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Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Enabled by Tailoring Additive Distribution According to the Film Growth Dynamics 根据薄膜生长动力学调整添加剂分布,实现高效稳定的 Perovskite 太阳能电池和组件
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01538-7
Mengen Ma, Cuiling Zhang, Yujiao Ma, Weile Li, Yao Wang, Shaohang Wu, Chong Liu, Yaohua Mai

Gas quenching and vacuum quenching process are widely applied to accelerate solvent volatilization to induce nucleation of perovskites in blade-coating method. In this work, we found these two pre-crystallization processes lead to different order of crystallization dynamics within the perovskite thin film, resulting in the differences of additive distribution. We then tailor-designed an additive molecule named 1,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea to obtain films with fewer defects and holes at the buried interface, and prepared perovskite solar cells with a certified efficiency of 23.75%. Furthermore, this work also demonstrates an efficiency of 20.18% for the large-area perovskite solar module (PSM) with an aperture area of 60.84 cm2. The PSM possesses remarkable continuous operation stability for maximum power point tracking of T90 > 1000 h in ambient air.

气体淬火和真空淬火工艺被广泛应用于刀片镀膜法中加速溶剂挥发以诱导包晶成核。在这项工作中,我们发现这两种预结晶过程会导致包晶体薄膜内部结晶动力学顺序的不同,从而导致添加剂分布的差异。随后,我们定制设计了一种名为 1,3-双(4-甲氧基苯基)硫脲的添加剂分子,以获得埋藏界面上缺陷和空穴较少的薄膜,并制备出认证效率为 23.75% 的过氧化物太阳能电池。此外,这项工作还证明了孔径面积为 60.84 平方厘米的大面积过氧化物太阳能模块(PSM)的效率为 20.18%。PSM 在环境空气中的最大功率点跟踪时间为 T90 > 1000 小时,具有出色的连续运行稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Porous Organic Cage-Based Quasi-Solid-State Electrolyte with Cavity-Induced Anion-Trapping Effect for Long-Life Lithium Metal Batteries 具有空穴诱导阴离子捕获效应的多孔有机笼型准固态电解质用于长寿命锂金属电池
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01499-x
Wei-Min Qin, Zhongliang Li, Wen-Xia Su, Jia-Min Hu, Hanqin Zou, Zhixuan Wu, Zhiqin Ruan, Yue-Peng Cai, Kang Li, Qifeng Zheng

Porous organic cages (POCs) with permanent porosity and excellent host–guest property hold great potentials in regulating ion transport behavior, yet their feasibility as solid-state electrolytes has never been testified in a practical battery. Herein, we design and fabricate a quasi-solid-state electrolyte (QSSE) based on a POC to enable the stable operation of Li-metal batteries (LMBs). Benefiting from the ordered channels and cavity-induced anion-trapping effect of POC, the resulting POC-based QSSE exhibits a high Li+ transference number of 0.67 and a high ionic conductivity of 1.25 × 10−4 S cm−1 with a low activation energy of 0.17 eV. These allow for homogeneous Li deposition and highly reversible Li plating/stripping for over 2000 h. As a proof of concept, the LMB assembled with POC-based QSSE demonstrates extremely stable cycling performance with 85% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. Therefore, our work demonstrates the practical applicability of POC as SSEs for LMBs and could be extended to other energy-storage systems, such as Na and K batteries.

多孔有机笼(POC)具有永久多孔性和优异的主客体特性,在调节离子传输行为方面具有巨大潜力,但其作为固态电解质的可行性尚未在实际电池中得到验证。在此,我们设计并制造了一种基于 POC 的准固态电解质(QSSE),以实现锂金属电池(LMB)的稳定运行。得益于 POC 的有序通道和空穴诱导的阴离子捕获效应,所制备的基于 POC 的 QSSE 具有 0.67 的高锂离子转移数和 1.25 × 10-4 S cm-1 的高离子电导率,且活化能低至 0.17 eV。作为概念验证,使用基于 POC 的 QSSE 组装的 LMB 表现出极其稳定的循环性能,1000 次循环后容量保持率达 85%。因此,我们的工作证明了 POC 作为 LMB 的 SSE 的实际适用性,并可扩展到其他储能系统,如 Na 和 K 电池。
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引用次数: 0
An Unprecedented Efficiency with Approaching 21% Enabled by Additive-Assisted Layer-by-Layer Processing in Organic Solar Cells 在有机太阳能电池中采用添加剂辅助逐层加工技术,实现前所未有的接近 21% 的效率
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01529-8
Shuai Xu, Youdi Zhang, Yanna Sun, Pei Cheng, Zhaoyang Yao, Ning Li, Long Ye, Lijian Zuo, Ke Gao

Highlights

  • Additive-assisted layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition enables organic solar cells to achieve an unprecedented power conversion efficiency of 20.8%, the highest efficiency to date.

  • The gradient fibrillar morphology enabled by additive-assisted LBL processing promotes the formation of bulk p-i-n structure, improving exciton and carrier diffusion, and reducing recombination losses.

