Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991280
L. A. Mtungwa, P. Dongbaare, S. Daniel Chowdhury
The City of Johannesburg in South Africa has a challenge of moving bulk components (solids) all around the mines, making life easier for the separation of waste products and good products. This paper covers the basic component unit called a Mixed Current Vibration Feeder (MCVF) and discusses the controller used to run such feeders depending on the type of feeder used. Most feeders are used in mines and vary in size (rating) according to the maximum current the feeder can draw. Therefore, this paper seeks to look at a feeder as a whole and a way of controlling its speed depending on the amount of load to be moved at that particular time. Further, it determines if the very same controller would be durable for other types of load (material). In this paper, the design of the feeder controller is presented, calculations made, built, tested and validated.
{"title":"Seventy amp mixed current control unit","authors":"L. A. Mtungwa, P. Dongbaare, S. Daniel Chowdhury","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991280","url":null,"abstract":"The City of Johannesburg in South Africa has a challenge of moving bulk components (solids) all around the mines, making life easier for the separation of waste products and good products. This paper covers the basic component unit called a Mixed Current Vibration Feeder (MCVF) and discusses the controller used to run such feeders depending on the type of feeder used. Most feeders are used in mines and vary in size (rating) according to the maximum current the feeder can draw. Therefore, this paper seeks to look at a feeder as a whole and a way of controlling its speed depending on the amount of load to be moved at that particular time. Further, it determines if the very same controller would be durable for other types of load (material). In this paper, the design of the feeder controller is presented, calculations made, built, tested and validated.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"10 1","pages":"523-527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81953377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991255
L. Mbele, K. Kusakana
This paper conducted a review of relevant literature on energy recovery in water supply systems, stressing key elements such as system operation, design, application of and previous studies of energy recovery in water supply systems. The methodology comprised a discussion on the operation of the conduit hydropower system, the possible designs of the system and the implementation of the system within the municipal water supplies and some relevant research on energy recovery systems in water supplies. Results show that economic feasibility is dependent to a variety of factors. Smaller turbines reduce the cost of electricity, but disadvantage energy recovery potential. Even though there are encounters, energy recovery turbines justify serious considerations for application to some water supply systems. They prove to be flexible, economical and renewable option for managing pressure.
{"title":"Overview of conduit hydropower in South Africa: Status and applications","authors":"L. Mbele, K. Kusakana","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991255","url":null,"abstract":"This paper conducted a review of relevant literature on energy recovery in water supply systems, stressing key elements such as system operation, design, application of and previous studies of energy recovery in water supply systems. The methodology comprised a discussion on the operation of the conduit hydropower system, the possible designs of the system and the implementation of the system within the municipal water supplies and some relevant research on energy recovery systems in water supplies. Results show that economic feasibility is dependent to a variety of factors. Smaller turbines reduce the cost of electricity, but disadvantage energy recovery potential. Even though there are encounters, energy recovery turbines justify serious considerations for application to some water supply systems. They prove to be flexible, economical and renewable option for managing pressure.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"44 1","pages":"385-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75455574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991210
N. Rampersadh, I. Davidson
The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into Energy storage devices which will transform the way the world utilises, controls and dispatches electrical energy in the near future. With the increasing amount of renewable energy being injected into transmission and distribution grids and the rapid uptake of rooftop solar photo-voltaic installations in households, energy storage is unlocking a new market in renewable energy and enabling new opportunity. Government subsidies are incentivising consumers to invest heavily in new and emerging renewable technologies. This trend is expected to overflow into the electricity transmission and distribution arena in the form of Grid-Scale Battery Storage; in the pursuit of greater flexibility, control and utilization of electrical power. Energy storage has been in use for many years with the most common being pump storage hydroelectricity. Emerging technologies making headlines and gaining momentum on the transmission and distribution electricity grids are large-scale battery storage, flywheels, compressed air and hydrogen. The introduction and application of cost effective grid-scale battery storage will be a game-changer for the distribution and control of electrical energy.
