Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286333
Yingmin Qu, Jinyun Liu, Guoliang Wang, Zhengxun Song, Zuobin Wang
In this study, an AFM tip was used to penetrate the human colon cancer cells (SW480) in the culture medium containing pEGFP-N1-TRAIL plasmids. The trail plasmids encoded with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were moved into the SW480 cells through membrane holes created by the AFM probe. Following the penetration, the culture medium was changed into the RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% of fetal bovine serum and incubated for 24h. The expression of PEGFP-N1-TRAIL in SW480 cells was then observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The experiment results indicate that the AFM tip can be used to penetrate the membranes of targeted cells individually.
{"title":"Controlled manipulation of TRAIL into single human colon cancer cells using atomic force microscope","authors":"Yingmin Qu, Jinyun Liu, Guoliang Wang, Zhengxun Song, Zuobin Wang","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286333","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, an AFM tip was used to penetrate the human colon cancer cells (SW480) in the culture medium containing pEGFP-N1-TRAIL plasmids. The trail plasmids encoded with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were moved into the SW480 cells through membrane holes created by the AFM probe. Following the penetration, the culture medium was changed into the RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% of fetal bovine serum and incubated for 24h. The expression of PEGFP-N1-TRAIL in SW480 cells was then observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The experiment results indicate that the AFM tip can be used to penetrate the membranes of targeted cells individually.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"24 1","pages":"345-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85672869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cutting tools with surface micro-textures can effectively improve the wear resistance of the tool and improve cutting conditions. The effects of average output power on the morphology and quality of the micro-textures were analyzed by laser processing technology. The micro-pit diameter was 35μm, 30μm, 25μm, 20μm and non-woven tool on the wear resistance of tool was evaluated. The micro-texture performance was evaluated from tool wear length, width and machined surface roughness. The results show that micro-pore diameter and pit depth increase with increase of laser power. The diameter of the micro-pit has a certain influence on the wear resistance of tool. With decrease of the diameter, the surface roughness of Ti6Al4V alloy is decreasing. When the diameter is less than 25μm, the wear resistance of the tool is weakened and the surface roughness of Ti6Al4V alloy is increasing. Micro-pit texture plays an active role in the friction contact state between blade and chip, adhesion resistance, wear resistance, resistance reduction, storage chip and so on.
{"title":"Study on wear resistance of micro-pits texture on turning surface","authors":"Qianqian Cai, Yiquan Li, Umair Ayub, Zhanjiang Yu, Jinkai Xu, Huadong Yu","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286311","url":null,"abstract":"Cutting tools with surface micro-textures can effectively improve the wear resistance of the tool and improve cutting conditions. The effects of average output power on the morphology and quality of the micro-textures were analyzed by laser processing technology. The micro-pit diameter was 35μm, 30μm, 25μm, 20μm and non-woven tool on the wear resistance of tool was evaluated. The micro-texture performance was evaluated from tool wear length, width and machined surface roughness. The results show that micro-pore diameter and pit depth increase with increase of laser power. The diameter of the micro-pit has a certain influence on the wear resistance of tool. With decrease of the diameter, the surface roughness of Ti6Al4V alloy is decreasing. When the diameter is less than 25μm, the wear resistance of the tool is weakened and the surface roughness of Ti6Al4V alloy is increasing. Micro-pit texture plays an active role in the friction contact state between blade and chip, adhesion resistance, wear resistance, resistance reduction, storage chip and so on.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"64 1","pages":"210-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86464493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286281
S. El-Sheikh, A. Shawky, Sabrin M. Abdo, Thanaa I. El-Dosoqy, Mohamed Nageeb Rashad
Nanokaolinite photocatalyst was successfully prepared from bulk kaolinite by using simple intercalation-delamination method. The obtained nanokaolinite photocatalysts have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The XRD revealed that the layers of bulk kaolinite were exfoliated to form nanokaolinite with crystallite size ∼26–32 nm. FTIR spectra showed the presence of nitrogen species between nanokaolinite layers, which lead to decrease of band gap of as-prepared samples as estimated from DRS. The photocatalytic degradation of P-Nitrophenol (PNP) was investigated using the as-prepared nanokaolinite photocatalysts under UV irradiation. The optimum nanokaolinite sample using urea as intercalating agent shows a complete photodegradation of PNP within 30 minutes. This novel nanokaolinite photocatalyst represents an extraordinary alternate for oxide-based photocatalysts.
