Pub Date : 2025-06-15DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104201
Mingxin Zhang, Reeva Lederman, Ofir Turel
Through a systematic literature review, we unravel current theorizing on private information disclosure (PID). We note that existing models of PID have mainly taken an individual-level perspective. In line with current understanding of privacy management, we posit that PID should be more systematically understood as a multilevel phenomenon, for two reasons. First, the disclosed information sometimes concerns multiple stakeholders beyond oneself. Second, disclosing private information can often be affected by hierarchically structured (nested) humans within social units. To this end, we propose a multilevel theoretical framework together with future recommendations, aimed at inspiring future multilevel PID research.
{"title":"Toward multilevel research on private information disclosure: A systematic review and future agenda","authors":"Mingxin Zhang, Reeva Lederman, Ofir Turel","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through a systematic literature review, we unravel current theorizing on private information disclosure (PID). We note that existing models of PID have mainly taken an individual-level perspective. In line with current understanding of privacy management, we posit that PID should be more systematically understood as a multilevel phenomenon, for two reasons. First, the disclosed information sometimes concerns multiple stakeholders beyond oneself. Second, disclosing private information can often be affected by hierarchically structured (nested) humans within social units. To this end, we propose a multilevel theoretical framework together with future recommendations, aimed at inspiring future multilevel PID research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104201"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-12DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104200
Wen Zhang , Xuan Zhang , Qiang Wang , Jian Li , Zhenzhong Ma
E-commerce firms engaged in online review manipulation mislead online consumers in their purchasing decision-making and undermine the credibility of the platform they are using. Although researchers have proposed various measures to combat review manipulation, few studies have considered platforms’ revenues from an economic perspective and explored how platforms affect the review manipulation of two asymmetrical firms. To fill this research gap, this paper develops a three-player game model to systematically explore the impact of review manipulation governance imposed by a platform on itself and on two asymmetrical firms offering substitutable commodities on the same platform. The results reveal that governance helps firms avoid situations in which they should engage in manipulation due to competitive pressures. Furthermore, even in the presence of governance, both firms may become trapped in a prisoner’s dilemma. Even if the platform imposes review manipulation governance, both firms and the platform can benefit from manipulation. We also consider the temporal effects of governance on the platform’s revenue and validate whether it is beneficial for the platform to impose review manipulation governance in the long run. Quantitative analysis is conducted to elucidate the benefits that can be attained by the three parties under different circumstances. This analysis holds practical significance for e-commerce platforms and firms seeking to impose appropriate measures pertaining to review manipulation.
{"title":"Stop it or not? Effect of platform’s governance on firms’ online review manipulation","authors":"Wen Zhang , Xuan Zhang , Qiang Wang , Jian Li , Zhenzhong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>E-commerce firms engaged in online review manipulation mislead online consumers in their purchasing decision-making and undermine the credibility of the platform they are using. Although researchers have proposed various measures to combat review manipulation, few studies have considered platforms’ revenues from an economic perspective and explored how platforms affect the review manipulation of two asymmetrical firms. To fill this research gap, this paper develops a three-player game model to systematically explore the impact of review manipulation governance imposed by a platform on itself and on two asymmetrical firms offering substitutable commodities on the same platform. The results reveal that governance helps firms avoid situations in which they should engage in manipulation due to competitive pressures. Furthermore, even in the presence of governance, both firms may become trapped in a prisoner’s dilemma. Even if the platform imposes review manipulation governance, both firms and the platform can benefit from manipulation. We also consider the temporal effects of governance on the platform’s revenue and validate whether it is beneficial for the platform to impose review manipulation governance in the long run. Quantitative analysis is conducted to elucidate the benefits that can be attained by the three parties under different circumstances. This analysis holds practical significance for e-commerce platforms and firms seeking to impose appropriate measures pertaining to review manipulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104200"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104198
Haiyang Feng , Muzi Li , Wenfan Zhao , Nan Feng
This paper examines the conditions under which a paid viewership model generates more profits for Q&A platforms compared to a free viewership model. We find that when the unit cost of answer quality is low, the platform should adopt the free viewership model to attract more viewers. Otherwise, the paid viewership model is more profitable, as it incentivizes both askers and answerers to engage more actively. While the answerer consistently benefits more under the paid viewership model, active askers are better off only when the viewership fee remains low.
