Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241179
G. Donnini, E. Carlini, M. Caprabianca, F. Quaglia, Alessandro Greco, Lucrezia Promutico, V. Rossetti, M. Falvo, L. Papi
The European Electricity Balancing Guideline, entered into force on December 2017, aims at creating an integrated market, where European Transmission System Operators (TSOs) can exchange electricity balancing resources, maximizing the overall social welfare. A set of standardized balancing products has been defined and dedicated platforms for their exchange are under development in the framework of four main pan-European projects, including TERRE (Trans European Replacement Reserve Exchange). The new set of standardized products, as well as the new balancing platforms, has to be fully integrated in the framework of the Italian ancillary service market (ASM). This paper provides a critical review of the current reserves products adopted in the Italian ASM, and how they can match with the standardized European products. The integration of the Italian ASM with the TERRE project is also described, including the sizing strategies adopted by the Italian TSO for the Replacement Reserve (RR) activation demand to be submitted to the European platform. Finally, areas of potential development are identified in order to further improve the efficiency of the RR activation process, aiming at minimizing system costs and, at the same time, coping with high system security standards.
{"title":"Dimensioning of Frequency Reserves for the Italian Power System in the European Balancing Platform framework","authors":"G. Donnini, E. Carlini, M. Caprabianca, F. Quaglia, Alessandro Greco, Lucrezia Promutico, V. Rossetti, M. Falvo, L. Papi","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241179","url":null,"abstract":"The European Electricity Balancing Guideline, entered into force on December 2017, aims at creating an integrated market, where European Transmission System Operators (TSOs) can exchange electricity balancing resources, maximizing the overall social welfare. A set of standardized balancing products has been defined and dedicated platforms for their exchange are under development in the framework of four main pan-European projects, including TERRE (Trans European Replacement Reserve Exchange). The new set of standardized products, as well as the new balancing platforms, has to be fully integrated in the framework of the Italian ancillary service market (ASM). This paper provides a critical review of the current reserves products adopted in the Italian ASM, and how they can match with the standardized European products. The integration of the Italian ASM with the TERRE project is also described, including the sizing strategies adopted by the Italian TSO for the Replacement Reserve (RR) activation demand to be submitted to the European platform. Finally, areas of potential development are identified in order to further improve the efficiency of the RR activation process, aiming at minimizing system costs and, at the same time, coping with high system security standards.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87181279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241198
M. Gobbi, Adalberto Mariani
Constant On-Time (COT) buck DC-DC converters are widely used due to high responsiveness, reliability and simple design. However, maximum duty cycle and inductor charging slew rate are limited by minimum Off-Time [1]. The proposed solution overcomes these limitations, providing a wide output range converter with enhanced transient response. A constant on time buck converter, where On-Time is extended beyond the internal timer if output voltage is lower than reference, is proposed. As a benefit, there is no limitation to maximum duty cycle due to minimum off time, just allowing low drop-out operation. This also improves inductor current slew rate during transients. An additional peak current comparator is needed to limit current during On-Time, as the classic valley limitation is not enough.
{"title":"Low drop-out COT buck converter without maximum duty cycle limitation due to minimum Off-Time","authors":"M. Gobbi, Adalberto Mariani","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241198","url":null,"abstract":"Constant On-Time (COT) buck DC-DC converters are widely used due to high responsiveness, reliability and simple design. However, maximum duty cycle and inductor charging slew rate are limited by minimum Off-Time [1]. The proposed solution overcomes these limitations, providing a wide output range converter with enhanced transient response. A constant on time buck converter, where On-Time is extended beyond the internal timer if output voltage is lower than reference, is proposed. As a benefit, there is no limitation to maximum duty cycle due to minimum off time, just allowing low drop-out operation. This also improves inductor current slew rate during transients. An additional peak current comparator is needed to limit current during On-Time, as the classic valley limitation is not enough.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"467 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87234772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241188
A. Pitto, D. Cirio, E. Ciapessoni
The large penetration of renewable energy sources, characterized by correlated forecast uncertainty, calls for suitable tools to help power system operators manage security. This paper proposes a probabilistic preventive redispatching algorithm for conventional generators aimed at assuring N-1 security in presence of correlated uncertainties of renewable sources and loads. The algorithm combines Third Order Polynomial Normal Transformation, Point Estimate Method and Cornish Fisher expansion to characterize the chance constraints in a linear programming optimization problem. Simulations performed on an IEEE test system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed security control method in limiting the probability of violating branch power limits in N and N-1 state.
