Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

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Prevalence and investigation of Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in blood donors from the main blood establishment in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil 巴西里约热内卢主要血液机构献血者巨细胞病毒（HCMV）流行情况及调查

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2025.104508

Agildo da Silva Oliveira , Jéssica Gonçalves Pereira , Gabrielle Tantos Nunes , Ivanildo Pedro de Sousa Junior , Dmitry José de Santana Sarmento , Josiane Iole França Lopes , Luiz Amorim Filho , Vanessa Salete de Paula

Background

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. HCMV transmission can occur through blood transfusions and typically results in asymptomatic infections in newborns and young individuals or causes symptoms like infectious mononucleosis when symptomatic infections arise. HCMV infection poses a notable risk to transfusion recipients, particularly in vulnerable groups such as premature newborns and immunosuppressed patients. The risk persists even after prophylaxis ends, especially in patients who undergo organ transplantation and receive blood or blood products from a seropositive donor while being seronegative themselves (D+/R-).

Materials and methods

Here, we investigated the serological and molecular prevalence of HCMV among 980 blood donors from the main blood bank in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using chemiluminescence and real-time PCR (TaqMan). The data underwent univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical analyses using the SPSS program, version 20.0.

Results

The average age of donors was 38.53 years, with a majority being male (53.9 %). The prevalence of cytomegalovirus was 88.5 %, and HCMV DNA was detected in 1.2 % of the samples.

Discussion

Given that there are approximately 100,000 blood donations per year, this prevalence rate is considerably high compared to that in developed countries. These findings underscore the critical need for ongoing surveillance and molecular testing to ensure the safety of blood supplies.

人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）仍然是孕妇和免疫功能低下患者发病和死亡的重要原因。HCMV可通过输血传播，通常导致新生儿和年轻人无症状感染，或在出现症状性感染时引起传染性单核细胞增多症等症状。HCMV感染对输血受者构成显著风险，特别是在早产儿和免疫抑制患者等弱势群体中。即使在预防结束后，风险仍然存在，特别是在接受器官移植并接受血清学阳性供者血液或血液制品而自身血清学阴性（D+/R-）的患者中。材料与方法采用化学发光和实时荧光定量PCR （TaqMan）技术，对巴西巴西里约热内卢市主要血库980名献血者进行了HCMV血清学和分子流行病学调查。使用SPSS 20.0版本对数据进行单变量、双变量和多变量统计分析。结果献血者平均年龄38.53岁，以男性居多（53.9%）。巨细胞病毒检出率为88.5%，HCMV DNA检出率为1.2%。鉴于每年大约有10万次献血，与发达国家相比，这一流行率相当高。这些发现强调了持续监测和分子检测以确保血液供应安全的迫切需要。

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