A pot experiment was conducted in order to investigate the growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) under cadmium (Cd) contamination and its uptake and Cd accumulation. The results showed that with increase of Cd concentration, the diameter and burl length of stems, and the biomass of sugarcane decreased significantly. Cd concentration in soil had obviously influenced the ground-breaking time of buds of sugarcane. The values of bioconcentration factor (BCF) were all closed to 1, which showed that sugarcane had a good absorptive capacity on Cd. The Cd concentration elevated from 0.55 to 63.32 mg kg-1 in leaves, 0.37 to 486.26 mg kg-1 in stems, and 2.26 to 2776.22 mg kg-1 in roots while Cd concentration rose from 0.22 to 1000 mg kg-1 in soil. Cd concentration in roots was about 6-45-fold higher than those in stems and leaves. These results suggested that sugarcane has a high ability to tolerate and accumulate Cd, so it might be a promising plant to be used for phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Phytoremediation Potential of Saccharum Officinarum for Cd-Contaminated Soil","authors":"H. Xia, Zhijun Yan, Xiaoya Chi, Wenwei Cheng","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.541","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment was conducted in order to investigate the growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) under cadmium (Cd) contamination and its uptake and Cd accumulation. The results showed that with increase of Cd concentration, the diameter and burl length of stems, and the biomass of sugarcane decreased significantly. Cd concentration in soil had obviously influenced the ground-breaking time of buds of sugarcane. The values of bioconcentration factor (BCF) were all closed to 1, which showed that sugarcane had a good absorptive capacity on Cd. The Cd concentration elevated from 0.55 to 63.32 mg kg-1 in leaves, 0.37 to 486.26 mg kg-1 in stems, and 2.26 to 2776.22 mg kg-1 in roots while Cd concentration rose from 0.22 to 1000 mg kg-1 in soil. Cd concentration in roots was about 6-45-fold higher than those in stems and leaves. These results suggested that sugarcane has a high ability to tolerate and accumulate Cd, so it might be a promising plant to be used for phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72736879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The numerical simulation model of coal gangue brick tunnel kiln system in one coal mine was established to study the waste heat recovery. The gas flow and heat transfer in the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln was studied. The temperature distribution in the coal cangue tunnel kiln was analyzed. Simulation results show that the layout of bricks has certain impact on heat transfer and optimizing the layout of coal cangue brick in the tunnel kiln can improve the efficiency of waste heat utilization.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Waste Heat Utilization in Coal Gangue Brick Tunnel Kiln","authors":"Tie Zhanxu, Lin Haixia, Meng Fanmao, Wang Fahui","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.60","url":null,"abstract":"The numerical simulation model of coal gangue brick tunnel kiln system in one coal mine was established to study the waste heat recovery. The gas flow and heat transfer in the coal gangue brick tunnel kiln was studied. The temperature distribution in the coal cangue tunnel kiln was analyzed. Simulation results show that the layout of bricks has certain impact on heat transfer and optimizing the layout of coal cangue brick in the tunnel kiln can improve the efficiency of waste heat utilization.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78913365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Gao, Chengcai Liu, Y. Jin, Guangjun Zhang, C. Ma
The investigation on the variable intake-air composition (oxygen concentration 21%-27%) in the start of a spark ignition engine aims to study the dynamic characteristics of combustion and emission to understand the feasibility improving the performance of engine. The oxygen-enriched air improves combustion, promotes the stability and reduces CO and HC obviously, and also results in a little higher NOx. Nevertheless the rise of NOx keeps the lower level in the start process. It is recognized that the oxygen enrichment in the start can bring a potential to control combustion and emission. Experiment results show that the function of oxygen-enriched intake air is more important in the lower degree of oxygen enrichment, such as 23%~25%. In the fact as the oxygen enrichment arrives in a higher level, the weaker the reducing HC and CO emissions therefore the lower oxygen enrichment in engine is much more profitable for a comprehensive low HC, CO and NOx emissions. Through detecting the misfire behavior by optical sensor, it is clear that the misfire rate decreases with oxygen-enrichment and it leads to the higher combustion stability in the mild oxygen-enrichment.
