Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02027-1
Shan Zhang, Chen-Ming Liang, Lu Zhou, Juntao Wu, Martin C. Koo, Zongxin Wu, Yun-Tian Chen, Guang-Sheng Wang
Highlights
A carbonized MXene/polyimide (C-MXene/PI) aerogel with hierarchically anisotropic and gradient electrical conductivity structures was constructed via a stepwise freezing strategy.
The C-MXene/PI aerogel shows a high EMI shielding effectiveness of 91.0 dB with a low reflection coefficient of 0.40 in the X-band, alongside a high shielding of 66.2 dB with an excellent low reflection of 0.33 in the THz band.
The C-MXene/PI aerogel exhibits low thermal conductivity and reduced infrared emissivity, enabling exceptional infrared stealth capability across the 2–16 μm wavelength spectrum.
{"title":"Heterolayered Carbonized MXene/Polyimide Aerogel for Low-Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Multi-Spectrum Compatible Protection","authors":"Shan Zhang, Chen-Ming Liang, Lu Zhou, Juntao Wu, Martin C. Koo, Zongxin Wu, Yun-Tian Chen, Guang-Sheng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-02027-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-02027-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000<ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>A carbonized MXene/polyimide (C-MXene/PI) aerogel with hierarchically anisotropic and gradient electrical conductivity structures was constructed via a stepwise freezing strategy.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The C-MXene/PI aerogel shows a high EMI shielding effectiveness of 91.0 dB with a low reflection coefficient of 0.40 in the X-band, alongside a high shielding of 66.2 dB with an excellent low reflection of 0.33 in the THz band.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The C-MXene/PI aerogel exhibits low thermal conductivity and reduced infrared emissivity, enabling exceptional infrared stealth capability across the 2–16 μm wavelength spectrum.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-02027-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145955471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02030-6
Jialong Chai, Guilong Wang, Runze Shao, Lin Ni, Guoqun Zhao, Jintu Fan
Highlights
A shear-induced fibrillation strategy enables the continuous fabrication of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene fibers with nano-micro-fibrils with great porosity and strength.
A multifaceted Janus design integrates spectral, electrical, and wetting dualities in one textile, realizing adaptive cooling/heating, self-powered sensing, and waterproof breathability without external energy.
Comprehensive protection including electromagnetic interference shielding, UV resistance, flame retardancy, and chemical stability for self-sustainable, multifunctional, and comfortable wearables.
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02047-x
Zhongquan Wan, Runmin Wei, Haibin Zhao, Wang Yu, Muhammad Azam, Junsheng Luo, Chunyang Jia
Highlights
Joule heating is the dominant cause of elevated device temperature in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under operation, significantly degrades their long-term thermal stability.
High temperatures degrade PSCs primarily through accelerated material decomposition and interfacial reactions, posing a major barrier to commercialization.
Key thermal management strategies, such as integrating thermally conductive materials, radiative cooling layers, and tandem structures, effectively suppress heat accumulation and enhance device durability.
{"title":"Thermal Management Technologies for Improving the Thermal Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Zhongquan Wan, Runmin Wei, Haibin Zhao, Wang Yu, Muhammad Azam, Junsheng Luo, Chunyang Jia","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-02047-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-02047-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Joule heating is the dominant cause of elevated device temperature in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under operation, significantly degrades their long-term thermal stability.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>High temperatures degrade PSCs primarily through accelerated material decomposition and interfacial reactions, posing a major barrier to commercialization.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Key thermal management strategies, such as integrating thermally conductive materials, radiative cooling layers, and tandem structures, effectively suppress heat accumulation and enhance device durability.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-02047-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145955469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Next-generation fire safety systems demand precise detection and motion recognition of flames. In-sensor computing, which integrates sensing, memory, and processing capabilities, has emerged as a key technology in flame detection. However, the implementation of hardware-level functional demonstrations based on artificial vision systems in the solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) band (200–280 nm) is hindered by the weak detection capability. Here, we propose Ga 2 O 3 /In 2 Se 3 heterojunctions for the ferroelectric (abbreviation: Fe) optoelectronic sensor (abbreviation: OES) array (5 × 5 pixels), which is capable of ultraweak UV light detection with an ultrahigh detectivity through ferroelectric regulation and features in configurable multimode functionality. The Fe-OES array can directly sense different flame motions and simulate the non-spiking gradient neurons of insect visual system. Moreover, the flame signal can be effectively amplified in combination with leaky integration-and-fire neuron hardware. Using this Fe-OES system and neuromorphic hardware, we successfully demonstrate three flame processing tasks: achieving efficient flame detection across all time periods with terminal and cloud-based alarms; flame motion recognition with a lightweight convolutional neural network achieving 96.47% accuracy; and flame light recognition with 90.51% accuracy by means of a photosensitive artificial neural system. This work provides effective tools and approaches for addressing a variety of complex flame detection tasks.