{"title":"A novel nanokaolinite photocatalyst for degradation of P-nitrophenol","authors":"S. El-Sheikh, A. Shawky, Sabrin M. Abdo, Thanaa I. El-Dosoqy, Mohamed Nageeb Rashad","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286281","url":null,"abstract":"Nanokaolinite photocatalyst was successfully prepared from bulk kaolinite by using simple intercalation-delamination method. The obtained nanokaolinite photocatalysts have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR analysis, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The XRD revealed that the layers of bulk kaolinite were exfoliated to form nanokaolinite with crystallite size ∼26–32 nm. FTIR spectra showed the presence of nitrogen species between nanokaolinite layers, which lead to decrease of band gap of as-prepared samples as estimated from DRS. The photocatalytic degradation of P-Nitrophenol (PNP) was investigated using the as-prepared nanokaolinite photocatalysts under UV irradiation. The optimum nanokaolinite sample using urea as intercalating agent shows a complete photodegradation of PNP within 30 minutes. This novel nanokaolinite photocatalyst represents an extraordinary alternate for oxide-based photocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"36 1","pages":"367-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81449168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286313
Jinkai Xu, Xuefeng Li, Jingjing Liu, Huadong Yu
The surface roughness of the hydrophobic titanium alloy was obtained by using the electric spark wire cutting (Ti6Al4V) technology. The surface of the titanium alloy was measured and characterized by means of ultra depth of field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement. The pulse width, the number of power transistors (peak current) and feed speed parameters were optimized by orthogonal experiment, and the influence of these parameters on the wettability of Ti6Al4V surface was discussed. The results show that when the pulse width is 32μs, the number of the power tube is 4, the feed rate is 50 μm/s, the contact angle of Ti6Al4V is preferably 142 degrees.
{"title":"Orthogonal experiment on the preparation of hydrophobic Ti6Al4V surface by WEDM","authors":"Jinkai Xu, Xuefeng Li, Jingjing Liu, Huadong Yu","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286313","url":null,"abstract":"The surface roughness of the hydrophobic titanium alloy was obtained by using the electric spark wire cutting (Ti6Al4V) technology. The surface of the titanium alloy was measured and characterized by means of ultra depth of field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement. The pulse width, the number of power transistors (peak current) and feed speed parameters were optimized by orthogonal experiment, and the influence of these parameters on the wettability of Ti6Al4V surface was discussed. The results show that when the pulse width is 32μs, the number of the power tube is 4, the feed rate is 50 μm/s, the contact angle of Ti6Al4V is preferably 142 degrees.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"70 1","pages":"165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79175160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286297
J. Rakebrandt, Y. Zheng, H. Seifert, P. Smyrek, Wilhelm Pfleging
Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) using lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (Li(Nu/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2, NMC-111) as cathode material have already become one of the most important types of mobile power sources due to their high gravimetric and volumetric capacity. Nevertheless, the automotive industry needs batteries with a further improved energy density to develop electric vehicles (EV) with comparable or even higher range than automobiles with ICE (Internal combustion engine). One approach to enhance the energy density is to increase the nickel content of the NMC cathode material. Therefore, NMC-622 cathodes were produced via tape casting containing 80 wt% of active material with a film thickness of 54 μm. The specific capacities were measured using galvanostatic measurements at different charging/discharging currents for cells with structured and unstructured electrodes. An improved lithium-ion diffusion kinetic due to an increased active surface area could be achieved by laser-assisted generation of three-dimensional architectures. Ultrafast laser ablation was used in order to avoid a thermal-induced damage of the active material. It could be shown that laser structuring of electrode material leads to a significant improvement of the electrochemical performance, especially at high charging and discharging currents.
