Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991229
Zama Goqo, S. Sewchurran, I. Davidson, O. Ojo
Rising energy costs, growing public concern about environmental impacts of fossil fuel energy generating resources and energy constraints of utilities across the globe have increased the relevance and need for alternative renewable energy resources at the customers point of use. In South Africa, there is a strong interest from electricity suppliers and customers in rooftop photovoltaic systems connection onto the electricity grid, in contrast to utilization of expensive conventional energy storage devices. Specifically, small scale projects are being planned for the near future at municipal level. However, there are known technical issues associated with large-scale connection of rooftop PV systems in low voltage distribution networks and need to be studied in detail and addressed prior commission. This paper presents results of a technical investigation of interconnection of residential rooftop PV systems on an existing low voltage distribution network, implemented in DIgSILENT PowerFactory, representing a housing estate development at eThekwini Electricity.
{"title":"An assessment of voltage rise phenomenon on existing eThekwini Electricity low-voltage distribution network","authors":"Zama Goqo, S. Sewchurran, I. Davidson, O. Ojo","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991229","url":null,"abstract":"Rising energy costs, growing public concern about environmental impacts of fossil fuel energy generating resources and energy constraints of utilities across the globe have increased the relevance and need for alternative renewable energy resources at the customers point of use. In South Africa, there is a strong interest from electricity suppliers and customers in rooftop photovoltaic systems connection onto the electricity grid, in contrast to utilization of expensive conventional energy storage devices. Specifically, small scale projects are being planned for the near future at municipal level. However, there are known technical issues associated with large-scale connection of rooftop PV systems in low voltage distribution networks and need to be studied in detail and addressed prior commission. This paper presents results of a technical investigation of interconnection of residential rooftop PV systems on an existing low voltage distribution network, implemented in DIgSILENT PowerFactory, representing a housing estate development at eThekwini Electricity.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"36 1","pages":"231-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79375319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991196
Ali Hassan, Y. Hamam
Distributed renewable power generation is a way to advancing affordable clean energy to remote locations far from the grid system. Solar energy is abundant everywhere across Africa hence socioeconomic life could be better with simple dispatchable distributed power infrastructure using cheaper, less complex DC systems and devices. People need to be empowered to reduce poverty, stop rural to urban migration and afford basic power. Cheaper optional DC powered domestic devices could be made available by manufacturers. Expensive power inversion (inverters) and transmission systems are unnecessary in this case. High-tech qualified professionals are not required for installations and operations of simple solar PV systems. Solar PV is straightforwardly dispatchable using DC devices.
{"title":"Providing electricity to remote communities with DC powered devices using solar PV systems","authors":"Ali Hassan, Y. Hamam","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991196","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed renewable power generation is a way to advancing affordable clean energy to remote locations far from the grid system. Solar energy is abundant everywhere across Africa hence socioeconomic life could be better with simple dispatchable distributed power infrastructure using cheaper, less complex DC systems and devices. People need to be empowered to reduce poverty, stop rural to urban migration and afford basic power. Cheaper optional DC powered domestic devices could be made available by manufacturers. Expensive power inversion (inverters) and transmission systems are unnecessary in this case. High-tech qualified professionals are not required for installations and operations of simple solar PV systems. Solar PV is straightforwardly dispatchable using DC devices.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"15 1","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73591385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991224
V. Vermeulen, J. Strauss, H. Vermeulen
This paper presents the results of an optimisation analysis aimed at exploring the geographical allocation of solar PV generation capacity in the context of grid support considerations such as average daily yield and variability, with particular focus on the full year scenario compared to the high demand season. All problem cases were evaluated using a combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and pattern search techniques implemented via MATLAB's Global Optimization Toolbox. A hybrid pattern search method incorporating a GA search step produced the best overall solution quality, but could benefit from parameter adjustment to improve its solution consistency. The optimal allocations found for all objective functions are generally distinctly different for the full year scenario and the high demand season, indicating potential advantages in applying a seasonally variable feed-in tariff for solar PV generation. Meanwhile the objectives of daily energy maximisation and variability minimisation were found to produce contrasting results.