{"title":"Grid energy storage devices","authors":"N. Rampersadh, I. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991210","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into Energy storage devices which will transform the way the world utilises, controls and dispatches electrical energy in the near future. With the increasing amount of renewable energy being injected into transmission and distribution grids and the rapid uptake of rooftop solar photo-voltaic installations in households, energy storage is unlocking a new market in renewable energy and enabling new opportunity. Government subsidies are incentivising consumers to invest heavily in new and emerging renewable technologies. This trend is expected to overflow into the electricity transmission and distribution arena in the form of Grid-Scale Battery Storage; in the pursuit of greater flexibility, control and utilization of electrical power. Energy storage has been in use for many years with the most common being pump storage hydroelectricity. Emerging technologies making headlines and gaining momentum on the transmission and distribution electricity grids are large-scale battery storage, flywheels, compressed air and hydrogen. The introduction and application of cost effective grid-scale battery storage will be a game-changer for the distribution and control of electrical energy.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"108 1","pages":"121-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75943887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991294
J. Thornburg, B. Krogh
This paper considers the simulation of microgrids with smart meters that make it possible to control the demand at individual consumer buildings. To create effective system-level models for simulation studies of energy management strategies, probability distributions for the aggregate demand of all system loads are computed from probability distributions for the individual loads of each consumer. These models of the aggregate load behavior are then used in a simulation model that includes the generation and storage components of the system to perform Monte Carlo simulation studies. The paper describes the design of components in a Simulink model of the microgrid system. It then presents the results of a case study for a typical application, a microgrid in rural East Africa. The case study demonstrates how smart meters able to control residential demand make it possible to reduce the occurrence and duration of power cuts when the total system demand exceeds the total available power from generators. The average amount of power from renewable vs. non-renewable sources is also computed. The concluding section identifies several directions for future research.
{"title":"Simulating energy management strategies for microgrids with smart meter demand management","authors":"J. Thornburg, B. Krogh","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991294","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the simulation of microgrids with smart meters that make it possible to control the demand at individual consumer buildings. To create effective system-level models for simulation studies of energy management strategies, probability distributions for the aggregate demand of all system loads are computed from probability distributions for the individual loads of each consumer. These models of the aggregate load behavior are then used in a simulation model that includes the generation and storage components of the system to perform Monte Carlo simulation studies. The paper describes the design of components in a Simulink model of the microgrid system. It then presents the results of a case study for a typical application, a microgrid in rural East Africa. The case study demonstrates how smart meters able to control residential demand make it possible to reduce the occurrence and duration of power cuts when the total system demand exceeds the total available power from generators. The average amount of power from renewable vs. non-renewable sources is also computed. The concluding section identifies several directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"16 1","pages":"600-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72985711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991239
J. Essandoh-Yeddu
Ghana in the mid-1990s launched a long-term development plan to transforms its low-income country status into an upper middle-income economy by 2020. The plan envisaged accelerating the average annual real GDP growth of about 4.4% in the 1990s to around 8.3% per annum by 2020. The sustainability of the energy required by the economic transformation was investigated by Energy Commission which in 2006 released Ghana's first long term energy plan called Strategic National Energy Plan (SNEP) to propel the long term economic growth vision. The SNEP2006-2020 has been updated to 2016–2030 following among other factors the debasing of the country's economy from 1993 to 2006. Electricity demand is projected to increase at an average annual growth rate of 6.57.7% from about 16,500 GWh in 2016 to 40,000–52,000 GWh in 2030, the global SE4ALL target-year, depending upon the performance of the economy. The sectoral demands have also been investigated.
{"title":"Electricity demand scenarios for Ghana's long term development plans","authors":"J. Essandoh-Yeddu","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991239","url":null,"abstract":"Ghana in the mid-1990s launched a long-term development plan to transforms its low-income country status into an upper middle-income economy by 2020. The plan envisaged accelerating the average annual real GDP growth of about 4.4% in the 1990s to around 8.3% per annum by 2020. The sustainability of the energy required by the economic transformation was investigated by Energy Commission which in 2006 released Ghana's first long term energy plan called Strategic National Energy Plan (SNEP) to propel the long term economic growth vision. The SNEP2006-2020 has been updated to 2016–2030 following among other factors the debasing of the country's economy from 1993 to 2006. Electricity demand is projected to increase at an average annual growth rate of 6.57.7% from about 16,500 GWh in 2016 to 40,000–52,000 GWh in 2030, the global SE4ALL target-year, depending upon the performance of the economy. The sectoral demands have also been investigated.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"19 1","pages":"291-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73872847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991228
M. Aliyu, N. Amin
CdTe-based thin film solar cells have shown strong potentials as viable thin film solar cells for the future, due to several attractive material properties. Its direct bandgap, strong absorption coefficient, ease and multiple deposition methods have favored this material in solar cell research and manufacturing. However, the quality of these thin films, depend on the method and process of fabrication. Among the important issues considered for cheaper and more efficient solar cells is the deposition temperature. In this work, CdTe thin films were deposited on glass using RF magnetron sputtering at various temperatures and their structural, optical and electrical characteristics analyzed using SEM, AFM, XRD, and UV-Vis. Results show that grains sizes are not significantly affected for films deposited at 350oC and below. At 400oC however, the grains show remarkable increase in size, while crystallinity is increased with higher deposition temperature. The energy bandgap show gradual increase with temperature, ranging from 1.43–1.54 eV. Overall, this work show that higher deposition temperature is desirable in the fabrication of good quality CdTe films for solar cell applications.
