Iranian Polymer Journal最新文献_第2页

Epoxy/cashew nut shell liquid hybrid polymer composite reinforced with sisal fiber mat and stainless steel wire mesh: mechanical and thermal behavior study

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01388-5

Mohana Priya G, Dhavamani C

Attentions are focused on developing a special type of hybrid polymer matrix consisting of a combination of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and epoxy polymer composites with sisal fiber mat and stainless steel wire mesh (SSWM) as reinforcements. The present research addresses two different issues such as focusing on developing sustainable materials and also, renewable and cost-effective alternatives to synthetic counterparts. The composite materials were fabricated using compression molding and their performance was assessed by examining mechanical and thermal behavior. Hybrid polymer composites (HP) have comparatively lower flexural performance than plain epoxy polymer composites (EP), i.e., a decrease from 42 to 38.5 MPa. However, when the SSWM along with sisal fiber mat was incorporated into the hybrid polymer, the flexural performance increased almost equivalent to that of the sisal fiber-reinforced epoxy polymer composites, i.e., 98.2–120 MPa. With a fairly increase in the tensile performance of the composite laminate, the flexural performance could be increased by incorporating SSWM into the hybrid polymer. More than 50% enhancement in impact strength, i.e., 0.3 to ~ 1.0 J, was observed for the hybrid polymer reinforced with sisal and SSWM compared to composites without SSWM reinforcement. The inclusion of SSWM into the composites and also modifying epoxy as a hybrid polymer matrix showed a detrimental effect on the thermal stability of the composite material.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0

Effects of the molecular structure of graft-quaternization double modified chitosan on the functional properties of electrospun antibacterial nanofiber

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01375-w

Manli Li, Shengbin Zhu, Xiaohong Li, Enqi Jin

Graft polymerization-quaternization double modification has become a new effective method for preparing antibacterial chitosan (CS) in recent years. To improve the properties of double modified CS, the effects of molecular structures of amino-containing acrylate (ACA) monomer grafted onto CS (CS-g-PACA) and a quaternary ammonium reagent used for the quaternization of CS-g-PACA have been investigated in the study. A series of ACA monomers, i.e., dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA) and 2-(tert-butyl amino)ethyl methacrylate (TBAEMA), were firstly grafted onto the molecular chain of CS. Then, CS-g-PACA was quaternized by various quaternary ammonium reagents, i.e., three kinds of chloralkane include 1-chlorobutane, 1-chlorooctane and 1-chlorododecane. The modified CS was blended with PVA to prepare nanofiber membranes by electrospinning. The major functional properties of the nanofiber membranes, e.g., fiber morphology, thermal stability, tensile property, water stability, and inhibition of E.coli and S.aureus as representatives of gram negative and positive bacterial, were evaluated systematically. The results showed that when ACA and chloralkane were TBAEMA and 1-chlorobutane, respectively, the graft-quaternization double modified CS/PVA blend nanofiber membrane possessed a more uniform and smooth fiber structure, higher thermal stability, tensile strength, water stability, and better inhibition function to the bacteria. For instance, the diameter of the fiber could reach ~ 180 nm and tensile strength of the fiber membrane could touch the value of 20.1 MPa as well. The inhibition rate of E.coli and S.aureus was as high as 95.9% and 99.6%, respectively. Double modified CS nanofibers have shown great potential to be used as biocompatible and environment-friendly medical and hygiene textiles.

Graphical abstract

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic mechanical and thermal analysis of 3D-printed ABS/POE blends for tunable mechanical properties

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01391-w

Lingqin Xia, Ruiquan Wang, Luyu Zheng, Guang Chen, Yihang Fang

This work presents a novel approach to fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing by integrating polyolefin elastomer (POE) into acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). While FDM is versatile and cost effective, the brittleness and poor impact resistance of ABS limit its applications. By incorporating 10–50 wt% POE, this work aimed to enhance the mechanical properties and printability of ABS/POE blends. The effects on processing, thermomechanical characteristics, phase structure, and mechanical performance were comprehensively evaluated. The addition of POE significantly increased the toughness of ABS, particularly at elevated temperatures, as indicated by higher tan δ values from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). However, this led to an 84% reduction in storage modulus for the 50 wt% POE/ABS blend. Tensile tests showed more pronounced non-linear elastic–plastic response at higher POE contents, reducing ultimate tensile strength from 29.11 MPa to 9.51 MPa but increasing elongation-at-break value. Compression tests indicated strain softening effects, at 30 wt% POE, ABS/POE blend exhibiting a 300% spontaneous decrease in strength, likely due to chain slippage or phase separation. SEM analysis revealed greater phase cohesion and interdiffusion at higher POE contents, alongside increased surface roughness. This work demonstrated that a tailored balance of strength, flexibility, and printability could be achieved with ABS/POE blends, made them suitable for FDM-printed components across diverse industries and opened new opportunities for applications requiring enhanced durability and performance.

