological Aspects Of Apigenin: A Review","authors":"Hemlata Bhardwaj, N. Vasudeva, Sunil Sharma","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220520150358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220520150358","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A bioactive flavone, apigenin is plentifully present in common vegetables and fruits including spinach, parsley, celery stalks, peas, black olives, olive oil, grapefruit, kumquat, honey etc. It is a low-toxic flavonoid. Flavonoids are currently considered an important component in a huge range of cosmetic, pharmacological, and medical formulations. According to epidemiological research flavone-rich diets have been related to a lower risk of cancer notably, lung, skin, prostate, breast cancers and certain hematological disorders. It has been proposed as a preventive agent in other disorders such as oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular and neurological issues. Apigenin-enriched medications are more effective for some chronic conditions, but if consumed regularly, they can harm animal and human health such as stomach discomfort, skin irritation, numbness and prolonged sedation etc. Apigenin's bioavailability limitations need the development of innovative carriers to increase bioavailability. Flavonoid’s data is gathered from the major public databank in order to emphasize apigenin's important role in the treatment and prevention of numerous illnesses, as well as to explore its health consequences.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The literature review of the apigenin was collected from various databases viz. Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Google and Science Direct etc.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The compiled data on the therapeutic efficacy of apigenin and its derivatives provides a platform for future researcher.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The data revealed the pharmacological effects viz. anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, ischemic stroke and anti-arthritic activities of apigenin isolated by using different solvents and analytical methods that can be useful in the utilization for the development and formulation of herbal preparation by future researchers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43732958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220520151227
Ahsas Goyal, A. Verma, N. Agrawal, Shilpi Pathak
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus accountable for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has led to many fatal cases worldwide. It causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome, a hyperinflammatory response, vascular damage, microangiopathy, and widespread thrombosis. Vaccines, interferon therapies, and small-molecule drugs may be among the various alternatives for managing or preventing emerging SARS-CoV-2 infections. New interventions, on the other hand, are likely to take months to years to develop. Furthermore, existing antiviral agents commonly develop viral resistance along with certain side effects. Therefore, effective prevention and treatment medications without side effects against human coronavirus are in urgent need. Indian and Chinese traditional medicine have suggested some natural products for the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of the diseases, including COVID-19 and various herbs and mushrooms that have been reported to possess potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, in this pandemic, traditional medicines pose a ray of hope for human health. The Ministry of Ayush, India, has also recommended a number of therapies to increase immunity in addition to ayurvedic treatments. Thus, the probability of naturally occurring substances as successful treatments against COVID-19 may seem hopeful due to their diverse biological and therapeutic properties. This review focuses on the latest updates of Ayurvedic herbs and spices as promising approaches for treatment during this devastating pandemic situation.
{"title":"Ayurvedic Herbs And Spices: A Promising Approach For The Treatment Of Covid-19","authors":"Ahsas Goyal, A. Verma, N. Agrawal, Shilpi Pathak","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220520151227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220520151227","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus accountable for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has led to many fatal cases worldwide. It causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome, a hyperinflammatory response, vascular damage, microangiopathy, and widespread thrombosis. Vaccines, interferon therapies, and small-molecule drugs may be among the various alternatives for managing or preventing emerging SARS-CoV-2 infections. New interventions, on the other hand, are likely to take months to years to develop. Furthermore, existing antiviral agents commonly develop viral resistance along with certain side effects. Therefore, effective prevention and treatment medications without side effects against human coronavirus are in urgent need. Indian and Chinese traditional medicine have suggested some natural products for the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of the diseases, including COVID-19 and various herbs and mushrooms that have been reported to possess potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, in this pandemic, traditional medicines pose a ray of hope for human health. The Ministry of Ayush, India, has also recommended a number of therapies to increase immunity in addition to ayurvedic treatments. Thus, the probability of naturally occurring substances as successful treatments against COVID-19 may seem hopeful due to their diverse biological and therapeutic properties. This review focuses on the latest updates of Ayurvedic herbs and spices as promising approaches for treatment during this devastating pandemic situation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48278830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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