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Required personal protective equipment for prehospital healthcare provider in COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review COVID-19大流行中院前医疗服务提供者所需的个人防护装备:系统综述
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-37560
Karim Javanmardi, A. Dadashzadeh, Javad Dehghannezhad, Simin Sattarpour, N. Gilani, E. Kakemam
Aims. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease, and a variety of personal protective equipment (PPE) has been recommended as preventive measures for prehospital emergency personnel, which has led to considerable challenges and a great confusion for the personnel. This review aims to identify different types of PPE required in the care of COVID-19 patients in prehospital emergency system. Material and methods. This study was carried out by searching through databases including: Pubmed, Proqust, Google Scholar, and Cinahl. All articles that recommended different types of PPE against COVID-19 and infectious diseases for prehospital emergency personnel were collected in a table. Results. After carrying out the initial search in the databases, 1,009 studies were obtained and then 16 articles were selected. The findings seem to suggest using equipment including: gloves, face shields (shield/goggles), protective clothes (medical jumpsuit/scrubs), surgical masks, N-95 masks, powered air purifying respirators (PAPR), hair covers, shoe covers and washing up the hands by the emergency medical service (EMS) personnel. Discussion. The scrutiny of the relevant studies showed that each of them advised the EMS personnel to use a number of PPE. The present study highlighted the fact that there are other components of the PPE which can be useful to them. Conclusion. This study identified the most appropriate PPE needed for prehospital emergency personnel against COVID-19, and it is believed that planning for adequate access to this equipment and training on how to use them can significantly help to reduce the infection among the personnel.
目标2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是一种高度传染性疾病,院前急救人员建议使用多种个人防护装备作为预防措施,这给人员带来了相当大的挑战和极大的困惑。本综述旨在确定院前急救系统中COVID-19患者护理所需的不同类型PPE。材料和方法。本研究通过检索Pubmed、Proqust、b谷歌Scholar和Cinahl等数据库进行。收集所有建议院前急救人员佩戴不同类型防护用品和传染病防护用品的文章,形成表格。结果。在数据库中进行初步检索后,共获得1009篇研究,最后选择了16篇。调查结果似乎建议使用的设备包括:手套、面罩(护罩/护目镜)、防护服(医疗连体衣/工作服)、外科口罩、N-95口罩、动力空气净化呼吸器(PAPR)、发套、鞋套和紧急医疗服务(EMS)人员洗手。讨论。对相关研究的仔细审查表明,每一项研究都建议紧急医疗服务人员使用一些个人防护装备。目前的研究强调了这样一个事实,即个人防护装备的其他组成部分可能对他们有用。结论。本研究确定了院前急救人员应对COVID-19所需的最合适的个人防护装备,并认为,计划充分获得这些设备并进行如何使用这些设备的培训,可以显著帮助减少人员之间的感染。
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引用次数: 0
Fetal acrania: A case report 胎儿颅骨畸形1例
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-36356
V. Bartoš, Oľga Káčeríková
Introduction. Acrania is a very rare lethal congenital malformation characterized by an absence of the cranial vault with developed cerebral hemispheres. It is sometimes confused with anencephaly in which both the forebrain and neurocranium are not developed. Although these two conditions principally differ in their morphology and pathogenesis, acrania may be a precursor of the development of anencephaly through the process known as Acrania-exencephaly-anencephaly sequence. Case report. A 27-year-old woman was diagnosed to have a viable fetus with an absent skull vault and uncovered brain directly exposed to amniotic cavity. A diagnosis of acrania was made. A medical abortion was performed in the 14th week of pregnancy. A gross examination of the formalin-fixed fetus revealed a complete absence of the calva and brain tissue. The cranial structures stop abruptly above the orbits and the fetus showed a triangular face with bulging eyes. At the top of the head, a huge defect with a residual thin covering membrane was visible. According to the gross morphology and in correlation with previous ultrasound findings, the pathologist established the diagnosis of secondary anencephaly. Conclusion. This paper suggests that many of the reported anencephaly cases that are diagnosed during the second or third trimester of pregnancy might represent the end of a spectrum that initially appears as isolated acrania. This may be the reason for much higher global incidence of anencephaly compared to acrania.
