Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-147-151
K. Mamonov, V. Kovalchuk, V. Troian
This study formulates some of the actual problems that arise during engineering and geodetic survey for designing road repair and reconstruction. An analysis of the regulatory requirements currently in force in Ukraine for carrying out this type of work has been carried out, it has also been concluded that at present they do not keep up with the latest technologies. Studied publications describing the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Classified navigation satellite receivers are installed on UAVs, for the purpose of determining coordinates. Particular attention is paid to the installation on the carrier of geodetic class navigation equipment using kinematic GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) technologies, such as RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) and PPK (Post-Processing Kinematic). These technologies allow us to determine the spatial coordinates of the centers of photos at the time of photographing with centimeter accuracy, which greatly simplifies the adjustment of digital photogrammetric models and increases their accuracy. But the most important advantage is a significant reduction in field surveying, which makes them less expensive and more efficient overall. In the course of the study, it was found that in conditions of limited access to nearby territories, insufficient stability of the results of determining the centers of images can affect the final quality of products. For cases where the maximum achievable accuracy is at the limit of the possibility of photogrammetric technology, the removal of the most critical elements is proposed to be combined by combining aerial photography technologies with ground technologies. The road’s hard surface surveying can be performed by ground geodetic methods (tacheometric or GNSS), and by modern laser scanning. At the same time, the adjacent territory, regarding the shooting of elements of which less stringent requirements are established, can be worked out by aerial photography. In further studies, it is necessary to determine the conditions for achieving the maximum accuracy of UAV photogrammetry. Keywords: aerial photography, photogrammetry, geodetic survey, reconstruction of highways.
{"title":"THE FEATURES OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR ROAD REPAIR OR RECONSTRUCTION","authors":"K. Mamonov, V. Kovalchuk, V. Troian","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-147-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-147-151","url":null,"abstract":"This study formulates some of the actual problems that arise during engineering and geodetic survey for designing road repair and reconstruction. An analysis of the regulatory requirements currently in force in Ukraine for carrying out this type of work has been carried out, it has also been concluded that at present they do not keep up with the latest technologies. Studied publications describing the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Classified navigation satellite receivers are installed on UAVs, for the purpose of determining coordinates. Particular attention is paid to the installation on the carrier of geodetic class navigation equipment using kinematic GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) technologies, such as RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) and PPK (Post-Processing Kinematic). These technologies allow us to determine the spatial coordinates of the centers of photos at the time of photographing with centimeter accuracy, which greatly simplifies the adjustment of digital photogrammetric models and increases their accuracy. But the most important advantage is a significant reduction in field surveying, which makes them less expensive and more efficient overall. In the course of the study, it was found that in conditions of limited access to nearby territories, insufficient stability of the results of determining the centers of images can affect the final quality of products. For cases where the maximum achievable accuracy is at the limit of the possibility of photogrammetric technology, the removal of the most critical elements is proposed to be combined by combining aerial photography technologies with ground technologies. The road’s hard surface surveying can be performed by ground geodetic methods (tacheometric or GNSS), and by modern laser scanning. At the same time, the adjacent territory, regarding the shooting of elements of which less stringent requirements are established, can be worked out by aerial photography. In further studies, it is necessary to determine the conditions for achieving the maximum accuracy of UAV photogrammetry. Keywords: aerial photography, photogrammetry, geodetic survey, reconstruction of highways.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135453437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-157-166
O. Gorb, K. Mamonov, T. Nalivayko, O. Pomortseva
The article highlights the problems and tasks that have intensified in higher education under the conditions of a long period of distance learning and martial law. Questions about the need to create integrated education are particularly argued and lapidary. This has a positive effect on the development of independence, cognitive activity and interests of modern higher education seekers. In this way, the acquirers show the development of creative thinking according to their own architecture. At the same time, significant complications of its content and a significant increase in the amount of knowledge are becoming characteristic features of modern education. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and introduce the latest educational paradigms into pedagogical practice. This should be based on the results of a significant rethinking of the very goals of education, its nature and technology. In the general structure of the set of these attributes of education, an extremely important place should be occupied by pedagogical influence on student youth. At the same time, this influence should consist in the formation of students' motivation to properly master the educational material. It is also necessary to properly organize pedagogical influence and transdisciplinary connections when teaching educational material. This should be considered as the main way of effectively solving the main tasks of education. From this follows the need to train a new generation of specialists. Who will be able to creatively adapt to the fast-moving environment with knowledge of the matter. They will be able to move from one type of work to another, all this ultimately determines the very heuristic approach to education. It is this approach that will help to change the usual reproductive activity of the student in classes. The student will be involved in active assimilation of new material and independent analysis in solving problem situations. Then the student will be able to enter the context of future professional activity. All these measures will contribute to the intensification of the educational process. This will ultimately have a positive effect on the quality of education and the value of the future graduate in the eyes of a potential employer. Keywords: integrated learning, cognitive activity, self-development, levels of integration of educational material, transdisciplinary learning, interdisciplinary connections, competence.