Graphical abstract

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引用次数: 0

Pronouncedly elevated impact toughness of isotactic polypropylene upon annealing realized by introducing alkyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester 通过引入烷基封端超支化聚酯，退火后异策聚丙烯的冲击韧性明显提高

IF 3.1 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01390-x

Jingru Liu, Huiting Chen, Yi Li

The promoted mobility of chain segments in the amorphous region of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is beneficial to the improvement of its impact toughness. In the present work, two kinds of hyperbranched polyesters with different lengths of alkyl-terminated groups (octadecyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester HBP-C18, and hexyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester HBP-C6) were incorporated into iPP through melt-blending, respectively. Then the blends were annealed at different temperatures. Polarized optical microscopy and dynamic rheology results reveal that HBP-C18 only performs the function of lubricant on iPP. As a consequence, the incorporation of HBP-C18 weakens the impact strength of iPP, and further annealing treatment results in sharp depression of the impact toughness of iPP/HBP-C18 blend. On the contrary, dramatically enhanced impact toughness of iPP could be achieved by the incorporation of HBP-C6 and further annealing treatment. After being annealed at 120 °C for 3 h, the impact strength of iPP/HBP-C6 reaches 16.0 kJ m⁻², 119% higher than that of its unannealed counterpart, almost 186% higher than that of annealed iPP, and even elevated by 400% in contrast to that of unannealed iPP. Introducing a small amount of HBP-C6 with dual roles of plasticizer and pore-forming agent as well as further annealing treatment not only promote prominently the mobility of chain segments in the amorphous region of the iPP matrix, but also induce the formation of massive microvoids, giving rise to intense plastic deformation under the impact load condition, and therefore pronouncedly elevated impact toughness of iPP could be obtained. This work could provide a novel and effective strategy for iPP toughening.

Graphical abstract

促进异方根聚丙烯（iPP）无定形区链段的流动性有利于提高其冲击韧性。在本研究中，两种具有不同长度烷基端基的超支化聚酯（十八烷基端基超支化聚酯 HBP-C18 和己基端基超支化聚酯 HBP-C6）分别通过熔融共混的方法加入到 iPP 中。然后在不同温度下对混合物进行退火处理。偏光光学显微镜和动态流变学结果表明，HBP-C18 只对 iPP 起润滑作用。因此，HBP-C18 的加入会削弱 iPP 的冲击强度，进一步退火处理会导致 iPP/HBP-C18 混合物的冲击韧性急剧下降。相反，通过加入 HBP-C6 和进一步退火处理，iPP 的冲击韧性显著增强。在 120 °C 下退火 3 小时后，iPP/HBP-C6 的冲击强度达到 16.0 kJ m-2，比未退火的 iPP 高 119%，比退火的 iPP 高近 186%，甚至比未退火的 iPP 高 400%。引入少量具有增塑剂和孔隙形成剂双重作用的 HBP-C6 并进行进一步退火处理，不仅能显著提高 iPP 基体无定形区链段的流动性，还能诱导形成大量微空洞，在冲击载荷条件下产生强烈的塑性变形，从而显著提高 iPP 的冲击韧性。这项研究为 iPP 的增韧提供了一种新颖而有效的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Rice husk/glass fiber-reinforced poly(lactic acid) hybrid composites: rheological and dynamic mechanical study 稻壳/玻璃纤维增强聚（乳酸）混合复合材料：流变学和动态力学研究

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01384-9

Mustafa Kuyumcu, Gokce Kurt, Alper Kasgoz, Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen

This study explores the effects of incorporating rice husk, glass fiber, and a POE-g-Mah(ethylene–octene copolymer functionalized with maleic anhydride) compatibilizer on the properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based composites. Through SEM analyses, it is observed that enhanced filler dispersion and interfacial bonding between the PLA matrix and fillers with POE-g-Mah result in improved composite compatibility. The rheological percolation threshold of the rice husk is determined above 30% for the samples containing only PLA and rice husk; however, it is determined between 20 and 30% for the samples containing the POE-g-Mah. The incorporation of POE-g-Mah into the polymer phase causes much higher modulus values compared to its counterparts with the same filler concentration. The DMA results revealed significant enhancements in the modulus of elasticity and damping properties when rice husk and glass fiber were added. The composite with 20% (by weight) rice husk and 5% (by weight) compatibilizer doubled its elastic modulus at 40 °C and increased fivefold to 65 °C with an additional 15% (by weight) glass fiber. This modification substantially reduced energy dissipation and improved damping performance and dimensional stability, which was also evidenced by a decrease in thermal expansion. These findings imply the potential of using rice husk, glass fiber, and POE-g-Mah to significantly enhance the mechanical and thermal properties, offering valuable insights for developing high-performance sustainable materials.

