Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502666
M. Indri, S. Trapani, A. Bonci, M. Pirani
Although an industrial robot represents a higher class of machine, it is a part of a production system. The robot, regardless of its own complexity, can be represented by a set of actions that leads itself towards the achievement of production goals. In the present paper the robot actions will be modeled as a production system in order to manage and monitoring its actions toward a production target. This will allow an easier integration of the robot within the production process, as required by the new paradigms for the factories of the future.
{"title":"Integration of a Production Efficiency Tool with a General Robot Task Modeling Approach","authors":"M. Indri, S. Trapani, A. Bonci, M. Pirani","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502666","url":null,"abstract":"Although an industrial robot represents a higher class of machine, it is a part of a production system. The robot, regardless of its own complexity, can be represented by a set of actions that leads itself towards the achievement of production goals. In the present paper the robot actions will be modeled as a production system in order to manage and monitoring its actions toward a production target. This will allow an easier integration of the robot within the production process, as required by the new paradigms for the factories of the future.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"28 1","pages":"1273-1280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87992871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/etfa.2018.8502543
{"title":"WIP Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks, and Information Processing","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/etfa.2018.8502543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502543","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"85 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91443964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502445
A. Eckhardt, Sebastian Müller, L. Leurs
In today's factory automation the exchange of data between systems becomes more and more important. The goal is to use one communication technology through all levels of a factory automation. Now the challenge is to find a communication technology that fulfills all the requirements on the different levels. The Server/Client architecture used in OPC UA became the de facto standard for several use cases in the upper levels, but in the lower levels e.g. Control-to-Control and Field level, OPC UA wasn't performant enough to replace today's fieldbus technologies. Therefore the OPC Foundation extended OPC UA by a Publish Subscribe architecture which was released in March 2018 in the OPC UA Specification Part 14. This paper gives an overview of this specification and an evaluation of the applicability of OPC UA communication technologies in combination with Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) on factory automation use cases.
{"title":"An Evaluation of the Applicability of OPC UA Publish Subscribe on Factory Automation use Cases","authors":"A. Eckhardt, Sebastian Müller, L. Leurs","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502445","url":null,"abstract":"In today's factory automation the exchange of data between systems becomes more and more important. The goal is to use one communication technology through all levels of a factory automation. Now the challenge is to find a communication technology that fulfills all the requirements on the different levels. The Server/Client architecture used in OPC UA became the de facto standard for several use cases in the upper levels, but in the lower levels e.g. Control-to-Control and Field level, OPC UA wasn't performant enough to replace today's fieldbus technologies. Therefore the OPC Foundation extended OPC UA by a Publish Subscribe architecture which was released in March 2018 in the OPC UA Specification Part 14. This paper gives an overview of this specification and an evaluation of the applicability of OPC UA communication technologies in combination with Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) on factory automation use cases.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"40 1","pages":"1071-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90899616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/etfa.2018.8502443
{"title":"Ontologies and Information Modelling","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/etfa.2018.8502443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81341846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502665
P. Varga, Dániel Kozma, Csaba Hegedüs
System of systems within the cyber-physical context often have a greater goal to achieve - such as a product to deliver, or a series of services to be executed. Once this greater goal is described, physical elements should execute steps leading towards that goal. They often supposed to take into account the dynamically changing environment, as well as the availability and the capabilities of the surrounding systems and their services. While the Arrowhead Framework already provides support for tackling interoperability, integrability, service discovery, security and other challenges, it does not intrinsically support the execution of such, runtime workflows. The current paper proposes a supporting system - namely: the Choreographer - to be utilized for service chaining, and workflow execution. Besides describing the main services provided by the Choreographer, the principles behind its operation we detail how its control sequences fit into the orchestration and event handling procedures of Arrowhead. Furthermore, we describe a novel, Petri Net based method to demonstrate how data-driven methodology can support parallelized service execution.