介绍。颅骨畸形是一种非常罕见的致死性先天性畸形,其特征是颅骨拱顶缺失,大脑半球发达。它有时与前脑和神经头盖骨未发育的无脑畸形相混淆。虽然这两种情况在形态和发病机制上主要不同,但通过被称为“crania-exencephaly-anencephaly序列”的过程,crania可能是无脑畸形发展的前兆。病例报告。一名27岁的女性被诊断为有一个可存活的胎儿,颅骨穹窿缺失,大脑裸露,直接暴露在羊膜腔内。诊断为颅脑畸形。妊娠第14周进行药物流产。对福尔马林固定的胎儿的粗略检查显示完全没有颅骨和脑组织。颅骨结构在眼眶上方突然停止,胎儿的脸呈三角形,眼睛凸出。在头部的顶部,可以看到一个巨大的缺陷和残留的薄覆盖膜。根据大体形态和先前超声检查结果,病理学家确定继发性无脑畸形的诊断。结论。这篇论文表明,许多报道的无脑畸形病例在怀孕的第二或第三个月被诊断出来,可能代表了一个谱系的结束,最初表现为孤立的crania。这可能是全球无脑畸形发生率高于颅骨畸形的原因。
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引用次数: 0
In vitro antimicrobial activity of different Verbascum niveum extracts 不同荆芥提取物的体外抑菌活性研究
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-40582
Maja Grigorov, D. Pavlović, S. Mladenović-Antić, M. Tasić-Kostov, Dusan S Ilic
Introduction. Medicinal plants are the main ingredient of numerous medicines and pharmaceutical products, and antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated in a large number of medicinal plant extracts and essential oils. Considering that Verbascum L. species (mullein), officially approved by the European Medicines Agency, show antimicrobial properties, but also that there are species of this genus that have not been sufficiently studied, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of six different extracts of Verbascum niveum Ten. Material and methods. Antimicrobial bioassays were performed with one fungus (Candida albicans) and four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) by broth microdilution method according to the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. The results were expressed as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an extract (mg/ml) that prevents the visible growth of bacteria/fungi. Results. The MIC values ranged from 0.39 to 1.25 mg/ml. The strongest effect was obtained with the ethanolic extract of leaves against Staphylococcus aureus (0.39 mg/ml). Conclusion. Although Verbascum species are considered to be an excellent antimicrobial agent, according to our result, the tested extracts had modest antimicrobial activity.
介绍。药用植物是许多药物和医药产品的主要成分,大量药用植物提取物和精油已被证明具有抗菌活性。考虑到欧洲药品管理局(European Medicines Agency)正式批准的毛蕊花属(Verbascum L.)具有抗菌特性,但也有该属的物种尚未得到充分的研究,本研究的目的是评估毛蕊花六种不同提取物的抗菌活性。材料和方法。采用微量肉汤稀释法对1株真菌(白色念珠菌)和4株细菌(大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌)进行抗菌生物试验,试验方法参照欧洲药敏试验委员会的建议。结果表示为提取物的最小抑制浓度(MIC) (mg/ml),可以阻止细菌/真菌的可见生长。结果。MIC值为0.39 ~ 1.25 mg/ml。叶乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最强(0.39 mg/ml)。结论。虽然verbasum被认为是一种很好的抗菌剂,但根据我们的结果,所测试的提取物具有适度的抗菌活性。
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引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial activity evaluation of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) variety Čačanska crna juice and extract 黑加仑(Ribes nigrum L.)品种Čačanska crna汁和提取物的抗菌活性评价
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-41954
Milica Trajković, D. Kitić, T. Mihajilov-Krstev, K. Šavikin, Milica Ranđelović, Milica Milutinović, S. Branković, Nemanja Kitić, Bojana Miladinović
Aim. This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the antimicrobial activity of lyophilized fruit juice (BCLJ) and waste extract (BCLW) obtained from the black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) variety Čačanska crna. Materials and method. The study was conducted using four Gram (+) (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and five Gram (-) bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes) as well as one yeast (Candida albicans). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and delphinidin-3-Oglucoside present in black currant were used as standards, so the second aim was to determine their influence on the total antimicrobial activity. Results. The tested samples showed moderate antimicrobial activity. The inhibitory effect of BCLJ was shown on all Gram (+) bacteria (B. cereus, E. faecalis, S. aureus), apart from L. monocytogenes, for which the extracts were not effective. It was noted that BCLJ did not suppress the growth of Gram (-) bacteria. Black currant waste extract on the other hand was shown to be efficient on Gram (+) as well as on Gram (-) bacteria. The results of minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC (MFC) of BCLJ and BCLW were 100 mg/mL and MBC was higher than 100 mg. The MIC/MBC (MFC) of standards were 0.13 - 0.5 mg/mL. Conclusion. Results indicate that these black currant lyophilizates might be potentially used as antimicrobial agents.
