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2020 31st Annual SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference (ASMC)最新文献

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Excursion Prevention Strategy to Increase Chip Performance by Wafer Intra-Field CD Control Using Photomask Tuning 利用光掩膜调谐晶圆场内CD控制提高芯片性能的偏移预防策略
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185321
Ofir Sharoni, Yael Sufrin, Avi Cohen, T. Scheruebl, R. Seltmann, A. Samy, T. Thamm
Advanced process control in lithography and overall patterning is of tremendous importance for advanced semiconductor Fabs to ensure enhanced chip performance and yield. The final patterning result and subsequent yield are dependent upon many process parameters such as lithography processes, exposure tool performance, etch process, and CMP etc. To control these effects, various knobs, e.g. on the scanner for both wafer inter- and intra-field process control, have been introduced recently, including sophisticated inline metrology. In this holistic lithographic concept, the metrology is supported by simulation and by inline data. Additionally, offline data such as the mask critical dimension uniformity (CDU) data, can be added as a mask wafer interaction, also significantly contributing to wafer intra-field performance. The metrology algorithm now looks for locations where the simulation finds the weakest process features due to strong deviations of focus, dose, stage dynamics or other input parameters. These concepts are optimized to find sites where the process may break. Our concept of “excursion preventions” is a complementary approach. It proactively concentrates on the task to minimize the distributions of critical input parameters as much as possible, independent of a certain pre-defined specification for whether that parameter is met or not. In this paper, we will describe this concept by improving wafer intra-field CDU using CD Correction (CDC) by mask tuning (based on wafer intra-filed data). Mask tuning by the ForTune system uses ultra-short pulse laser technology to change the mask transmission locally, subsequently improving CDU on the wafer (CDC). To ensure safe patterning with a large enough process window without any negative yield or reliability impact, our concept looks for the tail of the final CD distribution instead of traditional 3 sigma numbers. By using a calibrated 3-D resist model, we simulate the pattern result under all permutations of input parameter distributions like dose, focus and mask CDU. As a result of the simulation, we get thousands of CD-results. The tail of that CD distribution still needs to be larger than the minimum CD needed for a safe etch transfer. Secondly, we will show in detail how the pro-active optimization of wafer intra-field CDU by mask tuning using the ForTune CDC process will give us more margin patterning and process stability over any other excursion process (e.g. focus deviations). Furthermore, we will present the simulated yield improvement based on the weak points (hot spots) improvement.
先进的工艺控制在光刻和整体图像化是非常重要的先进半导体晶圆厂,以确保提高芯片性能和良率。最终的图案结果和随后的产量取决于许多工艺参数,如光刻工艺、曝光工具性能、蚀刻工艺和CMP等。为了控制这些影响,最近引入了各种旋钮,例如用于晶圆间和场内过程控制的扫描仪上的旋钮,包括复杂的在线计量。在这种整体光刻概念中,计量是由仿真和内联数据支持的。此外,离线数据,如掩模临界尺寸均匀性(CDU)数据,可以作为掩模晶圆交互添加,也显着有助于晶圆内场性能。计量算法现在寻找由于焦点、剂量、阶段动力学或其他输入参数的强烈偏差而导致模拟发现最弱过程特征的位置。这些概念经过优化,可以找到流程可能中断的站点。我们的“偏移预防”概念是一种补充方法。它主动地将注意力集中在尽可能减少关键输入参数分布的任务上,而不依赖于某个预先定义的参数是否满足的规范。在本文中,我们将描述这一概念,通过掩模调谐(基于晶圆场内数据),使用CD校正(CDC)改进晶圆场内CDU。ForTune系统的掩模调谐采用超短脉冲激光技术在局部改变掩模传输,从而改善晶圆上的CDU (CDC)。为了确保具有足够大的工艺窗口的安全模式,而不会产生任何负面的产量或可靠性影响,我们的概念是寻找最终CD分布的尾部,而不是传统的3西格玛数字。利用校正后的三维电阻模型,模拟了在剂量、焦距和掩模CDU等输入参数分布的所有排列下的模式结果。模拟的结果是,我们得到了数千张cd的结果。该CD分布的尾部仍然需要大于安全蚀刻传输所需的最小CD。其次,我们将详细展示如何通过使用ForTune CDC过程的掩模调谐对晶圆场内CDU进行主动优化,从而比任何其他偏移过程(例如焦点偏差)提供更多的余量模式和过程稳定性。此外,我们将提出基于弱点(热点)改进的模拟良率改进。
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引用次数: 0
Method for improving stability of plasma ignition in a multi-cathode magnetron PVD system 提高多阴极磁控管PVD系统等离子体点火稳定性的方法
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185236
Jessica Gruss-Gifford, V. Mehta, Oscar van der Straten, G. Rodriguez, M. Lippitt, D. Canaperi
This paper presents a multi-step process to improve the stability of plasma ignition of a magnetic target in a multi-cathode physical vapor deposition (PVD) system. Most target materials in the system have no issues igniting a stable plasma. The material in question is a material for which it is much more difficult to ignite a reliable plasma because it is a more complex target made of different compounds, therefore this target will be affected by grain size, impurities, and other factors from its manufacturing, therefore there are more ignition faults and retries than with other conventional targets using the same recipe settings. It was found that ignition retries and faults can be improved by implementing sequence start cleans, high pressure ignition using the sputter on shield, and/or by using a higher wattage power supply to ignite the plasma with the ion gauge on. Each method was shown to decrease the number of retries and faults and can be used on PVD systems with targets which are difficult to ignite. Any combination of these solutions should result in improvement of up to 50% reduction in ignition faults.