  • The wrinkle pattern morphology achieved by additive-assisted LBL processing is constructed to enhance the light capture capability.

添加剂辅助逐层沉积(LBL)使有机太阳能电池的功率转换效率达到前所未有的 20.8%,这是迄今为止的最高效率。添加剂辅助逐层沉积加工所实现的梯度纤维状形态促进了块状 pi-n 结构的形成,改善了激子和载流子的扩散,降低了重组损耗。
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引用次数: 0
MoS2 Lubricate-Toughened MXene/ANF Composites for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding 用于多功能电磁干扰屏蔽的 MoS2 润滑增韧 MXene/ANF 复合材料。
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01496-0
Jiaen Wang, Wei Ming, Longfu Chen, Tianliang Song, Moxi Yele, Hao Zhang, Long Yang, Gegen Sarula, Benliang Liang, Luting Yan, Guangsheng Wang

Highlights

  • The introduction of MoS2 generates a “kill three birds with one stone” effect to the original binary MXene/ANF system: lubrication toughening mechanical performance; reduction in secondary reflection pollution of electromagnetic wave; and improvement in the performance of photothermal conversion.

  • After the introduction of MoS2 into MXene/ANF (60:40), the strain and toughness were increased by 53.5% (from 18.3% to 28.1%) and 61.7% (from 8.9 to 14.5 MJ m−3), respectively. Fortunately, the SER decreases by 22.4%, and the photothermal conversion performance was increased by 22.2% from ~ 45 to ~ 55 °C.

要解决电磁污染问题,当务之急是设计和制造反射率较低的高韧性电磁干扰(EMI)屏蔽复合薄膜。在二元 MXene/ANF 复合材料体系中引入 MoS2 后,制备出了具有珍珠层状结构的三元 MXene/ANF(芳纶纳米纤维)-MoS2 复合薄膜。MoS2 的引入起到了令人印象深刻的 "一石三鸟 "的改善效果:润滑增韧机械性能、减少电磁波二次反射污染、改善光热转换性能。在二元 MXene/ANF(质量比为 50:50)中引入 MoS2 后,破坏应变和拉伸强度分别从 22.1 ± 1.7% 和 105.7 ± 6.4 MPa 提高到 25.8 ± 0.7% 和 167.3 ± 9.1 MPa。韧性从 13.0 ± 4.1 MJ m-3 (约 102.3%)同时提高到 26.3 ± 0.8 MJ m-3。而 MXene/ANF(质量比为 50:50)的反射屏蔽效能(SER)下降了 ~ 10.8%。在二元 MXene/ANF(质量比为 60:40)中引入 MoS2 后,失效应变从 18.3 ± 1.9% 增加到 28.1 ± 0.7% (约 53.5%),SER 降低了约 22.2%,相应的 EMI SE 为 43.9 dB。MoS2 还带来了更高效的光热转换性能(约 45 至约 55 °C)。此外,MXene/ANF-MoS2 复合薄膜还具有优异的电热性能、快速升温(15 秒)、出色的循环稳定性(2、2.5 和 3 V)和长期稳定性(2520 秒)。结合高 MXene 含量带来的优异机械性能、电热性能和光热转换性能,EMI 屏蔽三元 MXene/ANF-MoS2 复合薄膜可应用于许多工业领域。这项研究拓宽了如何在高功能填料的情况下实现复合材料机械性能和多功能性之间的平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Structure Tailoring of Organic Spacers for High-Performance Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells 为高性能 Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite 太阳能电池定制有机间隔物的分子结构
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01500-7
Pengyun Liu, Xuejin Li, Tonghui Cai, Wei Xing, Naitao Yang, Hamidreza Arandiyan, Zongping Shao, Shaobin Wang, Shaomin Liu

Highlights

  • Organic spacers in Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskites play a vital role in tuning crystallization, charge transport and photovoltaic performance for RP perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

  • Fundamental understanding of the functions of molecular structure of organic spacers is the prerequisite to design high-performance PSCs.

  • This review proposes practical design strategies in seeking RP molecular structure to maximize its photovoltaic performance for PSCs.

本综述提出了一些实用的设计策略,以寻求 RP 分子结构,从而最大限度地提高 PSC 的光电性能。
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引用次数: 0
Flexible Graphene Field-Effect Transistors and Their Application in Flexible Biomedical Sensing 柔性石墨烯场效应晶体管及其在柔性生物医学传感中的应用。
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01534-x
Mingyuan Sun, Shuai Wang, Yanbo Liang, Chao Wang, Yunhong Zhang, Hong Liu, Yu Zhang, Lin Han

Highlights

  • The review provides a brief overview of the basic structure, operating mechanism, and key performance indicators of flexible graphene field-effect transistors.

  • The review details the preparation strategy of flexible graphene field-effect transistors focusing on material selection and patterning techniques.

  • The review analyzes the latest strategies for developing wearable and implantable flexible biomedical sensors based on flexible graphene field-effect transistors.

