Nano-Micro Letters最新文献

英文中文

Dynamic Network- and Microcellular Architecture-Driven Biomass Elastomer toward Sustainable and Versatile Soft Electronics 动态网络和微细胞结构驱动的生物质弹性体向可持续和通用软电子

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01942-7

Shanqiu Liu, Yi Shen, Yizhen Li, Yunjie Mo, Enze Yu, Taotao Ge, Ping Li, Jingguo Li

Conductive elastomers combining micromechanical sensitivity, lightweight adaptability, and environmental sustainability are critically needed for advanced flexible electronics requiring precise responsiveness and long-term wearability; however, the integration of these properties remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a biomass-derived conductive elastomer featuring a rationally engineered dynamic crosslinked network integrated with a tunable microporous architecture. This structural design imparts pronounced micromechanical sensitivity, an ultralow density (~ 0.25 g cm⁻³), and superior mechanical compliance for adaptive deformation. Moreover, the unique micro-spring effect derived from the porous architecture ensures exceptional stretchability (> 500% elongation at break) and superior resilience, delivering immediate and stable electrical response under both subtle (< 1%) and large (> 200%) mechanical stimuli. Intrinsic dynamic interactions endow the elastomer with efficient room temperature self-healing and complete recyclability without compromising performance. First-principles simulations clarify the mechanisms behind micropore formation and the resulting functionality. Beyond its facile and mild fabrication process, this work establishes a scalable route toward high-performance, sustainable conductive elastomers tailored for next-generation soft electronics.

导电弹性体结合了微机械灵敏度、轻量化适应性和环境可持续性，对于需要精确响应和长期可穿戴性的先进柔性电子产品至关重要；然而，这些属性的集成仍然是一个重大挑战。在这里，我们提出了一种生物质衍生的导电弹性体，具有合理设计的动态交联网络和可调微孔结构。这种结构设计赋予了显著的微机械灵敏度，超低密度（~ 0.25 g cm−3），以及对自适应变形的优越机械顺应性。此外，独特的微弹簧效应源自多孔结构，确保了卓越的拉伸性（断裂伸长率>； 500%）和卓越的回弹性，在微小（< 1%）和大（> 200%）的机械刺激下都能提供即时和稳定的电响应。固有的动态相互作用使弹性体具有高效的室温自愈性和完全的可回收性，而不影响性能。第一性原理模拟阐明了微孔形成背后的机制和由此产生的功能。除了其简单和温和的制造工艺外，这项工作还为下一代软电子产品量身定制了高性能，可持续的导电弹性体。

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引用次数: 0

Superhydrated Zwitterionic Hydrogel with Dedicated Water Channels Enables Nonfouling Solar Desalination 具有专用通道的超水合两性离子水凝胶使无污染的太阳能海水淡化成为可能。

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01937-4

Panpan Zhang, Hanxue Liang, Yawei Du, Haiyang Wang, Yaqi Tian, Jingtao Bi, Lei Wang, Zhiyuan Guo, Jing Wang, Zhi-Yong Ji, Liangti Qu

Solar-driven interfacial desalination (SID) offers a sustainable route for freshwater production, yet its long-term performance is compromised by salt crystallization and microbial fouling under complex marine conditions. Zwitterionic polymers offer promising nonfouling capabilities, but current zwitterionic hydrogel-based solar evaporators (HSEs) suffer from inadequate hydration and salt vulnerability. Inspired by the natural marine environmental adaptive characteristics of saltwater fish, we report a superhydrated zwitterionic poly(trimethylamine N-oxide, PTMAO)/polyacrylamide (PAAm)/polypyrrole (PPy) hydrogel (PTAP) with dedicated water channels for efficient, durable, and nonfouling SID. The directly linked N⁺ and O⁻ groups in PTMAO establish a robust hydration shell that facilitates rapid water transport while resisting salt and microbial adhesion. Integrated PAAm and PPy networks enhance mechanical strength and photothermal conversion. PTAP achieves a high evaporation rate of 2.35 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under 1 kW m^–2 in 10 wt% NaCl solution, maintaining stable operation over 100 h without salt accumulation. Furthermore, PTAP effectively resists various foulants including proteins, bacterial, and algal adhesion. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the exceptional hydration capacity supports its nonfouling properties. This work advances the development of nonfouling HSEs for sustainable solar desalination in real-world marine environments.