下一代消防安全系统要求对火焰进行精确探测和运动识别。传感器内计算集成了传感、存储和处理能力，已成为火焰探测的关键技术。然而，基于人工视觉系统的太阳盲紫外波段（200-280 nm）硬件级功能演示的实现受到检测能力弱的阻碍。在这里，我们提出了用于铁电（简称：Fe）光电传感器（简称：OES）阵列（5 × 5像素）的Ga 2o3 /In 2 Se 3异质结，该异质结能够通过铁电调节以超高的探测率检测超弱紫外光，并具有可配置的多模功能。Fe-OES阵列可以直接感知不同的火焰运动，模拟昆虫视觉系统的非尖峰梯度神经元。此外，火焰信号可以有效地放大与泄漏集成和火神经元硬件相结合。利用Fe-OES系统和神经形态硬件，我们成功演示了三个火焰处理任务：通过终端和基于云的警报实现所有时间段的高效火焰检测；基于轻量级卷积神经网络的火焰运动识别准确率达到96.47%；利用光敏人工神经系统对火焰光进行识别，准确率达到90.51%。这项工作为解决各种复杂的火焰探测任务提供了有效的工具和方法。
{"title":"Ferroelectric Optoelectronic Sensor for Intelligent Flame Detection and In-Sensor Motion Perception","authors":"Jiayun Wei, Guokun Ma, Runzhi Liang, Wenxiao Wang, Jiewei Chen, Shuang Guan, Jiaxing Jiang, Ximo Zhu, Qian Cheng, Yang Shen, Qinghai Xia, Shiwen Wu, Houzhao Wan, Longhui Zeng, Mengjiao Li, Yi Wang, Liangping Shen, Wei Han, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01968-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01968-x","url":null,"abstract":"Next-generation fire safety systems demand precise detection and motion recognition of flames. In-sensor computing, which integrates sensing, memory, and processing capabilities, has emerged as a key technology in flame detection. However, the implementation of hardware-level functional demonstrations based on artificial vision systems in the solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) band (200–280 nm) is hindered by the weak detection capability. Here, we propose Ga <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> O <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> /In <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> Se <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> heterojunctions for the ferroelectric (abbreviation: Fe) optoelectronic sensor (abbreviation: OES) array (5 × 5 pixels), which is capable of ultraweak UV light detection with an ultrahigh detectivity through ferroelectric regulation and features in configurable multimode functionality. The Fe-OES array can directly sense different flame motions and simulate the non-spiking gradient neurons of insect visual system. Moreover, the flame signal can be effectively amplified in combination with leaky integration-and-fire neuron hardware. Using this Fe-OES system and neuromorphic hardware, we successfully demonstrate three flame processing tasks: achieving efficient flame detection across all time periods with terminal and cloud-based alarms; flame motion recognition with a lightweight convolutional neural network achieving 96.47% accuracy; and flame light recognition with 90.51% accuracy by means of a photosensitive artificial neural system. This work provides effective tools and approaches for addressing a variety of complex flame detection tasks.","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145955472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The global energy crisis and electricity shortage pose unprecedented challenges. Bio-based solar-driven ionic power generation devices with flexibility, photothermal self-healing and scalability hold great promise for sustainable electricity and alleviating energy crisis. Here, inspired by plant transpiration, a multifunctional bio-based ion conductive elastomer with solar power generation capability was designed by engineered synergy among epoxy natural rubber, cellulose nanofibrils, lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide and eumelanin. The film exhibits an outstanding stretchability (1072%) and toughness (22.7 MJ m −3 ). The favorable synergy of low thermal conductivity, high hygroscopicity and photothermal conversion performance endowed the film with a large thermal gradient under light illumination, driving efficient water transpiration. Furthermore, the excellent interfacial compatibility between eumelanin and matrix facilitates the formation of space charge regions, which further enhances Li + transport. The film demonstrates excellent evaporation rate (2.83 kg m −2 h −1 ), output voltage (0.47 V) and conductivity (5.11 × 10 –2 S m −1 ). Notably, the film exhibits remarkable photothermal self-healing performance even in saline environment, achieving 99.6% healing efficiency of output voltage. Therefore, the film demonstrates significant prospects for applications in photo-thermoelectric generation and solar-driven ionic power generation.