{"title":"FEATURES OF THE STUDY OF GEO-INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE TRAINING OF STUDENTS OF THE SPECIALTY «GEODESY AND LAND SURVEYING»","authors":"O. Gorb, K. Mamonov, T. Nalivayko, O. Pomortseva","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-157-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-157-166","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the problems and tasks that have intensified in higher education under the conditions of a long period of distance learning and martial law. Questions about the need to create integrated education are particularly argued and lapidary. This has a positive effect on the development of independence, cognitive activity and interests of modern higher education seekers. In this way, the acquirers show the development of creative thinking according to their own architecture. At the same time, significant complications of its content and a significant increase in the amount of knowledge are becoming characteristic features of modern education. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and introduce the latest educational paradigms into pedagogical practice. This should be based on the results of a significant rethinking of the very goals of education, its nature and technology. In the general structure of the set of these attributes of education, an extremely important place should be occupied by pedagogical influence on student youth. At the same time, this influence should consist in the formation of students' motivation to properly master the educational material. It is also necessary to properly organize pedagogical influence and transdisciplinary connections when teaching educational material. This should be considered as the main way of effectively solving the main tasks of education. From this follows the need to train a new generation of specialists. Who will be able to creatively adapt to the fast-moving environment with knowledge of the matter. They will be able to move from one type of work to another, all this ultimately determines the very heuristic approach to education. It is this approach that will help to change the usual reproductive activity of the student in classes. The student will be involved in active assimilation of new material and independent analysis in solving problem situations. Then the student will be able to enter the context of future professional activity. All these measures will contribute to the intensification of the educational process. This will ultimately have a positive effect on the quality of education and the value of the future graduate in the eyes of a potential employer. Keywords: integrated learning, cognitive activity, self-development, levels of integration of educational material, transdisciplinary learning, interdisciplinary connections, competence.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135453444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-188-193
Y. Abramov, V. Kryvtsova, A. Mikhailyuk
When obtaining estimates that characterize the level of fire safety of the hydrogen storage and supply system, there is an error due to the subjective nature of its occurrence. It is noted that it is possible to weaken the influence of the subjective nature on these estimates by using the probabilistic characteristics of failure of the main elements of the hydrogen storage and supply system. Such basic elements include a gas generator. It is shown that the diffusion processes between the hydroreactive sample and the liquid - water are accompanied by the appearance of gas bubbles located on the reacting surface. This process - chemical boiling is characterized by internal characteristics. Internal characteristics were obtained experimentally for hydroreactive samples based on sodium aluminum hydride, which are approximated by polynomials of the fourth order and represent the dependence of the diameter of gas bubbles and the generation frequency on the diameter of the reacting surface. It is noted that the characteristics of the gas generator depend on the orientation of the reacting surfaces of the hydroreactive sample. The growth rate of basic bubbles practically does not depend on the diameter of the reacting surface, and the size of this surface for the vertical arrangement of the reacting surface is several percent larger than for its horizontal arrangement. The most unfavorable mode of gas generation is the case when the reactive surface of the hydro-reactive sample is oriented downwards. It is shown that increasing the reliability of the gas generator of the hydrogen storage and supply system is possible due to the implementation of a hydroreactive sample with a polylike one - a passive method and due to the formation of hydrodynamic forces acting on gas bubbles - an active method. These recommendations are embodied on the example of a hydrogen storage and supply system with vibrational movement of a hydroreactive sample, which is made in the form of a set of identical long cylinders assembled in a mesh cassette. Keywords: water saving and supply system, gas generator, fire safety, reliability.
