Iranian Polymer Journal最新文献_第6页

Influence of sea sand reinforcement on the static and dynamic properties of functionally graded epoxy composites 海砂加固对功能分级环氧树脂复合材料静态和动态性能的影响

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01340-7

T. S. Mohan Kumar, Sharnappa Joladarashi, S. M. Kulkarni, Saleemsab Doddamani

This study aims to study the static and dynamic properties of the functionally graded epoxy composites with sea sand particles as reinforcement. In this study, functionally graded polymer composites (FGPC) were fabricated by dispersing sea sand throughout the epoxy, exhibiting a spatially varying composition profile within the material. Physio-mechanical properties and high strain rate compression responses were determined for the prepared FGPC by varying the composition of sea sand [0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% (by weight)]. The gradience analysis was performed using the burn-out test and weight method, and the results significantly matched, as well as the variation in gradation could be identified. The density and void content are increased with increased sea sand composition. Tensile and specific strength for neat epoxy shows a 2.41 times increase compared to 30% sea sand-filled epoxy. When loaded from the composite side of FGPC, flexural strength increased by 27.93%, hardness increased by 12.47%, and impact strength increased by 2.35 times for 30% sea sand-filled epoxy compared to neat epoxy. Under dynamic compression loading, FGPC was subjected to split-Hopkinson pressure bar experiments for neat and filled epoxy. These samples were deformed at strain rates in the 10³ s⁻¹ while subjected to pressures of 2, 3, and 4 bar. Stress–strain curves and the strain rate were computed using the raw data. High strain rates improve compressive strength, which increases exponentially as the strain rates increase. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of the fractured specimen are employed to analyze the fracture characteristics.

Graphical Abstract

本研究旨在研究以海砂颗粒为增强体的功能分级环氧树脂复合材料的静态和动态特性。在这项研究中，通过在环氧树脂中分散海砂，制造出了功能分级聚合物复合材料（FGPC），在材料内部呈现出空间变化的成分剖面。通过改变海砂成分[0%、10%、20%和 30%（重量比）]，测定了所制备 FGPC 的物理机械性能和高应变率压缩响应。采用烧损试验和重量法进行了级配分析，结果明显吻合，并且可以确定级配的变化。密度和空隙率随着海砂成分的增加而增加。与填充 30% 海砂的环氧树脂相比，纯环氧树脂的拉伸强度和比强度提高了 2.41 倍。从 FGPC 的复合侧加载时，与纯环氧相比，30% 海砂填充环氧的抗弯强度提高了 27.93%，硬度提高了 12.47%，冲击强度提高了 2.35 倍。在动态压缩加载条件下，对纯净环氧和填充环氧的 FGPC 进行了劈裂-霍普金森压杆实验。这些样品在 2、3 和 4 巴的压力下以 103 s-1 的应变速率变形。利用原始数据计算了应力-应变曲线和应变率。高应变率提高了抗压强度，随着应变率的增加，抗压强度呈指数增长。断裂试样的扫描电子显微镜显微照片用于分析断裂特征。图表摘要

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引用次数: 0

Influence of heat assisted friction stir processing on the mechanical properties and cell viability in PLA/basalt/graphene nanocomposites 热辅助摩擦搅拌加工对聚乳酸/沥青/石墨烯纳米复合材料机械性能和细胞活力的影响

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01343-4

Arun Nallathambi, Prakash Muniyandi

Polylactic acid (PLA) composites have been widely used in biomedical implants because of biocompatibility and improved mechanical properties. The aim of this study is to produce the polymer nanocomposite with the graphene nanoparticles as a filler through heat-assisted shoulder less friction stir processing (FSP) and to investigate the effect of the process parameter on the microstructural and mechanical characteristics. Rotational speed of 600 rpm is kept constant, tool feed rate of 10, 15 and 20 mm/min, volume fraction of 5%, 10% and 15% of graphene nanopowder and shoulder temperature of 35, 40 and 45 °C are taken as parameters to conduct the FSP. Response surface methodology (RSM) is performed to identify the process parameters which significantly affect the process. Microstructural observations have been conducted to confirm the presence of graphene nanoparticles along the direction of the FSP. In addition, the tensile and microhardness tests have been carried out to analyze the mechanical properties of the prepared samples. The results of methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay analysis conducted on human osteoblastic cell line (MG63) show that the sample fabricated with 10% and 15% of graphene nanoparticles is nontoxic and holds a better survivability after a 48 h of study under in vitro culture conditions for tissue in-growth and confirms that this could be applicable for bone implants. The findings of the ANOVA verify that the temperature is the least important factor for producing a composite with better performance, while the volume percentage and feed rate are the most important factors.