{"title":"Data-Driven Workflow Execution in Service Oriented IoT Architectures","authors":"P. Varga, Dániel Kozma, Csaba Hegedüs","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502665","url":null,"abstract":"System of systems within the cyber-physical context often have a greater goal to achieve - such as a product to deliver, or a series of services to be executed. Once this greater goal is described, physical elements should execute steps leading towards that goal. They often supposed to take into account the dynamically changing environment, as well as the availability and the capabilities of the surrounding systems and their services. While the Arrowhead Framework already provides support for tackling interoperability, integrability, service discovery, security and other challenges, it does not intrinsically support the execution of such, runtime workflows. The current paper proposes a supporting system - namely: the Choreographer - to be utilized for service chaining, and workflow execution. Besides describing the main services provided by the Choreographer, the principles behind its operation we detail how its control sequences fit into the orchestration and event handling procedures of Arrowhead. Furthermore, we describe a novel, Petri Net based method to demonstrate how data-driven methodology can support parallelized service execution.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"10 1","pages":"203-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89350681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502581
L. S. Fernández, Luite Alejandro Sanchez Perez, José Juan Carbajal Hernández, Gabriel de J. Rodriguez Jordan
The biomechanical signals acquisition through wireless sensor networks and the information processing for healthcare in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have an important challenge. As well as other biomechanical signs, patients with PD usually present slow movements, difficult to initiate, vary or interrupt which reflect in gait alterations. The patient should walk at least 10 meters, then turn around and return to the starting point. These movement requirements can affect the wireless communication quality. Currently there are many scales for the assessment of patients with PD, but in recent research, the scale “Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease-Rating Rating Scale” (MDS-UPDRS) has gained great notoriety. However, evaluation is in a subjective way and depends a lot on the patient's momentary status and the results shown are qualitative only, and the subtle differences not detected. This paper presents results with wireless sensors networks Bluetooth and XBee, respectively, as well as the first stage of a diffuse model to analyse, evaluate and classify the gait according to the parameters established by the MDS-UPDRS, with multi-axial signals from inertial measurement units. The model presented good results for evaluation and classification, always backed-up by the help of medical experts.
{"title":"Biomechanical Signal Analysis for Evaluation of Gait in Parkinson's Disease","authors":"L. S. Fernández, Luite Alejandro Sanchez Perez, José Juan Carbajal Hernández, Gabriel de J. Rodriguez Jordan","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502581","url":null,"abstract":"The biomechanical signals acquisition through wireless sensor networks and the information processing for healthcare in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have an important challenge. As well as other biomechanical signs, patients with PD usually present slow movements, difficult to initiate, vary or interrupt which reflect in gait alterations. The patient should walk at least 10 meters, then turn around and return to the starting point. These movement requirements can affect the wireless communication quality. Currently there are many scales for the assessment of patients with PD, but in recent research, the scale “Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease-Rating Rating Scale” (MDS-UPDRS) has gained great notoriety. However, evaluation is in a subjective way and depends a lot on the patient's momentary status and the results shown are qualitative only, and the subtle differences not detected. This paper presents results with wireless sensors networks Bluetooth and XBee, respectively, as well as the first stage of a diffuse model to analyse, evaluate and classify the gait according to the parameters established by the MDS-UPDRS, with multi-axial signals from inertial measurement units. The model presented good results for evaluation and classification, always backed-up by the help of medical experts.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"20 1","pages":"792-799"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87926492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502538
Ayman Murshed, M. Abuteir, R. Obermaisser
System-of-Systems (SoS) consist of the complex interconnection of large numbers of networked embedded systems that are characterized by operational and managerial independence of constituent systems, geographical separation, and emergent behavior in a constantly changing environment. The support for real-time communication is of crucial importance for many application areas such as medical, business, and military systems. The scheduling for such complex systems requires corresponding algorithms with additional requirements compared to classic monolithic systems. In this paper, two-level scheduling is assumed to deal with the SoS complexity where the first level is mapping application subsystems to constituent systems and the second level is mapping the application subsystem jobs in each constituent system to the local computational and communication resources to deal with the managerial independence of the SoS. This paper introduces a simulation framework for SoS that supports high-level scheduling as well as low-level scheduling for each constituent system. The proposed framework is built using the OPNET simulator with Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTEth-ernet) simulation models while the scheduling problem for the constituent systems is solved using IBM CPLEX.