{"title":"NEW PIDHID UP TO THE MOVEMENT OF FIRE SAFETY WATER SYSTEMS","authors":"Y. Abramov, V. Kryvtsova, A. Mikhailyuk","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-188-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-188-193","url":null,"abstract":"When obtaining estimates that characterize the level of fire safety of the hydrogen storage and supply system, there is an error due to the subjective nature of its occurrence. It is noted that it is possible to weaken the influence of the subjective nature on these estimates by using the probabilistic characteristics of failure of the main elements of the hydrogen storage and supply system. Such basic elements include a gas generator. It is shown that the diffusion processes between the hydroreactive sample and the liquid - water are accompanied by the appearance of gas bubbles located on the reacting surface. This process - chemical boiling is characterized by internal characteristics. Internal characteristics were obtained experimentally for hydroreactive samples based on sodium aluminum hydride, which are approximated by polynomials of the fourth order and represent the dependence of the diameter of gas bubbles and the generation frequency on the diameter of the reacting surface. It is noted that the characteristics of the gas generator depend on the orientation of the reacting surfaces of the hydroreactive sample. The growth rate of basic bubbles practically does not depend on the diameter of the reacting surface, and the size of this surface for the vertical arrangement of the reacting surface is several percent larger than for its horizontal arrangement. The most unfavorable mode of gas generation is the case when the reactive surface of the hydro-reactive sample is oriented downwards. It is shown that increasing the reliability of the gas generator of the hydrogen storage and supply system is possible due to the implementation of a hydroreactive sample with a polylike one - a passive method and due to the formation of hydrodynamic forces acting on gas bubbles - an active method. These recommendations are embodied on the example of a hydrogen storage and supply system with vibrational movement of a hydroreactive sample, which is made in the form of a set of identical long cylinders assembled in a mesh cassette. Keywords: water saving and supply system, gas generator, fire safety, reliability.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135453650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-179-187
O. Shcherbak, O. Neshpor, O. Derevyanko, S. Yeremenko, R. Shevchenko
The work is devoted to the solution of an actual scientific task in the field of civil protection, namely, the development of an algorithm for the application of the technique of detecting focal signs of an emergency situation due to a fire at critical infrastructure facilities. Recommendations for the practical application of the methodology as the basis of the method of non-destructive control of the processes of preventing emergency situations due to a fire of a terrorist nature at the objects of critical infrastructure of Ukraine are given. the algorithm for the application of the method of detecting focal signs of an emergency situation due to a fire at critical infrastructure facilities consists of three procedures, namely: procedures for conducting measurements at a critical infrastructure facility, procedures for statistical processing of measurement results, fire reconstruction procedures. The received general recommendations of the fire reconstruction procedure can be reduced to the following. In particular, we note that the value of the electrical resistance of soot is related to the mode of combustion in one or another zone. If this value, which was measured directly above the investigated area, exceeds 10101011 Ohm, then this indicates that there was no intense flame burning in this area, but the burning took place in the form of smoldering. Long-term smoldering of a fire load in conditions of insufficient air exchange can lead to the formation of a thick layer of greasy soot on the ceiling and in the upper part of the walls, sometimes with clear drops of the liquid phase or drop-like spots. This can be observed in small rooms and other volumes that are not ventilated. If the combustion moves from such premises to a larger space with better air exchange, and a flaming combustion occurs, then the formed electrical resistance pattern will mainly reflect the development of flaming combustion. The source of the fire may appear in the form of soot burning or extremely low values of its electrical resistance, or vice versa, in a rather thick layer of soot with a high content of extractive substances. Thus, the interpretation of the results of the measurement of electrical resistance must be accompanied by an analysis of the specifics of the volume-planning decisions of the building (room), the conditions of air exchange, and the distribution of the fire load. The obtained results of the soot research can be used within the framework of fire engineering expertise to reconstruct the process of the occurrence and development of combustion, including to establish the center of the fire. Keywords: emergency situation, critical infrastructure object, technique, focal signs, thermal damage.
