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2015 IEEE 3rd Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications (WiPDA)最新文献

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Recent developments in GaN-based optical rapid switching semiconductor devices 基于gan的光快速开关半导体器件的最新进展
Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369312
S. Mazumder, J. Leach, K. Udwary, K. Technologies, Xinmei Wang
This manuscript provides a brief outline on a relatively new line of work with focus on optically-switched GaN based devices.
这份手稿提供了一个相对较新的工作线的简要概述,重点是基于光开关GaN的器件。
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引用次数: 0
Short circuit robustness of 1200 V SiC switches 1200v SiC开关的短路稳健性
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369309
R. Singh, B. Grummel, S. Sundaresan
Short-circuit (SC) robustness of 1200 V-rated SiC npn Junction Transistors (SJTs) and commercial power DMOSFETs is investigated. Due to low overdrive base currents and low short-circuit currents the absence of short-channel effects, SJTs demonstrate superior SC capability including: (a) minimum short-circuit withstand time (tSc) of 14 μs, even at Vds=1000 V (b) Perfectly stable output and blocking characteristics after the application of 10,000, 10 μs long SC pulses at 800 V, and (c) tSC ≥ 18 μs at 800 V up to (at-least) 175°C base-plate temperatures. In contrast, commercial (Gen-II) 1200 V/80 mΩ SiC MOSFETs exhibit catastrophic failure beyond tSC = 7 μs at 500 V, and tSC = 3 μs at 800 V, due to excessive SC currents of > 200 A resulting in junction temperatures in excess of 650°C. Also, the MOSFET's drain leakage currents increase by a factor of 120, and the Vth reduces by 20%, after the application of 7 μs-long SC pulses at 500 V. Electro-thermal simulations indicate a significantly lower junction temperature for SJTs during short circuit pulses as compared to SiC MOSFETs.
研究了1200 v额定SiC npn结晶体管(sjt)和商用功率dmosfet的短路鲁棒性。由于低过载基极电流和低短路电流,没有短通道效应,sjt表现出优异的SC性能,包括:(a)即使在Vds=1000 V时,最小短路耐受时间(tSc)为14 μs; (b)在800 V下施加10,000 μs长的SC脉冲后,输出和阻塞特性非常稳定;(c)在800 V下,tSc≥18 μs,直至(至少)175°c的基片温度。相比之下,商用(Gen-II) 1200 V/80 mΩ SiC mosfet在500 V时tSC = 7 μs,在800 V时tSC = 3 μs,由于大于200 A的SC电流过大,导致结温超过650℃,导致灾难性失效。此外,在500 V下施加7 μs长的SC脉冲后,MOSFET的漏极泄漏电流增加了120倍,Vth降低了20%。电热模拟表明,与SiC mosfet相比,sjt在短路脉冲期间的结温明显较低。
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引用次数: 13
Characterization and prediction of the avalanche performance of 1.2 kV SiC MOSFETs 1.2 kV SiC mosfet雪崩性能的表征与预测
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369294
C. Dimarino, B. Hull
This paper reports the avalanche capabilities of commercial 1.2 kV SiC MOSFETs. Various non-repetitive avalanche conditions, such as current, energy, and time in avalanche, were tested in order to fully evaluate the ruggedness of the SiC MOSFETs. From this testing, a boundary was drawn to identify the typical avalanche ruggedness of each device. It was shown that, unlike similarly-rated Si CoolMOS devices, the SiC MOSFETs could withstand avalanche currents that are more than twice that of their rated current. It was also determined that the avalanche boundary is scalable to the entire family of Cree's 1.2 kV SiC MOSFETs by the device active area. This is a noteworthy characteristic of the Cree SiC MOSFETs, as it indicates consistent behavior among the different devices.