{"title":"Optimal revenue model for Q&A platforms: Paid or free viewership?","authors":"Haiyang Feng , Muzi Li , Wenfan Zhao , Nan Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the conditions under which a paid viewership model generates more profits for Q&A platforms compared to a free viewership model. We find that when the unit cost of answer quality is low, the platform should adopt the free viewership model to attract more viewers. Otherwise, the paid viewership model is more profitable, as it incentivizes both askers and answerers to engage more actively. While the answerer consistently benefits more under the paid viewership model, active askers are better off only when the viewership fee remains low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104198"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-10DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104196
Fang Su , Ji-Ye Mao , Bing Wang
Organizational resilience is crucial for information technology (IT) service vendors, as they are highly vulnerable to major exogenous shocks. Extant resilience studies in the information systems (IS) field focus on the resilience of IS or the resilience of organizations that utilize IS. However, neither perspective adequately addresses how IT service vendors build organizational resilience in response to exogenous shocks. Using the feedback loop, this study investigates how IT service vendors interact with their environment to build resilience. Through an in-depth case study of two Chinese IT offshoring vendors, we found that IT service vendors can build organizational resilience through outside-in and inside-out processes to form a new stable state after experiencing major exogenous shocks: (1) In the outside-in process, vendors absorb external resources to build new capabilities. The combination of developing resilient IT portfolios with the collective interpretation of business domains facilitates the process. (2) In the inside-out process, vendors establish and improve client relationships by demonstrating their solutions and experiences. Our findings unpack the resilience development process, enrich the understanding of resilience in IS research, and extend the literature on IT service vendors’ risk management and organizational resilience.
{"title":"How Do IT Service Vendors Build Organizational Resilience in Response to Major Exogenous Shocks?","authors":"Fang Su , Ji-Ye Mao , Bing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organizational resilience is crucial for information technology (IT) service vendors, as they are highly vulnerable to major exogenous shocks. Extant resilience studies in the information systems (IS) field focus on the resilience of IS or the resilience of organizations that utilize IS. However, neither perspective adequately addresses how IT service vendors build organizational resilience in response to exogenous shocks. Using the feedback loop, this study investigates how IT service vendors interact with their environment to build resilience. Through an in-depth case study of two Chinese IT offshoring vendors, we found that IT service vendors can build organizational resilience through outside-in and inside-out processes to form a new stable state after experiencing major exogenous shocks: (1) In the outside-in process, vendors absorb external resources to build new capabilities. The combination of developing resilient IT portfolios with the collective interpretation of business domains facilitates the process. (2) In the inside-out process, vendors establish and improve client relationships by demonstrating their solutions and experiences. Our findings unpack the resilience development process, enrich the understanding of resilience in IS research, and extend the literature on IT service vendors’ risk management and organizational resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104196"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-10DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104199
Yinan Qi , Kexin Hou , Min Zhang , Tianlong Pu , Hangfei Guo
Digitalization is widely regarded as a strategic approach to gaining competitive advantage. However, some firms have suffered from the digitalization paradox, meaning that investments in digitalization cannot always achieve the expected performance improvement. This study examines how the digitalization of a firm affects its financial performance and the moderating effect of digitalization proximity between the firm and its supplier. The results suggest an inverted U-shaped relationship between a firm’s digitalization and financial performance. Furthermore, the positive moderating role of digitalization proximity in this nonlinear relationship suggests that alignment with suppliers in digitalization allows a firm to materialize the benefits of digitalization. This study provides evidence of the complex relationship between digitalization and financial performance. It empirically demonstrates the importance of aligning with supply chain partners for digitalization to enhance performance benefits. It also offers practical guidance for managers in navigating the evolving digital landscape.