{"title":"Laser micro structuring of composite Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 cathode layersfor lithium-ion batteries","authors":"J. Rakebrandt, Y. Zheng, H. Seifert, P. Smyrek, Wilhelm Pfleging","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286297","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) using lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (Li(Nu/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2, NMC-111) as cathode material have already become one of the most important types of mobile power sources due to their high gravimetric and volumetric capacity. Nevertheless, the automotive industry needs batteries with a further improved energy density to develop electric vehicles (EV) with comparable or even higher range than automobiles with ICE (Internal combustion engine). One approach to enhance the energy density is to increase the nickel content of the NMC cathode material. Therefore, NMC-622 cathodes were produced via tape casting containing 80 wt% of active material with a film thickness of 54 μm. The specific capacities were measured using galvanostatic measurements at different charging/discharging currents for cells with structured and unstructured electrodes. An improved lithium-ion diffusion kinetic due to an increased active surface area could be achieved by laser-assisted generation of three-dimensional architectures. Ultrafast laser ablation was used in order to avoid a thermal-induced damage of the active material. It could be shown that laser structuring of electrode material leads to a significant improvement of the electrochemical performance, especially at high charging and discharging currents.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"39 1","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88201313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surfaces in water would bear hydration repulsion or hydrophobic attraction when separation is small. However, the interaction mechanism of hydrophobic surfaces is still unclear though they are very important when the surfaces are in nanometer separation. With molecular dynamics simulations, the solvation force of water molecules between graphene surfaces of different hydrophobicity is analyzed. Important features of the step-like solvation force oscillatory behavior during the compression within a distance of ∼ 1.5 nm indicate that water is squeezed out layer-by-layer. The hydrophobicity of the graphene surfaces is shown to be an important parameter that influences the solvation force of water molecules. We find that the solvation force decreases when the hydrophobicity of the graphene surfaces increases. Detailed analysis of the water density distributions and the water molecule orientation between graphene surfaces show that changing hydrophobicity would influence the water structure. As the graphene surface becomes more hydrophobic, the water molecules become less ordered and the concentration will also decrease to some extent, which can account for the attenuation of the solvation force.
{"title":"Computational simulations of solvation force of water under different hydrophobic interactions","authors":"Zhongwu Li, Kun Li, Pinyao He, Kabin Lin, Jingjie Sha, Yunfei Chen","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286263","url":null,"abstract":"Surfaces in water would bear hydration repulsion or hydrophobic attraction when separation is small. However, the interaction mechanism of hydrophobic surfaces is still unclear though they are very important when the surfaces are in nanometer separation. With molecular dynamics simulations, the solvation force of water molecules between graphene surfaces of different hydrophobicity is analyzed. Important features of the step-like solvation force oscillatory behavior during the compression within a distance of ∼ 1.5 nm indicate that water is squeezed out layer-by-layer. The hydrophobicity of the graphene surfaces is shown to be an important parameter that influences the solvation force of water molecules. We find that the solvation force decreases when the hydrophobicity of the graphene surfaces increases. Detailed analysis of the water density distributions and the water molecule orientation between graphene surfaces show that changing hydrophobicity would influence the water structure. As the graphene surface becomes more hydrophobic, the water molecules become less ordered and the concentration will also decrease to some extent, which can account for the attenuation of the solvation force.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"81 1","pages":"146-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79362259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286267
Shuai Guo, Xudong Zheng, Yiyu Lin, Wei Ma, Zhong-he Jin
In order to improve the performance of MEMS gyroscopes, the least mean square demodulation (LMSD) algorithm is utilized in MEMS gyroscope control system. By using Matlab tool, the simulation result shows that the LMSD algorithm has better noise suppression performance than multiplicative demodulation (MD). LMSD algorithm is carried out in field-programmed-gate-array (FPGA) and experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation. Combining with automatic gain control (AGC) and phase-locked loop (PLL) technology, the amplitude variance and phase variance of drive mode are respectively 62ppm and 0.001°. The nonlinearity of scale factor based on LMSD algorithm is 0.068%. Moreover, the gyroscope using LMSD exhibits a bias stability (BS) of 1.8°/h and an angle random walk (ARW) of 0.031°/Vh, better than the BS 6.7°/h and ARW 0.114°/Vh using MD. The experiment proves the feasibility and effectiveness of LMSD algorithm in the digital control system of MEMS gyroscope.