{"title":"ALGORITHM FOR APPLICATION OF METHODS FOR DETECTING CENTRAL SIGNS OF AN EMERGENCY SITUATION DUE TO FIRE AT CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES","authors":"O. Shcherbak, O. Neshpor, O. Derevyanko, S. Yeremenko, R. Shevchenko","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-179-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-179-187","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to the solution of an actual scientific task in the field of civil protection, namely, the development of an algorithm for the application of the technique of detecting focal signs of an emergency situation due to a fire at critical infrastructure facilities. Recommendations for the practical application of the methodology as the basis of the method of non-destructive control of the processes of preventing emergency situations due to a fire of a terrorist nature at the objects of critical infrastructure of Ukraine are given. the algorithm for the application of the method of detecting focal signs of an emergency situation due to a fire at critical infrastructure facilities consists of three procedures, namely: procedures for conducting measurements at a critical infrastructure facility, procedures for statistical processing of measurement results, fire reconstruction procedures. The received general recommendations of the fire reconstruction procedure can be reduced to the following. In particular, we note that the value of the electrical resistance of soot is related to the mode of combustion in one or another zone. If this value, which was measured directly above the investigated area, exceeds 10101011 Ohm, then this indicates that there was no intense flame burning in this area, but the burning took place in the form of smoldering. Long-term smoldering of a fire load in conditions of insufficient air exchange can lead to the formation of a thick layer of greasy soot on the ceiling and in the upper part of the walls, sometimes with clear drops of the liquid phase or drop-like spots. This can be observed in small rooms and other volumes that are not ventilated. If the combustion moves from such premises to a larger space with better air exchange, and a flaming combustion occurs, then the formed electrical resistance pattern will mainly reflect the development of flaming combustion. The source of the fire may appear in the form of soot burning or extremely low values of its electrical resistance, or vice versa, in a rather thick layer of soot with a high content of extractive substances. Thus, the interpretation of the results of the measurement of electrical resistance must be accompanied by an analysis of the specifics of the volume-planning decisions of the building (room), the conditions of air exchange, and the distribution of the fire load. The obtained results of the soot research can be used within the framework of fire engineering expertise to reconstruct the process of the occurrence and development of combustion, including to establish the center of the fire. Keywords: emergency situation, critical infrastructure object, technique, focal signs, thermal damage.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135453652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-27-32
N. Teliura, S. Plyasulya, D. Krupytska, V. Virchenko
Systematic approaches to the selection of innovative technologies for environmental protection are investigated. The features and directions of ensuring environmental safety are considered by means of a substantiated method of selecting innovative technologies. A method is used that substantiates the procedure for determining the relative importance of criteria and indicators of environmental protection technologies and methods using the program-analytical method. The basic and fundamental principles of project activities are well developed by specialists, but the practical orientation, application of aspects and algorithms for the implementation of these innovative decision support systems at the level of project activities at the regional level need further development. Decision support systems in the design of innovative environmental protection technologies will increase the complexity and effectiveness of solutions to improve environmental safety. According to the developed approach, criteria formulated as influencing groups of factors. Relevant experts, relying on various types of information on the specific purpose and innovative ecological solutions, give their own judgments regarding the priority of the advantages of the specified criteria. Expert judgments are processed according to the formal procedure of the MAI, which is implemented on a computer, and is the basis for decision-making when choosing the innovative ecological solutions in specific conditions. The criteria hierarchical structure of innovative ecological solutions is represented by a sequence of actions that include the following stages: development of elements of a methodical approach; verification of the consistency of the proposed hierarchical structure for determining priority technologies based on the input data of several objects of settlements; obtaining data on the priority of innovative ecological solutions for implementation on these objects. The advantages of the proposed methodical approach should include the possibility to link to a single algorithm for the justification of the required decision data that differ both in their content and in the form of presentation. Implementation of complex support systems for making innovative decisions in nature protection activities will increase the complexity and effectiveness of decisions to ensure environmental safety. Keywords: environmental safety, system analysis, innovative solutions, environmental protection tools and technologies, sustainable development.