Graphical abstract

本研究探讨了加入稻壳、玻璃纤维和 POE-g-Mah（马来酸酐官能化的乙烯-辛烯共聚物）相容剂对聚乳酸（PLA）基复合材料性能的影响。通过 SEM 分析发现，POE-g-Mah 增强了填料的分散性以及聚乳酸基体与填料之间的界面结合，从而提高了复合材料的相容性。在仅含聚乳酸和稻壳的样品中，稻壳的流变渗流阈值高于 30%；而在含 POE-g-Mah 的样品中，该阈值在 20% 至 30% 之间。在聚合物相中掺入 POE-g-Mah 会导致模量值大大高于具有相同填料浓度的同类样品。DMA 结果表明，添加稻壳和玻璃纤维后，弹性模量和阻尼特性明显提高。添加 20% （重量）稻壳和 5% （重量）相容剂的复合材料在 40 °C 时的弹性模量增加了一倍，而添加 15% （重量）玻璃纤维后，弹性模量在 65 °C 时增加了五倍。这种改性大大降低了能量耗散，改善了阻尼性能和尺寸稳定性，热膨胀率的降低也证明了这一点。这些研究结果表明，稻壳、玻璃纤维和 POE-g-Mah 具有显著提高机械和热性能的潜力，为开发高性能可持续材料提供了宝贵的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing drilling parameters for unidirectional glass fiber/nanoclay-epoxy matrix composites using gray relational analysis and response surface methodology 利用灰色关系分析和响应面方法优化单向玻璃纤维/纳米粘土-环氧基复合材料的钻孔参数

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01382-x

Sakine Kiratli, Hüseyin Gökçe

In this innovative study, the drilling performances of laminated composites containing different ratios (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt% ) of nanoclay were examined and optimized using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making method. Control factors included material (NC), feed rate (f), cutting speed (Vc), drill bit (D), were considered and an appropriate experimental design was made. Thrust force (Fc), cutting tool temperature (T), and delamination factor (Df) were determined as quality characteristics. Delamination in the holes was measured using imaging analysis, and a two-dimensional (2D) delamination factor based on the nominal diameter was calculated. As the nanoclay ratio increased, the Fc increased by over 50% due to the increase in friction and material strength. Conversely, as the drill tip angle decreased, a relative decrease was observed in the Fc and T values. According to the quality characteristics, NC was found to be the most effective control factor, with 65.53% and 70.74% for Fz and T, respectively, while D was found to be the most effective control factor with 41.23% for Df. Using Gray Relational Analysis, the optimum drilling parameters were found to be a pure composite material, a drill bit with a 90° tip angle, 140 m/min cutting speed, and a 0.04 mm/rev feed rate. The results calculated with the mathematical models obtained using the Response Surface Method were tested with a series of verification experiments. The relative error values of the results obtained from these experiments and the results measured from the models were calculated as approximately 1% for Fz, nearly 0.54% for T, and almost 1.48% for Df. The results calculated with the mathematical models obtained using the Response Surface Method were tested with a series of verification experiments. The relative error values of the results obtained from these experiments and the results calculated from the models were calculated as approximately 1% for Fz, approximately 0.54% for T, and approximately 1.48% for Df.

