A method for the surface texturing of well-designed and high controllable micro dimple structures on stainless steel by direct laser interference lithography (DLIL) is presented. The method offers its innovation that the micro circular dimple structures can be fabricated directly by controlling the process of three-beam laser interference. Different exposure durations have been studied to achieve the optimum value of the dimple diameter and density in order to reduce the friction coefficient of stainless steel. The dry sliding test of friction coefficients were performed by mechanical tester (UMT-TriboLab) under normal loads of 15 N. The results indicate that the micro circular dimple structures with the average dimple diameter of 4.2 μm and density of 23 percent have about 77% reduction of friction coefficient compared with untreated surfaces.
{"title":"Surface texturing on stainless steel by direct laser interference lithography","authors":"Liang Cao, Qi Liu, M. Yu, Wenjun Li, Dayou Li, Zuobin Wang, Dong Li, Jiao Meng","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286335","url":null,"abstract":"A method for the surface texturing of well-designed and high controllable micro dimple structures on stainless steel by direct laser interference lithography (DLIL) is presented. The method offers its innovation that the micro circular dimple structures can be fabricated directly by controlling the process of three-beam laser interference. Different exposure durations have been studied to achieve the optimum value of the dimple diameter and density in order to reduce the friction coefficient of stainless steel. The dry sliding test of friction coefficients were performed by mechanical tester (UMT-TriboLab) under normal loads of 15 N. The results indicate that the micro circular dimple structures with the average dimple diameter of 4.2 μm and density of 23 percent have about 77% reduction of friction coefficient compared with untreated surfaces.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"19 1","pages":"119-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88480069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286332
Jinyun Liu, Zhengxun Song, Zuobin Wang, Renxi Qiu, Dayou Li
It is known that when the probe vibrating in liquid, the oscillation of the cantilever is significantly damped by the interaction forces between the water molecule and the probe surface, which is known as the hydration force. Thus, the parameters of a tapping magnetic probe are affected. In this work, the resonant frequency, Q-factor and spring constant of the magnetic probe in air and liquid environments were analyzed. The MFM images of a hard disk acquired in ambient and liquid conditions were compared. It was found that the hydration force affected the parameters of the magnetic probe and then the quality of the MFM images was decreased. To improve the quality of the magnetic images, the drive amplitude and the lift height were adjusted. The results showed that the magnetic features were recognized with the increases of the drive amplitude and the appropriate lift height.
{"title":"Effect of liquid on the magnetic force microscope imaging","authors":"Jinyun Liu, Zhengxun Song, Zuobin Wang, Renxi Qiu, Dayou Li","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286332","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that when the probe vibrating in liquid, the oscillation of the cantilever is significantly damped by the interaction forces between the water molecule and the probe surface, which is known as the hydration force. Thus, the parameters of a tapping magnetic probe are affected. In this work, the resonant frequency, Q-factor and spring constant of the magnetic probe in air and liquid environments were analyzed. The MFM images of a hard disk acquired in ambient and liquid conditions were compared. It was found that the hydration force affected the parameters of the magnetic probe and then the quality of the MFM images was decreased. To improve the quality of the magnetic images, the drive amplitude and the lift height were adjusted. The results showed that the magnetic features were recognized with the increases of the drive amplitude and the appropriate lift height.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"33 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81056046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286284
Jiyu Sun, Wei Wu, Ruijuan Du, Chunxiang Pan, Zhijun Zhang
The color-changing and nanomechanical properties of elytra of Harmonía axyridis Pallas and Dynastes tityus were studied in this paper. The irreversible color change of Harmonía axyridis Pallas is related to pigments and microstructures of cuticle. And nanoindentation results demonstrate that the strong interactions of protein matrix of black spot region may lead it to be harder than orange region. Additionally, the black spot region has anisotropic mechanical properties. As to reversible color change of Dynastes tityus, measurements on structure morphology of elytra indicate that the color-changing from yellow-green to deep-brown mainly results from water absorption with sponge structure. Er and H display an increasing tendency from epicuticle (EPI) to endocuticle (ENDO). The relatively low Er and H of elytron surface play a role in buffer, and the increasingly higher strength is to keep its shape and stability.