本文报道了商用1.2 kV SiC mosfet的雪崩性能。为了充分评估SiC mosfet的坚固性,测试了各种非重复雪崩条件,如雪崩中的电流、能量和时间。从这个测试中,绘制了一个边界来确定每个设备的典型雪崩坚固性。结果表明,与类似额定的Si CoolMOS器件不同,SiC mosfet可以承受超过其额定电流两倍的雪崩电流。还确定雪崩边界可扩展到Cree的整个1.2 kV SiC mosfet系列的器件有效面积。这是Cree SiC mosfet的一个值得注意的特性,因为它表明不同器件之间的行为一致。
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引用次数: 25
Efficiency optimization for a power factor correction (PFC) rectifier with gallium nitride transistor 氮化镓晶体管功率因数校正整流器的效率优化
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369288
S. Bolte, N. Frohleke, J. Bocker
In this contribution, a 1 kW one phase power factor correction (PFC) rectifier with a Gallium Nitride (GaN) transistor is optimized considering switching frequency in regard to the losses of the PFC inductor. A driver circuit with negative voltage at switch-off supplied from a unipolar voltage supply is proposed. A model of the PFC rectifier including conduction and switching losses of semiconductors, copper and core losses of inductor is developed and utilized to identify the best design by numeric optimization of switching frequency, number of turns and length of air gap. Simulation results show an efficiency of about 98.6% at full load with 230 V mains voltage.
在这项贡献中,考虑到开关频率与PFC电感的损耗,对带有氮化镓(GaN)晶体管的1kw单相功率因数校正(PFC)整流器进行了优化。提出了一种由单极电压电源提供关断负电压的驱动电路。建立了包含半导体导通和开关损耗、铜损耗和电感铁芯损耗的PFC整流器模型,并利用该模型对开关频率、匝数和气隙长度进行了数值优化,确定了最佳设计方案。仿真结果表明,在230 V市电电压下,该方法的效率可达98.6%左右。
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引用次数: 1
Study of the turn-on of various high-voltage SiC thyristors 各种高压SiC晶闸管的导通研究
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369283
H. O’Brien, A. Ogunniyi, W. Shaheen, S. Ryu
This research is focused on characterization of the turn-on transition of high voltage SiC thyristors of different epilayer thicknesses and active area sizes to determine their suitability and limitations in high-dI/dt, fast-switching applications. The unique aspects of this study include the very high current density being switched through the thyristors over a short period of time at initial turn-on, resulting in very high instantaneous dissipated power over the small device volume. The devices that were characterized were 6 kV, 0.5 cm2 super gate turn-off thyristors (SGTOs), 10 kV, 1.05 cm2 SGTOs, and 15 kV, 1.05 cm2 SGTOs, all fabricated by Cree, Inc. for the Army Research Laboratory. The highest dI/dt and current density were 13 kA/microsecond and 3.2 kA/cm2 for a parallel pair of 0.5 cm2 thyristors, with pulse current peaking 250 ns from initial gate trigger. These evaluations help determine tradeoffs between series-stacking two lower-voltage thyristors versus using a single thicker-epi device, or paralleling two small-area devices versus switching one larger device, for fast-switching applications.