Graphical abstract

聚乳酸（PLA）复合材料因其生物相容性和更好的机械性能而被广泛应用于生物医学植入物中。本研究旨在通过热辅助肩式少摩擦搅拌加工（FSP）制备以石墨烯纳米颗粒为填料的聚合物纳米复合材料，并研究工艺参数对微观结构和机械特性的影响。在进行 FSP 时，转速保持恒定为 600 rpm，刀具进给速度分别为 10、15 和 20 mm/min，石墨烯纳米粉体的体积分数分别为 5%、10% 和 15%，肩温分别为 35、40 和 45 °C。采用响应面方法 (RSM) 确定对工艺有重大影响的工艺参数。通过微观结构观察，确认了石墨烯纳米颗粒沿 FSP 方向的存在。此外，还进行了拉伸和显微硬度测试，以分析制备样品的机械性能。在人成骨细胞系（MG63）上进行的甲基噻唑四氮唑（MTT）检测分析结果表明，在体外培养条件下进行 48 小时的组织内生长研究后，含有 10% 和 15% 石墨烯纳米颗粒的样品是无毒的，并具有更好的存活率，这也证实了它可用于骨植入物。方差分析结果证实，温度是生产性能更好的复合材料的最不重要因素，而体积百分比和进料速率则是最重要的因素。

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引用次数: 0

Boron adsorption studies of poly(styrene-glycidyl methacrylate) latex: effect of modification agents 聚（苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯）胶乳的硼吸附研究：改性剂的影响

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01342-5

Cansel Tuncer, Meliha Işık

Poly(styrene-glycidyl methacrylate) (PSGMA) latex was synthesized by emulsion polymerization method. PSGMA latex was modified with N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG), 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane (BAPE), N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (HEA), and N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine (NMEA). The presence of N amount varying between 2.1 and 4.4% in the results of elemental analysis showed that the modification was successful. Boron adsorption studies were carried out using these modified latexes. The study was carried out using the curcumin method by UV–vis spectrophotometry. For the most effective adsorption process, at pH value of 9, the boron concentration was 10 ppm and the contact time was 60 min. It was found that latex modified with NMDG had a higher adsorption capacity (0.195 mmol/g) than other modified latexes. Particle sizes were determined by dynamic light scattering spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The particle diameter of PSGMA latex was found to be approximately 140 nm in SEM analysis and the particles were almost monodisperse. After PSGMA latex was modified with NMDG, BAPE, HEA, and NMEA agents and boron adsorption was performed, it was observed that the particle diameters increased to approximately 170, 270, 220, and 260 nm, respectively. An elemental analyzer was used to determine the %N of the structures. The %B₂O₃ of the structures was determined with a thermogravimetric analyzer. While thermal analysis studies showed that organic components were completely removed from the structure at 700 °C, residues ranging from 4.8 to 10.4% (%B₂O₃) were found in boron adsorption polymers. The %B amounts were determined with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy device. It was observed that the amount of adsorbed boron varied between 0.42 and 0.95%, and the highest amount of %B belonged to latex modified with NMDG due to its very simple structure and the location of the –OH groups.