{"title":"Nanomechanical properties of elytra derived from irreversible and reversible color-changing beetles","authors":"Jiyu Sun, Wei Wu, Ruijuan Du, Chunxiang Pan, Zhijun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286284","url":null,"abstract":"The color-changing and nanomechanical properties of elytra of Harmonía axyridis Pallas and Dynastes tityus were studied in this paper. The irreversible color change of Harmonía axyridis Pallas is related to pigments and microstructures of cuticle. And nanoindentation results demonstrate that the strong interactions of protein matrix of black spot region may lead it to be harder than orange region. Additionally, the black spot region has anisotropic mechanical properties. As to reversible color change of Dynastes tityus, measurements on structure morphology of elytra indicate that the color-changing from yellow-green to deep-brown mainly results from water absorption with sponge structure. Er and H display an increasing tendency from epicuticle (EPI) to endocuticle (ENDO). The relatively low Er and H of elytron surface play a role in buffer, and the increasingly higher strength is to keep its shape and stability.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"45 1","pages":"195-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85595984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286265
Yanxia Zou, Weijie Sun, J. Yeow
A backstepping sliding mode controller, which combines both backstepping control and sliding mode technique, is introduced to control the deflection trajectory of the MEMS magnetic mirror. First, mathematical model of the MEMS magnetic mirror is presented. Then, a backstepping sliding mode control (BSMC) approach is proposed to improve the performance of the MEMS based mirror. With the backstepping sliding mode controller, the experimental illustration for the magnetic mirror is conducted using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based digital implementation platform. The result shows that the proposed control approach admits good transient control performance and robustness to uncertainties.
{"title":"Nonlinear control for a MEMS hard-magnetic micromirror by using backstepping sliding mode method","authors":"Yanxia Zou, Weijie Sun, J. Yeow","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286265","url":null,"abstract":"A backstepping sliding mode controller, which combines both backstepping control and sliding mode technique, is introduced to control the deflection trajectory of the MEMS magnetic mirror. First, mathematical model of the MEMS magnetic mirror is presented. Then, a backstepping sliding mode control (BSMC) approach is proposed to improve the performance of the MEMS based mirror. With the backstepping sliding mode controller, the experimental illustration for the magnetic mirror is conducted using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based digital implementation platform. The result shows that the proposed control approach admits good transient control performance and robustness to uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"19 1","pages":"254-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75215710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286336
Xiaohui Ning, Q. Meng, Li Li, Yonglu Han, Dongyang Zhou, Liang Cao, Z. Weng, R. Ding, Zuobin Wang
Titanium dioxide (TÍO2) is one of the most widely investigated semiconductor materials because of its unique properties. TiO2 nanowire arrays can be synthesized through a two-step method, the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates were ablated using laser interference lithography technology, and TiO2 nanowire arrays grown on the patterned FTO substrates. The TiO2 nanowire arrays were characterized by SEM and XRD measurements. This work provides a high efficient method for the fabrication of ordered TiO2 nanowire arrays for different applications in highly functionalized assemblies and composites.
{"title":"Fabrication of TiO2 nanowire arrays using laser interference lithography aided hydrothermal method","authors":"Xiaohui Ning, Q. Meng, Li Li, Yonglu Han, Dongyang Zhou, Liang Cao, Z. Weng, R. Ding, Zuobin Wang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286336","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium dioxide (TÍO2) is one of the most widely investigated semiconductor materials because of its unique properties. TiO2 nanowire arrays can be synthesized through a two-step method, the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates were ablated using laser interference lithography technology, and TiO2 nanowire arrays grown on the patterned FTO substrates. The TiO2 nanowire arrays were characterized by SEM and XRD measurements. This work provides a high efficient method for the fabrication of ordered TiO2 nanowire arrays for different applications in highly functionalized assemblies and composites.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"10 1","pages":"375-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73917329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The force-distance profiles are in agreement with Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory in dilute solutions. However as solute concentration being elevated, the deviations from DLVO theoretical prediction are observed with the experiment. In this work, the force as a function of distance between two molecularly smooth mica sheets immersed in concentrated NaCl solutions is measured using the surface forces apparatus (SFA). In 0.1 M solution, the long-range force shows no deviation from DLVO force, while at short distance the discrepancies between experiment and theory can be explained by introducing a hydration force. The fitted surface potential Ψd consists with ion-exchange model prediction by shifting the diffuse layer on the mica surface at a distance of a diameter of hydrated ion. In the more concentrated solutions, the measured results indicate that an extra diffuse layer is formed. Here, the cause of the unexpected phenomenon is due to the effect of crowing and overadsorption by considering co-ions, which result in Na+ and Cl− alternated layering distributions at the interface. Therefore, solidification areas are more likely to be formed under the condition of the confined space, especially in the highly concentrated 3 M and 5 M solutions.