的目标。本研究旨在评价和量化黑加仑(Ribes nigrum L.) Čačanska crna的冻干果汁(BCLJ)和废提取物(BCLW)的抑菌活性。材料和方法。该研究使用4种革兰氏(+)菌(蜡样芽孢杆菌、单核增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌)和5种革兰氏(-)菌(大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、奇异变形杆菌、产气肠杆菌)以及1种酵母(白色念珠菌)进行。以黑加仑中的花青素-3- o -葡萄糖苷、飞燕草苷-3- o -芦丁苷和飞燕草苷-3-葡萄糖苷为标准,测定其对总抗菌活性的影响。结果。测试样品显示出中等的抗菌活性。BCLJ对革兰氏(+)菌(蜡样芽孢杆菌、粪芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)均有抑制作用,但对单核增生乳杆菌无抑制作用。结果表明,BCLJ对革兰氏(-)菌的生长没有抑制作用。另一方面,黑加仑废提取物被证明对革兰氏(+)和革兰氏(-)细菌都有效。BCLJ和BCLW的最低抑菌浓度MIC (MFC)均为100 mg/mL, MBC均大于100 mg/mL。标准品的MIC/MBC (MFC)为0.13 ~ 0.5 mg/mL。结论。结果表明,这些黑加仑冻干剂有可能作为抗菌药物使用。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of educational compilation through video tutorials and visual AIDS on the quality of bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy 通过视频教程和视觉辅助进行教育汇编对结肠镜检查患者肠道准备质量的影响
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-32820
Jahanbakhsh Amirarsalani, Leyla Alilu, Masoumeh Hemmati-Maslakpak, Javad Rasouli
Background/Aims. High-quality bowel preparation is a prerequisite for colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational compilation through educational videos and visual cards on the quality of bowel preparation in colonoscopy. Materials and methods. The present study was carried out in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran, 2018. In this experimental study, 180 colonoscopy candidate outpatients, who were eligible to participate in the study, were selected. Next, the participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 90) and a control group (n = 90). The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Before the colonoscopy, the intervention group was provided with the educational videos and visual cards. However, the control group received the usual education. After collecting the data, they were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 16. The researcher used Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression tests to analyze the data. Results. The bowel preparation score in the intervention group (8.46±0.90) was higher than the bowel preparation score in the control group (4.34 ± 2.09) (t178 = -17.10, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis controlled the effect of demographic variables and showed that the intervention significantly increased the quality of bowel preparation in the intervention group (odds ratio 141.70, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Education compilation through educational videos and visual cards was effective in increasing the quality of bowel preparation in the case of patients who received colonoscopy. Therefore, it is recommended that this kind of education be used during invasive diagnostic and treatment methods such as colonoscopy.