全球能源危机和电力短缺带来了前所未有的挑战。生物基太阳能离子发电装置具有灵活性、光热自愈性和可扩展性，在可持续电力和缓解能源危机方面具有很大的前景。在这里，受植物蒸发作用的启发，通过环氧天然橡胶、纤维素纳米纤维、双（三氟甲烷）磺酰亚胺锂和真黑素的工程协同作用，设计了一种具有太阳能发电能力的多功能生物基离子导电弹性体。薄膜具有良好的拉伸性能（1072%）和韧性（22.7 MJ m−3）。低导热系数、高吸湿性和光热转换性能的良好协同作用，使薄膜在光照下具有较大的热梯度，驱动高效的水分蒸腾。此外，真黑素与基质之间良好的界面相容性促进了空间电荷区域的形成，进一步增强了Li +的输运。该薄膜具有优异的蒸发速率（2.83 kg m−2 h−1）、输出电压（0.47 V）和电导率（5.11 × 10 -2 S m−1）。值得注意的是，即使在盐水环境中，薄膜也表现出了出色的光热自愈性能，输出电压的自愈率达到99.6%。因此，该薄膜在光热发电和太阳能驱动离子发电方面具有重要的应用前景。
{"title":"Bio-Based Flexible Solar-Driven Sustainable Generator with Efficient Electricity Generation Enabled by Plant Transpiration System","authors":"Lingli Kong, Junjie Lu, Tianwen Luo, Bai Huang, Lihua Fu, Baofeng Lin, Chuanhui Xu","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01960-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01960-5","url":null,"abstract":"The global energy crisis and electricity shortage pose unprecedented challenges. Bio-based solar-driven ionic power generation devices with flexibility, photothermal self-healing and scalability hold great promise for sustainable electricity and alleviating energy crisis. Here, inspired by plant transpiration, a multifunctional bio-based ion conductive elastomer with solar power generation capability was designed by engineered synergy among epoxy natural rubber, cellulose nanofibrils, lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide and eumelanin. The film exhibits an outstanding stretchability (1072%) and toughness (22.7 MJ m <jats:sup>−3</jats:sup> ). The favorable synergy of low thermal conductivity, high hygroscopicity and photothermal conversion performance endowed the film with a large thermal gradient under light illumination, driving efficient water transpiration. Furthermore, the excellent interfacial compatibility between eumelanin and matrix facilitates the formation of space charge regions, which further enhances Li <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> transport. The film demonstrates excellent evaporation rate (2.83 kg m <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> h <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ), output voltage (0.47 V) and conductivity (5.11 × 10 <jats:sup>–2</jats:sup> S m <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ). Notably, the film exhibits remarkable photothermal self-healing performance even in saline environment, achieving 99.6% healing efficiency of output voltage. Therefore, the film demonstrates significant prospects for applications in photo-thermoelectric generation and solar-driven ionic power generation.","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145955470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) halide perovskite single crystals combine narrow bandgaps, long carrier diffusion lengths, and low trap densities, positioning them as ideal candidates for near-infrared (NIR) optoelectronics. However, conventional growth strategies rely on bulk crystallization at elevated temperatures, leading to uncontrolled nucleation, Sn2+ oxidation, and poor compatibility with planar integration. Here, we develop a coordination-engineered crystallization strategy that enables direct, low-temperature growth of micrometer-thick Sn-Pb single-crystal thin films on device-compatible substrates. By modulating metal-solvent coordination strength using a low-donor number cosolvent system, we delineate a narrow processing window that stabilizes precursor speciation, lowers the nucleation barrier, and guides directional crystal growth under mild thermal conditions (< 40 °C). The resulting crystal films exhibit smooth morphology, high crystallinity, compositional uniformity, and ultralow trap densities (~ 3.98 × 1012 cm-3). When integrated into NIR photodetectors, these films deliver high responsivity (0.51 A W-1 at 900 nm), specific detectivity up to 3.6 × 1012 Jones, fast response (~ 188 μs), and > 25,000 cycles of ambient operational stability. This approach establishes a scalable platform for redox-stable, low-temperature growth of Sn-Pb perovskite crystal films and expands the processing-structure-function landscape for next-generation infrared optoelectronics.
