Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6911047
R. Miftakhutdinov
Paper analyzes substantial Coss behavior differences of FETs using super-junction Si, SiC and GaN technologies versus traditional Si process and suggests new practical models for power losses optimization. These models applied to derive normalized ZVS conditions and boundaries for popular PWM ZVS topologies allowing efficiency optimization at wide operating conditions.
{"title":"New aspects on analyzing ZVS conditions for converters using super-junction Si and wide bandgap SiC and GaN power FETs","authors":"R. Miftakhutdinov","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6911047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6911047","url":null,"abstract":"Paper analyzes substantial Coss behavior differences of FETs using super-junction Si, SiC and GaN technologies versus traditional Si process and suggests new practical models for power losses optimization. These models applied to derive normalized ZVS conditions and boundaries for popular PWM ZVS topologies allowing efficiency optimization at wide operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"97 4","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72632223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910797
Otto Kreutzer, B. Eckardt, M. Mârz
This paper describes the power stage of a non-isolated unidirectional 400 V 100 kW DC-DC converter for fuel cell vehicles that reaches a switching frequency of 150 kHz with industry power modules. The power modules are equipped with custom made DCB-substrate assembled with a combination of fast 600 V superjunction Si-MOSFETs and SiC-Schottky diodes. For all other components like drivers, current sensors and the auxiliary supply converter standard products have been used to facilitate an automotive specification, and a cost efficient production. The inductors are custom-made to reduce choke losses and volume. The converter reaches an efficiency of 98 % at full load (166->400 V, 590 A lowside current). Furthermore a simple and reliable DC-link discharge unit is described that discharges with constant power and is far smaller and faster than a conventional resistor solution. Based on a constant current discharge device using a Power MOSFET in linear operation, it is extended with a small analog circuit to a roughly constant power discharge device.
{"title":"Unidirectional fast switching non-isolated 100 kW fuel cell boost converter","authors":"Otto Kreutzer, B. Eckardt, M. Mârz","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910797","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the power stage of a non-isolated unidirectional 400 V 100 kW DC-DC converter for fuel cell vehicles that reaches a switching frequency of 150 kHz with industry power modules. The power modules are equipped with custom made DCB-substrate assembled with a combination of fast 600 V superjunction Si-MOSFETs and SiC-Schottky diodes. For all other components like drivers, current sensors and the auxiliary supply converter standard products have been used to facilitate an automotive specification, and a cost efficient production. The inductors are custom-made to reduce choke losses and volume. The converter reaches an efficiency of 98 % at full load (166->400 V, 590 A lowside current). Furthermore a simple and reliable DC-link discharge unit is described that discharges with constant power and is far smaller and faster than a conventional resistor solution. Based on a constant current discharge device using a Power MOSFET in linear operation, it is extended with a small analog circuit to a roughly constant power discharge device.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72739795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910831
T. Krone, T. Koneke, A. Mertens
Manufacturers of power semiconductors and modules intend to rate the maximum junction temperature up to 200°C. This results in higher temperatures at other components of the inverter system as well. In this paper, it is presented a method to identify thermal constraints in an inverter design by combining analytical and numerical analysis of the thermal spreading. Furthermore, an overview of the thermal limits of the inverter's components is given. The resulting thermal constraints of an air-cooled system are discussed, and it is introduced an inverter design to avoid over-temperatures. Finally, the test results achieved from the constructed inverter at 200°C junction temperature are presented.
{"title":"System design for junction temperatures up to 200°C","authors":"T. Krone, T. Koneke, A. Mertens","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910831","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacturers of power semiconductors and modules intend to rate the maximum junction temperature up to 200°C. This results in higher temperatures at other components of the inverter system as well. In this paper, it is presented a method to identify thermal constraints in an inverter design by combining analytical and numerical analysis of the thermal spreading. Furthermore, an overview of the thermal limits of the inverter's components is given. The resulting thermal constraints of an air-cooled system are discussed, and it is introduced an inverter design to avoid over-temperatures. Finally, the test results achieved from the constructed inverter at 200°C junction temperature are presented.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"83 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73716185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910810
Christian Schoner, David Derix, A. Hensel
In this work different three-level topologies suitable for PV systems are analyzed. First the basic operation principles of the Neutral Point Clamped (NPC), Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) and Mixed Voltage Neutral Point Clamped (MNPC) topologies are explained and the used PWM strategies are presented. All three topologies are realized in hardware on a modular test setup, so that it is possible to operate them under the same conditions. Efficiency measurements under different conditions (switching frequency fPWM = {16; 48; 90} kHz, output power, silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors, driving circuits) are shown. Exceptional efficiencies of η16kHz = 99.1 % and η90kHz = 98.6 % are obtained.