背景/目的。高质量的肠道准备是结肠镜检查的先决条件。本研究的目的是通过教育视频和视觉卡片来确定教育编辑对结肠镜检查中肠道准备质量的影响。材料和方法。本研究于2018年在伊朗乌尔米娅的伊玛目霍梅尼医院进行。本实验研究选取符合研究条件的180例结肠镜检查候选者门诊患者。接下来,参与者被随机分配到干预组(n = 90)和对照组(n = 90)。数据收集工具包括人口统计问卷和波士顿肠道准备量表。在结肠镜检查前,给干预组提供教育录像和视觉卡片。而对照组则接受常规教育。收集数据后,使用SPSS 16版软件进行统计分析。研究者采用卡方检验、独立t检验和逻辑回归检验对数据进行分析。结果。干预组肠道准备评分(8.46±0.90)高于对照组(4.34±2.09)(t178 = -17.10, p <0.001)。多因素分析控制了人口统计学变量的影响,结果显示干预显著提高了干预组肠道准备质量(优势比141.70,p <0.001)。结论。在接受结肠镜检查的患者中,通过教育视频和视觉卡片进行教育编制可以有效地提高肠道准备的质量。因此,建议在结肠镜检查等有创诊断和治疗方法中使用这种教育。
{"title":"The effect of educational compilation through video tutorials and visual AIDS on the quality of bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy","authors":"Jahanbakhsh Amirarsalani, Leyla Alilu, Masoumeh Hemmati-Maslakpak, Javad Rasouli","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-32820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-32820","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aims. High-quality bowel preparation is a prerequisite for colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational compilation through educational videos and visual cards on the quality of bowel preparation in colonoscopy. Materials and methods. The present study was carried out in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran, 2018. In this experimental study, 180 colonoscopy candidate outpatients, who were eligible to participate in the study, were selected. Next, the participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 90) and a control group (n = 90). The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Before the colonoscopy, the intervention group was provided with the educational videos and visual cards. However, the control group received the usual education. After collecting the data, they were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 16. The researcher used Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression tests to analyze the data. Results. The bowel preparation score in the intervention group (8.46±0.90) was higher than the bowel preparation score in the control group (4.34 ± 2.09) (t178 = -17.10, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis controlled the effect of demographic variables and showed that the intervention significantly increased the quality of bowel preparation in the intervention group (odds ratio 141.70, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Education compilation through educational videos and visual cards was effective in increasing the quality of bowel preparation in the case of patients who received colonoscopy. Therefore, it is recommended that this kind of education be used during invasive diagnostic and treatment methods such as colonoscopy.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dominant symptomatology and clinically significant endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia 消化不良患者的主要症状和临床意义的内镜检查结果
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-39533
Marija Marković, Mladen Maksić, Jelena Živić, Nebojša Igrutinović, Željko Todorović, Nataša Zdravković
Introduction. The role of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) is reflected in the evaluation of various symptoms and signs of numerous organic disorders such as ulcer disease, reflux disease, diverticula, achalasia and tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract, but also in the exclusion of the same conditions in patients, the basis of which is a functional disorder. Functional diseases of the digestive system are a great challenge in everyday clinical work. Aim. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of functional dyspepsia in relation to the organic one by sex and age as well as the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection (HBP) in patients with dyspepsia, performing upper endoscopy as the gold standard in differential diagnosis. Methods. The study analyzed 5,200 patients over a four-year period. All patients underwent upper endoscopy with dyspeptic disorders and all subjects underwent the biopsy of the gastric mucosa and pathohistological verification. Results. The frequency of dyspeptic disorders was higher in women than in men, with the average age being 43 years. The most common complaints were epigastric pain and postprandial fullness. Endoscopic findings were positive in 55% of patients, predominantly over 55 years of age, with no statistical difference between the HBP status. The most common changes were reflux esophagitis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Conclusion. Our study showed a high rate of positive endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia according to the criteria of Rome IV. Gastroscopy has significant implications in patients with dyspepsia.