{"title":"Emission and Combustion Misfire of Engine with Oxygen-Enriched in Dynamic Start Process","authors":"Qing Gao, Chengcai Liu, Y. Jin, Guangjun Zhang, C. Ma","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.35","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation on the variable intake-air composition (oxygen concentration 21%-27%) in the start of a spark ignition engine aims to study the dynamic characteristics of combustion and emission to understand the feasibility improving the performance of engine. The oxygen-enriched air improves combustion, promotes the stability and reduces CO and HC obviously, and also results in a little higher NOx. Nevertheless the rise of NOx keeps the lower level in the start process. It is recognized that the oxygen enrichment in the start can bring a potential to control combustion and emission. Experiment results show that the function of oxygen-enriched intake air is more important in the lower degree of oxygen enrichment, such as 23%~25%. In the fact as the oxygen enrichment arrives in a higher level, the weaker the reducing HC and CO emissions therefore the lower oxygen enrichment in engine is much more profitable for a comprehensive low HC, CO and NOx emissions. Through detecting the misfire behavior by optical sensor, it is clear that the misfire rate decreases with oxygen-enrichment and it leads to the higher combustion stability in the mild oxygen-enrichment.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78392296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zi-Feng Zhang, Nan-qi Ren, Dawen Gao, Hong Qi, Yifan Li
This paper describes a simple and sensitive method for determining estrogen (E1), β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), diethylstilbestrol (DES), 4-tert-octyphenol (OP), 4-n-nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol mono- to di-ethoxylates (NP1EO, NP2EO), bisphenol A (BPA) in water samples of Songhua River in China. The survey was preceded by selecting extraction methods, clean-up procedures for the simultaneous GC-MS determination of all examined EDCs in water samples. The limits of detection (LOD) of all the target compounds were 0.052~1.5ng/L. The concentration levels of five steroidal estrogens, E1, E2, E3, EE2, DES in water samples of Songhua River were ND.~15.78 ng/L, ND.~6.63ng/L, ND., ND.~34.70ng/L and ND.~6.75ng/L, respectively and the concentration levels of five phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals, OP, 4-n-NP, NP1EO, BPA and NP2EO, in water samples were 1.84~15.28 ng/L, 0.18~6.82 ng/L, 6.06~126.09 ng/L, 8.84~329.47 ng/L and 4.68~123.30 ng/L, respectively.
{"title":"Simultaneous Determination of Phenolic and Steroidal Estrogens in Water of Songhua River, Northeastern China","authors":"Zi-Feng Zhang, Nan-qi Ren, Dawen Gao, Hong Qi, Yifan Li","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.417","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a simple and sensitive method for determining estrogen (E1), β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), diethylstilbestrol (DES), 4-tert-octyphenol (OP), 4-n-nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol mono- to di-ethoxylates (NP1EO, NP2EO), bisphenol A (BPA) in water samples of Songhua River in China. The survey was preceded by selecting extraction methods, clean-up procedures for the simultaneous GC-MS determination of all examined EDCs in water samples. The limits of detection (LOD) of all the target compounds were 0.052~1.5ng/L. The concentration levels of five steroidal estrogens, E1, E2, E3, EE2, DES in water samples of Songhua River were ND.~15.78 ng/L, ND.~6.63ng/L, ND., ND.~34.70ng/L and ND.~6.75ng/L, respectively and the concentration levels of five phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals, OP, 4-n-NP, NP1EO, BPA and NP2EO, in water samples were 1.84~15.28 ng/L, 0.18~6.82 ng/L, 6.06~126.09 ng/L, 8.84~329.47 ng/L and 4.68~123.30 ng/L, respectively.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78410942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GIS technology is becoming more mature as GIS applications in the broad field of traffic created a foundation. This article makes the management system’s architecture design and function design that based users’ requirements analysis and so on, it adopts Delphi + Maps + SQL sever technology to carry out the management system of dealing with the highways’ outburst incidents,. which can easy, visual to manage the events in real time and improve the processing capacity.
{"title":"Research and Development on the Expressway Emergency Response System Based on GIS","authors":"Wei Jian-guo, Zheng Jian-long","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.584","url":null,"abstract":"GIS technology is becoming more mature as GIS applications in the broad field of traffic created a foundation. This article makes the management system’s architecture design and function design that based users’ requirements analysis and so on, it adopts Delphi + Maps + SQL sever technology to carry out the management system of dealing with the highways’ outburst incidents,. which can easy, visual to manage the events in real time and improve the processing capacity.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77695610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, thermal performance of one new type of floor heating system was studied. The new floor heating system is made of hard-PVC, which different from the others used before is that it is both the water flow channel and the floor of the room. So¿heat resistance of the heating floor is lower. Thermal performance of floor heating system was tested in a test room. Experiment Results show that the supplying water temperature of the floor heating system is only 30¿, which is lower than that of other systems. The new type heating floor is energy saving equipment, which can use low temperature heat sources and decrease energy consumption of the heating system.