{"title":"Influence of deposition temperature in the fabrication of CdTe thin films using RF magnetron sputtering","authors":"M. Aliyu, N. Amin","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991228","url":null,"abstract":"CdTe-based thin film solar cells have shown strong potentials as viable thin film solar cells for the future, due to several attractive material properties. Its direct bandgap, strong absorption coefficient, ease and multiple deposition methods have favored this material in solar cell research and manufacturing. However, the quality of these thin films, depend on the method and process of fabrication. Among the important issues considered for cheaper and more efficient solar cells is the deposition temperature. In this work, CdTe thin films were deposited on glass using RF magnetron sputtering at various temperatures and their structural, optical and electrical characteristics analyzed using SEM, AFM, XRD, and UV-Vis. Results show that grains sizes are not significantly affected for films deposited at 350oC and below. At 400oC however, the grains show remarkable increase in size, while crystallinity is increased with higher deposition temperature. The energy bandgap show gradual increase with temperature, ranging from 1.43–1.54 eV. Overall, this work show that higher deposition temperature is desirable in the fabrication of good quality CdTe films for solar cell applications.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"43 1","pages":"227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74035900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991284
M. Petit, Mohamedou Macire, Paul Codani, Francis Roy, M. Maaroufi
Africa is on the way of a long term development to give access to energy to all citizens wherever they live, either in urban or rural areas. The energy access is mandatory to accelerate the economic growth. Besides, African citizens also require a better access to mobility, both individual or collective. African countries also encourage initiatives for clean electricity generation and clean mobility. Thus, considering the innovative smart grids solutions that are already proposed or will be proposed in the future, electric mobility means could bring distributed energy storage capacities to the electrical grids. This could mainly be true in the case of islanding areas were photovoltaic generation will likely deliver the main part of electrical energy. The present paper aims at promoting the idea of a coupled approach for energy and mobility developments considering the storage capacities of electric vehicles or electric motorcycles.
{"title":"Electrical energy and mobility issues in Africa: Which complementarities?","authors":"M. Petit, Mohamedou Macire, Paul Codani, Francis Roy, M. Maaroufi","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991284","url":null,"abstract":"Africa is on the way of a long term development to give access to energy to all citizens wherever they live, either in urban or rural areas. The energy access is mandatory to accelerate the economic growth. Besides, African citizens also require a better access to mobility, both individual or collective. African countries also encourage initiatives for clean electricity generation and clean mobility. Thus, considering the innovative smart grids solutions that are already proposed or will be proposed in the future, electric mobility means could bring distributed energy storage capacities to the electrical grids. This could mainly be true in the case of islanding areas were photovoltaic generation will likely deliver the main part of electrical energy. The present paper aims at promoting the idea of a coupled approach for energy and mobility developments considering the storage capacities of electric vehicles or electric motorcycles.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"46 1","pages":"544-549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79512725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991270
Daud Mustafa Minhas, Raja Rehan Khalid, Georg Frey
In this paper, an evaluation theory of hybrid model for short-term electricity load forecasting is presented using simple soft-technique of predicting data. A model that integrates fuzzy system with neural network database is demonstrated and eventually compared with a traditional statistical method of linear regression. Power load forecasting errors especially for weekends, which is much higher than that of weekdays, is reduced using the probabilistic and stochastic natured Hybrid Adaptive Fuzzy Neural System (HAFNS) method. Neural network database uses temperature and power loads as predictors to train the data sets and then use fuzzy system to develop membership functions, forecasting future power load demands for subsequent hours. HAFNS model is made using power load and temperature data of 2015. The training and testing set of HAFNS is composed of yearly data, which may be decomposed on monthly, daily and hourly basis for comparison. The simulation results of the forecasted data including error distribution graphs are demonstrated.