Graphical Abstract

采用乳液聚合法合成了聚苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（PSGMA）胶乳。用 N-甲基-d-葡糖胺（NMDG）、1,2-双（3-氨基丙基氨基）乙烷（BAPE）、N-（2-羟乙基）乙二胺（HEA）和 N,N'-二甲基乙二胺（NMEA）对 PSGMA 胶乳进行改性。元素分析结果显示，N 的含量在 2.1% 到 4.4% 之间，这表明改性是成功的。使用这些改性胶乳进行了硼吸附研究。研究采用姜黄素法，通过紫外-可见分光光度法进行。最有效的吸附过程是在 pH 值为 9、硼浓度为 10 ppm 和接触时间为 60 分钟的条件下进行的。结果发现，与其他改性胶乳相比，用 NMDG 改性的胶乳具有更高的吸附容量（0.195 mmol/g）。通过动态光散射光谱法和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析确定了颗粒大小。扫描电子显微镜分析发现，PSGMA 胶乳的颗粒直径约为 140 nm，颗粒几乎是单分散的。用 NMDG、BAPE、HEA 和 NMEA 剂对 PSGMA 胶乳进行改性并进行硼吸附后，观察到颗粒直径分别增加到约 170、270、220 和 260 nm。使用元素分析仪测定了结构的 N%。使用热重分析仪测定了结构的 B2O3%。热分析研究表明，有机成分在 700 °C 时已从结构中完全去除，但在硼吸附聚合物中发现了 4.8% 至 10.4% 的残留物（%B2O3）。硼的含量是通过电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定的。结果表明，吸附硼的量在 0.42% 到 0.95% 之间变化，其中用 NMDG 改性的胶乳吸附硼的量最高，这是因为它的结构非常简单，而且 -OH 基团的位置也很重要。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of a preformed hydrogel based on polyacrylamide and related gel-breakers with potential application for conformance control 基于聚丙烯酰胺和相关破凝胶剂的预成型水凝胶的合成及其在一致性控制中的潜在应用

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01336-3

A. B. Pereira Kaio, F. Oliveira Priscila, T. Batista Beatriz, R. E. Mansur Claudia

In oil recovery processes, fluids injected to increase oil production may find preferential paths or fractured rocks that offer less resistance to passage through the reservoir, leaving many areas of the reservoir without being swept and consequently reducing the oil recovery efficiency, increasing water production compared to oil production. Conformance control technique can be applied to avoid these problems and then redirect the injected fluids to the segments that were previously not being reached. The preformed particle gels (PPG) have been evaluated for this application, which were obtained from precursor hydrogels and injected into oil reservoirs in the form of brine suspensions. In this study, an evaluation was conducted on the thermal, rheological, morphological, stability, and swelling properties of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) crosslinked with polyethyleneimine (PEI) PPG. Another study of this work was the evaluation of gel-breaker systems based on ammonium persulfate and sodium hypochlorite, which can be used to solve eventual operational problems arising from obstructions in the PPG application. The results indicated that the optimal chemical composition of the precursors consisted of 1.0% partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) crosslinked with 3.0% polyethyleneimine (PEI). This combination exhibited higher material strength and swelling capacity, exceeding 20 times its initial mass. The ammonium persulphate proved to be a powerful gel-breaker, causing reductions in elastic modulus by as much as 97%, alongside causing structural damage that was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Graphical abstract

在采油过程中，为提高产油量而注入的流体可能会在油藏中找到阻力较小的优先路径或断裂岩石，从而使油藏中的许多区域没有被扫过，从而降低了采油效率，使产水量高于产油量。可以采用一致性控制技术来避免这些问题，然后将注入的流体重新导向之前未到达的区段。针对这一应用评估了预成型颗粒凝胶（PPG），这种凝胶是从前体水凝胶中提取的，以盐水悬浮液的形式注入油藏。在这项研究中，对与聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）交联的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（PHPA）PPG 的热、流变、形态、稳定性和膨胀特性进行了评估。这项工作的另一项研究是评估基于过硫酸铵和次氯酸钠的凝胶破坏系统，该系统可用于解决 PPG 应用中因障碍物而产生的最终操作问题。结果表明，前体的最佳化学成分包括 1.0% 的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（PHPA）与 3.0% 的聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）交联。这种组合显示出更高的材料强度和膨胀能力，超过其初始质量的 20 倍。过硫酸铵被证明是一种强大的凝胶破坏剂，可使弹性模量降低多达 97%，同时造成结构破坏，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）证实了这一点。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of process variables on near-field electrospinning of polycaprolactone studied by response surface methodology 用响应面方法研究工艺变量对聚己内酯近场电纺丝的影响