{"title":"Monolithic Integration of Redox-Stable Sn-Pb Halide Perovskite Single-Crystalline Films for Durable Near-Infrared Photodetection.","authors":"Rajendra Kumar Gunasekaran,Jihoon Nam,Myeong-Geun Choi,Won Chang Choi,Sunwoo Kim,Doyun Im,Yeonghun Yun,Yun Hwa Hong,Sang Hyeok Ryou,Hyungwoo Lee,Kwang Heo,Sangwook Lee","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01991-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01991-y","url":null,"abstract":"Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) halide perovskite single crystals combine narrow bandgaps, long carrier diffusion lengths, and low trap densities, positioning them as ideal candidates for near-infrared (NIR) optoelectronics. However, conventional growth strategies rely on bulk crystallization at elevated temperatures, leading to uncontrolled nucleation, Sn2+ oxidation, and poor compatibility with planar integration. Here, we develop a coordination-engineered crystallization strategy that enables direct, low-temperature growth of micrometer-thick Sn-Pb single-crystal thin films on device-compatible substrates. By modulating metal-solvent coordination strength using a low-donor number cosolvent system, we delineate a narrow processing window that stabilizes precursor speciation, lowers the nucleation barrier, and guides directional crystal growth under mild thermal conditions (< 40 °C). The resulting crystal films exhibit smooth morphology, high crystallinity, compositional uniformity, and ultralow trap densities (~ 3.98 × 1012 cm-3). When integrated into NIR photodetectors, these films deliver high responsivity (0.51 A W-1 at 900 nm), specific detectivity up to 3.6 × 1012 Jones, fast response (~ 188 μs), and > 25,000 cycles of ambient operational stability. This approach establishes a scalable platform for redox-stable, low-temperature growth of Sn-Pb perovskite crystal films and expands the processing-structure-function landscape for next-generation infrared optoelectronics.","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"29 1","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02042-2
Sheng Wang, Xiaobin Song, Xiaopan Song, Yang Gu, Zhuangzhuang Cong, Yi Shen, Linwei Yu
The development of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) relies on multidisciplinary integration across neuroscience, artificial intelligence, flexible electronics, and systems engineering. Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved the accuracy and robustness of neural signal decoding. Parallel progress in electrode design—particularly through the use of flexible and stretchable materials like nanostructured conductors and novel fabrication strategies—has enhanced wearability and operational stability. Nevertheless, key challenges persist, including individual variability, biocompatibility limitations, and susceptibility to interference in complex environments. Further validation and optimization are needed to address gaps in generalization capability, long-term reliability, and real-world operational robustness. This review systematically examines the representative progress in neural decoding algorithms and flexible bioelectronic platforms over the past decade, highlighting key design principles, material innovations, and integration strategies that are poised to advance non-invasive BCI capabilities. It also discusses the importance of multimodal data fusion, hardware-software co-optimization, and closed-loop control strategies. Furthermore, the review discusses the application potential and associated engineering challenges of this technology in clinical rehabilitation and industrial translation, aiming to provide a reference for advancing non-invasive BCIs toward practical and scalable deployment.