介绍。食管胃十二指肠镜(EGDS)的作用体现在评价多种器质性疾病的各种症状和体征,如溃疡病、反流病、憩室、贲门失弛弛症和上胃肠道肿瘤,但也体现在排除患者的相同条件,其基础是功能性疾病。消化系统功能性疾病是临床工作中的一大挑战。的目标。本研究的目的是根据性别和年龄确定功能性消化不良与器质性消化不良之间的关系,以及消化不良患者幽门螺杆菌感染(HBP)的频率,将上内镜检查作为鉴别诊断的金标准。方法。这项研究在四年的时间里分析了5200名患者。所有患有消化不良疾病的患者均行胃镜检查,所有患者均行胃粘膜活检和病理组织学检查。结果。女性患消化不良疾病的频率高于男性,平均年龄为43岁。最常见的主诉是胃脘痛和餐后饱腹感。55%的患者内镜检查结果为阳性,主要是55岁以上的患者,HBP状态之间无统计学差异。最常见的变化是反流性食管炎、胃溃疡和十二指肠溃疡。结论。我们的研究显示,根据Rome IV的标准,消化不良患者的内镜检查结果阳性率很高。胃镜检查对消化不良患者有重要意义。
{"title":"Dominant symptomatology and clinically significant endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia","authors":"Marija Marković, Mladen Maksić, Jelena Živić, Nebojša Igrutinović, Željko Todorović, Nataša Zdravković","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-39533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-39533","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The role of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) is reflected in the evaluation of various symptoms and signs of numerous organic disorders such as ulcer disease, reflux disease, diverticula, achalasia and tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract, but also in the exclusion of the same conditions in patients, the basis of which is a functional disorder. Functional diseases of the digestive system are a great challenge in everyday clinical work. Aim. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of functional dyspepsia in relation to the organic one by sex and age as well as the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection (HBP) in patients with dyspepsia, performing upper endoscopy as the gold standard in differential diagnosis. Methods. The study analyzed 5,200 patients over a four-year period. All patients underwent upper endoscopy with dyspeptic disorders and all subjects underwent the biopsy of the gastric mucosa and pathohistological verification. Results. The frequency of dyspeptic disorders was higher in women than in men, with the average age being 43 years. The most common complaints were epigastric pain and postprandial fullness. Endoscopic findings were positive in 55% of patients, predominantly over 55 years of age, with no statistical difference between the HBP status. The most common changes were reflux esophagitis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Conclusion. Our study showed a high rate of positive endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia according to the criteria of Rome IV. Gastroscopy has significant implications in patients with dyspepsia.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135612307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overview of the possibility of bone replacement for the purpose of pre-prosthetic preparation of the patient 概述骨置换的可能性,目的是为患者进行假体前准备
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-37511
M. Igić, M. Kostić, A. Pejčić, N. Gligorijević, M. Jovanovic, Nenad Stošić
Introduction. The loss of the jaw bone, especially in the area of the alveolar process, can significantly complicate the procedure of prosthetic rehabilitation of prosthetic patients. The reason for the loss of the jaw bones are physiological and pathological processes. Materials. Bone replacements are widely used in the reconstruction of bone defects. The optimal characteristics of these materials are biocompatibility, bioinertness, biofunctionality and a special canalicular and intercanalicular system. Alloplastic bone replacements are inorganic, synthetic, biocompatible and bioactive bone replacements with osteoinductive potential. Hydroxyapatite is a preparation based on calcium phosphate. It has high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and good osteoconductive characteristics. Poor properties are poor mechanical resistance as well as a low degree of resorption. Therefore, the research of chemically modified hydroxyapatites containing different ions was started. Conclusion. Calcium ions can be replaced by various metal ions like cobalt, aluminum, nickel, manganese, chromium, copper in a liquid medium.
介绍。下颌骨的缺失,尤其是在牙槽突区域的缺失,会使义肢患者的假肢康复过程变得非常复杂。颌骨丢失的原因是生理和病理过程。材料。骨替代物广泛应用于骨缺损的重建。这些材料的最佳特性是生物相容性、生物惰性、生物功能性和特殊的管间系统。同种异体骨替代物是具有骨诱导潜能的无机、合成、生物相容性和生物活性的骨替代物。羟基磷灰石是一种以磷酸钙为基料的制剂。具有高生物相容性、低免疫原性和良好的骨传导特性。较差的性能是机械阻力差以及再吸收程度低。因此,开始了含不同离子的化学改性羟基磷灰石的研究。结论。在液体介质中,钙离子可以被钴、铝、镍、锰、铬、铜等各种金属离子代替。