本研究的重点是表征不同涂层厚度和有源面积大小的高压SiC晶闸管的导通转变,以确定它们在高di /dt,快速开关应用中的适用性和局限性。这项研究的独特之处在于,在初始导通的短时间内,通过晶闸管切换的电流密度非常高,从而在很小的器件体积上产生非常高的瞬时耗散功率。所表征的器件有6 kV, 0.5 cm2的超级栅关断晶闸管(SGTOs), 10 kV, 1.05 cm2的SGTOs和15 kV, 1.05 cm2的SGTOs,都是由Cree公司为陆军研究实验室制造的。并联一对0.5 cm2晶闸管的最高dI/dt和电流密度分别为13 kA/微秒和3.2 kA/cm2,脉冲电流在初始栅极触发后达到峰值250ns。这些评估有助于确定在串联堆叠两个较低电压晶闸管与使用单个较厚的epi器件之间进行权衡,或者在快速开关应用中并联两个小面积器件与切换一个较大的器件之间进行权衡。
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引用次数: 1
Ultra-low inductance phase leg design for GaN-based three-phase motor drive systems 基于氮化镓的三相电机驱动系统的超低电感相腿设计
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369314
Xuning Zhang, Nidhi Haryani, Zhiyu Shen, R. Burgos, D. Boroyevich
This paper presents an improved phase leg power loop design for enhance mode lateral structure Gallium Nitride (GaN) transistors. Static characterization results of a 650V/30A GaN transistor are presented. The gate driver circuit is designed based on the characterization results. In order to reduce current commutation loop inductance within the GaN phase leg, an improved power loop design with vertical structure is proposed for lateral structure GaN transistors. The control of Common Mode (CM) noise current propagation is also considered during the gate driver design by optimizing the power distribution and grounding structure of the gate driver and digital control circuits. By differentiating the propagation path impedance of digital control circuits and their power supply circuits, conductive CM noise can propagate through power supply path to protect the digital control circuits. The design is verified through experiments on a phase leg prototype which prove the effectiveness of the proposed phase leg on the overvoltage reduction during current transition along with less cross-coupling between power loop and gate loop compared with conventional lateral power loop design. Finally, a three phase motor drive system is designed and tested based on the proposed phase leg.
提出了一种用于增强模式横向结构氮化镓(GaN)晶体管的改进相位支路功率环路设计。给出了一种650V/30A GaN晶体管的静态特性分析结果。在此基础上设计了栅极驱动电路。为了减小氮化镓相腿内电流换相回路的电感,提出了一种改进的垂直结构的横向结构氮化镓晶体管功率回路设计。通过优化栅极驱动器和数字控制电路的功率分配和接地结构,在栅极驱动器设计中还考虑了共模噪声电流传播的控制。通过区分数字控制电路及其电源电路的传播路径阻抗,导电CM噪声可以通过电源路径传播,从而保护数字控制电路。通过在相腿样机上的实验验证了该设计,与传统的横向功率环路设计相比,所提出的相腿在电流转换过程中降低过电压的有效性,并且功率回路与门回路之间的交叉耦合较小。最后,基于所提出的相腿设计并测试了三相电机驱动系统。
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引用次数: 17
High frequency eGaN monolithic half bridge IC based 12 VIN to 1 VOUT point of load converter 基于12 VIN到1 VOUT点负载转换器的高频eGaN单片半桥集成电路
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369282
D. Reusch
Power converters are constantly trending towards higher efficiency, higher power density, higher switching frequency, and higher output current. Rapidly maturing gallium nitride (GaN) technology can meet these demands, and in this paper high performance 12 VIN to 1 VOUT eGaN monolithic half bridge IC based point-of-load (POL) buck converters will be demonstrated at output currents up to 40 A and switching frequencies up to 4 MHz.
功率变换器不断向更高的效率、更高的功率密度、更高的开关频率和更高的输出电流发展。快速成熟的氮化镓(GaN)技术可以满足这些需求,在本文中,高性能的12 VIN到1 VOUT eGaN单片半桥IC基于负载点(POL)降压转换器将被展示,输出电流高达40 A,开关频率高达4 MHz。
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引用次数: 7
Design considerations for high power density/efficient PCB embedded inductor 高功率密度/高效PCB嵌入式电感的设计注意事项
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369285
Mehrdad Biglarbegian, Neel Shah, I. Mazhari, B. Parkhideh
This paper presents the design and implementation of high power density and highly efficient air-core embedded inductor onto Printed Circuit Board (PCB) for 280W-5A/240nH, 280W-12A/150nH and 280W-18A/50nH. The toroidal structure due to its better performance on interfacing electromagnetic fields (EMI), is investigated. In addition, thermal restrictions are considered at high current capacity by reducing the inductor size. This will bring the advantage of lower resistivity and consequently the conduction loss. Other challenges such as temperature rise optimization of high current (18A) on the PCB is also investigated. First, parameter calculation for design consideration of an embedded inductor are presented, then JMAG simulations are used to observe precisely the temperature rise profile distribution in different sections of the inductor. An optimized design to achieve high efficient inductor and simultaneously high power density is proposed and several experiments and accurate designs are shown. The primary results show an acceptable temperature rise for high current (18A) inductor without the heat sink.