{"title":"Force measurements between mica surfaces in concentrated electrolyte solutions","authors":"Peng Zhang, Zhicheng Liu, Yongkang Wang, Yajing Kan, Yunfei Chen","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286268","url":null,"abstract":"The force-distance profiles are in agreement with Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory in dilute solutions. However as solute concentration being elevated, the deviations from DLVO theoretical prediction are observed with the experiment. In this work, the force as a function of distance between two molecularly smooth mica sheets immersed in concentrated NaCl solutions is measured using the surface forces apparatus (SFA). In 0.1 M solution, the long-range force shows no deviation from DLVO force, while at short distance the discrepancies between experiment and theory can be explained by introducing a hydration force. The fitted surface potential Ψd consists with ion-exchange model prediction by shifting the diffuse layer on the mica surface at a distance of a diameter of hydrated ion. In the more concentrated solutions, the measured results indicate that an extra diffuse layer is formed. Here, the cause of the unexpected phenomenon is due to the effect of crowing and overadsorption by considering co-ions, which result in Na+ and Cl− alternated layering distributions at the interface. Therefore, solidification areas are more likely to be formed under the condition of the confined space, especially in the highly concentrated 3 M and 5 M solutions.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"34 1","pages":"353-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76169103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286329
I. Kostadinov, F. Suriano, D. Draganov, H. Iliev, I. Buchvarov, V. Kotev, Kostadin Kostadinov, D. Bortoli, G. Giovanelli
A Smart LIDAR system based on an innovative Nd:YAG laser designed for operation at three wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm and 355 nm) is presented. The repetition rate of the emitting module of up to 4 kHz allows for the basic version of the described system to achieve a spatial resolution of 187.5 cm. The system is a smart mobile device/unit ideally suited for: (i) studies of time-vertical variation of atmospheric fine particulate matter, (ii) 3D reconstruction of plumes from stationary and mobile sources, e.g., emitted by industrial stacks of industrial plants, ships, airplanes, vehicles, etc. Preliminary results with the proposed systems operating at 532 nm and 355 nm are reported here.
{"title":"A smart LIDAR based on compact Nd:YAG laser for atmospheric fine particulate matter","authors":"I. Kostadinov, F. Suriano, D. Draganov, H. Iliev, I. Buchvarov, V. Kotev, Kostadin Kostadinov, D. Bortoli, G. Giovanelli","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286329","url":null,"abstract":"A Smart LIDAR system based on an innovative Nd:YAG laser designed for operation at three wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm and 355 nm) is presented. The repetition rate of the emitting module of up to 4 kHz allows for the basic version of the described system to achieve a spatial resolution of 187.5 cm. The system is a smart mobile device/unit ideally suited for: (i) studies of time-vertical variation of atmospheric fine particulate matter, (ii) 3D reconstruction of plumes from stationary and mobile sources, e.g., emitted by industrial stacks of industrial plants, ships, airplanes, vehicles, etc. Preliminary results with the proposed systems operating at 532 nm and 355 nm are reported here.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76124388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286304
Jingyi Huang, D. Gurav, Xiang Wei, Lin Huang, Xuming Sun, S. Wu, Haiyang Su, Kun Qian
We demonstrated a laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) based metabolite detection method using Au/Pd alloy nanocrystals as novel matrix. A sensitive LDI performance for detection of standard small molecules and metabolic analysis of serum samples was achieved owing to the unique structural feature of the alloy. Our approach offered facile sample preparation within minutes and low sample consumption down to ∼10 nL for practical application. This work shed light on material based LDI MS analysis of small molecular weight metabolites using designed diagnostic tools.