{"title":"Overview of the possibility of bone replacement for the purpose of pre-prosthetic preparation of the patient","authors":"M. Igić, M. Kostić, A. Pejčić, N. Gligorijević, M. Jovanovic, Nenad Stošić","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-37511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-37511","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The loss of the jaw bone, especially in the area of the alveolar process, can significantly complicate the procedure of prosthetic rehabilitation of prosthetic patients. The reason for the loss of the jaw bones are physiological and pathological processes. Materials. Bone replacements are widely used in the reconstruction of bone defects. The optimal characteristics of these materials are biocompatibility, bioinertness, biofunctionality and a special canalicular and intercanalicular system. Alloplastic bone replacements are inorganic, synthetic, biocompatible and bioactive bone replacements with osteoinductive potential. Hydroxyapatite is a preparation based on calcium phosphate. It has high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and good osteoconductive characteristics. Poor properties are poor mechanical resistance as well as a low degree of resorption. Therefore, the research of chemically modified hydroxyapatites containing different ions was started. Conclusion. Calcium ions can be replaced by various metal ions like cobalt, aluminum, nickel, manganese, chromium, copper in a liquid medium.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71195964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The quality of nutrition in the Serbian system of public preschool institutions from the perspective of parents, nurses and preschool educators 从家长、护士和学前教育工作者的角度分析塞尔维亚公立学前教育机构的营养质量
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-40455
Marija Marković, Zorica Stanisavljević-Petrović, Anastasija Mamutović
Introduction. Preschool children are a particularly sensitive group in need of special care concerning health, safety, food, and nutrition. Furthermore, habits formed at an early age tend to be retained even in adulthood. Therefore, parents as the first educators of their children are responsible for the development of healthy eating habits and the quality of nutrition of preschool children. Also, as children start to attend a preschool institution, the employees in that institution have an equally important role and responsibility in that regard. Aims. The aims of the research were as follows: to ascertain whether parents are satisfied with the quality of children's diet in preschool institutions; to identify the attitudes of preschool teachers and nurses-preschool teachers toward children's nutrition in preschool institutions, the balance between the quality of food in family homes and kindergartens, and to establish various forms of cooperation between families and preschool institutions regarding the development of healthy eating habits in preschool children. Material and Methods. The sample comprised 933 respondents, including 763 parents, 59 nurses, and 111 preschool teachers. The required data were collected by applying an assessment scale in the case of parents, and interviews in the case of nurses and preschool teachers. Results. The majority of respondents are satisfied with the quality of nutrition in kindergartens. Various forms of cooperation between preschool institutions and parents exist to inform parents about the proper nutrition and development of healthy eating habits in children. Conclusion. According to the perceptions of parents and kindergarten employees, the quality of children's nutrition in the system of institutional preschool education is at an enviable level, although there is certainly room for further improvement and work on the development of proper and healthy eating habits in children in kindergarten and at home.
介绍。学龄前儿童是一个特别敏感的群体,需要在健康、安全、食品和营养方面得到特别照顾。此外,小时候形成的习惯往往会在成年后保留下来。因此,父母作为孩子的第一教育者,对学龄前儿童健康饮食习惯的养成和营养质量的提高负有责任。此外,当孩子们开始进入学前教育机构时,该机构的员工在这方面也有同样重要的作用和责任。目标本研究的目的是:了解家长对学前机构儿童饮食质量的满意程度;了解幼儿教师和护师—幼师对学前机构儿童营养、家庭家庭与幼儿园食物质量平衡的态度,建立家庭与学前机构在培养学前儿童健康饮食习惯方面的多种合作形式。材料和方法。调查对象共933人,其中家长763人,护士59人,幼儿教师111人。对家长采用评估量表,对护士和幼儿教师采用访谈法收集所需数据。结果。大多数受访者对幼儿园的营养质量感到满意。学前教育机构和家长之间存在着各种形式的合作,向家长宣传儿童的适当营养和健康饮食习惯的养成。结论。根据家长和幼儿园员工的看法,机构学前教育系统中儿童的营养质量处于令人羡慕的水平,尽管在幼儿园和家庭中儿童适当健康饮食习惯的发展方面肯定有进一步改进和工作的空间。
{"title":"The quality of nutrition in the Serbian system of public preschool institutions from the perspective of parents, nurses and preschool educators","authors":"Marija Marković, Zorica Stanisavljević-Petrović, Anastasija Mamutović","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-40455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-40455","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Preschool children are a particularly sensitive group in need of special care concerning health, safety, food, and nutrition. Furthermore, habits formed at an early age tend to be retained even in adulthood. Therefore, parents as the first educators of their children are responsible for the development of healthy eating habits and the quality of nutrition of preschool children. Also, as children start to attend a preschool institution, the employees in that institution have an equally important role and responsibility in that regard. Aims. The aims of the research were as follows: to ascertain whether parents are satisfied with the quality of children's