{"title":"Thermal Performance Experiment Research of One New Floor Heating System","authors":"Xueling Liu, Shijun You, Huan Zhang, Junfang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.123","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, thermal performance of one new type of floor heating system was studied. The new floor heating system is made of hard-PVC, which different from the others used before is that it is both the water flow channel and the floor of the room. So¿heat resistance of the heating floor is lower. Thermal performance of floor heating system was tested in a test room. Experiment Results show that the supplying water temperature of the floor heating system is only 30¿, which is lower than that of other systems. The new type heating floor is energy saving equipment, which can use low temperature heat sources and decrease energy consumption of the heating system.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80244389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Han, Gang Pan, Zhong-chang Qiu, Chuan-xin Zhou, Ze-lei Zhu, Cui-hui Yan
Dynamic characteristic of supercritical unit is complex. Its control technology is an important research task. This paper presents a mathematical model of coordinated control system controlled objects. For control characteristic of supercritical unit, design a generalized intelligent coordinated control system which made up of classical control, modern control, intelligence control and special measure technique. System control strategy was described and a sufficient condition for the stability of the system was shown. The engineering application indicates that generalized intelligent coordinated control system which fused of various control methods can improve load response rate of supercritical unit and strong steady robustness.
{"title":"Research on Generalized Intelligent Coordinated Control System of Supercritical Unit","authors":"Z. Han, Gang Pan, Zhong-chang Qiu, Chuan-xin Zhou, Ze-lei Zhu, Cui-hui Yan","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.199","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic characteristic of supercritical unit is complex. Its control technology is an important research task. This paper presents a mathematical model of coordinated control system controlled objects. For control characteristic of supercritical unit, design a generalized intelligent coordinated control system which made up of classical control, modern control, intelligence control and special measure technique. System control strategy was described and a sufficient condition for the stability of the system was shown. The engineering application indicates that generalized intelligent coordinated control system which fused of various control methods can improve load response rate of supercritical unit and strong steady robustness.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79307375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experimental studies on carbon dioxide capture in a spray scrubber are carried out. Fine spray of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is used as CO2 absorbent. Effects of different operating and design parameters, including concentration of NaOH solution, liquid flow rate, total gas flow rate, initial temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide on CO2 removal efficiency are investigated.
{"title":"Experimental Studies on CO2 Capture in a Spray Scrubber Using NaOH Solution","authors":"Niu Zhen-qi, Guo Yin-cheng, L. Wenyi","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.479","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental studies on carbon dioxide capture in a spray scrubber are carried out. Fine spray of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is used as CO2 absorbent. Effects of different operating and design parameters, including concentration of NaOH solution, liquid flow rate, total gas flow rate, initial temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide on CO2 removal efficiency are investigated.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81536507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main current research achievements for power system diagnoses are summarized, a practical power grid fault diagnosis method base on China's power grid actual is proposed in this paper. Through the analysis of the power flow difference between normal operation and fault tripping, a fault equipment confirmed algorithm based on abnormal changes in the structure of power grid is developed, the evaluation of the action of the related relay protection and circuit breaker is realized by taking the confirmed fault equipment as the beginning of logic analysis.
{"title":"Research of Power System Fault Diagnosis Method","authors":"Xu Zhang, Dong-mei Zhao, Sheng Li","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.289","url":null,"abstract":"The main current research achievements for power system diagnoses are summarized, a practical power grid fault diagnosis method base on China's power grid actual is proposed in this paper. Through the analysis of the power flow difference between normal operation and fault tripping, a fault equipment confirmed algorithm based on abnormal changes in the structure of power grid is developed, the evaluation of the action of the related relay protection and circuit breaker is realized by taking the confirmed fault equipment as the beginning of logic analysis.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81905575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On the basis of a general five-step framework proposed by IEEE project group P1564 for obtaining system indices for voltage sag performance, this paper analyzes and organizes parts of indices studied by some international organizations like IEEE and IEC, recommends some indices to be adopted from aspects of single event¿single site and system respectively by summarizing their merits and shortcomings. This paper also compares three methods of identifying types of sag event, that is——S-C and S-P method proposed by Bollen, and another algorithm named TP-TA which is based on three-phase voltage magnitudes and their phase angles. At last, a set of specific and integrated assessment system combined with a variety of indices and feature extraction methods has been proposed.
{"title":"Studies in the Assessment System of Voltage SAGs","authors":"Yuan Yuan Zhang Xuemeng, Xu Yonghai","doi":"10.1109/ICEET.2009.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEET.2009.309","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of a general five-step framework proposed by IEEE project group P1564 for obtaining system indices for voltage sag performance, this paper analyzes and organizes parts of indices studied by some international organizations like IEEE and IEC, recommends some indices to be adopted from aspects of single event¿single site and system respectively by summarizing their merits and shortcomings. This paper also compares three methods of identifying types of sag event, that is——S-C and S-P method proposed by Bollen, and another algorithm named TP-TA which is based on three-phase voltage magnitudes and their phase angles. At last, a set of specific and integrated assessment system combined with a variety of indices and feature extraction methods has been proposed.","PeriodicalId":6348,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85736327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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