Graphical abstract

在这项创新性研究中，采用多标准决策法对含有不同比例（0、1、3 和 5 wt%）纳米土的层状复合材料的钻孔性能进行了检验和优化。考虑的控制因素包括材料（NC）、进给量（f）、切削速度（Vc）和钻头（D），并进行了适当的实验设计。推力 (Fc)、切削刀具温度 (T) 和分层系数 (Df) 被确定为质量特性。通过成像分析测量了孔中的分层情况，并计算出了基于公称直径的二维（2D）分层系数。随着纳米粘土比率的增加，由于摩擦力和材料强度的增加，Fc 增加了 50%以上。相反，随着钻尖角度的减小，Fc 和 T 值也相对减小。根据质量特性，NC 是最有效的控制因素，其 Fz 和 T 值分别为 65.53% 和 70.74%，而 D 是最有效的控制因素，其 Df 值为 41.23%。通过灰色关系分析，发现最佳钻孔参数为：纯复合材料、90° 尖端角的钻头、140 米/分钟的切削速度和 0.04 毫米/转的进给速度。利用响应面法获得的数学模型计算出的结果经过了一系列验证实验的检验。根据计算，这些实验得出的结果与模型测得的结果之间的相对误差值分别为：Fz 约为 1%，T 接近 0.54%，Df 接近 1.48%。利用响应面法获得的数学模型计算出的结果通过一系列验证实验进行了检验。实验结果与模型计算结果的相对误差值分别为：Fz 约为 1%，T 约为 0.54%，Df 约为 1.48%。

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引用次数: 0

Physio-mechanical and thermal characteristics of Mimosa pudica microfibers impregnated novel PLA biocomposite 浸渍新型聚乳酸生物复合材料的含羞草微纤维的物理力学特性和热学特性

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01387-6

Arnab Sengupta, Sarojrani Pattnaik, Mihir Kumar Sutar

The present work deals with the synthesis of compression-molded eco-friendly composites containing emerging biopolymer polylactic acid (PLA) impregnated with varying proportions (5, 10, and 15% by weight) of Mimosa pudica (MP) microfibers. Characteristics of the prepared composite variants were analyzed to figure out the influence of the novel fibers, derived by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) retting from the stem of the inedible plant with the common name—touch-me-not, which grows abundantly in tropical wastelands across the world. The physical attributes of the biocomposites accounted for in the study were density, void content, moisture content, and water absorption together with thickness swelling tendency. The maximum water absorption and thickness swelling of the composite samples, soaked in distilled water for 30 days, were recorded as 7.28% and 13.2%, respectively; both parameters increased with an increment in fibers loading in the composites. PLA composites with fiber content of 10% recorded the optimum tensile and flexural properties; tensile strength and modulus were 20 MPa and 6902 MPa and flexural strength and modulus were 28 MPa and 4758 MPa, respectively. The inclusion of MP fibers enhanced thermal stability of the PLA composites, indicated by thermogravimetric (TG) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analyses, with a maximum degradation temperature of 293 °C for 15 wt% fiber loading. Biodegradability test results of the composites displayed appreciable weight loss at the end of 90 days, with the highest of 40.96% for the sample containing 15 wt% fiber, which was favorable for the end-of-life disposal and seamless assimilation by nature.

Graphical abstract

本研究涉及合成压缩成型的生态友好型复合材料，其中包含浸渍了不同比例（5、10 和 15%（按重量计））含羞草（MP）超细纤维的新兴生物聚合物聚乳酸（PLA）。含羞草（MP）是一种不可食用的植物，俗称 "碰碰草"，它大量生长在世界各地的热带荒地上，通过氢氧化钠（NaOH）从这种植物的茎中提炼出新型纤维。研究中考虑的生物复合材料的物理属性包括密度、空隙率、含水率、吸水性和厚度膨胀趋势。在蒸馏水中浸泡 30 天后，复合材料样品的最大吸水率和厚度膨胀率分别为 7.28% 和 13.2%；这两个参数随着复合材料中纤维含量的增加而增加。纤维含量为 10%的聚乳酸复合材料具有最佳的拉伸和弯曲性能；拉伸强度和模量分别为 20 兆帕和 6902 兆帕，弯曲强度和模量分别为 28 兆帕和 4758 兆帕。热重（TG）和导数热重（DTG）分析表明，加入 MP 纤维增强了聚乳酸复合材料的热稳定性，纤维含量为 15 wt%时，最大降解温度为 293 ℃。复合材料的生物降解性测试结果表明，复合材料在 90 天后会出现明显的失重，其中纤维含量为 15 wt% 的样品的失重率最高，达到 40.96%，有利于废弃后的处理和自然界的无缝同化。

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引用次数: 0

Biodegradable, biocompatible, and self-healing, injectable hydrogel based on oxidized Azadirachta indica gum and carboxymethyl chitosan through dynamic imine-linkage for biomedical application 基于氧化杜鹃胶和羧甲基壳聚糖的可生物降解、生物相容性和自愈合注射用水凝胶，通过动态亚胺连接实现生物医学应用