{"title":"COMPLEX SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF INNOVATIVE DECISIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION","authors":"N. Teliura, S. Plyasulya, D. Krupytska, V. Virchenko","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-27-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-27-32","url":null,"abstract":"Systematic approaches to the selection of innovative technologies for environmental protection are investigated. The features and directions of ensuring environmental safety are considered by means of a substantiated method of selecting innovative technologies. A method is used that substantiates the procedure for determining the relative importance of criteria and indicators of environmental protection technologies and methods using the program-analytical method. The basic and fundamental principles of project activities are well developed by specialists, but the practical orientation, application of aspects and algorithms for the implementation of these innovative decision support systems at the level of project activities at the regional level need further development. Decision support systems in the design of innovative environmental protection technologies will increase the complexity and effectiveness of solutions to improve environmental safety. According to the developed approach, criteria formulated as influencing groups of factors. Relevant experts, relying on various types of information on the specific purpose and innovative ecological solutions, give their own judgments regarding the priority of the advantages of the specified criteria. Expert judgments are processed according to the formal procedure of the MAI, which is implemented on a computer, and is the basis for decision-making when choosing the innovative ecological solutions in specific conditions. The criteria hierarchical structure of innovative ecological solutions is represented by a sequence of actions that include the following stages: development of elements of a methodical approach; verification of the consistency of the proposed hierarchical structure for determining priority technologies based on the input data of several objects of settlements; obtaining data on the priority of innovative ecological solutions for implementation on these objects. The advantages of the proposed methodical approach should include the possibility to link to a single algorithm for the justification of the required decision data that differ both in their content and in the form of presentation. Implementation of complex support systems for making innovative decisions in nature protection activities will increase the complexity and effectiveness of decisions to ensure environmental safety. Keywords: environmental safety, system analysis, innovative solutions, environmental protection tools and technologies, sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135454006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-42-46
A. Rudenko
The countries of the world, in particular Ukraine, face the global problem of degraded territories in the urban structure, in particular, production ones in the process of changing technological eras and the formation of post-industrial relations. For a long time, typical cities of Ukraine were industrial, therefore the appearance of degrading production territories in their structures is quite obvious and requires correction of the functional and planning structure of cities, especially the production component of the economic complex, which needs restoration. Taking into account world experience and regional features, the study examines the city of Sumy, which has a typical economic complex with a predominant production component. In the article, the author considers the typological features of degraded industrial areas in the urban fabric, which can serve as a basis for making decisions about restoration in modern conditions. The author distinguishes two main types of degraded production areas in the structure of the city: when the industrial zone is located in the middle of the agricultural zone and when a separate degraded industrial zone is located in the structure of an industrial node, district, zone. The main types are distinguished according to the state of their degradation. Three main existing approaches to restoration of degraded territories are also highlighted. Therefore, after analyzing the current state of degrading production areas in the structure of a large city, using the example of the city of Sumy, the author notes that the existing problem requires scientifically based solutions for their restoration, and at the legislative level, there are all the necessary prerequisites for the further formation of industrial zones of the city. In turn, the identified typologies can play a decisive role in making further decisions regarding the reconstruction of degrading production areas in the city structure. Keywords: urbanization, post-industrial society, degradation, industrial areas, restoration, industrial hub.
{"title":"TYPICAL FEATURES OF DEGRADING PRODUCTION TERRITORIES THAT MAY BE SUBJECT TO RESTORATION IN TODAY'S REALITIES","authors":"A. Rudenko","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-42-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-42-46","url":null,"abstract":"The countries of the world, in particular Ukraine, face the global problem of degraded territories in the urban structure, in particular, production ones in the process of changing technological eras and the formation of post-industrial relations. For a long time, typical cities of Ukraine were industrial, therefore the appearance of degrading production territories in their structures is quite obvious and requires correction of the functional and planning structure of cities, especially the production component of the economic complex, which needs restoration. Taking into account world experience and regional features, the study examines the city of Sumy, which has a typical economic complex with a predominant production component. In the article, the author considers the typological features of degraded industrial areas in the urban fabric, which can serve as a basis for making decisions about restoration in modern conditions. The author distinguishes two main types of degraded production areas in the structure of the city: when the industrial zone is located in the middle of the agricultural zone and when a separate degraded industrial zone is located in the structure of an industrial node, district, zone. The main types are distinguished according to the state of their degradation. Three main existing approaches to restoration of degraded territories are also highlighted. Therefore, after analyzing the current state of degrading production areas in the structure of a large city, using the example of the city of Sumy, the author notes that the existing problem requires scientifically based solutions for their restoration, and at the legislative level, there are all the necessary prerequisites for the further formation of industrial zones of the city. In turn, the identified typologies can play a decisive role in making further decisions regarding the reconstruction of degrading production areas in the city structure. Keywords: urbanization, post-industrial society, degradation, industrial areas, restoration, industrial hub.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134922290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-15-20