{"title":"Comparison and evaluation of different three-level inverter topologies for PV systems","authors":"Christian Schoner, David Derix, A. Hensel","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910810","url":null,"abstract":"In this work different three-level topologies suitable for PV systems are analyzed. First the basic operation principles of the Neutral Point Clamped (NPC), Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) and Mixed Voltage Neutral Point Clamped (MNPC) topologies are explained and the used PWM strategies are presented. All three topologies are realized in hardware on a modular test setup, so that it is possible to operate them under the same conditions. Efficiency measurements under different conditions (switching frequency fPWM = {16; 48; 90} kHz, output power, silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors, driving circuits) are shown. Exceptional efficiencies of η16kHz = 99.1 % and η90kHz = 98.6 % are obtained.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79822841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910908
D. Janik, T. Kosan, V. Blahnik, P. Kamenický, Z. Peroutka, M. Danek
This paper presents three-phase four-level FLC based electric motor drive for mining application supplied directly from a 6 kV ac-grid. It describes complete control algorithms of the drive with active voltage balancing control. The proposed control is verified by experiments carried out on down-scale drive prototype of rated power of 35 kVA.
{"title":"Complete solution of 4-level flying capacitor converter for medium-voltage drives with active voltage balancing control with phase-disposition PWM","authors":"D. Janik, T. Kosan, V. Blahnik, P. Kamenický, Z. Peroutka, M. Danek","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910908","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents three-phase four-level FLC based electric motor drive for mining application supplied directly from a 6 kV ac-grid. It describes complete control algorithms of the drive with active voltage balancing control. The proposed control is verified by experiments carried out on down-scale drive prototype of rated power of 35 kVA.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83057871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910907
Reinhold Koch, R. Kuhn, I. Zilberman, A. Jossen
Online diagnostics for monitoring of battery cells in a battery pack is necessary in order to determine the state of the battery pack, like its age and safe operation. It could also provide the possibility to adjust the operation strategy of the battery management system and the load to increase the battery lifetime and safety. Impedance spectroscopy is a well-known measurement technique for electrochemical systems, such as a battery half-cell. Once the method is implemented in the battery management system and performed online during operation it could provide a monitoring system for the whole pack. Current solutions are either inaccurate or too big, expensive and energy inefficient. The presented approach proposes a dual use of the battery charger which incorporates a switched mode amplifier to generate the stimuli current necessary to perform an electro impedance spectroscopy. A suitable control is designed to overcome the non-linearities and instabilities introduced by the output filter and the current crossover effects of the electronic switches. This inexpensive, energy efficient technology could allow impedance monitoring of every cell in the battery pack and make a better prediction of the state of the battery possible.
{"title":"Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for online battery monitoring - power electronics control","authors":"Reinhold Koch, R. Kuhn, I. Zilberman, A. Jossen","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910907","url":null,"abstract":"Online diagnostics for monitoring of battery cells in a battery pack is necessary in order to determine the state of the battery pack, like its age and safe operation. It could also provide the possibility to adjust the operation strategy of the battery management system and the load to increase the battery lifetime and safety. Impedance spectroscopy is a well-known measurement technique for electrochemical systems, such as a battery half-cell. Once the method is implemented in the battery management system and performed online during operation it could provide a monitoring system for the whole pack. Current solutions are either inaccurate or too big, expensive and energy inefficient. The presented approach proposes a dual use of the battery charger which incorporates a switched mode amplifier to generate the stimuli current necessary to perform an electro impedance spectroscopy. A suitable control is designed to overcome the non-linearities and instabilities introduced by the output filter and the current crossover effects of the electronic switches. This inexpensive, energy efficient technology could allow impedance monitoring of every cell in the battery pack and make a better prediction of the state of the battery possible.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84489335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910899
Georg Deiml, C. Hahn, W. Winter, M. Luther
This paper discusses a novel model for stability studies of a Multiterminal High Voltage Direct Current system (MT HVDC) as part of an overlay grid in a hybrid AC system. The dynamic model is set up for Multilevel Voltage Sourced Converter (VSC) technology. The new model provides the opportunity to analyse the impact of full- and half-bridge modules during AC and DC faults. In the present paper a radial DC system with four converter stations was built up and simulated in PSS®NETOMAC. In principle the model can be expanded to a multiterminal HVDC system with a higher number of converter stations. Generally the structure of the DC grid does not subject to any restrictions. For steady state control of a MT HVDC system the Voltage Margin Method (VMM) was implemented. The main focus of the presented model is placed on dynamic stability studies in case of DC faults and their effects on the AC grid. But due to the possibility of VSC converters to provide general system services, e.g. to supply reactive power, the effects and advantages of VSC converters during AC faults can also be analysed. In principle Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) technology offers the possibility of clearing DC faults on the DC side. Depending on the type of modules (full- or half-bridge modules) used in a Multilevel VSC converter the fault clearing strategy and therefore the effects to the AC grid differ enormously. It is essential for the transient stability of a highly stressed AC grid to ensure a very low fault clearance time to keep the system stable. The proposed control design was designed as a two partition macro in PSS®NETOMAC and can be used for planning a Multiterminal DC system in any AC grid. It was applied to a small test grid in order to prove its performance. For more realistic results the model was implemented and applied in a dynamic model of the Continental Europe high voltage power transmission grid.