太阳能驱动界面海水淡化（SID）为淡水生产提供了一条可持续的途径，但在复杂的海洋条件下，其长期性能受到盐结晶和微生物污染的影响。两性离子聚合物具有良好的防污性能，但目前基于两性离子水凝胶的太阳能蒸发器（HSEs）存在水合性不足和耐盐性不足的问题。受咸水鱼类自然海洋环境适应特性的启发，我们报道了一种具有专用水道的超水合两性离子聚（三甲胺n -氧化物，PTMAO）/聚丙烯酰胺(PAAm)/聚吡咯（PPy）水凝胶（PTAP），用于高效、耐用和无污染的SID。PTMAO中直接相连的N +和O -毒合组建立了一个坚固的水合壳，促进了水的快速输送，同时抵抗了盐和微生物的粘附。集成PAAm和PPy网络提高机械强度和光热转换。在10 wt% NaCl溶液中，在1 kW m-2条件下，PTAP的蒸发速率高达2.35 kg m-2 h-1，在100 h内保持稳定运行，无盐积累。此外，PTAP还能有效抵抗各种污染物，包括蛋白质、细菌和藻类的粘附。分子动力学模拟表明，其特殊的水合能力支持其不受污染的特性。这项工作推进了在现实海洋环境中用于可持续太阳能脱盐的无污染hse的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Scalable and Healable Gradient Textiles for Multi-Scenario Radiative Cooling via Bicomponent Blow Spinning 可扩展和可修复的梯度纺织品的多场景辐射冷却通过双组分吹纺

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01947-2

Baiyu Ji, Yufeng Wang, Ying Liu, Yongxu Zhao, Fankun Xu, Jian Huang, Yue-E. Miao, Chao Zhang, Tianxi Liu

Highlights

An ultra-flexible and gradient-structured textile is fabricated through bicomponent blow spinning, enabling the scalable production and in situ healing of the textile.
The gradient in fiber diameter of this textile creates a hierarchically porous structure in the region exposed to sunlight, resulting in a solar reflectivity of 98.7% on its outer surface.
The gradient in the chemical composition of this textile exhibits asymmetric spectral selectivity, wherein the outer surface offers high mid-infrared emissivity while the inner surface enables efficient radiative heat exchange.
The gradient textile demonstrates multi-scenario radiative cooling capabilities, enabling simultaneous cooling for unheated and self-heated outdoor objects.

采用双组分吹纺技术制备了超柔性梯度结构纺织品，实现了纺织品的规模化生产和原位修复。这种纺织品纤维直径的梯度在暴露在阳光下的区域产生了分层多孔结构，导致其外表面的太阳反射率达到98.7%。这种纺织品化学成分的梯度表现出不对称的光谱选择性，其中外表面提供高的中红外发射率，而内表面则能够进行有效的辐射热交换。梯度纺织品展示了多场景辐射冷却能力，可以同时冷却未加热和自加热的室外物体。

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引用次数: 0

In-Operando X-Ray Imaging for Sobering Examination of Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries 水溶液锌金属电池清醒检查的操作中x射线成像。

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01911-0

Yuhang Dai, Hongzhen He, Mengzheng Ouyang, Jianuo Chen, Jie Lin, Haobo Dong, Guanjie He

Aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) face significant challenges in achieving reversibility and cycling stability, primarily due to hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and zinc dendrite growth. In this study, by employing carefully designed cells that approximate the structural characteristics of practical batteries, we revisit this widely held view through in-operando X-ray radiography to examine zinc dendrite formation and HER under near-practical operating conditions. While conventional understanding emphasizes the severity of these processes, our findings suggest that zinc dendrites and HER are noticeably less pronounced in dense, real-operation configurations compared to modified cells, possibly due to a more uniform electric field and the suppression of triple-phase boundaries. This study indicates that other components, such as degradation at the cathode current collector interface and configuration mismatches within the full cell, may also represent important barriers to the practical application of AZMBs, particularly during the early stages of electrodeposition.