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01339-0

Ali Reza Khodabandeh, Ali Akbar Yousefi, Ebrahim Vasheghani-Farahani

Near-field electrospinning (NFES) is a unique method of additive manufacturing (AM) that combines features from conventional electrospinning (CES) and direct ink writing (DIW). NFES allows for the production of nano/micro-scale fibers, similar to CES, while also enabling the creation of fibers and regular structures like DIW. This unique combination sets NFES apart from other AM methods, offering advantages such as low cost, high resolution, compatibility with various materials, and reproducibility. As a result of these properties, NFES has found applications in diverse fields, including tissue engineering, sensors, and electronics. In this study, for a better structural design of the fibrous polycaprolactone construct, the surface response methodology (RSM) was used to study the effect of process variables such as polymer concentration, flow rate, voltage, distance, and collector speed on fiber diameter. The relationship between these parameters and fiber diameter was analyzed. The collector speed was found to have the most influence on fiber diameter, while voltage had the least effect. A statistical model was developed to describe the interactions between these parameters and fiber diameter, validated through experimental tests. The model accurately predicted fiber diameter with less than 16% difference and can be applied to fabricate fibrous constructs by NFES.

Graphical abstract

近场电纺丝（NFES）是一种独特的增材制造（AM）方法，它结合了传统电纺丝（CES）和直接墨水写入（DIW）的特点。NFES 可以生产纳米级/微米级纤维，与 CES 相似，同时还能像 DIW 一样制造纤维和规则结构。这种独特的组合使 NFES 有别于其他 AM 方法，具有成本低、分辨率高、与各种材料兼容和可重复性强等优点。由于这些特性，NFES 已在组织工程、传感器和电子学等多个领域得到应用。在本研究中，为了更好地设计纤维状聚己内酯结构，采用了表面响应法（RSM）来研究聚合物浓度、流速、电压、距离和收集器速度等工艺变量对纤维直径的影响。分析了这些参数与纤维直径之间的关系。结果发现，收集器速度对纤维直径的影响最大，而电压的影响最小。建立了一个统计模型来描述这些参数与纤维直径之间的相互作用，并通过实验测试进行了验证。该模型准确预测了纤维直径，差值小于 16%，可用于通过 NFES 制造纤维结构。

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引用次数: 0

Permeability and mechanical properties of nanoclay/epoxy liner used in type IV liquid oxygen vessel: experimental and numerical study 用于 IV 型液氧容器的纳米粘土/环氧衬垫的渗透性和机械性能：实验和数值研究

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01324-7

Amirreza Ardebili, Mohammad Hossein Alaei, Amir Kaveh, Jafar Eskandari Jam

Consideration of the permeability and safety aspects of liquid oxygen (LOX) storage is of particular importance, because oxygen leaks can break down spacecraft missions. In this study, the effect of adding nanoclay to epoxy resin on the bending and tensile capacities of a clay/epoxy nanocomposite for using as a liner in type IV LOX was investigated experimentally and statistically. Consequently, samples were initially made with different nanoclay contents (0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5% all by weights) using two distinct dispersion processes (HSS and ultrasonic), then evaluated using bending, tensile, and permeability testing methods, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). In the optimal sample with 1% (weight) of nanoclay mixed with ultrasonic process, the permeability was reduced by 35%, the Young's modulus was improved by 3.5 times, and the toughness and fracture energy were increased by 3 times compared to the pure resin. However, all samples lost between 10 and 20% of their tensile strength due to the breakage of polymer chain links. Simulation findings revealed that at burst pressure, the tank with modified resin liner deforms four times less than PP and 50% more than PET without any rupture.

Graphical abstract

考虑液氧（LOX）储存的渗透性和安全问题尤为重要，因为氧气泄漏会导致航天器任务失败。在本研究中，通过实验和统计学方法研究了在环氧树脂中添加纳米粘土对粘土/环氧纳米复合材料弯曲和拉伸能力的影响，该复合材料可用作 IV 型液氧衬垫。因此，首先使用两种不同的分散工艺（高速钢和超声波）制作了不同纳米含量（按重量计分别为 0.5%、1%、3% 和 5%）的样品，然后使用弯曲、拉伸和渗透测试方法以及扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和 X 射线衍射仪（XRD）进行了评估。与纯树脂相比，在超声波工艺中混合 1%（重量）纳米粘土的最佳样品的渗透性降低了 35%，杨氏模量提高了 3.5 倍，韧性和断裂能提高了 3 倍。然而，由于聚合物链节断裂，所有样品的拉伸强度都下降了 10% 到 20%。模拟结果表明，在爆破压力下，改性树脂内衬储罐的变形比聚丙烯小四倍，比 PET 大 50%，且不会发生任何破裂。