V. Lus’
The question of precision rotary systems with artificial elements of pretension, which significantly affect the rigidity and displacement of resonance frequencies and, as a result, lead to the appearance of very conditioned sensitivity matrices, has been investigated. The mathematical model of the system is identified. With spatial oscillations of the system, two of the most typical and important are defined: fluctuations in vibration force along the rotor axis and in a direction perpendicular to it. Designed diagnostic operator as a complete sensitivity matrix. The proposed algorithm for the diagnosis of parameters of multidimensional mechanical fluctuation systems using computer technology. In any prefabricated design, the parameters of the system during assembly may differ from the design values and change during operation. In order to predict the consequences of this, it is necessary to know the reaction of the system to these changes. At the same time, in many cases, it is almost impossible to assess experimentally the effect of parameters on the behavior of the system. Therefore, there is a need to study and analyze the effect of changes in parameters on the properties of the system analytically, that is, according to the known mathematical model of the system. Analytical study of the dynamics of such systems is a very difficult task, but determining the sensitivity functions for this type of compound experimentally is another much more complex technological task, so their characteristics should be obtained by different methods of identification. The main purpose of this work is to determine: the identified mathematical model of the system, to offer a methodology and algorithm for the diagnosis of parameters of multidimensional mechanical fluctuation systems using computer technology. Of course, the presented algorithm is most suitable for the diagnosis of parameters of multidimensional fluctuation systems, but of course, in this case, widespread use of modern computer technology is necessary. If in the system it is necessary to determine the degree of influence of various physical parameters on the vector of the state, then it is necessary to consider the matrix of relative sensitivity. Sensitivity matrices allow determining sensitive and invariant parameters to the state vector. This information answers the question of which parameters determine the vibrational characteristics of the object to the greatest extent. In addition, the determination of the sensitivity matrix can significantly simplify the dynamic model of the system, leaving only those parameters that most determine the vibrational state of the system. Keywords: construction, press-threaded connection, dynamic parameters, structural model, deformation, deviation, frequency and amplitude of oscillations, sensitivity of dynamic parameters, algorithm, sensitivity matrix, methodology.
{"title":"TO ASSESS THE STRUCTURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE PARAMETERS OF THE PRECISION ROTARY SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE SPECIFIED FUNCTIONS OF SENSITIVITY AND DEVIATION OF THE SPECTRUM OF OWN FREQUENCIES","authors":"V. Lus’","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-15-20","url":null,"abstract":"The question of precision rotary systems with artificial elements of pretension, which significantly affect the rigidity and displacement of resonance frequencies and, as a result, lead to the appearance of very conditioned sensitivity matrices, has been investigated. The mathematical model of the system is identified. With spatial oscillations of the system, two of the most typical and important are defined: fluctuations in vibration force along the rotor axis and in a direction perpendicular to it. Designed diagnostic operator as a complete sensitivity matrix. The proposed algorithm for the diagnosis of parameters of multidimensional mechanical fluctuation systems using computer technology. In any prefabricated design, the parameters of the system during assembly may differ from the design values and change during operation. In order to predict the consequences of this, it is necessary to know the reaction of the system to these changes. At the same time, in many cases, it is almost impossible to assess experimentally the effect of parameters on the behavior of the system. Therefore, there is a need to study and analyze the effect of changes in parameters on the properties of the system analytically, that is, according to the known mathematical model of the system. Analytical study of the dynamics of such systems is a very difficult task, but determining the sensitivity functions for this type of compound experimentally is another much more complex technological task, so their characteristics should be obtained by different methods of identification. The main purpose of this work is to determine: the identified mathematical model of the system, to offer a methodology and algorithm for the diagnosis of parameters of multidimensional mechanical fluctuation systems using computer technology. Of course, the presented algorithm is most suitable for the diagnosis of parameters of multidimensional fluctuation systems, but of course, in this case, widespread use of modern computer technology is necessary. If in the system it is necessary to determine the degree of influence of various physical parameters on the vector of the state, then it is necessary to consider the matrix of relative sensitivity. Sensitivity matrices allow determining sensitive and invariant parameters to the state vector. This information answers the question of which parameters determine the vibrational characteristics of the object to the greatest extent. In addition, the determination of the sensitivity matrix can significantly simplify the dynamic model of the system, leaving only those parameters that most determine the vibrational state of the system. Keywords: construction, press-threaded connection, dynamic parameters, structural model, deformation, deviation, frequency and amplitude of oscillations, sensitivity of dynamic parameters, algorithm, sensitivity matrix, methodology.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134922444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-85-91