Graphical Abstract

水锌金属电池（azmb）在实现可逆性和循环稳定性方面面临重大挑战，主要是由于析氢反应（HER）和锌枝晶生长。在本研究中，通过采用精心设计的电池，接近实际电池的结构特征，我们重新审视了这一广泛持有的观点，通过手术中x射线摄影检查锌枝晶形成和接近实际操作条件下的HER。虽然传统的理解强调了这些过程的严重性，但我们的研究结果表明，与修饰细胞相比，锌枝晶和HER在致密的实际操作配置中明显不那么明显，这可能是由于更均匀的电场和三相边界的抑制。这项研究表明，其他组件，如阴极集流器界面的退化和全电池内的配置不匹配，也可能是azmb实际应用的重要障碍，特别是在电沉积的早期阶段。

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引用次数: 0

Lignocellulose-Mediated Gel Polymer Electrolytes Toward Next-Generation Energy Storage 木质纤维素介导的凝胶聚合物电解质用于下一代储能

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01927-6

Hongbin Yang, Liyu Zhu, Wei Li, Yinjiao Tang, Xiaomin Li, Ting Xu, Kun Liu, Chuanling Si

Highlights

The latest strategies for the construction of lignocellulose-mediated gel polymer electrolytes are summarized.
The great potential of macroscopic preparation processes and microstructural design of lignocellulose-mediated gel polymer electrolytes are summarized.
The excellent suitability of the physicochemical structure of lignocellulosic gel electrolytes and energy storage applications is summarized.

追求高能量密度和可持续的储能装置一直是许多研究人员的目标。然而，传统液体电解质易泄漏和易燃性，以及液体电解质中不可控枝晶生长导致的性能下降等安全问题一直限制着储能装置的进一步发展。在这方面，基于木质纤维素（纤维素、半纤维素、木质素）的凝胶聚合物电解质（GPEs）由于其高热稳定性、优异的电解质润湿性和天然丰度而引起了人们的极大兴趣。因此，在这篇批判性的综述中，全面概述了gpe目前面临的挑战，然后详细描述了木质纤维素材料用于制造用于储能装置的gpe的机会和优势。值得注意的是，本文首次从木质纤维素的角度分析和讨论了用于储能的gpe的关键性能和相应的构建策略。此外，对木质纤维素介导的gpe在储能应用中的未来挑战和前景也进行了批判性的回顾和讨论。我们真诚地希望这一综述能够促进木质纤维素介导的gpe在储能方面的进一步研究，并为设计先进的gpe策略提供有意义的方向。

引用次数: 0

Ultrafast Laser Shock Straining in Chiral Chain 2D Materials: Mold Topology-Controlled Anisotropic Deformation 手链二维材料的超快激光冲击应变：模具拓扑控制的各向异性变形。

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01925-8

Xingtao Liu, Danilo de Camargo Branco, Licong An, Mingyi Wang, Haoqing Jiang, Ruoxing Wang, Wenzhuo Wu, Gary J. Cheng

Highlights

Realized ultrafast laser shock imprinting on chiral chain tellurene: Reveals crystallographic orientation-dependent deformation in 2D tellurium via laser shock imprinting.
Dual deformation regimes: Identifies two distinct strain response modes—parallel strain enables chain gliding and rotation, while transverse strain induces multimodal shear-driven deformations, dramatically altering lattice structure and properties.
Mold topology enabled strain localization and single-crystal retention—sharp edges generate localized shear, forming dislocations more effectively than smooth molds. Asymmetric strain achieves dense deformation while preserving single-crystal zones, enabling precise optoelectronic nanostructuring.