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引用次数: 0

A review of pullulan nanopolymer derived from agro-food waste and its applications 综述从农业食品废弃物中提取的纤维素纳米聚合物及其应用

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01338-1

Richa Prasad Mahato, Saurabh Kumar

Pullulan is a microbial exopolysaccharide hydrogel biopolymer that is biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly. However, to meet the demands of the utilization, it is still necessary to enhance the yield and molecular characteristics of pullulan formed by different strains. Available in powder form, pullulan enhances the benefits of this natural material when combined with nanoparticles (NPs) and synthesized into pullulan NPs. NPs are gaining attention as a cutting-edge technology in the fields of pharmaceuticals, medicine, food, agriculture processing, and packaging. Pullulan biopolymers provide an environmentally friendly solution that effectively addresses the world's waste disposal issue by removing untreated waste from the agro-food industries and using this waste as a potential substrate for pullulan biosynthesis. Nowadays, pullulan in the form of NPs, nanocomposites, and nanoformulation has become increasingly popular because of their specific application needs with enhanced molecular properties like strength, durability, electrical conductivity, and catalytic activity. This approach offers a valuable product called pullulan-based nanopolymer, which holds promise in various industries. Pullulan with the highest yield capacity to date has the potential to significantly decrease production costs and increase applicability range. This review provides detailed insights into the latest methods for extracting pullulan biopolymers from agricultural and food waste materials in the form of polysaccharides. Moreover, the article covers the synthesis of various types of pullulan-based nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nanoformulations. Furthermore, it delves into the diverse applications of these pullulan nanopolymers across agriculture, food and medical sectors.

Graphical abstract

普鲁兰是一种微生物外多糖水凝胶生物聚合物，具有生物降解性、可再生性和环保性。然而，为了满足利用需求，仍有必要提高不同菌株形成的普鲁兰的产量和分子特性。拉鲁兰以粉末形式存在，当与纳米颗粒（NPs）结合并合成为拉鲁兰 NPs 时，可提高这种天然材料的效益。作为制药、医药、食品、农业加工和包装领域的尖端技术，纳米粒子正日益受到关注。拉普兰生物聚合物提供了一种环境友好型解决方案，通过清除农业食品工业中未经处理的废物，并利用这些废物作为拉普兰生物合成的潜在底物，有效解决了世界废物处理问题。如今，由于其特定的应用需求，以 NPs、纳米复合材料和纳米制剂形式存在的具有增强的分子特性（如强度、耐久性、导电性和催化活性）的拉胶已变得越来越受欢迎。这种方法提供了一种名为 "基于普鲁兰的纳米聚合物 "的宝贵产品，在各行各业中大有可为。迄今为止产量最高的普鲁兰具有显著降低生产成本和扩大应用范围的潜力。本综述详细介绍了以多糖形式从农业和食品废料中提取拉普兰生物聚合物的最新方法。此外，文章还介绍了各种类型的基于拉普兰的纳米颗粒、纳米复合材料和纳米制剂的合成。此外，文章还深入探讨了这些拉普兰纳米聚合物在农业、食品和医疗领域的各种应用。

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引用次数: 0

A facile and green pre-dispersion method for the preparation of epoxide-functionalized natural rubber/silica nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties 制备具有更好机械性能的环氧功能化天然橡胶/二氧化硅纳米复合材料的简便绿色预分散方法