{"title":"Short term load forecasting using hybrid adaptive fuzzy neural system: The performance evaluation","authors":"Daud Mustafa Minhas, Raja Rehan Khalid, Georg Frey","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991270","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an evaluation theory of hybrid model for short-term electricity load forecasting is presented using simple soft-technique of predicting data. A model that integrates fuzzy system with neural network database is demonstrated and eventually compared with a traditional statistical method of linear regression. Power load forecasting errors especially for weekends, which is much higher than that of weekdays, is reduced using the probabilistic and stochastic natured Hybrid Adaptive Fuzzy Neural System (HAFNS) method. Neural network database uses temperature and power loads as predictors to train the data sets and then use fuzzy system to develop membership functions, forecasting future power load demands for subsequent hours. HAFNS model is made using power load and temperature data of 2015. The training and testing set of HAFNS is composed of yearly data, which may be decomposed on monthly, daily and hourly basis for comparison. The simulation results of the forecasted data including error distribution graphs are demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"14 1","pages":"468-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81687247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991235
N. Kangwa, C. Venugopal, I. Davidson
For decades, high voltage alternating current (HVAC) has been the more conventional method of power delivery. With recent advances in power electronics, high voltage direct current (HVDC) is an established technology in long-distance bulk power transmission. It is re-emerging to be the better option due to improved system operation and better support in the development of onshore and offshore transmission grids. Because of its speed and flexibility, the HVDC technology is able to provide the transmission system with several advantages such as transfer capacity enhancement, better power flow control, transient stability improvement, damping of power oscillations; rejection of cascading disturbances, enhanced stability/control, and the absence of reactive power generation or absorption by the line or cable. The objective of this study paper is to provide an overview of VSC-HVDC systems in terms of their overall performance, control methods and to highlight multi-terminal DC systems as the gateway to future DC grids in Africa.
{"title":"A review of the performance of VSC-HVDC and MTDC systems","authors":"N. Kangwa, C. Venugopal, I. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991235","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, high voltage alternating current (HVAC) has been the more conventional method of power delivery. With recent advances in power electronics, high voltage direct current (HVDC) is an established technology in long-distance bulk power transmission. It is re-emerging to be the better option due to improved system operation and better support in the development of onshore and offshore transmission grids. Because of its speed and flexibility, the HVDC technology is able to provide the transmission system with several advantages such as transfer capacity enhancement, better power flow control, transient stability improvement, damping of power oscillations; rejection of cascading disturbances, enhanced stability/control, and the absence of reactive power generation or absorption by the line or cable. The objective of this study paper is to provide an overview of VSC-HVDC systems in terms of their overall performance, control methods and to highlight multi-terminal DC systems as the gateway to future DC grids in Africa.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"61 1","pages":"267-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80803906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991212
J. Nweke, A. Ekwue, E. Ejiogu
The installation of distributed generator (DG) is becoming increasingly attractive to utilities and consumers because distributed generation produces energy close to the load, are more efficient with reduced active losses and have less environmental impact. The paper proposed a validated two-step optimization novel technique with full Newton Raphson load flow. In the first step, the optimal size of DG is determined by partial derivative of exact loss formula with respect to active power injected by the DG. Whereas in the second step, the optimal location is found by loss sensitivity factor (LSF) aimed at reducing active power losses as well as improving the voltage profile of the network. Through a developed algorithm the sizing and location of the DG was validated. The test is carried out through Power System Software for Engineering (PSS/E) with the 28-bus 330kV Nigerian power network. The effectiveness yields 6.2% reduction in active power loss. Also, some of the vulnerable buses whose voltages were outside the statutory limit of 0.95 pu ≤ Vi ≤ 1.05pu: Ayede, Osogbo, New-haven, Onitsha, Gombe, Jos, Kaduna, Kano and Makurdi were improved.
{"title":"Integration of solar photovoltaic distributed generation in Nigerian power system network","authors":"J. Nweke, A. Ekwue, E. Ejiogu","doi":"10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/POWERAFRICA.2017.7991212","url":null,"abstract":"The installation of distributed generator (DG) is becoming increasingly attractive to utilities and consumers because distributed generation produces energy close to the load, are more efficient with reduced active losses and have less environmental impact. The paper proposed a validated two-step optimization novel technique with full Newton Raphson load flow. In the first step, the optimal size of DG is determined by partial derivative of exact loss formula with respect to active power injected by the DG. Whereas in the second step, the optimal location is found by loss sensitivity factor (LSF) aimed at reducing active power losses as well as improving the voltage profile of the network. Through a developed algorithm the sizing and location of the DG was validated. The test is carried out through Power System Software for Engineering (PSS/E) with the 28-bus 330kV Nigerian power network. The effectiveness yields 6.2% reduction in active power loss. Also, some of the vulnerable buses whose voltages were outside the statutory limit of 0.95 pu ≤ Vi ≤ 1.05pu: Ayede, Osogbo, New-haven, Onitsha, Gombe, Jos, Kaduna, Kano and Makurdi were improved.","PeriodicalId":6601,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE PES PowerAfrica","volume":"1 1","pages":"132-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83154251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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