{"title":"Design and test of MEMS gyroscope control system based on LMSD","authors":"Shuai Guo, Xudong Zheng, Yiyu Lin, Wei Ma, Zhong-he Jin","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286267","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the performance of MEMS gyroscopes, the least mean square demodulation (LMSD) algorithm is utilized in MEMS gyroscope control system. By using Matlab tool, the simulation result shows that the LMSD algorithm has better noise suppression performance than multiplicative demodulation (MD). LMSD algorithm is carried out in field-programmed-gate-array (FPGA) and experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation. Combining with automatic gain control (AGC) and phase-locked loop (PLL) technology, the amplitude variance and phase variance of drive mode are respectively 62ppm and 0.001°. The nonlinearity of scale factor based on LMSD algorithm is 0.068%. Moreover, the gyroscope using LMSD exhibits a bias stability (BS) of 1.8°/h and an angle random walk (ARW) of 0.031°/Vh, better than the BS 6.7°/h and ARW 0.114°/Vh using MD. The experiment proves the feasibility and effectiveness of LMSD algorithm in the digital control system of MEMS gyroscope.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"301 1","pages":"260-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79728167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286320
Sen Wu, Huitian Bai, Fan Jin
Precise placement of individual nano scale objects is an essential requirement of nanodevices fabrication. Although the recently developed nanomanipulation technology based on Atomic force microscope (AFM) has realized automatic movement of rigid nanoparticles, it was not applicable to nanowires due to the complicated behaviors of flexible one-dimensional material. To improve the efficiency of nanowires manipulation, this work proposes a highly automated manipulation method. The new method allows automatic sample identification and manipulating vectors generation. Image processing techniques such as edge detection, filling and skeleton extraction are performed to identify the nanowires from the AFM images. Once a target position is assigned for the selected nanowire, a series of parallel pushing vectors (PPVs) are generated according to the translation and rotation strategies, which are simulated and optimized using the finite element method. Then the PPVs are continuously executed to transfer the nanowire to the target and make it in a straight shape. For multiple nanowires manipulation, a graph theory method is proposed to sort the movements of the objects. Because no intermediate scanning is needed, the time consumption of complex manipulation is greatly reduced. Experiments are carried out to verify the efficiency of the new method. The translating-rotating combined manipulation of a single silver nanowire proves the high accuracy of the proposed strategies. The successful assembly of two patterns, which are respectively formed by 12 carbon nanofibers and 50 silver nanowires, implies the reliability of the manipulation. Since the present method doesn't require additional hardware, it can be easily integrated to common AFMs.
{"title":"Automated manipulation of flexible nanowires with an atomic force microscope","authors":"Sen Wu, Huitian Bai, Fan Jin","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286320","url":null,"abstract":"Precise placement of individual nano scale objects is an essential requirement of nanodevices fabrication. Although the recently developed nanomanipulation technology based on Atomic force microscope (AFM) has realized automatic movement of rigid nanoparticles, it was not applicable to nanowires due to the complicated behaviors of flexible one-dimensional material. To improve the efficiency of nanowires manipulation, this work proposes a highly automated manipulation method. The new method allows automatic sample identification and manipulating vectors generation. Image processing techniques such as edge detection, filling and skeleton extraction are performed to identify the nanowires from the AFM images. Once a target position is assigned for the selected nanowire, a series of parallel pushing vectors (PPVs) are generated according to the translation and rotation strategies, which are simulated and optimized using the finite element method. Then the PPVs are continuously executed to transfer the nanowire to the target and make it in a straight shape. For multiple nanowires manipulation, a graph theory method is proposed to sort the movements of the objects. Because no intermediate scanning is needed, the time consumption of complex manipulation is greatly reduced. Experiments are carried out to verify the efficiency of the new method. The translating-rotating combined manipulation of a single silver nanowire proves the high accuracy of the proposed strategies. The successful assembly of two patterns, which are respectively formed by 12 carbon nanofibers and 50 silver nanowires, implies the reliability of the manipulation. Since the present method doesn't require additional hardware, it can be easily integrated to common AFMs.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"19 1","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81729433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286264
Zhenzhen Xu, L. Kong
Increasing research attentions have been paid to the bionic structures and functional materials in recent years. In order to gain the insights into functional micro/nano-structures and hence form the theoretical basis for design and fabrication of such micro/nano-structural surfaces, this paper conducts a preliminary research study on functional micro/nano structural surfaces. A short review is firstly undertaken for the existing functional micro/nano structures in bionics, and then an analytical model for the Nepenthes Alata's peristome surface is proposed, as an example, which is applicable for production by ultra-precision machining technology. In the short review, existing functional structural surfaces are classified into three categories: structural surfaces with anti-adhesive properties, environmental adaptability structural surfaces, and biological structures with other specific functions. Research work for the above three categories are reviewed: (a) The structural surface with anti-adhesive properties. Super-hydrophobic self-cleaning surface inspired by lotus effect, low friction surface inspired by shark skin, as examples, are introduced and explained. Such structural surfaces have wide and promising applications in the fields of transportation, self-cleaning materials, biomedicine and so on. This has gained intensive interest from research and industry; (b) Environmental adaptability structural surface. The formation mechanism and its application of biological colors with broad military application prospects are reviewed and introduced; (c) Biological structure with specific functions. The latest research progress of insect compound eyes, desert beetle back surface, spider silk, peristome surface of Nepenthes alata and other structures are reviewed in this part. After that, the mechanism of unidirectional liquid spreading without extra energy input on the peristome surface of Nepenthes alata was further investigated, and the structures are also designed to improve the functions based on the existing research which is on the structures of the Nepenthes with one of the typical structures having the function of directional transport without extra power supply. Furthermore, a bionic design model was proposed and the model parameters were analyzed and optimized to achieve better functional performance. Future study for functional micro/nano structural surfaces is also suggested in the end of the paper.