{"title":"Digitalization and financial performance: A supply chain perspective","authors":"Yinan Qi , Kexin Hou , Min Zhang , Tianlong Pu , Hangfei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digitalization is widely regarded as a strategic approach to gaining competitive advantage. However, some firms have suffered from the digitalization paradox, meaning that investments in digitalization cannot always achieve the expected performance improvement. This study examines how the digitalization of a firm affects its financial performance and the moderating effect of digitalization proximity between the firm and its supplier. The results suggest an inverted U-shaped relationship between a firm’s digitalization and financial performance. Furthermore, the positive moderating role of digitalization proximity in this nonlinear relationship suggests that alignment with suppliers in digitalization allows a firm to materialize the benefits of digitalization. This study provides evidence of the complex relationship between digitalization and financial performance. It empirically demonstrates the importance of aligning with supply chain partners for digitalization to enhance performance benefits. It also offers practical guidance for managers in navigating the evolving digital landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104199"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104194
Xusen Cheng , Lu Gao , Xin (Robert) Luo
Communication and reflection abilities are critical in managing strategic cooperation between humans and Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI), especially when facing conflict in decision-making. This study introduces two variations of EmotionPrompt strategies, drawing on regulatory focus theory, to explore both individuals' perceptions of GAI ability and their empowerment in self-competence when handling disagreements. An experiment between humans and GAI chatbots in determining product promotion strategy showed that emotional prompts impact individuals' reappraisals of both chatbots and their own performance profoundly, cultivating self-determination in the final decision. Importantly, EmotionPrompt with promotion orientation can increase the perceived flexibility of chatbot decision-makers, facilitating individual self-enhancement and trust in GAI competence. In contrast, the prevention-oriented EmotionPrompt appears to constrain individuals' judgments and decision-making processes, as evidenced by the increased occurrence of inhibit words and anxiety emotions in their reflections. These findings provide novel perspectives on implementing specific regulatory-oriented EmotionPrompt strategies in GAI to address opinion conflicts in decision-making with humans.
{"title":"From emotion to reflection: leveraging EmotionPrompt strategy to empower self-determination in decision-making with generative artificial intelligence","authors":"Xusen Cheng , Lu Gao , Xin (Robert) Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Communication and reflection abilities are critical in managing strategic cooperation between humans and Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI), especially when facing conflict in decision-making. This study introduces two variations of EmotionPrompt strategies, drawing on regulatory focus theory, to explore both individuals' perceptions of GAI ability and their empowerment in self-competence when handling disagreements. An experiment between humans and GAI chatbots in determining product promotion strategy showed that emotional prompts impact individuals' reappraisals of both chatbots and their own performance profoundly, cultivating self-determination in the final decision. Importantly, EmotionPrompt with promotion orientation can increase the perceived flexibility of chatbot decision-makers, facilitating individual self-enhancement and trust in GAI competence. In contrast, the prevention-oriented EmotionPrompt appears to constrain individuals' judgments and decision-making processes, as evidenced by the increased occurrence of inhibit words and anxiety emotions in their reflections. These findings provide novel perspectives on implementing specific regulatory-oriented EmotionPrompt strategies in GAI to address opinion conflicts in decision-making with humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104194"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104195
Wenyu Yang, Peijian Song, Yinglin Ruan
Cross-side network effects (CNEs) have been widely acknowledged in platform literature for their central role in shaping platform growth and governance. While growing literature focuses on the relative strengths of CNEs driven by suppliers and consumers, most studies assume that suppliers are homogeneous and thereby overlook the potential heterogeneity of CNEs driven by different suppliers. This study contributes by further distinguishing between nonprofessional and professional suppliers on P2P platforms. Using panel-vector-auto-regression (PVAR) analysis, we examine whether the strengths of CNEs between suppliers and consumers are heterogeneous across these two types of suppliers. The empirical results suggest that regarding supplier-to-consumer CNEs, both the quantity and quality of nonprofessional suppliers (vs. professional suppliers) have stronger CNEs on consumer size. In turn, regarding consumer-to-supplier CNEs, consumer size has stronger CNEs on the quantity of nonprofessional suppliers (vs. professional suppliers) but has weaker CNEs on the quality of nonprofessional suppliers (vs. professional suppliers). These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of the dynamic nature of CNEs and practical strategies for platform governance in coordinating with nonprofessional and professional suppliers.