{"title":"Non-Invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces: Converging Frontiers in Neural Signal Decoding and Flexible Bioelectronics Integration","authors":"Sheng Wang, Xiaobin Song, Xiaopan Song, Yang Gu, Zhuangzhuang Cong, Yi Shen, Linwei Yu","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-02042-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-02042-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) relies on multidisciplinary integration across neuroscience, artificial intelligence, flexible electronics, and systems engineering. Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved the accuracy and robustness of neural signal decoding. Parallel progress in electrode design—particularly through the use of flexible and stretchable materials like nanostructured conductors and novel fabrication strategies—has enhanced wearability and operational stability. Nevertheless, key challenges persist, including individual variability, biocompatibility limitations, and susceptibility to interference in complex environments. Further validation and optimization are needed to address gaps in generalization capability, long-term reliability, and real-world operational robustness. This review systematically examines the representative progress in neural decoding algorithms and flexible bioelectronic platforms over the past decade, highlighting key design principles, material innovations, and integration strategies that are poised to advance non-invasive BCI capabilities. It also discusses the importance of multimodal data fusion, hardware-software co-optimization, and closed-loop control strategies. Furthermore, the review discusses the application potential and associated engineering challenges of this technology in clinical rehabilitation and industrial translation, aiming to provide a reference for advancing non-invasive BCIs toward practical and scalable deployment.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-02042-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Violet phosphorus, a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor, has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric, mechanical properties, and high hole mobility. Herein, violet arsenic phosphorus has for the first time been synthesized by a molten lead method. The crystal structure of violet arsenic phosphorus (P83.4As0.6, CSD-2408761) was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to have similar structure as that of violet phosphorus, where P12 is occupied by arsenic/phosphorus (As/P) atoms as mixed occupancy sites As1/P12. The arsenic substitution has been demonstrated to tune the band structure of violet phosphorus, switching p-type of violet phosphorus to high-performance n-type violet arsenic phosphorus. The effective electron mass along the < 010 > direction is significantly reduced from 1.792 to 0.515 m0 by arsenic substitution, resulting in an extremely high electron mobility of 2622.503 cm2 V⁻1 s⁻1. The field effect transistor built with P83.4As0.6 nanosheets was measured to have a high electron mobility (137.06 cm2 V⁻1 s⁻1, 61.2 nm), even under ambient conditions for 5 h, much higher than the hole mobility of violet phosphorene nanosheets (4.07 cm2 V⁻1 s⁻1, 73.3 nm). This work provides a new idea for designing phosphorus-based materials for field effect transistors, giving significant potential in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.
紫磷是一种新近发现的层状元素半导体，由于其独特的光电、机械性能和高空穴迁移率而受到广泛关注。本文首次采用熔融铅法制备了紫砷磷。通过单晶x射线衍射测定紫色砷磷（P83.4As0.6, CSD-2408761）的晶体结构与紫色磷相似，其中P12被砷/磷（as /P）原子占据，为As1/P12的混合占位。砷取代已被证明可以调整紫磷的能带结构，将p型紫磷转换为高性能的n型紫砷磷。砷取代使有效电子质量从1.792显著降低到0.515 m0，导致极高的电子迁移率为2622.503 cm2。用P83.4As0.6纳米片制成的场效应晶体管，即使在环境条件下持续5小时，也具有很高的电子迁移率（137.06 cm2 V - 1 s - 1, 61.2 nm），远远高于紫色磷纳米片的空孔迁移率（4.07 cm2 V - 1 s - 1, 73.3 nm）。这项工作为设计场效应晶体管的磷基材料提供了新的思路，在互补金属氧化物半导体应用中具有重要的潜力。
{"title":"Violet Arsenic Phosphorus: Switching p-Type into High Performance n-Type Semiconductor by Arsenic Substitution.","authors":"Rui Zhai,Zhuorui Wen,Xuewen Zhao,Junyi She,Mengyue Gu,Fanqi Bu,Chang Huang,Guodong Meng,Yonghong Cheng,Jinying Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01956-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01956-1","url":null,"abstract":"Violet phosphorus, a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor, has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric, mechanical properties, and high hole mobility. Herein, violet arsenic phosphorus has for the first time been synthesized by a molten lead method. The crystal structure of violet arsenic phosphorus (P83.4As0.6, CSD-2408761) was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to have similar structure as that of violet phosphorus, where P12 is occupied by arsenic/phosphorus (As/P) atoms as mixed occupancy sites As1/P12. The arsenic substitution has been demonstrated to tune the band structure of violet phosphorus, switching p-type of violet phosphorus to high-performance n-type violet arsenic phosphorus. The effective electron mass along the < 010 > direction is significantly reduced from 1.792 to 0.515 m0 by arsenic substitution, resulting in an extremely high electron mobility of 2622.503 cm2 V⁻1 s⁻1. The field effect transistor built with P83.4As0.6 nanosheets was measured to have a high electron mobility (137.06 cm2 V⁻1 s⁻1, 61.2 nm), even under ambient conditions for 5 h, much higher than the hole mobility of violet phosphorene nanosheets (4.07 cm2 V⁻1 s⁻1, 73.3 nm). This work provides a new idea for designing phosphorus-based materials for field effect transistors, giving significant potential in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"230 1","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-02036-0
Feng Ding, Di Xue, Lifeng Chi, Lizhen Huang
Highlights
The latest progress in neuromorphic artificial synapses based on organic phototransistors is reviewed from three aspects: functional semiconductor materials, operating behaviors, and frontier applications/advancements.