diet in preschool institutions; to identify the attitudes of preschool teachers and nurses-preschool teachers toward children's nutrition in preschool institutions, the balance between the quality of food in family homes and kindergartens, and to establish various forms of cooperation between families and preschool institutions regarding the development of healthy eating habits in preschool children. Material and Methods. The sample comprised 933 respondents, including 763 parents, 59 nurses, and 111 preschool teachers. The required data were collected by applying an assessment scale in the case of parents, and interviews in the case of nurses and preschool teachers. Results. The majority of respondents are satisfied with the quality of nutrition in kindergartens. Various forms of cooperation between preschool institutions and parents exist to inform parents about the proper nutrition and development of healthy eating habits in children. Conclusion. According to the perceptions of parents and kindergarten employees, the quality of children's nutrition in the system of institutional preschool education is at an enviable level, although there is certainly room for further improvement and work on the development of proper and healthy eating habits in children in kindergarten and at home.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fecal calprotectin: A marker of Crohn's disease activity 粪钙保护蛋白:克罗恩病活动性的标志
IF 0.2 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-39534
Mladen Maksic, Tijana Veljković, M. Cvetković, Marija Markovic, Saša Perić, O. Marinković, N. Zdravković
Introduction. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with periods of remission and exacerbation. Numerous studies have been conducted in order to identify the ideal marker when it comes to the inflammatory bowel diseases. In the literature, fecal calprotectin is mentioned as a marker of inflammation. Elevated levels of calprotectin can be detected in stool and they indicate the migration of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa that occurs with intestinal inflammation. The aim. The main goal of this study was to examine the concentration of fecal calprotectin and CRP depending on the clinical, endoscopic and histological characteristics of patients with Crohn's disease and whether there is a correlation of these markers with disease activity. Methods. The research was conducted in the period from January 2015 to January 2016. The study included subjects who had been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The study involved 45 respondents, aged 20 - 58 years. All subjects included in the study underwent a colonoscopic examination with biopsy and pathohistological analysis. Fecal calprotectin was determined in one stool sample in all subjects, and that was done quantitatively by a commercial ELISA assay. Determination of serum CRP concentrations was performed in the Central Biochemical Laboratory by standard methods. Results. Fecal concentrations of calprotectin are elevated in all three forms of the disease, while they are significantly higher in moderately severe (545 vs. 218, p ˂ 0.001) and severe forms of the disease (1000 vs. 218, p ˂ 0.001) compared to the mild form. Fecal concentrations of calprotectin are significantly higher at endoscopic grade 3 compared to the other three endoscopic grades (765.3 vs. 314, p ˂ 0.001), (765.3 vs. 392.8, p ˂ 0.001), (765.3 vs. 448.2, p ˂ 0.001). Fecal concentrations of calprotectin are significantly higher in extensive pathological findings compared to normal epithelial surface (1000 vs. 21, p ˂ 0.001) as well as in extensive pathological findings compared to focal pathological findings (1000 vs. 309, p ˂ 0.001). Conclusion. The more severe form of clinical disease activity is accompanied by higher fecal values of calprotectin and higher endoscopic grade, and a more severe histological grade of disease is accompanied by higher fecal values of calprotectin.
介绍。克罗恩病(CD)是一种慢性炎症性肠病(IBD),有缓解期和加重期。为了确定炎症性肠病的理想标志物,已经进行了大量的研究。在文献中,粪便钙保护蛋白被认为是炎症的标志。在粪便中可以检测到钙保护蛋白水平升高,这表明中性粒细胞迁移到肠道黏膜,发生肠道炎症。的目标。本研究的主要目的是检查粪便钙保护蛋白和CRP的浓度取决于克罗恩病患者的临床、内镜和组织学特征,以及这些标志物与疾病活动性是否存在相关性。方法。研究时间为2015年1月至2016年1月。该研究包括被诊断患有克罗恩病的受试者。这项研究涉及45名年龄在20 - 58岁之间的受访者。所有纳入研究的受试者均进行了结肠镜检查、活检和病理组织学分析。在所有受试者的一个粪便样本中测定粪钙保护蛋白,并通过商业ELISA定量测定。血清CRP浓度测定在中央生化实验室按标准方法进行。结果。在所有三种形式的疾病中,粪便钙保护蛋白浓度都升高,而在中重度(545 vs. 218, p小于0.001)和重度(1000 vs. 218, p小于0.001)的疾病中,粪便钙保护蛋白浓度明显高于轻度形式。内镜下3级的粪便钙保护蛋白浓度明显高于其他3级(765.3 vs. 314, p小于0.001),(765.3 vs. 392.8, p小于0.001),(765.3 vs. 448.2, p小于0.001)。与正常上皮表面相比,广泛病理结果中的粪便钙保护蛋白浓度明显更高(1000 vs. 21, p小于0.001),广泛病理结果中的粪便钙保护蛋白浓度也明显高于局灶性病理结果(1000 vs. 309, p小于0.001)。结论。更严重的临床疾病活动形式伴随着更高的钙保护蛋白粪便值和更高的内镜分级,更严重的疾病组织学分级伴随着更高的钙保护蛋白粪便值。
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Is the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection? 强制和长期住院隔离的行为是导致COVID-19确诊感染者精神健康受损的风险因素吗?