柔性电子产品正在改变我们的生活,使日常活动更加便捷。场效应晶体管(FET)是这一创新的核心,因其高效的信号处理、纳米级制造、低功耗、快速响应时间和多功能性而备受推崇。石墨烯以其优异的机械性能、高电子迁移率和生物相容性而著称,是场效应晶体管通道和传感器的理想材料。石墨烯与场效应晶体管的结合催生了柔性石墨烯场效应晶体管(FGFET),推动了柔性电子技术的重大进展,并引发了人们对柔性生物医学传感器的浓厚兴趣。在此,我们首先简要介绍了 FGFET 的基本结构、工作机制和评估参数,并深入探讨了其材料选择和图案化技术。FGFET 能够感应应变和生物分子电荷,这为其应用提供了多种可能性。我们特别分析了将 FGFET 集成到可穿戴和植入式柔性生物医学传感器中的最新策略,重点关注构建高质量柔性生物医学传感器的关键环节。最后,我们讨论了 FGFET 及其在生物医学传感器中的应用目前面临的挑战和前景。这篇综述将为正在进行的研究提供有价值的见解和启发,以提高 FGFET 的质量并拓宽其在柔性生物医学传感中的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
High Fe-Loading Single-Atom Catalyst Boosts ROS Production by Density Effect for Efficient Antibacterial Therapy 高载铁单原子催化剂通过密度效应促进 ROS 生成,实现高效抗菌疗法
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01522-1
Si Chen, Fang Huang, Lijie Mao, Zhimin Zhang, Han Lin, Qixin Yan, Xiangyu Lu, Jianlin Shi

Highlights

  • Fe single-atom catalysts (h3-FNCs) with high loading, high catalytic activity and high stability were synthesized via a method capable of increasing both the metal loading and mass-specific activity by exchanging zinc with iron.

  • The “density effect,” derived from the sufficiently high density of active sites, has been discovered for the first time, leading to a significant alteration in the intrinsic activity of single-atom metal sites.

  • The superior oxidase-like catalytic performance of h3-FNCs ensures highly effective bacterial eradication.

首次发现了由足够高密度的活性位点所产生的 "密度效应",从而显著改变了单原子金属位点的内在活性。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization Strategies of Na3V2(PO4)3 Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries 钠离子电池用 Na3V2(PO4)3 阴极材料的优化策略
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01526-x
Jiawen Hu, Xinwei Li, Qianqian Liang, Li Xu, Changsheng Ding, Yu Liu, Yanfeng Gao

Highlights

  • Optimization strategies for high-performance Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode material are well summarized and discussed, including carbon coating or modification, foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology design.

  • The foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted, involving the Na, V, and PO43− sites, which include single-site doping, multiple-site doping, single-ion doping and multiple-ion doping.

  • Challenges and future perspectives for high-performance NVP cathode material are presented.

对高性能 Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) 阴极材料的优化策略进行了总结和讨论,包括碳涂层或改性、外来离子掺杂或替代以及纳米结构和形态设计。
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引用次数: 0
Aligned Ion Conduction Pathway of Polyrotaxane-Based Electrolyte with Dispersed Hydrophobic Chains for Solid-State Lithium–Oxygen Batteries 用于固态锂-氧电池的具有分散疏水链的聚氧乙烯基电解质的离子传导路径排列
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01535-w
Bitgaram Kim, Myeong-Chang Sung, Gwang-Hee Lee, Byoungjoon Hwang, Sojung Seo, Ji-Hun Seo, Dong-Wan Kim

Highlights

  • Strategic materials design of polyrotaxane-based electrolytes was suggested by aligning the ion conduction pathways and dispersing hydrophobic chains for solid-state Li–O2 batteries.

  • Owing to intentional design, solid-state Li–O2 battery resulted in stable potential over 300 cycles at 25 °C.

通过调整离子传导路径和分散疏水链,为固态二氧化硫锂电池提出了聚罗他烷基电解质的战略性材料设计建议。
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引用次数: 0
Engineered Cancer Nanovaccines: A New Frontier in Cancer Therapy 工程癌症纳米疫苗:癌症治疗的新领域
IF 26.6 1区 材料科学 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01533-y
Yijie Wang, Congrui Liu, Chao Fang, Qiuxia Peng, Wen Qin, Xuebing Yan, Kun Zhang

Highlights

  • We classified the carriers that built cancer nanovaccines, discussed their diversified applications and coincidently compared their advantages and disadvantages.

  • Various cellular targets that guide the design and engineering of cancer nanovaccines are categorized and their characteristics and benefits are highlighted.

  • The clinical cases and encountered challenges in cancer nanovaccines are discussed, during which reasonable solutions and future research direction are provided.

我们对构建癌症纳米疫苗的载体进行了分类,讨论了它们的多样化应用,并不约而同地比较了它们的优缺点;对指导癌症纳米疫苗设计和工程的各种细胞靶点进行了分类,并强调了它们的特点和优势;讨论了癌症纳米疫苗的临床案例和遇到的挑战,并在此过程中提供了合理的解决方案和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nano-Micro Letters
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