碲是一种具有窄带隙和特殊应变敏感性的手性链半导体，是通过应变工程定制电子和光电子特性的关键材料。本研究阐明了二维碲（Te）的超快激光冲击印迹（LSI）的基本机制，建立了应变场取向、模具拓扑和各向异性结构演化之间的直接关系。这是超快大规模集成电路在手性链上的首次展示，揭示了取向敏感的位错网络。通过应用平行或横向控制应变场的螺旋链，我们发现两种不同的变形制度。与链方向平行的应变引起由弱链间相互作用控制的滑动和旋转，保留共价链内键和振动模式。相反，横向应变驱动剪切介导的多模态变形——拉伸、压缩和弯曲——导致显著的晶格畸变和电子特性调制。我们发现模具拓扑结构对变形的关键作用：锋利边缘的光栅产生局部剪切力，超过光滑CD模具均匀应变场产生的剪切力，引发位错缠结形成、晶格重定向和不均匀塑性变形。不对称的应变配置可以实现局部结构转换，同时保持相邻区域的单晶完整性，这是功能器件集成必不可少的平衡。这些见解将LSI定位为纳米级应变工程的精密工具，能够在不影响结晶度的情况下雕刻2D材料形态。通过将超快力学与手性链材料科学相结合，本研究推进了下一代电子和光电子器件应变可调器件的设计，同时建立了在极端应变速率下操纵各向异性二维系统的通用框架。这项工作发现了2D Te中晶体取向依赖的变形机制，将平行应变与链滑动和横向应变与剪切驱动的多模态变形联系起来。它展示了模具几何作为应变局部化和位错动力学的关键杠杆，具有锋利边缘的光栅，可以前所未有地控制晶格重定向。至关重要的是，识别能够调和严重塑性变形和单晶保留的应变场条件，为功能纳米结构制造提供了一条途径，重新定义了LSI在手性链材料的超快应变工程中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

An Emerging Liquid-Crystalline Conducting Polymer Thermoelectrics: Opportunities and Challenges 新兴的液晶导电聚合物热电材料：机遇与挑战

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01916-9

Zhenqiang Ye, Mingdong Zhang, Junyang Deng, Lirong Liang, Chunyu Du, Guangming Chen

Highlights

Poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene) (PBTTT) synthesis and main strategies to enhance its thermoelectric performance (including doping, composite engineering and aggregation state controlling) are comprehensively reviewed.
The thermoelectric performances of PBTTT-related materials are systematically summarized and compared.
Future opportunities of PBTTT thermoelectric performance enhancement and effective utilization of its unique melt processibility in multiscale regulation, composite and hybrid, and processing technology innovation are outlooked.

综述了聚（2,5-双（3-烷基噻吩-2-基）噻吩[3,2-b]噻吩）（PBTTT）的合成及其提高其热电性能的主要策略（包括掺杂、复合工程和聚集态控制）。对pbttt相关材料的热电性能进行了系统的总结和比较。展望了今后提高PBTTT热电性能和有效利用其独特的熔体工艺性在多尺度调节、复合与混合、加工技术创新等方面的机遇。

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric Side-Group Engineering of Nonfused Ring Electron Acceptors for High-Efficiency Thick-Film Organic Solar Cells 高效厚膜有机太阳能电池非熔合环电子受体的不对称侧基工程。

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01905-y

Dawei Li, Nan Wei, Ya-Nan Chen, Xiaodong Wang, Xu Han, Ziqing Bian, Xinyuan Zhang, Zhe Zhang, Wenkai Zhang, Xinjun Xu, Cuihong Li, Yahui Liu, Hao Lu, Zhishan Bo

Highlights

The asymmetric side-group strategy was employed to develop a nonfused ring electron acceptor, designated as TT-Ph-C6, exhibiting enhanced solubility and three-dimensional molecular stacking.
Strong π–π interactions optimized blend film morphology, enabling TT-Ph-C6-based devices to achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.01% and FF of 80.10%, surpassing the 16.78% PCE of symmetric-chain 2BTh-2F.
Extended exciton diffusion lengths and accelerated dissociation further endowed TT-Ph-C6 with exceptional thick-film tolerance, delivering 15.18% PCE at 200 nm and 14.64% at 300 nm—among the highest efficiencies reported for non-fused acceptors.