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01335-4

Dalip Abdulraman, Tinnakorn Tiensing, Pranee Phinyocheep

Good dispersion of silica filler in the rubber matrix is a key factor for the high-performance properties of rubber/silica nanocomposites. This work aimed at using mild and green conditions for incorporating high silica content in natural rubber (NR) without using a silane coupling agent. The NR latex was modified into a low degree (5%) of epoxide-functionalized NR, symbolized as ENR5 by epoxidation reaction. The silica (40 phr) was pre-dispersed in water using ultrasonication to break down the silica particles, symbolized as USiP before mixing in the obtained ENR5 latex. After water evaporation, no silica flocculation at the bottom of the container was observed, meaning that silica was well infiltrated in the rubber matrix without coagulating agents. The interaction of hydroxyl groups of silica with epoxide groups of ENR5 could support the stable dispersion of the silica in the rubber matrix. Then, the dried ENR5-USiP was further mixed with curing agents in a two-roll mill. The cure characteristic, morphology and mechanical properties of ENR5-USiP were compared with silica-filled NR using a conventional mixing process (NR-SiC) and NR filled with silica treated by a silane coupling agent (NR-SSiC). As a result, ENR5-USiP exhibited higher mechanical properties than NR-SiC and NR-SSiC. The SEM micrograph revealed the good dispersion of nano-size silica in the rubber matrix of ENR5-USiP composites. It can be highlighted that the breakage of silica particles by ultrasonication is a facile method and mixing of the obtained silica in the ENR5 latex is a green condition. Furthermore, the possible interaction between the silanol groups of silica and epoxide functional groups of ENR5 could play an important role in improving the mechanical properties of the silica-filled rubber composites without requiring a silane coupling agent.

Graphical Abstract

白炭黑填料在橡胶基体中的良好分散性是橡胶/白炭黑纳米复合材料实现高性能的关键因素。本研究旨在利用温和、绿色的条件，在不使用硅烷偶联剂的情况下，在天然橡胶（NR）中加入高含量的二氧化硅。通过环氧化反应，将天然橡胶胶乳改性为低浓度（5%）的环氧化功能化天然橡胶，代号为 ENR5。在将二氧化硅（40 phr）混入得到的 ENR5 胶乳之前，先用超声波将二氧化硅（40 phr）分散在水中，以分解二氧化硅颗粒（符号为 USiP）。水蒸发后，容器底部没有观察到白炭黑絮凝现象，这意味着白炭黑在没有凝结剂的情况下很好地渗入了橡胶基质。白炭黑的羟基与 ENR5 的环氧基团相互作用，支持了白炭黑在橡胶基质中的稳定分散。然后，在双辊研磨机中将干燥的 ENR5-USiP 与固化剂进一步混合。将 ENR5-USiP 的固化特性、形态和机械性能与采用传统混合工艺的二氧化硅填充 NR（NR-SiC）和经硅烷偶联剂处理的二氧化硅填充 NR（NR-SiC）进行了比较。结果表明，ENR5-USiP 的机械性能高于 NR-SiC 和 NR-SiC。SEM 显微照片显示，纳米二氧化硅在 ENR5-USiP 复合材料的橡胶基体中分散良好。可以看出，用超声波破碎白炭黑颗粒是一种简便的方法，将获得的白炭黑混入 ENR5 胶乳是一种绿色环保的方法。此外，白炭黑的硅烷醇基团与ENR5的环氧官能团之间可能存在的相互作用可在改善白炭黑填充橡胶复合材料的机械性能方面发挥重要作用，而无需使用硅烷偶联剂。

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引用次数: 0

Photothermal efficiency of carbon nanotubes-embedded polysulfone membranes for direct contact membrane distillation 用于直接接触膜蒸馏的嵌入碳纳米管的聚砜膜的光热效率

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01333-6

Ahmed M. Hameed, AbdulAziz A. Alayyafi, Ahmad A. Alluhaybi, Mohamed S. Fahmi, Mohamed E. A. Ali