{"title":"Probabilistic security-constrained preventive redispatching in presence of correlated uncertainties","authors":"A. Pitto, D. Cirio, E. Ciapessoni","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241188","url":null,"abstract":"The large penetration of renewable energy sources, characterized by correlated forecast uncertainty, calls for suitable tools to help power system operators manage security. This paper proposes a probabilistic preventive redispatching algorithm for conventional generators aimed at assuring N-1 security in presence of correlated uncertainties of renewable sources and loads. The algorithm combines Third Order Polynomial Normal Transformation, Point Estimate Method and Cornish Fisher expansion to characterize the chance constraints in a linear programming optimization problem. Simulations performed on an IEEE test system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed security control method in limiting the probability of violating branch power limits in N and N-1 state.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87421861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241082
C. Zappacosta, L. Bocciolini, Walter Picariello, Siriana Paonessa, A. Ravichandran
This study provides a comprehensive analysis for checking the sizing of protection elements of the electromagnetic interference filter for an urban metro vehicle. The main purpose of this test is to measure and record the current relative to the protection fuses of the electromagnetic interference filter and voltage present at the ends of the electromagnetic filter. The signals analysed for checking the sizing of protection elements (fuses) are taken at the output of current and voltage transducers. The processing of test records is carried out automatically through software prepared specifically. We have observed that in one of the tests the action of the current flowing in the fuse causes one of the fuses to break which is installed in high voltage cubicle on the first coach of vehicle.
{"title":"Fuse breakdown monitoring in urban metro","authors":"C. Zappacosta, L. Bocciolini, Walter Picariello, Siriana Paonessa, A. Ravichandran","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241082","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides a comprehensive analysis for checking the sizing of protection elements of the electromagnetic interference filter for an urban metro vehicle. The main purpose of this test is to measure and record the current relative to the protection fuses of the electromagnetic interference filter and voltage present at the ends of the electromagnetic filter. The signals analysed for checking the sizing of protection elements (fuses) are taken at the output of current and voltage transducers. The processing of test records is carried out automatically through software prepared specifically. We have observed that in one of the tests the action of the current flowing in the fuse causes one of the fuses to break which is installed in high voltage cubicle on the first coach of vehicle.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87892995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241205
M. Albertini, S. Cotugno, Davide Pietribiasi, C. Rémy
The first part of the paper introduces the main operational differences, from a cable system perspective, between line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage source converter (VSC). As LCCs perform power reversal by inverting the DC voltage polarity, the general theory for cable insulation electrical stress calculation in this condition and the main reasons why it is a severe stress for extruded cables are reminded. In the second part, the development of the innovative High-Performance Thermoplastic Elastomer (HPTE) extruded material is introduced. This material presents superior electrical and thermal characteristics which will allow the use of extruded cables inside LCC systems. Several polarity reversal tests have been successfully carried out at different voltage levels up to 525kV and are presented in this paper for the first time. The test results are applied to a case study, where an HPTE cable is designed for an LCC application up to 2 GW.