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01386-7

Jitendra Kumar, Roli Purwar

At physiological temperature (37 °C), neem gum (NG) containing multialdehyde groups (NG-CHO) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) were combined to formulate an injectable hydrogel through the utilization of dynamic imine linkages. The investigation comprises determining the ideal oxidizing agent concentration to maximize the amount of aldehydes in neem gum. The best-oxidized neem gum determined the minimum gelation time (3 min). The injectable hydrogel's syringeability (~ 99%), porosity (47–71%), self-healing ability, and gel content (58–76%) were evaluated. Characterization techniques, including FTIR and ¹H NMR, confirmed the synthesis, and FESEM showed the morphology of the injectable hydrogel (pore size ~ 80 to 120 µm). Rheometry technique was used for quantitative analysis of shear-thinning behavior and self-healing ability. The swelling ratio was assessed for dry and gel forms of injectable hydrogels in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at pH 5.5, 7.4, and 8.5. The swelling ratio decreased as the pH increased (5.5–7.4) and then increased at pH 8.5 for all synthesized injectable hydrogels (IHs) in dry and gel forms. For the release assay, an antibiotic model drug, ciprofloxacin HCl (Cipro), was loaded in situ, and the drug release behavior of dry and gel forms of injectable hydrogel was compared within all pH ranges. The drug release kinetics were estimated using the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Cytotoxicity evaluation using L-929 fibroblast cell lines, antibacterial assay, and hydrolytic degradability (20–65%) in phosphate buffer saline at pH 7.4 was also conducted.

Graphical Abstract

在生理温度（37 °C）下，将含有多醛基团的印楝胶（NG）（NG-CHO）和羧甲基壳聚糖（CMCh）结合起来，通过利用动态亚胺连接配制出一种可注射的水凝胶。这项研究包括确定理想的氧化剂浓度，以最大限度地增加楝树胶中的醛含量。氧化效果最佳的楝树胶决定了凝胶时间最短（3 分钟）。对可注射水凝胶的可注射性（约 99%）、孔隙率（47-71%）、自愈合能力和凝胶含量（58-76%）进行了评估。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和 1H NMR 等表征技术证实了合成过程，而 FESEM 则显示了可注射水凝胶的形态（孔径约为 80 至 120 µm）。流变仪技术用于定量分析剪切稀化行为和自愈合能力。在 pH 值为 5.5、7.4 和 8.5 的磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）中，对干型和凝胶型注射用水凝胶的溶胀率进行了评估。所有合成的干型和凝胶型可注射水凝胶（IHs）的溶胀率都随着 pH 值的升高（5.5-7.4）而降低，然后在 pH 值为 8.5 时升高。在释放试验中，原位负载了抗生素模型药物盐酸环丙沙星（Cipro），并比较了干型和凝胶型可注射水凝胶在所有 pH 值范围内的药物释放行为。药物释放动力学采用 Korsmeyer-Peppas 模型进行估计。此外，还利用 L-929 成纤维细胞系进行了细胞毒性评估、抗菌试验，并在 pH 值为 7.4 的磷酸盐缓冲盐水中进行了水解降解（20-65%）。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of nucleating agent on the mechanical and thermal properties of neat isotactic polypropylene/reprocessed polypropylene blends 成核剂对纯异构聚丙烯/再加工聚丙烯共混物机械性能和热性能的影响

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01369-8

Mete Evren Berktas, Aysun Ekinci, Mustafa Oksuz, Murat Ates, Ismail Aydin

In recent years, recycling of polypropylene (PP) has gained significant attention for various industrial applications, namely post-industrial PP waste has great advantages in terms of circular economy. In this study, the effect of the amount of nucleating agent on the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene blends was investigated. Neat isotactic polypropylene and reprocessed polypropylene (iPP/rPP) were blended by means of a twin-screw extruder at 0/100, 50/50, 25/75 and 100/0% (by weight), respectively. The blends were processed by means of a twin-screw extruder then injection molded with the nucleating agent at different ratios (0, 1, 3 and 6% by weight). The properties of the samples were investigated by melt flow index (MFI) measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile test, three point bending test and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The MFI values of the blends increased with the increasing amount of rPP. As a result of DSC analysis, the melting temperature of the blends increased by 1.4 °C with the presence of 6% (by weight) nucleating agent. The highest flexural modulus was obtained as 1863 MPa for the iPP/rPP0 blends with the addition of 6% (by weight) nucleating agent. The elastic modulus increased with the addition of nucleating agent from 1819 (iPP/rPP50NA0) to 2152 MPa (iPP/rPP50NA6). The iPP/rPP blend with a weight ratio of (50/50) exhibited mechanical and thermal properties similar to neat iPP with the presence of 3% (by weight) nucleating agent.