{"title":"Optimisation of the allocation of solar PV generation capacity using grid support objectives","authors":"V. Vermeulen, J. Strauss, H. Vermeulen","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991224","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of an optimisation analysis aimed at exploring the geographical allocation of solar PV generation capacity in the context of grid support considerations such as average daily yield and variability, with particular focus on the full year scenario compared to the high demand season. All problem cases were evaluated using a combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and pattern search techniques implemented via MATLAB's Global Optimization Toolbox. A hybrid pattern search method incorporating a GA search step produced the best overall solution quality, but could benefit from parameter adjustment to improve its solution consistency. The optimal allocations found for all objective functions are generally distinctly different for the full year scenario and the high demand season, indicating potential advantages in applying a seasonally variable feed-in tariff for solar PV generation. Meanwhile the objectives of daily energy maximisation and variability minimisation were found to produce contrasting results.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"67 1","pages":"202-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80325418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991249
C. Twumasi, K. A. Dotche, W. Banuenumah, F. Sekyere
The work gives a report about the design of an energy saving system using a Passive Infrared Radio sensor to switch ‘off fan and light circuits in the classroom in the absence of students. When a student enters the classroom, the Infrared energy emitted from the living body is focused by the Fresnel lens segment and the PIR sensors activate and give to the microcontroller which acts as power saving device according to the relay. When motion is detected the relays trigger and switch the fan and light ‘on’ and after ten minutes to switch ‘off the fan and light when motion has not been detected. The fan only switches ‘on’ when the room attains a temperature of 25°C–30°C.
{"title":"Energy saving system using a PIR sensor for classroom monitoring","authors":"C. Twumasi, K. A. Dotche, W. Banuenumah, F. Sekyere","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991249","url":null,"abstract":"The work gives a report about the design of an energy saving system using a Passive Infrared Radio sensor to switch ‘off fan and light circuits in the classroom in the absence of students. When a student enters the classroom, the Infrared energy emitted from the living body is focused by the Fresnel lens segment and the PIR sensors activate and give to the microcontroller which acts as power saving device according to the relay. When motion is detected the relays trigger and switch the fan and light ‘on’ and after ten minutes to switch ‘off the fan and light when motion has not been detected. The fan only switches ‘on’ when the room attains a temperature of 25°C–30°C.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"29 1","pages":"347-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81614875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991231
Olasupo O. Ajayi, Sola E. Edagbami, Victor Odumuyiwa, C. Uwadia
Intelligent building energy management systems or smart building are gaining increasing attention amongst researchers and the society at large. There is an ever growing clamor for energy conservation both with a view of reducing carbon footprint and conserving natural resources. Recent reports have shown that buildings account for a large percentage of energy consumed in any given society; therefore managing power usage within buildings would go a long way in solving energy conservation challenges. Intelligent or smart building energy management systems have thus emanated in recent years as a potential answer. In this paper, a conceptual framework for the management of energy consumption within a building is presented. A department within a University is used as a case study and analytical simulations are done using the proposed framework which is based on lecture schedules. Obtained results show that if deployed, the proposed framework can result in energy savings of up to 25% daily.
{"title":"A conceptual framework for a campus power management system based on lecture schedules","authors":"Olasupo O. Ajayi, Sola E. Edagbami, Victor Odumuyiwa, C. Uwadia","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991231","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent building energy management systems or smart building are gaining increasing attention amongst researchers and the society at large. There is an ever growing clamor for energy conservation both with a view of reducing carbon footprint and conserving natural resources. Recent reports have shown that buildings account for a large percentage of energy consumed in any given society; therefore managing power usage within buildings would go a long way in solving energy conservation challenges. Intelligent or smart building energy management systems have thus emanated in recent years as a potential answer. In this paper, a conceptual framework for the management of energy consumption within a building is presented. A department within a University is used as a case study and analytical simulations are done using the proposed framework which is based on lecture schedules. Obtained results show that if deployed, the proposed framework can result in energy savings of up to 25% daily.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"5 1","pages":"242-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85844693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991253
P. B. Ngancha, K. Kusakana, E. Markus
This paper presents an overview of various methods used to minimize the fluctuating impacts of power generated from renewable energy sources. Several sources are considered in the study (biomass, wind, solar, hydro and geothermal). Different control methods applied to their control are cited, alongside some previous applications. Hence, it further elaborates on the adoptive control principles, of which includes; Load ballast control, dummy load control, proportional integral and derivative (PID) control, proportional integral (PI) control, pulse-width modulation (PWM) control, buck converter control, boost converter control, pitch angle control, valve control, the rate of river flow at turbine, bidirectional diffuser-augmented control and differential flatness-based controller. These control operations in renewable energy power generation are mainly based on a steady-state linear control approach. However, the flatness based control principle has the ability to resolve the complex control problem of renewable energy systems while exploiting their linear properties. Using their flatness properties, feedback control is easily achieved which allows for optimal/steady output of the system components. This review paper highlights the benefits that range from better control techniques for renewable energy systems to established robust grid (or standalone generations) connections that can bring immense benefits to their operation and maintenance costs.