{"title":"HPTE Extruded Cables Polarity Reversals Performance in LCC HVDC Systems","authors":"M. Albertini, S. Cotugno, Davide Pietribiasi, C. Rémy","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241205","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of the paper introduces the main operational differences, from a cable system perspective, between line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage source converter (VSC). As LCCs perform power reversal by inverting the DC voltage polarity, the general theory for cable insulation electrical stress calculation in this condition and the main reasons why it is a severe stress for extruded cables are reminded. In the second part, the development of the innovative High-Performance Thermoplastic Elastomer (HPTE) extruded material is introduced. This material presents superior electrical and thermal characteristics which will allow the use of extruded cables inside LCC systems. Several polarity reversal tests have been successfully carried out at different voltage levels up to 525kV and are presented in this paper for the first time. The test results are applied to a case study, where an HPTE cable is designed for an LCC application up to 2 GW.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88588352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241193
Stefano Giacomuzzi, M. Bertoluzzo
Electric Spring (ES) is one of the most promising technologies to stabilize the supply voltage of the critical loads of a user. Different versions and evolutions of ES have been proposed, whose novelties mostly stand in their circuital architecture and steady-state behavior. Nevertheless, a dynamic model of a single-phase user load equipped with ES have not been investigated yet for loads of resistive-inductive type. In this paper such a modeling is performed, disregarding its control strategy and if it whether exchanges only reactive or both active and reactive power. The obtained model has the peculiarity of being universal for a user load equipped with ES and the possibility of being applied for the development of any control strategy. At first, the time-domain equations relevant to the circuit are derived to achieve the state-space model. Subsequently, the equations that uses the dq components of the circuit quantities in a synchronous reference frame are derived, obtaining the state-space model in dq. The verification of such a modeling is performed through comparison of its outputs with those from the circuital simulation in the Simulink/Matlab environment of the whole circuit. As final step, the convenience of the state-space model is discussed for different ES control strategies.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Electric Spring Modeling in a Synchronous Reference Frame","authors":"Stefano Giacomuzzi, M. Bertoluzzo","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241193","url":null,"abstract":"Electric Spring (ES) is one of the most promising technologies to stabilize the supply voltage of the critical loads of a user. Different versions and evolutions of ES have been proposed, whose novelties mostly stand in their circuital architecture and steady-state behavior. Nevertheless, a dynamic model of a single-phase user load equipped with ES have not been investigated yet for loads of resistive-inductive type. In this paper such a modeling is performed, disregarding its control strategy and if it whether exchanges only reactive or both active and reactive power. The obtained model has the peculiarity of being universal for a user load equipped with ES and the possibility of being applied for the development of any control strategy. At first, the time-domain equations relevant to the circuit are derived to achieve the state-space model. Subsequently, the equations that uses the dq components of the circuit quantities in a synchronous reference frame are derived, obtaining the state-space model in dq. The verification of such a modeling is performed through comparison of its outputs with those from the circuital simulation in the Simulink/Matlab environment of the whole circuit. As final step, the convenience of the state-space model is discussed for different ES control strategies.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83396806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241140
Dzanan Sarajlic, C. Rehtanz
Due to the ongoing transformation of energy systems with top-down energy flows towards decentralized systems with increased feed-in at lower voltage levels, there is an increasing need for research and the associated energy system analyses. For this purpose, openly available grid models are needed, which can be used to benchmark different solution approaches. In this paper the concept of benchmarking in energy systems is elaborated, as there is no common definition up to now. Furthermore, an overview of already available network models and their originally planned applications or purposes is given. This overview should help researchers to find a suitable network dataset for their respective research topics. In this paper primarily distribution grid models for static energy system analyses are considered.
{"title":"Overview of distribution grid test systems for benchmarking of power system analyses","authors":"Dzanan Sarajlic, C. Rehtanz","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241140","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ongoing transformation of energy systems with top-down energy flows towards decentralized systems with increased feed-in at lower voltage levels, there is an increasing need for research and the associated energy system analyses. For this purpose, openly available grid models are needed, which can be used to benchmark different solution approaches. In this paper the concept of benchmarking in energy systems is elaborated, as there is no common definition up to now. Furthermore, an overview of already available network models and their originally planned applications or purposes is given. This overview should help researchers to find a suitable network dataset for their respective research topics. In this paper primarily distribution grid models for static energy system analyses are considered.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72743922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241154
Rahul N. Gore, Elena Lisova, J. Åkerberg, M. Björkman
Time synchronization is essential for the correct and consistent operation of automation systems. An inaccurate analysis being a consequence of improper synchronization, can affect automation functions, e.g., by producing false commands and warnings. Industrial systems are evolving from the rigid automation pyramid to a flexible and reconfigurable architecture due to market evolution. The new trends in Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS), Industry 4.0, and Internet of Things (IoT) are enabling this evolution. Citing a need to understand the future synchronization requirements, this paper envisions the architecture, communication network, and applications of future automation systems. Built on this vision, the paper derives the future needs of synchronization and analyzes them with state-of-art synchronization means. Based on the analysis, we envision the future of synchronization systems for automation systems.