{"title":"A novel dynamic model for Multiterminal HVDC systems based on self-commutated full- and half-bridge Multilevel Voltage Sourced Converters","authors":"Georg Deiml, C. Hahn, W. Winter, M. Luther","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910899","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a novel model for stability studies of a Multiterminal High Voltage Direct Current system (MT HVDC) as part of an overlay grid in a hybrid AC system. The dynamic model is set up for Multilevel Voltage Sourced Converter (VSC) technology. The new model provides the opportunity to analyse the impact of full- and half-bridge modules during AC and DC faults. In the present paper a radial DC system with four converter stations was built up and simulated in PSS®NETOMAC. In principle the model can be expanded to a multiterminal HVDC system with a higher number of converter stations. Generally the structure of the DC grid does not subject to any restrictions. For steady state control of a MT HVDC system the Voltage Margin Method (VMM) was implemented. The main focus of the presented model is placed on dynamic stability studies in case of DC faults and their effects on the AC grid. But due to the possibility of VSC converters to provide general system services, e.g. to supply reactive power, the effects and advantages of VSC converters during AC faults can also be analysed. In principle Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) technology offers the possibility of clearing DC faults on the DC side. Depending on the type of modules (full- or half-bridge modules) used in a Multilevel VSC converter the fault clearing strategy and therefore the effects to the AC grid differ enormously. It is essential for the transient stability of a highly stressed AC grid to ensure a very low fault clearance time to keep the system stable. The proposed control design was designed as a two partition macro in PSS®NETOMAC and can be used for planning a Multiterminal DC system in any AC grid. It was applied to a small test grid in order to prove its performance. For more realistic results the model was implemented and applied in a dynamic model of the Continental Europe high voltage power transmission grid.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"112 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77259312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910729
E. Berne, G. Bergna, P. Egrot, Q. Wolff
With the rapid development of Voltage Source Converters and the recent progresses for DC fault management through DC breakers or inherent fault limiting converters, HVDC has become more and more attractive to grid operators and the possibility of a DC grid layer superimposed to the AC grid is gaining ground. Still, a lot of questions remain concerning the appropriate operation of such a grid. One question that has only attracted limited interest is the possibility of ground currents circulating between stations of the grid. The current levels and the criticity of this question are highly dependent on the topology of these hypothetical DC grids and theirs modes of operation. Still, the environmental and legal issues associated with ground currents as well justify the need to study this aspect as well as the mission profile information required for the proper HVDC station electrode design. The aim of this document is to provide illustration of ground current circulation in the case of bipolar HVDC grids with 5-terminal meshed and radial examples. The influence of the mode of operation of the grid is studied, in the transient case with a DC-fault and in the permanent case of operation with a faulted pole. The influence of the impedance connection to ground is illustrated with both high and low resistance cases. Finally, the possibility of using a pole voltage balancing control unit is investigated and its limits are demonstrated, showing the need for a supervision unit or an enhanced local ground current control.