Graphical abstract

近年来，聚丙烯（PP）的回收利用在各种工业应用中获得了极大关注，即工业后聚丙烯废料在循环经济方面具有巨大优势。本研究探讨了成核剂用量对聚丙烯共混物机械性能和热性能的影响。通过双螺杆挤出机，以 0/100、50/50、25/75 和 100/0%（重量比）的比例混合了纯净的同方向聚丙烯和再加工聚丙烯（iPP/rPP）。用双螺杆挤出机对混合物进行加工，然后用不同比例（0、1、3 和 6%（重量比））的成核剂注塑成型。通过熔体流动指数（MFI）测量、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、拉伸试验、三点弯曲试验和差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析研究了样品的性能。混合物的 MFI 值随着 rPP 含量的增加而增加。差示扫描量热分析的结果表明，随着成核剂含量（按重量计）的增加，混合物的熔化温度提高了 1.4 °C。添加 6%（按重量计）成核剂后，iPP/rPP0 混合物的最高弯曲模量为 1863 兆帕。随着成核剂的添加，弹性模量从 1819（iPP/rPP50NA0）增至 2152 兆帕（iPP/rPP50NA6）。重量比为（50/50）的 iPP/rPP 混合物的机械性能和热性能与纯 iPP 相似，成核剂的含量为 3%（重量比）。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of date seed and graphite fillers on the mechanical and thermal properties of vinyl ester matrix composites 枣核和石墨填料对乙烯基酯基复合材料机械性能和热性能的影响

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01383-w

Veeramalai Chinnasamy Sathish Gandhi, Durairaj Manikandan, Radhakrishnan Kumaravelan, Nagaraj Nagaprasad

Currently, fiber-reinforced polymer composites possess multiple benefits compared to metals and alloys in diverse applications. Researchers have conducted numerous studies aimed at improving the inherent mechanical and thermal properties of composite materials. These studies primarily emphasize the utilization of biodegradable, recyclable, and sustainable materials. This research paper aims to analyze the use of solid biomass waste, particularly hybrid date seed filler (DSF) and graphite (GH) powder, as reinforcements in vinyl ester (VE) composites. The hand layup method was used for manufacturing composites, incorporating DSF components with weight percentages varying from 0 to 15% and graphite ranging from 0 to 9% (by wt). The study aimed to investigate how the introduction of hybrid filler affects both the mechanical characteristics and thermal resistance of the composites. A set of experiments was carried out to assess the mechanical properties of composites created by combining graphite powder with DSF. Tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, and hardness are among the qualities. The optimal mechanical properties of the GH–DSF–VE composite were achieved with a date seed infill of 10% (by wt) and graphite of 9% (by wt). The ultimate tensile strength of the material measured approximately 43.2 MPa. The composite materials that were developed demonstrated an ultimate flexural strength of around 136 MPa. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated that GH–DSF–VE composites have a high thermal resistance of up to 350 °C. The analysis of the fractured surface and surface properties of GH–DSF–VE composites was performed using scanning electron microscopy.

Graphical abstract

目前，与金属和合金相比，纤维增强聚合物复合材料在各种应用中具有多种优势。研究人员进行了大量研究，旨在改善复合材料的固有机械和热性能。这些研究主要强调利用可生物降解、可回收和可持续材料。本研究论文旨在分析在乙烯基酯（VE）复合材料中使用固体生物质废物，特别是混合枣核填料（DSF）和石墨（GH）粉末作为增强材料的情况。采用手糊法制造复合材料，其中DSF成分的重量百分比从0到15%不等，石墨的重量百分比从0到9%不等。研究旨在探讨混合填料的引入如何影响复合材料的机械特性和耐热性。研究人员进行了一系列实验，以评估石墨粉与 DSF 混合制成的复合材料的机械性能。其中包括拉伸强度、弯曲强度、抗冲击性和硬度。枣核填充量为 10%（重量比），石墨填充量为 9%（重量比）时，GH-DSF-VE 复合材料的机械性能达到最佳。材料的极限拉伸强度约为 43.2 兆帕。所开发的复合材料的极限抗弯强度约为 136 兆帕。热重分析表明，GH-DSF-VE 复合材料具有高达 350 °C 的高耐热性。使用扫描电子显微镜对 GH-DSF-VE 复合材料的断裂表面和表面特性进行了分析。

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