{"title":"Analysis of small metabolites using novel alloy nanoparticles","authors":"Jingyi Huang, D. Gurav, Xiang Wei, Lin Huang, Xuming Sun, S. Wu, Haiyang Su, Kun Qian","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286304","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrated a laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) based metabolite detection method using Au/Pd alloy nanocrystals as novel matrix. A sensitive LDI performance for detection of standard small molecules and metabolic analysis of serum samples was achieved owing to the unique structural feature of the alloy. Our approach offered facile sample preparation within minutes and low sample consumption down to ∼10 nL for practical application. This work shed light on material based LDI MS analysis of small molecular weight metabolites using designed diagnostic tools.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"57 1","pages":"178-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77379547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286314
Zhen Yang, Yanling Tian, Xianping Liu
This paper studied the rigorous derivations of Young, Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter (CB) equations based on Gibbs free energy. Two theoretical surface models, i.e. flat-top pillars and sinusoidal surface, were established to predict the equilibrium contact state, contact angle and wetted area. The intrinsic hydrophilic surface (θy =70°) and hydrophobic surface (θy =110°) were discussed, respectively. The contact states were investigated according to the Gibbs free energy minimization theory. It can be noted that the lower Gibbs free energy, the lower contact angle. The local or border minima of Gibbs energy indicates the existence of metastable or stable contact state. The influences of pillar height and sinusoidal amplitude on Gibbs energy and contact angles were also investigated. The transition point between Wenzel and CB state could be obtained. Furthermore, the wetted area, as the indicator to measure roll-off angle, demonstrates that in all cases, the wetted area under CB state was much smaller than Wenzel state for both flat-top pillars and sinusoidal surface models.
{"title":"The investigation of equilibrium contact state of liquid droplet on determined rough surfaces","authors":"Zhen Yang, Yanling Tian, Xianping Liu","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286314","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studied the rigorous derivations of Young, Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter (CB) equations based on Gibbs free energy. Two theoretical surface models, i.e. flat-top pillars and sinusoidal surface, were established to predict the equilibrium contact state, contact angle and wetted area. The intrinsic hydrophilic surface (θy =70°) and hydrophobic surface (θy =110°) were discussed, respectively. The contact states were investigated according to the Gibbs free energy minimization theory. It can be noted that the lower Gibbs free energy, the lower contact angle. The local or border minima of Gibbs energy indicates the existence of metastable or stable contact state. The influences of pillar height and sinusoidal amplitude on Gibbs energy and contact angles were also investigated. The transition point between Wenzel and CB state could be obtained. Furthermore, the wetted area, as the indicator to measure roll-off angle, demonstrates that in all cases, the wetted area under CB state was much smaller than Wenzel state for both flat-top pillars and sinusoidal surface models.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"12 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81725842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286301
Y. Zheng, J. Rakebrandt, H. Seifert, P. Smyrek, Wilhelm Pfleging
The porosity in composite electrode materials can vary on micro-and nanometer scale and has a great impact on electrochemical performance in lithium-ion cells. Liquid electrolyte has to penetrate into the entire porous electrodes in order to enable lithium-ion diffusion. For studying the electrochemical impact of porosity variations in composite lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide thick films (Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2, NMC), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied. A rapid chemical screening of the complete electrode after electrochemical cycling and cell degradation was performed. This rather new technological approach was used to obtain post-mortem critical information about surface and bulk phenomena that define and control the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The influence of porosity variations along NMC electrode surfaces was studied regarding capacity retention, life-time, and lithium distribution. For this purpose, different geometrical arrangements of porosity distribution were generated by embossing. Using LIBS, elemental mapping of lithium was obtained with a lateral resolution of 100 μm. A correlation between porosity distribution, cell degradation and local lithium plating could be identified.
{"title":"Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for studying the electrochemical impact of porosity variations in composite electrode materials","authors":"Y. Zheng, J. Rakebrandt, H. Seifert, P. Smyrek, Wilhelm Pfleging","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286301","url":null,"abstract":"The porosity in composite electrode materials can vary on micro-and nanometer scale and has a great impact on electrochemical performance in lithium-ion cells. Liquid electrolyte has to penetrate into the entire porous electrodes in order to enable lithium-ion diffusion. For studying the electrochemical impact of porosity variations in composite lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide thick films (Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2, NMC), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied. A rapid chemical screening of the complete electrode after electrochemical cycling and cell degradation was performed. This rather new technological approach was used to obtain post-mortem critical information about surface and bulk phenomena that define and control the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The influence of porosity variations along NMC electrode surfaces was studied regarding capacity retention, life-time, and lithium distribution. For this purpose, different geometrical arrangements of porosity distribution were generated by embossing. Using LIBS, elemental mapping of lithium was obtained with a lateral resolution of 100 μm. A correlation between porosity distribution, cell degradation and local lithium plating could be identified.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"140 1","pages":"65-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76887845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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