The negative photoconductance behavior of novel phototransistors is discussed, along with their fascinating information-erasing capabilities demonstrated in organic photonic synapses.
Frontier applications and advancements in neuromorphic vision driven by organic photonic synapses, such as human visual adaptation, polarization-sensitive detection, high-dimensional reservoir computing, and multimodal neuromorphic encryption, are demonstrated.
{"title":"Organic Phototransistor Photonic Synapses for Artificial Vision","authors":"Feng Ding, Di Xue, Lifeng Chi, Lizhen Huang","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-02036-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40820-025-02036-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Highlights</h2><div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000<ul>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The latest progress in neuromorphic artificial synapses based on organic phototransistors is reviewed from three aspects: functional semiconductor materials, operating behaviors, and frontier applications/advancements.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>The negative photoconductance behavior of novel phototransistors is discussed, along with their fascinating information-erasing capabilities demonstrated in organic photonic synapses.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Frontier applications and advancements in neuromorphic vision driven by organic photonic synapses, such as human visual adaptation, polarization-sensitive detection, high-dimensional reservoir computing, and multimodal neuromorphic encryption, are demonstrated.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40820-025-02036-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01979-8
Qingyao Jiang,Bin Wang,Yifan Cheng,Yiming Wang,Hongxin Zhao,Yuan Lu
Space exploration and manufacturing are of critical importance for scientific advancement, technological innovation, national security, and the acquisition of extraterrestrial resources. In view of this, chemical and biological nano-/micro-/meso-scale manufacturing provide complementary approaches to overcome key space exploration challenges by enabling the in-situ production of essential life-support materials, propellants, and other resources. This review examines the origin and historical evolution of space manufacturing and the latest advances across different environments-from orbital space stations and the lunar surface to Mars and asteroids. It is structured to present the current state of research, outline key manufacturing strategies and technologies, assess the technical and environmental challenges, and discuss emerging trends and future directions. Besides, the potential applications of emerging technologies such as synthetic biology and artificial intelligence in overcoming the limitations of microgravity, limited resources, and extreme conditions are discussed. Ultimately, this integrative review could serve to guide future development, from advancing space science and disruptive manufacturing to enabling interdisciplinary and application-level innovations.
{"title":"Emerging Chemical and Biological Materials Technologies in the Extraplanetary Environment.","authors":"Qingyao Jiang,Bin Wang,Yifan Cheng,Yiming Wang,Hongxin Zhao,Yuan Lu","doi":"10.1007/s40820-025-01979-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01979-8","url":null,"abstract":"Space exploration and manufacturing are of critical importance for scientific advancement, technological innovation, national security, and the acquisition of extraterrestrial resources. In view of this, chemical and biological nano-/micro-/meso-scale manufacturing provide complementary approaches to overcome key space exploration challenges by enabling the in-situ production of essential life-support materials, propellants, and other resources. This review examines the origin and historical evolution of space manufacturing and the latest advances across different environments-from orbital space stations and the lunar surface to Mars and asteroids. It is structured to present the current state of research, outline key manufacturing strategies and technologies, assess the technical and environmental challenges, and discuss emerging trends and future directions. Besides, the potential applications of emerging technologies such as synthetic biology and artificial intelligence in overcoming the limitations of microgravity, limited resources, and extreme conditions are discussed. Ultimately, this integrative review could serve to guide future development, from advancing space science and disruptive manufacturing to enabling interdisciplinary and application-level innovations.","PeriodicalId":714,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Micro Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":"151"},"PeriodicalIF":26.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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