K. Meteshkin, M. Pilicheva, L. Masliy
A modern cadastral system should include a legal, technical and economic component. The legal component determines information about owners and users taking into account the historical aspect of registration of property rights, the technical component should include data on the location of the land plot, its quantitative and qualitative indicators, and the economic component, in turn, forms an idea of the ways of using this land plot and its value. There are various types of land cadastral systems, which differ in their structure and functionality, so the study of their main characteristics is an urgent issue today. The purpose of this article is to determine the main characteristics and features of cadastral systems with the aim of improving the State Land Cadastre of Ukraine. Modern cadastral systems of the world are organized mainly by the land registration component. According to this feature, two main systems of securing rights to land ownership or real estate are distinguished: "Agreement system" and "Title system". The difference between the two concepts is related to the cultural development and judicial system of the country and is whether only the transaction is registered (deal system) or the title itself is registered and protected (title system). А comparative analysis of the developed and reliable European cadastral systems of Austria, Germany, Switzerland and France was performed. It was established that all considered cadastral systems have the same characteristics, such as: completeness and accuracy of geodata – presented in the form of a detailed cadastral map; accessibility and ease of use – access to cadastral systems is free and available to citizens; security level – modern technologies are used to protect data, including encryption and authentication of users; regularity of updates – usually once a year, and distinctive features, namely: variety of functions that they solve; various data collection systems are used; different level of integration with other systems. Keywords: cadastral system, state land cadastre, geospatial data, land plot, geoportal.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF CADASTRAL SYSTEMS OF EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES","authors":"K. Meteshkin, M. Pilicheva, L. Masliy","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-85-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-85-91","url":null,"abstract":"A modern cadastral system should include a legal, technical and economic component. The legal component determines information about owners and users taking into account the historical aspect of registration of property rights, the technical component should include data on the location of the land plot, its quantitative and qualitative indicators, and the economic component, in turn, forms an idea of the ways of using this land plot and its value. There are various types of land cadastral systems, which differ in their structure and functionality, so the study of their main characteristics is an urgent issue today. The purpose of this article is to determine the main characteristics and features of cadastral systems with the aim of improving the State Land Cadastre of Ukraine. Modern cadastral systems of the world are organized mainly by the land registration component. According to this feature, two main systems of securing rights to land ownership or real estate are distinguished: \"Agreement system\" and \"Title system\". The difference between the two concepts is related to the cultural development and judicial system of the country and is whether only the transaction is registered (deal system) or the title itself is registered and protected (title system). А comparative analysis of the developed and reliable European cadastral systems of Austria, Germany, Switzerland and France was performed. It was established that all considered cadastral systems have the same characteristics, such as: completeness and accuracy of geodata – presented in the form of a detailed cadastral map; accessibility and ease of use – access to cadastral systems is free and available to citizens; security level – modern technologies are used to protect data, including encryption and authentication of users; regularity of updates – usually once a year, and distinctive features, namely: variety of functions that they solve; various data collection systems are used; different level of integration with other systems. Keywords: cadastral system, state land cadastre, geospatial data, land plot, geoportal.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134922890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-104-108
O. Kanivets
The relevance of the formation and implementation of land use monitoring of united territorial communities has been proven. The purpose of the research is the formation of modern trends in the development and implementation of land use monitoring of united territorial communities. The tasks are solved in the work: improvement of theoretical provisions regarding the definition of land use monitoring; characteristics of typological principles regarding the definition of monitoring; development of an integrated approach to assessing the level of land use; development of geo-information support for monitoring. Monitoring of land use of united territorial communities is a system consisting of spatial, urban planning, ecological and socio-economic support, determined on the basis of evaluation procedures by applying analytical, expert methods, mathematical modeling, tools of geoinformation systems. The typological principles of determining land use factors on the basis of spatial, urban planning, socio-economic and environmental support are characterized, which allow to carry out an integral assessment of the level of development and use of monitoring procedures. The proposed geo-information monitoring support is defined as the resulting element of the formation and implementation of monitoring for increasing the efficiency of land use in the context of creating conditions for regional development. The method of integral assessment is proposed as the main element of the technology of formation and implementation of monitoring, based on analytical and expert methods, which made it possible to form a systematic monitoring environment at the regional level. The application of this method provides opportunities for mathematical modeling of the influence of factors and the construction of geo-information support for this process. Keywords: monitoring, united territorial communities, monitoring GIS map.