{"title":"A survey of differential flatness-based control applied to renewable energy sources","authors":"P. B. Ngancha, K. Kusakana, E. Markus","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991253","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an overview of various methods used to minimize the fluctuating impacts of power generated from renewable energy sources. Several sources are considered in the study (biomass, wind, solar, hydro and geothermal). Different control methods applied to their control are cited, alongside some previous applications. Hence, it further elaborates on the adoptive control principles, of which includes; Load ballast control, dummy load control, proportional integral and derivative (PID) control, proportional integral (PI) control, pulse-width modulation (PWM) control, buck converter control, boost converter control, pitch angle control, valve control, the rate of river flow at turbine, bidirectional diffuser-augmented control and differential flatness-based controller. These control operations in renewable energy power generation are mainly based on a steady-state linear control approach. However, the flatness based control principle has the ability to resolve the complex control problem of renewable energy systems while exploiting their linear properties. Using their flatness properties, feedback control is easily achieved which allows for optimal/steady output of the system components. This review paper highlights the benefits that range from better control techniques for renewable energy systems to established robust grid (or standalone generations) connections that can bring immense benefits to their operation and maintenance costs.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"223 1","pages":"371-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89125646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991256
Ekow Appiah Kwofie, Godfred Mensah, E. K. Anto
A number of studies have shown that better DG PV integration impacts, on the network are obtained when the DG PV are operated at lower power factors. However, at lower power factors, losses tend to increase, whilst voltage improvement is rather realized in the sub — transmission network. In this study, with the help of the CYME distribution software, the optimal impacts of varying the DG PV power factors on the ECG 33 kV sub — transmission network voltages and losses, are studied. The study revealed that as power factors at which DG PV is operated are reduced, bus voltages generally increase. However, losses rather tend to follow a U-shape trajectory. The minimum loss recorded in the sub-transmission network was 1.032 %, representing a 6.522 % reduction over the base case scenario value of 1.104 %. The corresponding optimal power factor of the DG PV was found to be 0.97.
{"title":"Determination of the optimal power factor at which DG PV should be operated","authors":"Ekow Appiah Kwofie, Godfred Mensah, E. K. Anto","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991256","url":null,"abstract":"A number of studies have shown that better DG PV integration impacts, on the network are obtained when the DG PV are operated at lower power factors. However, at lower power factors, losses tend to increase, whilst voltage improvement is rather realized in the sub — transmission network. In this study, with the help of the CYME distribution software, the optimal impacts of varying the DG PV power factors on the ECG 33 kV sub — transmission network voltages and losses, are studied. The study revealed that as power factors at which DG PV is operated are reduced, bus voltages generally increase. However, losses rather tend to follow a U-shape trajectory. The minimum loss recorded in the sub-transmission network was 1.032 %, representing a 6.522 % reduction over the base case scenario value of 1.104 %. The corresponding optimal power factor of the DG PV was found to be 0.97.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"175 1","pages":"391-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74994061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991282
Ibrahim Adaji, A. G. Raji, J. Tsado
Study on use of UFLS scheme in the prevention of voltage collapse on Nigerian 330 kV network. The network was modelled using PSS/E. Three simulation cases were considered: case one determined the network convergence status, case two considered AC contingency study to see the network weak points and case three dealt with the situation of voltage collapse as occurred on the grid on 27th May, 2013 and the effect of using UFLS scheme on the network to prevent the collapse. The results obtained showed that the network frequency declined to 49.2 Hz and the voltages at the various buses without UFLS relays fell below 0.8 pu while with the use of UFLS scheme, the network was stable after shedding 15% of the load at each load bus, this was reflected on the bus voltage magnitudes which rose above 0.9 pu and the network frequency was restored to 50 Hz.