{"title":"Heterogeneous cross-side network effects on peer-to-peer platforms: Implications of nonprofessional suppliers and professional suppliers","authors":"Wenyu Yang, Peijian Song, Yinglin Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cross-side network effects (CNEs) have been widely acknowledged in platform literature for their central role in shaping platform growth and governance. While growing literature focuses on the relative strengths of CNEs driven by suppliers and consumers, most studies assume that suppliers are homogeneous and thereby overlook the potential heterogeneity of CNEs driven by different suppliers. This study contributes by further distinguishing between nonprofessional and professional suppliers on P2P platforms. Using panel-vector-auto-regression (PVAR) analysis, we examine whether the strengths of CNEs between suppliers and consumers are heterogeneous across these two types of suppliers. The empirical results suggest that regarding supplier-to-consumer CNEs, both the quantity and quality of nonprofessional suppliers (vs. professional suppliers) have stronger CNEs on consumer size. In turn, regarding consumer-to-supplier CNEs, consumer size has stronger CNEs on the quantity of nonprofessional suppliers (vs. professional suppliers) but has weaker CNEs on the quality of nonprofessional suppliers (vs. professional suppliers). These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of the dynamic nature of CNEs and practical strategies for platform governance in coordinating with nonprofessional and professional suppliers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104195"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104182
Jia Jin , Ailian Wang , Cuicui Wang , Qingguo Ma
{"title":"Erratum to “How do consumers perceive and process online overall vs. individual text-based reviews? Behavioral and eye-tracking evidence” [Information & Management 60/5 (2023) 103795]","authors":"Jia Jin , Ailian Wang , Cuicui Wang , Qingguo Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104182"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2025.104186
Hoon S. Choi , Eui Jun Jeong , Dan J. Kim
This study aims to clarify an ongoing controversy among stakeholders in the video game domain by examining the differential effect of self-determined motivation and need frustration on adaptive game use and game addiction. The findings reveal that the factors related to self-determined motivation are more closely linked to adaptive game use. Conversely, those about need frustration are more tightly associated with game addiction. The results suggest that adolescents’ game addiction mainly stems from need frustration arising from an unsatisfactory reality. Academic stress emerges as the primary driver of the transition from adaptive game use to game addiction.
{"title":"What makes video gaming productive or addictive? Differential effect of self-determined motivation and need frustration on adolescents’ video gaming","authors":"Hoon S. Choi , Eui Jun Jeong , Dan J. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to clarify an ongoing controversy among stakeholders in the video game domain by examining the differential effect of self-determined motivation and need frustration on adaptive game use and game addiction. The findings reveal that the factors related to self-determined motivation are more closely linked to adaptive game use. Conversely, those about need frustration are more tightly associated with game addiction. The results suggest that adolescents’ game addiction mainly stems from need frustration arising from an unsatisfactory reality. Academic stress emerges as the primary driver of the transition from adaptive game use to game addiction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104186"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Avatars, serving as a medium for users’ self-presentation, play a significant role in bridging the real and virtual worlds. Limited research has considered users’ desire to present their “hoped-for possible selves” when examining the effect of avatar design. This study addresses this gap by conducting four empirical investigations of the impact of avatar appearance design, particularly realism, on users’ continuing intention to use virtual products. It was found that low-realism avatars, as opposed to high-realism ones, increased users’ continuing use intention. Wishful identification and immersive experience serially mediated the avatar realism effect. The moderating role of users’ familiarity with other avatars was also examined, suggesting that when users were familiar with other avatars, the impact of avatar realism diminished. These findings provide significant contributions to the existing literature and offer actionable guidance for the design of avatars within social virtual environments.
{"title":"The effect of the realism degree of avatars in social virtual worlds: The perspective of self-presentation","authors":"Jiahui Huang , Minxue Huang , Mengmeng Zhan , Dawei Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.im.2025.104185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avatars, serving as a medium for users’ self-presentation, play a significant role in bridging the real and virtual worlds. Limited research has considered users’ desire to present their “hoped-for possible selves” when examining the effect of avatar design. This study addresses this gap by conducting four empirical investigations of the impact of avatar appearance design, particularly realism, on users’ continuing intention to use virtual products. It was found that low-realism avatars, as opposed to high-realism ones, increased users’ continuing use intention. Wishful identification and immersive experience serially mediated the avatar realism effect. The moderating role of users’ familiarity with other avatars was also examined, suggesting that when users were familiar with other avatars, the impact of avatar realism diminished. These findings provide significant contributions to the existing literature and offer actionable guidance for the design of avatars within social virtual environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56291,"journal":{"name":"Information & Management","volume":"62 7","pages":"Article 104185"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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