{"title":"A study of functional micro/nano structural surfaces in bionic applications","authors":"Zhenzhen Xu, L. Kong","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286264","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing research attentions have been paid to the bionic structures and functional materials in recent years. In order to gain the insights into functional micro/nano-structures and hence form the theoretical basis for design and fabrication of such micro/nano-structural surfaces, this paper conducts a preliminary research study on functional micro/nano structural surfaces. A short review is firstly undertaken for the existing functional micro/nano structures in bionics, and then an analytical model for the Nepenthes Alata's peristome surface is proposed, as an example, which is applicable for production by ultra-precision machining technology. In the short review, existing functional structural surfaces are classified into three categories: structural surfaces with anti-adhesive properties, environmental adaptability structural surfaces, and biological structures with other specific functions. Research work for the above three categories are reviewed: (a) The structural surface with anti-adhesive properties. Super-hydrophobic self-cleaning surface inspired by lotus effect, low friction surface inspired by shark skin, as examples, are introduced and explained. Such structural surfaces have wide and promising applications in the fields of transportation, self-cleaning materials, biomedicine and so on. This has gained intensive interest from research and industry; (b) Environmental adaptability structural surface. The formation mechanism and its application of biological colors with broad military application prospects are reviewed and introduced; (c) Biological structure with specific functions. The latest research progress of insect compound eyes, desert beetle back surface, spider silk, peristome surface of Nepenthes alata and other structures are reviewed in this part. After that, the mechanism of unidirectional liquid spreading without extra energy input on the peristome surface of Nepenthes alata was further investigated, and the structures are also designed to improve the functions based on the existing research which is on the structures of the Nepenthes with one of the typical structures having the function of directional transport without extra power supply. Furthermore, a bionic design model was proposed and the model parameters were analyzed and optimized to achieve better functional performance. Future study for functional micro/nano structural surfaces is also suggested in the end of the paper.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"206-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86378327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-01DOI: 10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286276
Dalia Mahdy, Abdallah Mohamed, A. Klingner, Ashraf Tammam, A. Wahdan, M. Serry, I. Khalil
This work in vestigates the locomotion of helical robots in a low Reynolds number environment with two different rheological properties. We study the swimming characteristics of the robot during its transition from a Newtonian fluid to a viscoelastic environment. Our experimental results show that the helical robot causes shear thinning in gelatin with intermediate concentration. Therefore, its speed in gelatin is greater than that in silicone oil. The helical robot swims at maximum speed of 0.36 mm/s in silicone oil with viscosity of 5 Pa.s, and 0.22 mm/s, 0.71 mm/s, and 0.94 mm/s in gelatin with concentration of 2%, 3% and 4%, respectively, under the influence of two rotating dipole fields.
{"title":"Experimental characterization of helical propulsion in Newtonian and viscoelastic mediums","authors":"Dalia Mahdy, Abdallah Mohamed, A. Klingner, Ashraf Tammam, A. Wahdan, M. Serry, I. Khalil","doi":"10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2017.8286276","url":null,"abstract":"This work in vestigates the locomotion of helical robots in a low Reynolds number environment with two different rheological properties. We study the swimming characteristics of the robot during its transition from a Newtonian fluid to a viscoelastic environment. Our experimental results show that the helical robot causes shear thinning in gelatin with intermediate concentration. Therefore, its speed in gelatin is greater than that in silicone oil. The helical robot swims at maximum speed of 0.36 mm/s in silicone oil with viscosity of 5 Pa.s, and 0.22 mm/s, 0.71 mm/s, and 0.94 mm/s in gelatin with concentration of 2%, 3% and 4%, respectively, under the influence of two rotating dipole fields.","PeriodicalId":6582,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO)","volume":"46 1","pages":"311-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91475084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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