{"title":"Prevention of voltage collapse on the Nigerian 330 kV grid network using under-frequency load shedding scheme","authors":"Ibrahim Adaji, A. G. Raji, J. Tsado","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991282","url":null,"abstract":"Study on use of UFLS scheme in the prevention of voltage collapse on Nigerian 330 kV network. The network was modelled using PSS/E. Three simulation cases were considered: case one determined the network convergence status, case two considered AC contingency study to see the network weak points and case three dealt with the situation of voltage collapse as occurred on the grid on 27th May, 2013 and the effect of using UFLS scheme on the network to prevent the collapse. The results obtained showed that the network frequency declined to 49.2 Hz and the voltages at the various buses without UFLS relays fell below 0.8 pu while with the use of UFLS scheme, the network was stable after shedding 15% of the load at each load bus, this was reflected on the bus voltage magnitudes which rose above 0.9 pu and the network frequency was restored to 50 Hz.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"20 1","pages":"533-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82353931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991259
S. Zimba, Michal Chudy, F. Janiček
Cross-border energy trading is one way of optimizing energy resources in interconnected electric power grids. Energy interchange is scheduled between electric power utilities through bilateral agreements or competitive electricity markets. Normally financial settlement of energy interchange is done based on agreed schedules, and not on actual metered energy. Yet, in a typical hour of delivery, a difference occurs between the agreed schedule and the actual metered energy. This difference is referred to as imbalance energy. If not properly managed, imbalance energy exposes electric power utilities to considerable technical and commercial risks. The objective of this study is to clarify relation between imbalance energy and other variables using long term quantitative data from operation of Southern African Power Pool (SAPP). Quantitative data from official archives such as Area Control Error and Frequency deviation are presented in this study. Although relation between these variables is theoretically well defined, each balancing authority is using slightly different regulations. This study shows operation of SAPP by analyzing statistic data covering 3.5 years.
{"title":"Imbalance energy in Southern African power pool","authors":"S. Zimba, Michal Chudy, F. Janiček","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991259","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-border energy trading is one way of optimizing energy resources in interconnected electric power grids. Energy interchange is scheduled between electric power utilities through bilateral agreements or competitive electricity markets. Normally financial settlement of energy interchange is done based on agreed schedules, and not on actual metered energy. Yet, in a typical hour of delivery, a difference occurs between the agreed schedule and the actual metered energy. This difference is referred to as imbalance energy. If not properly managed, imbalance energy exposes electric power utilities to considerable technical and commercial risks. The objective of this study is to clarify relation between imbalance energy and other variables using long term quantitative data from operation of Southern African Power Pool (SAPP). Quantitative data from official archives such as Area Control Error and Frequency deviation are presented in this study. Although relation between these variables is theoretically well defined, each balancing authority is using slightly different regulations. This study shows operation of SAPP by analyzing statistic data covering 3.5 years.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"70 1","pages":"407-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76456213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991262
Alexander A. Anderson, S. Suryanarayanan, R. Podmore
An algorithm is developed for optimization of photovoltaic and energy storage capacity of small community microgrids for rural electrification without diesel or other thermal backup. The developed algorithm is applied to a case study of the Madan Community in Jiwaka Province, Papua New Guinea. A series of community microgrids are being installed to provide electricity, high speed intranet, and digital education in community centers, schools, and homes. The optimization results will be used to create a set of standardized designs based on the IEEE Smart Village microgrid topology for electrification of communities throughout Jiwaka Province.
{"title":"Capacity optimization of a community microgrid for rural electrification","authors":"Alexander A. Anderson, S. Suryanarayanan, R. Podmore","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991262","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm is developed for optimization of photovoltaic and energy storage capacity of small community microgrids for rural electrification without diesel or other thermal backup. The developed algorithm is applied to a case study of the Madan Community in Jiwaka Province, Papua New Guinea. A series of community microgrids are being installed to provide electricity, high speed intranet, and digital education in community centers, schools, and homes. The optimization results will be used to create a set of standardized designs based on the IEEE Smart Village microgrid topology for electrification of communities throughout Jiwaka Province.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"5 1","pages":"423-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75624839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}