Membrane distillation (MD) is a highly promising method for desalinating water with high salt content. However, a major challenge faced by this technology is its high energy consumption, which is caused by the need to heat up the saline feed solution. Hence, this study aimed to incorporate multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the polysulfone (PSF) matrix to fabricate composite photothermal MD membranes. These membranes have the capability to function independently without the need for an external energy source. Various quantities of MWCNTs ranging from 0.5 to 1.5% (by weight) were added to the PSF casting solution. This led to the creation of composite membranes with improved photothermal characteristics. The PSF and PSF/MWCNTs composite membranes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and contact angle measurements. The concentration of MWCNTs that yielded the highest photothermal efficiency was found to be 1% (by weight). The membranes were assessed using a photothermal membrane distillation (PMD) device, where the operational conditions and parameters were investigated. The presence of MWCNTs resulted in an increase in the surface temperature of the membrane to 67 °C when placed 10 cm away from a 200 W light source. In addition, the inclusion of MWCNTs led to a rise in the contact angle measurement from 80° to 112°, as well as an improvement in the liquid entry pressure (LEP) from 25.5 to 52 psi. Moreover, it significantly impacted the improvement of membrane production in the presence of light, while also exhibiting a high degree of operational efficiency.

Graphical Abstract

膜蒸馏（MD）是一种非常有前景的高盐分海水淡化方法。然而，该技术面临的一个主要挑战是能耗高，这是因为需要加热含盐进料溶液。因此，本研究旨在将多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）加入聚砜（PSF）基质中，以制造复合光热 MD 膜。这些膜无需外部能源即可独立运行。在 PSF 浇注溶液中添加了 0.5%至 1.5%（按重量计）的不同数量的 MWCNT。这样就制成了具有更好光热特性的复合膜。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析和接触角测量对 PSF 和 PSF/MWCNTs 复合膜进行了分析。结果发现，产生最高光热效率的 MWCNTs 浓度为 1%（按重量计）。使用光热膜蒸馏（PMD）装置对膜进行了评估，研究了操作条件和参数。当膜放置在距离 200 W 光源 10 厘米处时，MWCNT 的存在使膜的表面温度升高至 67 °C。此外，加入 MWCNTs 后，接触角测量值从 80° 上升到 112°，液体进入压力 (LEP) 从 25.5 psi 提高到 52 psi。此外，它还对改善光照下的膜生产产生了重大影响，同时还表现出很高的运行效率。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling transformative potential: recent advances in graphene-based polymer composites 揭示变革潜力：石墨烯基聚合物复合材料的最新进展

IF 2.4 3区化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE

Iranian Polymer Journal

Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s13726-024-01337-2

Maziyar Sabet

Graphene-polymer composites represent a burgeoning field within materials science, offering the potential to revolutionize various industrial applications by synergistically combining the exceptional properties of graphene with the versatility of polymers. This review transcends prior summaries by focusing on recent breakthroughs in dispersion techniques, a critical factor governing composite performance. We elucidate how advancements in dispersion control unlock a paradigm shift in functionalities like mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and barrier properties. This targeted approach distinguishes this review from broader surveys. Furthermore, we explore novel preparation methods beyond established techniques like solution mixing and in situ polymerization, highlighting their role in achieving exceptional composite performance. The review critically examines emerging applications across diverse industries, showcasing how recent strides empower graphene–polymer composites to disrupt sectors like aerospace, automotive, electronics, and biomedicine. While acknowledging persistent challenges in cost, scalability, and environmental impact, the review emphasizes ongoing research efforts to overcome these hurdles. By providing a roadmap for future advancements, this work serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and innovators seeking to harness the transformative potential of graphene–polymer composites.

Graphical Abstract

石墨烯-聚合物复合材料是材料科学领域的一个新兴领域，通过将石墨烯的优异特性与聚合物的多功能性协同结合，为各种工业应用提供了革命性的潜力。分散技术是影响复合材料性能的关键因素，本综述超越了以往的综述，重点关注分散技术的最新突破。我们阐明了分散控制的进步如何开启了机械强度、导电性和阻隔性等功能性的范式转变。这种有针对性的方法使本综述有别于更广泛的研究。此外，我们还探讨了溶液混合和原位聚合等既有技术之外的新型制备方法，强调了它们在实现优异复合材料性能方面的作用。本综述批判性地研究了各行各业的新兴应用，展示了石墨烯-聚合物复合材料在航空航天、汽车、电子和生物医学等领域的最新进展。在承认成本、可扩展性和环境影响方面持续存在挑战的同时，该综述强调了为克服这些障碍而正在进行的研究工作。通过为未来的进步提供路线图，这部著作为寻求利用石墨烯-聚合物复合材料变革潜力的研究人员、工程师和创新者提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0