{"title":"Clock Synchronization in Future Industrial Networks: Applications, Challenges, and Directions","authors":"Rahul N. Gore, Elena Lisova, J. Åkerberg, M. Björkman","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241154","url":null,"abstract":"Time synchronization is essential for the correct and consistent operation of automation systems. An inaccurate analysis being a consequence of improper synchronization, can affect automation functions, e.g., by producing false commands and warnings. Industrial systems are evolving from the rigid automation pyramid to a flexible and reconfigurable architecture due to market evolution. The new trends in Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS), Industry 4.0, and Internet of Things (IoT) are enabling this evolution. Citing a need to understand the future synchronization requirements, this paper envisions the architecture, communication network, and applications of future automation systems. Built on this vision, the paper derives the future needs of synchronization and analyzes them with state-of-art synchronization means. Based on the analysis, we envision the future of synchronization systems for automation systems.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75190203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241098
N. Sette, Francesco Arrigo, Claudio Liuni, S. Neri
As the Italian Trasmission System Operator (TSO), Terna has the legal mandate to measure the energy exchanged on the Significant High Voltage National Grid between consumer, producers and distribution systems. While these last entities are required to install and maintain the energy measurement equipment, physical and communication failures of these devices with the Terna metering system can lead to a loss of information about energy exchanges. To avoid this scenario and better reconstruct missing measures, Terna has initiated the “micro-balances” project, which consists in the installation of more than 2600 energy and power measurement devices at Terna’s electrical stations in order to measure the energy consumed inside an user defined portion of the electrical grid and/or by a whole market area. In this paper the theoretical framework of the project and real examples of the most interesting applications are illustrated in order to show the potential of the project itself.
{"title":"‘Micro-balances’ project: an enhanced system for measuring energy and monitoring power quality","authors":"N. Sette, Francesco Arrigo, Claudio Liuni, S. Neri","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241098","url":null,"abstract":"As the Italian Trasmission System Operator (TSO), Terna has the legal mandate to measure the energy exchanged on the Significant High Voltage National Grid between consumer, producers and distribution systems. While these last entities are required to install and maintain the energy measurement equipment, physical and communication failures of these devices with the Terna metering system can lead to a loss of information about energy exchanges. To avoid this scenario and better reconstruct missing measures, Terna has initiated the “micro-balances” project, which consists in the installation of more than 2600 energy and power measurement devices at Terna’s electrical stations in order to measure the energy consumed inside an user defined portion of the electrical grid and/or by a whole market area. In this paper the theoretical framework of the project and real examples of the most interesting applications are illustrated in order to show the potential of the project itself.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74539470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241133
Gilburt Chiang, Simon Wyatt, Patrick Causgrove, Hua Li
Voltage stability analysis is an important study performed by transmission system operators. Most of the time, the studies are performed off-line. However, bringing this analysis on-line with actual real-time data provides significantly more accurate results and alerts operators when there is an issue. Bigwood Systems has deployed real-time voltage stability tools across electric utility control centers around the world since 2003. Since then, there has been lessons learned and continued development on the real-time tools for voltage stability. The following paper highlights developments and uses.
{"title":"Real-time Voltage Stability Assessment and Enhancement: Implementation and Use Cases","authors":"Gilburt Chiang, Simon Wyatt, Patrick Causgrove, Hua Li","doi":"10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241133","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage stability analysis is an important study performed by transmission system operators. Most of the time, the studies are performed off-line. However, bringing this analysis on-line with actual real-time data provides significantly more accurate results and alerts operators when there is an issue. Bigwood Systems has deployed real-time voltage stability tools across electric utility control centers around the world since 2003. Since then, there has been lessons learned and continued development on the real-time tools for voltage stability. The following paper highlights developments and uses.","PeriodicalId":6689,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80226573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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