提出了一种在多阴极物理气相沉积(PVD)系统中提高磁靶等离子体点火稳定性的多步骤工艺。系统中的大多数目标材料都不会引发稳定的等离子体。所讨论的材料是一种很难点燃可靠等离子体的材料,因为它是一种由不同化合物制成的更复杂的目标,因此这种目标会受到颗粒大小、杂质和其他制造因素的影响,因此比使用相同配方设置的其他传统目标有更多的点火故障和重试。研究发现,通过实施顺序启动清洁、在屏蔽上使用溅射的高压点火和/或使用更高瓦数的电源在离子计打开的情况下点燃等离子体,可以改善点火重试和故障。结果表明,每种方法都可以减少重试次数和故障,并可用于具有难以点燃目标的PVD系统。这些解决方案的任何组合都将导致点火故障减少50%。
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引用次数: 0
Formation and Removal of Tungsten Flake and Metallic Film Defects in Tungsten Contact CMP 钨触点CMP中钨片和金属膜缺陷的形成与去除
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185217
B. Egan, H. Kim, R. Solan
Controlling defectivity levels after the CMP process is critical for yield enhancement. CMP tools are equipped with an in-situ cleaning module to remove polishing byproducts, residues, and flakes. After tungsten contact CMP, metallic flakes and films can cause leakage paths between contacts. They are detrimental to final device yield, and their impact increases as the transistor nodes shrink. This paper explores the formation mechanisms of different types of tungsten flake defects and suggests methods to eliminate them from the wafer surface. The interaction between the in-situ cleaner and wafer will be examined in order to better understand the source and formation of defects caught after CMP. Keyword: Tungsten CMP, CMP in-situ Cleaning, Dryer, Brushes, Flakes
在CMP过程后控制缺陷水平是提高产量的关键。CMP工具配备了一个原位清洁模块,可以去除抛光副产品、残留物和薄片。在钨触点CMP后,金属薄片和薄膜会在触点之间形成泄漏路径。它们对器件的最终成品率是有害的,而且随着晶体管节点的缩小,它们的影响会越来越大。本文探讨了不同类型钨片缺陷的形成机理,并提出了消除钨片表面缺陷的方法。为了更好地了解CMP后捕获的缺陷的来源和形成,将研究原位清洁器与晶圆之间的相互作用。关键词:钨CMP, CMP原位清洗,干燥机,毛刷,薄片
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引用次数: 1
Development of SiGe Indentation Process Control to Enable Stacked Nanosheet FET Technology 开发SiGe压痕过程控制以实现堆叠奈米片场效应管技术
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185226
D. Kong, D. Schmidt, M. Breton, A. A. de la peña, J. Frougier, A. Greene, Jingyun Zhang, V. Basker, N. Loubet, I. Ahsan, A. Cepler, M. Klare, Marjorie Cheng, R. Koret, I. Turovets
The methodology of measuring the lateral etch, or indentation, of SiGe nanosheets by using optical scatterometry, x-ray fluorescence, and machine learning algorithms is presented and discussed. Stacked nanosheet device structures were fabricated with different etch conditions in order to induce variations in the indent. It was found that both scatterometry in conjunction with Spectral Interferometry and novel interpretation algorithms as well as TEM calibrated LE-XRF are suitable techniques to quantify the indent. Machine learning algorithms enabled an additional solution path by combining LE-XRF data with scatterometry spectra therefore avoiding the need for a full optical model.