为提高有机太阳能电池（OSCs）的功率转换效率（PCE），合成了一种非熔融环形电子受体（NFREA），命名为TT-Ph-C6。通过整合不对称苯基烷基胺侧基，TT-Ph-C6具有良好的溶解度，晶体结构紧凑，具有三维分子堆叠网络。这些结构属性显著促进激子扩散和载流子迁移率，尤其有利于厚膜器件的制造。基于tt - ph - c6的器件在膜厚为100 nm时的PCE达到18.01%，即使在膜厚为300 nm时，PCE仍保持在14.64%，超过了基于2BTh-2F的器件。这些显著的特性使TT-Ph-C6成为一种非常有前途的NFREA材料，可以提高OSCs的效率。

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引用次数: 0

Micro/Nano-Reconfigurable Robots for Intelligent Carbon Management in Confined-Space Life-Support Systems 微/纳米可重构机器人在受限空间生命支持系统中的智能碳管理。

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01932-9

Wei Lu, Rimei Chen, Lianlong Zhan, Qin Xiang, Renting Huang, Lei Wang, Shuangfei Wang, Hui He

Highlights

The micro/nano-reconfigurable robots for life-support systems were fabricated by CO₂-capturing molecular hunters, temperature-sensitive molecular switches, and solar photothermal conversion/magnetically-driven dual function engines.
The ultralow regeneration temperature (55 °C) and non-contact heat management of robots were achieved through nano-reconfiguration of internal temperature-responsive molecules and micro-reconfiguration of magnetic/photothermal synergy of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles.
Exceptional dynamic carbon management of robots extended the survival time of mice in confined spaces by 54.61%.

战略性地耦合纳米粒子杂化体和内部热敏分子开关，为构建微/纳米级可重构机器人建立了创新范例，促进了密闭空间生命维持系统中节能二氧化碳管理。在此，由CO2分子猎人、温度敏感分子开关、太阳能光热转换和磁驱动功能引擎组成了一个微/纳米可重构机器人。分子猎手在分子延伸状态下，可以捕获6.19 mmol g-1的CO2，生成氨基甲酸和碳酸氢铵。有趣的是，机器人的分子开关激活了一种分子卷曲状态，通过纳米重配置促进二氧化碳的释放，这是由Pluronic F127分子链在光热解吸过程中的温度敏感卷曲介导的。机器人的纳米重构改变了氨基微环境，包括提高氨基的表面静电势和降低总体最低未占据分子轨道能级。这削弱了氨基对吸附产物衍生物的亲核攻击能力，从而抑制了产生难以分解尿素结构的副反应，实现了迄今为止报道的最低再生温度55℃。机器人发动机具有非接触式磁驱动微重构能力，实现高效光热再生，同时避免局部过热。值得注意的是，该机器人成功地将小鼠在密封容器中的生存时间延长了54.61%，有效地解决了密闭空间中的碳窒息问题。这项工作大大增强了深空探索的生命支持系统，同时刺激了陆地极端环境可持续碳管理技术的创新。

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引用次数: 0

“Proton-Iodine” Regulation of Protonated Polyaniline Catalyst for High-Performance Electrolytic Zn-I2 Batteries 高性能电解Zn-I2电池质子化聚苯胺催化剂的“质子-碘”调控

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01928-5

Mengyao Liu, Kovan Khasraw Abdalla, Meng Xu, Xueqian Li, Runze Wang, Qi Li, Xiaoru Zhang, Yanan Lv, Yueyang Wang, Xiaoming Sun, Yi Zhao

Highlights

A three-dimensional polyaniline wrapped by carboxyl-carbon nanotubes (denoted as C-PANI) is designed as a catalytic cathode to effectively boost direct I⁰/I⁻ conversion for improved Zn-I₂ batteries.
Carboxyl-carbon nanotubes serve as a proton reservoir for more protonated –NH⁺ = sites in PANI chains, achieving “proton-iodine” regulation for suppressed polyiodide shuttling and Zn corrosion.
Electrolytic Zn-I₂ battery with C-PANI cathode exhibits an impressive capacity of 420 mAh g⁻¹ and ultra-long lifespan over 40,000 cycles.

设计了一种由羧基碳纳米管包裹的三维聚苯胺（表示为C-PANI）作为催化阴极，有效地促进了改进Zn-I2电池的直接I0/I−转换。羧基碳纳米管为聚苯胺链中更多质子化的-NH + =位点提供了质子库，实现了“质子-碘”调节，抑制了聚碘化物的穿梭和锌的腐蚀。具有c -聚苯胺阴极的电解锌- i2电池具有令人印象深刻的420 mAh g - 1容量和超过40,000次循环的超长寿命。

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引用次数: 0

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