{"title":"CURRENT DIRECTIONS OF FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LAND USE MONITORING OF UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES","authors":"O. Kanivets","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-104-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-104-108","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the formation and implementation of land use monitoring of united territorial communities has been proven. The purpose of the research is the formation of modern trends in the development and implementation of land use monitoring of united territorial communities. The tasks are solved in the work: improvement of theoretical provisions regarding the definition of land use monitoring; characteristics of typological principles regarding the definition of monitoring; development of an integrated approach to assessing the level of land use; development of geo-information support for monitoring. Monitoring of land use of united territorial communities is a system consisting of spatial, urban planning, ecological and socio-economic support, determined on the basis of evaluation procedures by applying analytical, expert methods, mathematical modeling, tools of geoinformation systems. The typological principles of determining land use factors on the basis of spatial, urban planning, socio-economic and environmental support are characterized, which allow to carry out an integral assessment of the level of development and use of monitoring procedures. The proposed geo-information monitoring support is defined as the resulting element of the formation and implementation of monitoring for increasing the efficiency of land use in the context of creating conditions for regional development. The method of integral assessment is proposed as the main element of the technology of formation and implementation of monitoring, based on analytical and expert methods, which made it possible to form a systematic monitoring environment at the regional level. The application of this method provides opportunities for mathematical modeling of the influence of factors and the construction of geo-information support for this process. Keywords: monitoring, united territorial communities, monitoring GIS map.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134922292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-92-97
V. Frolov
The study analyzed international approaches to environmental monitoring of urban land use. Systematic studies of the problem and scientific views are revealed. Based on the results of the research, the importance of spatial support for environmental monitoring is summarized. Specific examples show the role of geospatial data application in the process of monitoring urban environmental problems. Environmental monitoring of urban land use is an important tool for ensuring sustainable development of cities. Although there are many technologies and methods for monitoring, researchers focus on issues of efficiency, usability, technology dependency, and data quality. It is important to ensure the availability of data and the human capacity to carry out monitoring to ensure successful results and improve the management of urban development. However, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of each specific area and its environmental problems, as well as understand the needs and expectations of local residents. Therefore, before the implementation of the monitoring system, it is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of needs and opportunities, involve interested parties and develop an appropriate interaction strategy. International experience demonstrates that land use monitoring systems are an important tool for ensuring environmental sustainability and development of urban areas. They allow identifying and solving environmental problems, preserving, and efficiently using natural resources, as well as ensuring sustainable development of cities and improving the quality of life of local residents. The researched issues in the article reveal various global practices and provide an opportunity to comprehensively assess the importance of creating a qualitative spatial basis for environmental monitoring of land use in the urban environment. The issue of spatial provision of ecological monitoring of the use of land in the urban environment is quite complex and relevant in international practice, which requires a clear understanding of the system of factors of environmental impact on the land of the urban environment and requires the creation of a monitoring system for ecological processes that take place in cities and have a significant impact on their ecosystems. Keywords: spatial support, environmental monitoring, geoinformation system, land plot, land management, cadastral data, land use, information support, automation.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF SPATIAL PROVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF LAND USE IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT","authors":"V. Frolov","doi":"10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-92-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2023-3-177-92-97","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzed international approaches to environmental monitoring of urban land use. Systematic studies of the problem and scientific views are revealed. Based on the results of the research, the importance of spatial support for environmental monitoring is summarized. Specific examples show the role of geospatial data application in the process of monitoring urban environmental problems. Environmental monitoring of urban land use is an important tool for ensuring sustainable development of cities. Although there are many technologies and methods for monitoring, researchers focus on issues of efficiency, usability, technology dependency, and data quality. It is important to ensure the availability of data and the human capacity to carry out monitoring to ensure successful results and improve the management of urban development. However, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of each specific area and its environmental problems, as well as understand the needs and expectations of local residents. Therefore, before the implementation of the monitoring system, it is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of needs and opportunities, involve interested parties and develop an appropriate interaction strategy. International experience demonstrates that land use monitoring systems are an important tool for ensuring environmental sustainability and development of urban areas. They allow identifying and solving environmental problems, preserving, and efficiently using natural resources, as well as ensuring sustainable development of cities and improving the quality of life of local residents. The researched issues in the article reveal various global practices and provide an opportunity to comprehensively assess the importance of creating a qualitative spatial basis for environmental monitoring of land use in the urban environment. The issue of spatial provision of ecological monitoring of the use of land in the urban environment is quite complex and relevant in international practice, which requires a clear understanding of the system of factors of environmental impact on the land of the urban environment and requires the creation of a monitoring system for ecological processes that take place in cities and have a significant impact on their ecosystems. Keywords: spatial support, environmental monitoring, geoinformation system, land plot, land management, cadastral data, land use, information support, automation.","PeriodicalId":56194,"journal":{"name":"Komunal''ne Gospodarstvo Mist","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134922293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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