Nano-Micro Letters最新文献

Niobates are promising all-climate Li⁺-storage anode material due to their fast charge transport, large specific capacities, and resistance to electrolyte reaction. However, their moderate unit-cell-volume expansion (generally 5%–10%) during Li⁺ storage causes unsatisfactory long-term cyclability. Here, “zero-strain” NiNb₂O₆ fibers are explored as a new anode material with comprehensively good electrochemical properties. During Li⁺ storage, the expansion of electrochemical inactive NiO₆ octahedra almost fully offsets the shrinkage of active NbO₆ octahedra through reversible O movement. Such superior volume-accommodation capability of the NiO₆ layers guarantees the “zero-strain” behavior of NiNb₂O₆ in a broad temperature range (0.53%//0.51%//0.74% at 25// − 10//60 °C), leading to the excellent cyclability of the NiNb₂O₆ fibers (92.8%//99.2% // 91.1% capacity retention after 1000//2000//1000 cycles at 10C and 25// − 10//60 °C). This NiNb₂O₆ material further exhibits a large reversible capacity (300//184//318 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1C and 25// − 10//60 °C) and outstanding rate performance (10 to 0.5C capacity percentage of 64.3%//50.0%//65.4% at 25// − 10//60 °C). Therefore, the NiNb₂O₆ fibers are especially suitable for large-capacity, fast-charging, long-life, and all-climate lithium-ion batteries.

• Comprehensively reviewed the progress in research on graphene electrode-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) from two dimensions, including precision processing methods of graphene electrodes and applications of TENGs.

• Discussed the various applications of graphene electrode-based TENGs in different scenarios, as well as the ways in which graphene electrodes enhance the performance of TENGs.

• Offered a prospective discussion on the future development of graphene electrode-based TENGs, with the aim of promoting continuous advancements in this field.

• The developmental history of high-entropy materials and the conceptual origin of “high entropy” is comprehensively reviewed.

• The preparation methods of various high-entropy electrode materials are comprehensively reviewed.

• The application properties of various high-entropy electrode materials in electrocatalysis and energy storage are comprehensively reviewed, with a prospective outlook on the future development of such materials.

• Fully organic and passive tactile sensors are developed via mimicking the sensing behavior of natural sensory cells.

• Controllable polarizability of conjugated polymers is adopted for the first time to construct passive tactile sensors.

• Machine learning-assisted surface texture detection, material property recognition, as well as shape/profile perception are realized with the tactile sensors.

Currently, the demand for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly urgent. Multi-component interface engineering is considered an effective means to achieve high-efficiency EMW absorption. However, interface modulation engineering has not been fully discussed and has great potential in the field of EMW absorption. In this study, multi-component tin compound fiber composites based on carbon fiber (CF) substrate were prepared by electrospinning, hydrothermal synthesis, and high-temperature thermal reduction. By utilizing the different properties of different substances, rich heterogeneous interfaces are constructed. This effectively promotes charge transfer and enhances interfacial polarization and conduction loss. The prepared SnS/SnS₂/SnO₂/CF composites with abundant heterogeneous interfaces have and exhibit excellent EMW absorption properties at a loading of 50 wt% in epoxy resin. The minimum reflection loss (RL) is − 46.74 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 5.28 GHz. Moreover, SnS/SnS₂/SnO₂/CF epoxy composite coatings exhibited long-term corrosion resistance on Q235 steel surfaces. Therefore, this study provides an effective strategy for the design of high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials in complex and harsh environments.

• Nonflammable gel polymer electrolyte (SGPE) is developed by in situ polymerizing trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFMA) monomers with flame-retardant triethyl phosphate (TEP) solvents and LiTFSI–LiDFOB dual lithium salts.

• Molecular polarity interaction between TEP and PTFMA mitigates interfacial reactions and changes the solvation of Li⁺.

• SGPE forms stable inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface/cathode electrolyte interface layer, exhibiting well compatibility with Li anode and LiCoO₂-type high-voltage cathode.

• The strengthening mechanism of spontaneous orientation polarization of anisotropic equivalent dipoles within high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is proposed for enhancing dielectric attenuation of HEAs.

• The source of carbon supporter is expanded to the biomass category, which can construct the shell-core heterointerfaces with HEAs by means of a reformative carbothermal shock method.

• The sample carbonized cellulose paper/HEAs-Mn_2.15 achieves efficient electromagnetic wave absorption of -51.35 dB at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.03 mm.

• This work combines theoretical calculations and electromagnetic simulations to propose feasible strategies for the design and application of electromagnetic functional devices such as ultra-wideband bandpass filter.

• Donor–acceptor-linked covalent organic framework (COF)-based electrolyte can not only fulfill highly-selective Li⁺ conduction, but also offer a crucial opportunity to understand the role of electronic density in quasi-solid-state Li metal batteries.

• Donor–acceptor-linked COF electrolyte results in Li⁺ transference number 0.83, high ionic conductivity 6.7 × 10^–4 S cm⁻¹ and excellent cyclic ability in Li metal batteries.

• In situ characterizations, density functional theory calculation and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry are adopted to expound the mechanism of the rapid migration of Li⁺ in the “donor–acceptor” electrolyte system.

Plasmonic nanoantennas provide unique opportunities for precise control of light–matter coupling in surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy, but most of the resonant systems realized so far suffer from the obstacles of low sensitivity, narrow bandwidth, and asymmetric Fano resonance perturbations. Here, we demonstrated an overcoupled resonator with a high plasmon-molecule coupling coefficient (μ) (OC-Hμ resonator) by precisely controlling the radiation loss channel, the resonator-oscillator coupling channel, and the frequency detuning channel. We observed a strong dependence of the sensing performance on the coupling state, and demonstrated that OC-Hμ resonator has excellent sensing properties of ultra-sensitive (7.25% nm⁻¹), ultra-broadband (3–10 μm), and immune asymmetric Fano lineshapes. These characteristics represent a breakthrough in SEIRA technology and lay the foundation for specific recognition of biomolecules, trace detection, and protein secondary structure analysis using a single array (array size is 100 × 100 µm²). In addition, with the assistance of machine learning, mixture classification, concentration prediction and spectral reconstruction were achieved with the highest accuracy of 100%. Finally, we demonstrated the potential of OC-Hμ resonator for SARS-CoV-2 detection. These findings will promote the wider application of SEIRA technology, while providing new ideas for other enhanced spectroscopy technologies, quantum photonics and studying light–matter interactions.

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy, display, healthcare, and soft robotics. Conducting meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional, brittle, metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and enhanced mechanical flexibility. In this paper, we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using self-cracking-assisted templates. Using this method, we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency (97.39%), high conductance (R_s = 21.24 Ω sq⁻¹), elevated work function (5.16 eV), and good mechanical stability. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics, organic light-emitting diodes, and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing, resulting in exceptional device performance. In addition, the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility, rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.