{"title":"Simulation and Validation Framework for Safety-Critical Applications in System-of-Systems","authors":"Ayman Murshed, M. Abuteir, R. Obermaisser","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502538","url":null,"abstract":"System-of-Systems (SoS) consist of the complex interconnection of large numbers of networked embedded systems that are characterized by operational and managerial independence of constituent systems, geographical separation, and emergent behavior in a constantly changing environment. The support for real-time communication is of crucial importance for many application areas such as medical, business, and military systems. The scheduling for such complex systems requires corresponding algorithms with additional requirements compared to classic monolithic systems. In this paper, two-level scheduling is assumed to deal with the SoS complexity where the first level is mapping application subsystems to constituent systems and the second level is mapping the application subsystem jobs in each constituent system to the local computational and communication resources to deal with the managerial independence of the SoS. This paper introduces a simulation framework for SoS that supports high-level scheduling as well as low-level scheduling for each constituent system. The proposed framework is built using the OPNET simulator with Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTEth-ernet) simulation models while the scheduling problem for the constituent systems is solved using IBM CPLEX.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"65 1","pages":"376-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77705633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502518
M. Indri, Fiorella Sibona, L. Russo
Fast prototyping, in combination with Open Source resources, has a key role in the present technological evolution. In this work, an Open Source ROS-based architecture for Fast Software Prototyping for robot arms is proposed, based on Docker containers as a porting tool. This new architecture, called P&P (Plug and Prototype), has been integrated with an Open Source 3D-printed robot arm, to validate its ease of integration and use, also for less expert users. The P&P design is introduced and proposed as a standard for robot arms applications development, thanks to its modular and easily extensible structure.
与开源资源相结合的快速原型在当前的技术发展中发挥着关键作用。在这项工作中，基于Docker容器作为移植工具，提出了一种基于ros的机器人手臂快速软件原型的开源架构。这种名为P&P (Plug and Prototype)的新架构与开源3d打印机械臂集成在一起，以验证其易于集成和使用，也适用于不太专业的用户。由于其模块化和易于扩展的结构，介绍并提出了P&P设计作为机器人手臂应用开发的标准。
{"title":"P&P - Standard architecture to enable fast software prototyping for robot arms","authors":"M. Indri, Fiorella Sibona, L. Russo","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502518","url":null,"abstract":"Fast prototyping, in combination with Open Source resources, has a key role in the present technological evolution. In this work, an Open Source ROS-based architecture for Fast Software Prototyping for robot arms is proposed, based on Docker containers as a porting tool. This new architecture, called P&P (Plug and Prototype), has been integrated with an Open Source 3D-printed robot arm, to validate its ease of integration and use, also for less expert users. The P&P design is introduced and proposed as a standard for robot arms applications development, thanks to its modular and easily extensible structure.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"153 1","pages":"721-728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76624689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/etfa.2018.8502582
{"title":"WIP Industrial Communication Technologies and Systems","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/etfa.2018.8502582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73066917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502509
D. Fanucchi, B. Staehle, R. Knorr
An open standardized protocol stack proposed by IETF is nowadays emerging in industrial wireless communication. Main building blocks are TSCH at MAC layer and RPL as routing protocol. This standard architecture is able to replace proprietary technology and to guarantee a timely, reliable and energy efficient communication. However, IETF can not offer a one-size-fits-all solution. Therefore, implementers of industrial IoT have to correctly set the parameters of the protocols in this stack, adapting it to the application requirements and on the physical topology. This paper focuses on the network formation procedure proposed by IETF 6TiSCH working group, a mandatory phase before nodes may transmit any sensed data. We evaluate through simulations the impact of TSCH- and RPL-parameters on the duration of and the energy consumed for the network formation process. We describe how to avoid an unsuccessful network formation and we give guidelines for an appropriate parameter setting, depending on typical network topologies.
{"title":"Network Formation for Industrial IoT: Evaluation, Limits and Recommendations","authors":"D. Fanucchi, B. Staehle, R. Knorr","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502509","url":null,"abstract":"An open standardized protocol stack proposed by IETF is nowadays emerging in industrial wireless communication. Main building blocks are TSCH at MAC layer and RPL as routing protocol. This standard architecture is able to replace proprietary technology and to guarantee a timely, reliable and energy efficient communication. However, IETF can not offer a one-size-fits-all solution. Therefore, implementers of industrial IoT have to correctly set the parameters of the protocols in this stack, adapting it to the application requirements and on the physical topology. This paper focuses on the network formation procedure proposed by IETF 6TiSCH working group, a mandatory phase before nodes may transmit any sensed data. We evaluate through simulations the impact of TSCH- and RPL-parameters on the duration of and the energy consumed for the network formation process. We describe how to avoid an unsuccessful network formation and we give guidelines for an appropriate parameter setting, depending on typical network topologies.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"44 1","pages":"227-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73570465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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