提出并讨论了利用光学散射测量、x射线荧光和机器学习算法测量SiGe纳米片的横向蚀刻或压痕的方法。在不同的蚀刻条件下制备了堆叠纳米片器件结构,以诱导压痕的变化。研究发现,结合光谱干涉法的散射测量和新的解释算法以及TEM校准的LE-XRF都是量化压痕的合适技术。机器学习算法通过将LE-XRF数据与散射测量光谱相结合,实现了额外的解决路径,从而避免了对完整光学模型的需要。
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引用次数: 3
Overlay improvement for semiconductor manufacturing using Moiré effect 利用摩尔效应改进半导体制造的覆盖层
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185396
Y. Hagio, K. Kasa, Sho Kawadahara, Manabu Takakuwa, Yosuke Takahata, Katsuya Kato, A. Nakae
In this paper, we demonstrate methodology of mark design for semiconductor device based on simulations, measurements and verification. We compared overlay performance of conventional overlay targets, as well as grating-over-grating imaging targets utilizing Moiré effect. Moiré target showed better accuracy, process robustness and precision with improved measurement technology.
在本文中,我们展示了基于仿真、测量和验证的半导体器件标记设计方法。比较了传统叠加目标和利用莫尔效应的光栅-过光栅成像目标的叠加性能。通过改进的测量技术,提高了目标的精度、过程鲁棒性和精密度。
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引用次数: 1
Roughness and nanotopography measurement of a Silicon Wafer using Wave Front Phase Imaging : High speed single image snapshot of entire wafer producing sub nm topography data 用波前相位成像测量硅片的粗糙度和纳米形貌:整个硅片的高速单图像快照,产生亚纳米形貌数据
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185222
J. Trujillo-Sevilla, J. Ramos-Rodríguez, J. Gaudestad
In this paper we introduce a new metrology technique for measuring wafer geometry on silicon wafers. Wave Front Phase Imaging (WFPI) has high lateral resolution and is sensitive enough to measure roughness on a silicon wafer by simply acquiring a single image snapshot of the entire wafer. WFPI is achieved by measuring the reflected light intensity from monochromatic uncoherent light at two different optical planes along the optical path with the same field of view. We show that the lateral resolution in the current system is 24μm though it can be pushed to less than 5μm by simply adding more pixels to the image sensor. Also, we show that the amplitude, or Z-height resolution limit, is 0. 3nm. A 2-inch wafer was measured while resting flat on a sample holder and the nanotopography and roughness was revealed by applying a Butterworth high pass filter to the global topography data using a spatial cutoff frequency of 440μm. The same 2-inch wafer was also placed on a simulated robotic wafer handler arm, and we show that even if gravity was causing extra bow on the wafer, the same roughness and nanotopography was still being revealed at the same resolution after the same high pass filter was applied to the global wafer geometry data.
本文介绍了一种新的测量硅片几何形状的测量技术。波前相位成像(WFPI)具有很高的横向分辨率,并且足够灵敏,可以通过简单地获取整个硅片的单个图像快照来测量硅片上的粗糙度。WFPI是通过测量单色非相干光沿相同视场光路在两个不同光平面上的反射光强来实现的。我们表明,目前系统的横向分辨率为24μm,但可以通过简单地增加图像传感器的像素来将其推至5μm以下。此外,我们显示振幅或z高度分辨率极限为0。3海里。将2英寸晶圆平放在样品支架上进行测量,并通过使用440μm的空间截止频率对全局形貌数据应用Butterworth高通滤波器来显示纳米形貌和粗糙度。同样的2英寸晶圆也被放置在一个模拟的机器人晶圆处理臂上,我们表明,即使重力在晶圆上造成额外的弯曲,在对全局晶圆几何数据应用相同的高通滤波器后,相同的粗糙度和纳米形貌仍然以相同的分辨率显示出来。
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引用次数: 0
Advanced wafer backside bevel characterization using a geometry measurement 先进的晶圆背面斜角表征使用几何测量
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC49169.2020.9185196
A. Striegler, F. Flach, T. Lindner, C. Chee, P. Jain, Madhan Kanniyappan
Throughout high volume semiconductor manufacturing processing, many factors influence wafer defectivity, including the backside bevel shape of the wafer. This paper shows the relationship between the critical edge on the backside bevel of an incoming wafer and the specific defect level during manufacturing. A new methodology to characterize this critical backside bevel shape is presented. This characterization utilizes the PWG™ patterned wafer geometry metrology system and a known curvature metric (ZDD) [1]. The novelty of the methodology is the extension of the measurement radius closer to the wafer apex.