本文介绍了280W-5A/240nH、280W-12A/150nH和280W-18A/50nH高功率密度、高效率空芯嵌入式电感在印刷电路板(PCB)上的设计与实现。由于环面结构具有较好的界面电磁场(EMI)性能,对其进行了研究。此外,通过减小电感尺寸,考虑了在大电流容量下的热限制。这将带来低电阻率的优势,从而降低传导损耗。其他挑战,如PCB上的大电流(18A)温升优化也进行了研究。首先给出了嵌入式电感器的设计参数计算,然后利用JMAG仿真精确观察了电感器不同截面的温升分布。提出了一种既能实现高效率电感又能实现高功率密度的优化设计方案,并进行了多次实验和精确设计。初步结果表明,在没有散热片的情况下,大电流(18A)电感的温升是可以接受的。
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引用次数: 17
Methodology to qualify silicon carbide MOSFETs for single shot avalanche events 验证碳化硅mosfet用于单次雪崩事件的方法
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369276
V. Pala, B. Hull, J. Richmond, P. Butler, S. Allen, J. Palmour
This paper presents a methodology to establish and qualify safe bounds of operation for Silicon Carbide power devices under avalanche stress. The methodology involves using a statistical method to estimate an avalanche safe operating area, and by ensuring that device reliability is not degraded after avalanche stress. We also demonstrate the avalanche capability of the C3M 900V SiC MOSFETs, which have been fully qualified for avalanche ruggedness by employing this methodology.
本文提出了一种建立和确定雪崩应力下碳化硅功率器件安全工作边界的方法。该方法包括使用统计方法来估计雪崩安全操作区域,并确保雪崩应力后设备可靠性不会降低。我们还展示了C3M 900V SiC mosfet的雪崩能力,通过采用这种方法,它已经完全符合雪崩坚固性。
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引用次数: 11
Understanding switching losses in SiC MOSFET: Toward lossless switching 了解SiC MOSFET的开关损耗:迈向无损开关
Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WIPDA.2015.7369295
Xuan Li, Liqi Zhang, Suxuan Guo, Yang Lei, A. Huang, Bo Zhang
Due to the limitation in circuit measurements using current and voltage probes, the conventional ways of measuring switching losses lack the physical insight of the complicated witching process in power devices such as the SiC power MOSFET. This paper seeks to have a better understanding of the dynamic turn-on and turn-off processes of the SiC power MOSFET. Using a detailed finite element simulation model in TCAD Sentaurus, a better and accurate understanding of switching losses in SiC MOSFET is obtained. The physical insights during switching process, as well as the impact of gate resistance and common source parasitic inductance are studied. Based on the results obtained in this study, SiC MOSFET can achieve lossless switching for both turn-on and turn-off if certain conditions of its gate drive circuit and load current conditions are met. Therefore this analysis provides a theoretical guidance for high voltage SiC MOSFETs to be used in extremely high switching frequency applications.
由于使用电流和电压探头测量电路的限制,传统的测量开关损耗的方法缺乏对功率器件(如SiC功率MOSFET)中复杂开关过程的物理洞察力。本文旨在更好地理解SiC功率MOSFET的动态导通和关断过程。利用TCAD Sentaurus中详细的有限元仿真模型,可以更好、更准确地理解SiC MOSFET的开关损耗。研究了开关过程中的物理特性,以及栅极电阻和共源寄生电感的影响。根据本研究的结果,SiC MOSFET在满足其栅极驱动电路和负载电流的一定条件下,可以实现导通和关断的无损切换。因此,该分析为高压SiC mosfet用于极高开关频率的应用提供了理论指导。
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引用次数: 75
期刊
2015 IEEE 3rd Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications (WiPDA)
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