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/afmnai40-41369
Marina Malobabić, Jelena Stojanov, Goran Stanojević, Miloš Stević, Vuk Milošević, Aleksandar Stojanov
Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects mental health. Our study aimed to investigate whether the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. A mixed survey-based cross-sectional study included 300 COVID-19 patients who filled Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21), a 36-item health survey of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36), Insomnia Severity Scale (ISS), Impact of Event Scale (IES) with two subscales -Intrusion (IES-I) and Avoidance (IES-AS), and a questionnaire designed for research purposes. Results. Lower scores on IES-AS, higher scores on IES-I, and in-hospital quarantine are good predictors of high results on the Stress subscale. In-hospital quarantine, lower IES-AS scores, higher IES-I scores, and male gender are significant predictors of higher scores on the Depression subscale. Also, higher scores on IES-I as well as in-hospital quarantine are significant predictors of higher scores on the Anxiety subscale. The presence of insomnia was more pronounced in in-hospital quarantined individuals, while the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were nearly twice as pronounced. Conclusion. Mandatory in-hospital quarantine of individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health.
背景。2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)影响心理健康。我们的研究旨在调查强制性和长期住院隔离行为是否是COVID-19确诊感染者心理健康受损的一个危险因素。材料和方法。一项基于混合调查的横断面研究包括300名填写抑郁、焦虑和压力量表21 (DASS-21)的COVID-19患者,一份36项的医疗结果研究简短表(SF-36)健康调查,失眠严重程度量表(ISS),事件影响量表(IES)(两个子量表-入侵(IES- i)和回避(IES- as),以及一份为研究目的而设计的问卷。结果。较低的IES-AS分数,较高的IES-I分数和住院隔离是压力子量表高结果的良好预测因子。住院隔离、较低的IES-AS评分、较高的IES-I评分和男性性别是抑郁分量表较高得分的显著预测因子。此外,IES-I得分较高以及住院隔离是焦虑子量表得分较高的重要预测因素。在住院隔离的个体中,失眠的存在更为明显,而压力、焦虑和抑郁的水平几乎是其两倍。结论。对确诊的COVID-19感染者进行强制住院隔离是导致精神健康受损的一个风险因素。
{"title":"Is the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection?","authors":"Marina Malobabić, Jelena Stojanov, Goran Stanojević, Miloš Stević, Vuk Milošević, Aleksandar Stojanov","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-41369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-41369","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects mental health. Our study aimed to investigate whether the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. A mixed survey-based cross-sectional study included 300 COVID-19 patients who filled Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21), a 36-item health survey of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36), Insomnia Severity Scale (ISS), Impact of Event Scale (IES) with two subscales -Intrusion (IES-I) and Avoidance (IES-AS), and a questionnaire designed for research purposes. Results. Lower scores on IES-AS, higher scores on IES-I, and in-hospital quarantine are good predictors of high results on the Stress subscale. In-hospital quarantine, lower IES-AS scores, higher IES-I scores, and male gender are significant predictors of higher scores on the Depression subscale. Also, higher scores on IES-I as well as in-hospital quarantine are significant predictors of higher scores on the Anxiety subscale. The presence of insomnia was more pronounced in in-hospital quarantined individuals, while the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were nearly twice as pronounced. Conclusion. Mandatory in-hospital quarantine of individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135612086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis
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