在大批量半导体制造过程中,影响晶圆缺陷的因素很多,包括晶圆背面的斜角形状。本文介绍了晶圆片后斜角的临界边缘与制造过程中特定缺陷水平之间的关系。提出了一种新的方法来表征这种关键的后斜角形状。这种表征利用了PWG™图型晶圆几何测量系统和已知的曲率度量(ZDD)[1]。该方法的新颖之处在于测量半径的扩展更接近晶圆顶点。
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引用次数: 0
Simultaneous front and back side Cu metallization on power chips: DP: Discrete and power devices or ET/ID: Enabling technologies and innovative devices 电源芯片前后同步镀铜:DP:分立和电源器件或ET/ID:使能技术和创新器件
Pub Date : 2017-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2017.7969227
C. Melvin, B. Roelfs
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引用次数: 0
Local wafer temperature non-uniformity correction with laser irradiation 激光辐照局部晶圆温度不均匀性校正
Pub Date : 2015-05-03 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2015.7164465
R. Preetham
The application of correcting small temperature non-uniformity on Silicon wafers using local irradiation with spatially scanning laser beams was analyzed. The objective of the study was to understand the specifications of such a laser beam to elevate the temperature of a wafer locally by 1 to 5°C. A detailed analytical model has been developed for predicting power level, exposure time, scanning speed, and the beam characteristics. The model has been derived by solving the three dimensional transient heat equation using Green's function approach. Various wafer characteristics, such as the surface reflectivity, material absorption coefficient, and thermal properties have been built into the formulation as parameters, so that several what-if scenarios can be evaluated with ease and accuracy. Existing analytical methods in literature for prediction of laser irradiated substrate temperatures assume infinite thickness of the substrate. In this study, it has been found that this approximation could result in significant errors particularly for the present application of interest, where the wafer thickness is finite and the focus is on relatively small local temperature rise in short exposure durations. Numerical models were also developed to mimic some particular cases using a commercial finite volume method solver. The numerical and analytical results show an excellent agreement. The analytical model allows for a more diverse range of variables than the finite volume numerical models.
分析了空间扫描激光束局部照射在硅晶圆表面小温度不均匀性校正中的应用。该研究的目的是了解这种激光束的规格,以提高晶圆片局部温度1至5°C。建立了一个详细的分析模型,用于预测功率水平、曝光时间、扫描速度和光束特性。采用格林函数法求解三维瞬态热方程,推导出该模型。各种晶圆特性,如表面反射率、材料吸收系数和热性能已作为参数内置到配方中,因此可以轻松准确地评估几个假设场景。现有文献中用于预测激光照射衬底温度的分析方法假设衬底的厚度为无穷大。在这项研究中,已经发现这种近似可能会导致显著的误差,特别是对于目前感兴趣的应用,其中晶圆厚度是有限的,重点是在短曝光持续时间内相对较小的局部温升。还开发了数值模型来模拟一些特殊情况,使用商业有限体积法求解器。数值计算结果与分析结果非常吻合。解析模型允许比有限体积数值模型更多样化的变量范围。
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引用次数: 0
Linear Semiconductor Manufacturing Logistics and the Impact on Cycle Time 线性半导体制造物流及其对周期时间的影响
Pub Date : 2007-06-11 DOI: 10.1109/ASMC.2007.4595693
P. V. D. Meulen
Fabs need enhanced flexibility to manufacture smaller lots of wafers to reduce cycle time, inventory and WIP, while maintaining equipment throughput, avoiding cross-contamination and ensuring process integrity and yields. Current equipment has increasing difficulty meeting those demands. This paper describes various factors that could lead to optimized choices for the quantity of wafers in a lot of size smaller than 25 wafers, and shows the potential for decreases in cycle time associated with various equipment configurations and wafer lot sizes.
晶圆厂需要增强灵活性,以生产更小批量的晶圆,以减少周期时间、库存和在制品,同时保持设备吞吐量,避免交叉污染,并确保工艺完整性和产量。目前的设备越来越难以满足这些需求。本文描述了各种因素,这些因素可能导致小于25片晶圆尺寸的晶圆数量的优化选择,并显示了与各种设备配置和晶圆批量大小相关的周期时间减少的潜力。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
2020 31st Annual SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference (ASMC)
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