{"title":"Earth currents in HVDC grids: An example based on 5 terminal bipolar configurations","authors":"E. Berne, G. Bergna, P. Egrot, Q. Wolff","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910729","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of Voltage Source Converters and the recent progresses for DC fault management through DC breakers or inherent fault limiting converters, HVDC has become more and more attractive to grid operators and the possibility of a DC grid layer superimposed to the AC grid is gaining ground. Still, a lot of questions remain concerning the appropriate operation of such a grid. One question that has only attracted limited interest is the possibility of ground currents circulating between stations of the grid. The current levels and the criticity of this question are highly dependent on the topology of these hypothetical DC grids and theirs modes of operation. Still, the environmental and legal issues associated with ground currents as well justify the need to study this aspect as well as the mission profile information required for the proper HVDC station electrode design. The aim of this document is to provide illustration of ground current circulation in the case of bipolar HVDC grids with 5-terminal meshed and radial examples. The influence of the mode of operation of the grid is studied, in the transient case with a DC-fault and in the permanent case of operation with a faulted pole. The influence of the impedance connection to ground is illustrated with both high and low resistance cases. Finally, the possibility of using a pole voltage balancing control unit is investigated and its limits are demonstrated, showing the need for a supervision unit or an enhanced local ground current control.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90276350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910991
M. Schilling, U. Schwalbe, T. Szalai, T. Heidrich, F. Endert, S. Ivanov, F. Cuibus
At present, there are two typical electromotive drive train system (EDTS) configurations on the market. On the one hand, there are high voltage systems for conventional cars with system voltages in the range of 400 V - 800 V. In industrial truck and fork lifter applications, there are low voltage solutions with a system voltage of 80 V. A main question at this topic is: “Which system battery voltage is the best solution for EDTSs?” In future, the development-goals of EDTSs are high efficiency, high power density, low costs and system safety [1]. This paper will show the way of estimating the best system voltage regarding the named development goals. The main focus of the paper is on the system efficiency and losses simulation. Therefore a system simulation with a real measured driving cycle input will be developed.
目前，市场上有两种典型的电动传动系统(EDTS)配置。一方面，传统汽车有高压系统，系统电压在400 V - 800 V之间。在工业卡车和叉车应用中，有系统电压为80 V的低压解决方案。本主题的一个主要问题是:“哪种系统电池电压是edts的最佳解决方案?”未来edts的发展目标是高效率、高功率密度、低成本和系统安全性[1]。本文将介绍根据上述开发目标估计最佳系统电压的方法。本文主要对系统的效率和损耗进行了仿真研究。因此，将开发一个具有真实测量驱动周期输入的系统仿真。
{"title":"System voltage estimation for a decentralized electromotive drive train system","authors":"M. Schilling, U. Schwalbe, T. Szalai, T. Heidrich, F. Endert, S. Ivanov, F. Cuibus","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910991","url":null,"abstract":"At present, there are two typical electromotive drive train system (EDTS) configurations on the market. On the one hand, there are high voltage systems for conventional cars with system voltages in the range of 400 V - 800 V. In industrial truck and fork lifter applications, there are low voltage solutions with a system voltage of 80 V. A main question at this topic is: “Which system battery voltage is the best solution for EDTSs?” In future, the development-goals of EDTSs are high efficiency, high power density, low costs and system safety [1]. This paper will show the way of estimating the best system voltage regarding the named development goals. The main focus of the paper is on the system efficiency and losses simulation. Therefore a system simulation with a real measured driving cycle input will be developed.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90610213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910780
M. G. Tehrani, Juuso Kelkka, J. Sopanen, A. Mikkola, Kimmo Kerkkanen
This study investigates the impact of transmission topology on the combined mechanical and electrical efficiency of an Electric Vehicle (EV) by comparing two types of transmissions. In an EV, due to space restrictions, a relatively high-speed electric motor is used with a reduction gear to provide adequate torque production. Since the electric motor's efficiency varies according to the amount of applied torque at different speeds, there is a question of whether a multi-step gearbox capable of increasing the electric efficiency by shifting operation points along constant power curves can also improve the powertrain overall efficiency. A mathematical model is developed for calculating the power losses due to movement of mechanical components. In this study, a geartrain is taken into closer analysis where a single reduction gear and a five-step gearbox are compared from an efficiency point of view.
{"title":"Transmission configuration effect on total efficiency of Electric Vehicle powertrain","authors":"M. G. Tehrani, Juuso Kelkka, J. Sopanen, A. Mikkola, Kimmo Kerkkanen","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2014.6910780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2014.6910780","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of transmission topology on the combined mechanical and electrical efficiency of an Electric Vehicle (EV) by comparing two types of transmissions. In an EV, due to space restrictions, a relatively high-speed electric motor is used with a reduction gear to provide adequate torque production. Since the electric motor's efficiency varies according to the amount of applied torque at different speeds, there is a question of whether a multi-step gearbox capable of increasing the electric efficiency by shifting operation points along constant power curves can also improve the powertrain overall efficiency. A mathematical model is developed for calculating the power losses due to movement of mechanical components. In this study, a geartrain is taken into closer analysis where a single reduction gear and a five-step gearbox are compared from an efficiency point of view.","PeriodicalId":6508,"journal":{"name":"2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications","volume":"50 1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90739520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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