Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v46i1.69338
T.H. Ferreira, L.S. Sá, Paula Brando de Mederios, Domickson Silva Costa, Grasiela Fagundes Minatto Cardoso, B.S. Pierri, A. Nuñer, M. Martins, J. L. P. Mouriño
We aimed to identify the digestive microbiota of the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei, and characterize its structure in different seasons. Limnoperna fortunei specimens were sampled in winter (September 2019) and summer (March 2020) in five reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants in southern Brazil. In each reservoir, we sampled 15 individuals at three different points. We collected the digestive diverticulum and portions of the intestine for bacterial DNA extraction, and subsequently conducted metagenomic analysis. The intestinal microbial communities of L. fortunei occurring in the upper Uruguay River region showed significant differences during winter and summer. Although the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria were dominant regardless of the season, the microbial communities showed greater richness and bacterial diversity in the summer. Additionally, we found 143 species of bacteria in the digestive samples collected during both winter and summer, which may indicate a central microbial community for the species. The microbial communities in the digestive tract of L. fortunei showed greater bacterial richness and diversity in summer samples, which existed at a significantly higher temperature than those in winter samples. We observed seasonal variations in the microbiota of L. fortunei in the upper Uruguay River region, with increased bacterial richness and diversity in the digestive tract during summer, attributed to higher temperatures. However, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria consistently dominated the digestive tract of the golden mussel, regardless of seasonal fluctuations.
我们的目的是鉴定金贻贝（Limnoperna fortunei）的消化微生物群，并描述其在不同季节的结构特征。我们于冬季（2019 年 9 月）和夏季（2020 年 3 月）在巴西南部水电站的五个水库中采集了金贻贝标本。我们在每个水库的三个不同点采集了 15 个样本。我们采集了消化憩室和部分肠道进行细菌 DNA 提取，随后进行了元基因组分析。发生在乌拉圭河上游地区的 L. fortunei 的肠道微生物群落在冬季和夏季有显著差异。虽然变形菌门、类杆菌门和蓝藻门在任何季节都占优势，但夏季的微生物群落显示出更高的丰富度和细菌多样性。此外，我们在冬季和夏季采集的消化道样本中都发现了 143 种细菌，这可能表明该物种有一个中心微生物群落。福寿螺消化道中的微生物群落在夏季样本中显示出更高的细菌丰富度和多样性，其存在的温度明显高于冬季样本。我们观察到乌拉圭河上游地区福寿鱼微生物群落的季节性变化，夏季消化道中细菌的丰富度和多样性都有所增加，这归因于较高的温度。不过，无论季节如何变化，蛋白细菌、类杆菌和蓝藻始终在金贻贝的消化道中占主导地位。
{"title":"Characterization of the digestive microbiome of invasive Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) collected in different seasons in the upper Uruguay River, Santa Catarina, Brazil","authors":"T.H. Ferreira, L.S. Sá, Paula Brando de Mederios, Domickson Silva Costa, Grasiela Fagundes Minatto Cardoso, B.S. Pierri, A. Nuñer, M. Martins, J. L. P. Mouriño","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v46i1.69338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v46i1.69338","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to identify the digestive microbiota of the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei, and characterize its structure in different seasons. Limnoperna fortunei specimens were sampled in winter (September 2019) and summer (March 2020) in five reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants in southern Brazil. In each reservoir, we sampled 15 individuals at three different points. We collected the digestive diverticulum and portions of the intestine for bacterial DNA extraction, and subsequently conducted metagenomic analysis. The intestinal microbial communities of L. fortunei occurring in the upper Uruguay River region showed significant differences during winter and summer. Although the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria were dominant regardless of the season, the microbial communities showed greater richness and bacterial diversity in the summer. Additionally, we found 143 species of bacteria in the digestive samples collected during both winter and summer, which may indicate a central microbial community for the species. The microbial communities in the digestive tract of L. fortunei showed greater bacterial richness and diversity in summer samples, which existed at a significantly higher temperature than those in winter samples. We observed seasonal variations in the microbiota of L. fortunei in the upper Uruguay River region, with increased bacterial richness and diversity in the digestive tract during summer, attributed to higher temperatures. However, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria consistently dominated the digestive tract of the golden mussel, regardless of seasonal fluctuations.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-16DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.64168
Raiane de Sousa Oliveira, G. D. N. Costa, Raimundo Nonato Oliveira Silva, Paulo S.C. Lima, R. Araújo Neto, Angela CA Lopes, F. Martins
Parkia platycephala (Fabaceae) is a useful tree. The leaves are rich in protein, fiber and minerals and are good quality, low-cost fodder for animals, making it a great option for animal feed during the dry season in Northeast Brazil. In addition, wood is used in small buildings and as fuel. With the aim of exploring genetic variation within the species, we have assessed the molecular and morpho-agronomic characteristics of 10 accessions (F1 - F10) of the species originating from the same location and maintained in the Forage Collection at Embrapa Meio Norte. Clustering analyses based on the amplicons generated by 12 inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers and on 36 qualitative/quantitative markers separated the accessions into two groups, the constituents of which were dependent on the characteristics considered. The most divergent genotypes according to ISSR analysis were F3 and F8. Morpho-agronomic analysis identified F2 and F7 as the most divergent, while the traits that contributed most (36.5%) to total diversity were, in order of importance, mature inflorescence length, stem length, immature inflorescence width, seed weight and pedicel length. The results revealed that there is sufficient genetic variability among the studied accessions. These accessions with greater diversity are candidates for actions that promote the conservation, domestication and genetic improvement of the species.
{"title":"Genetic diversity among genotypes of Parkia platycephala (Benth.), a typical tree of northeastern Brazil","authors":"Raiane de Sousa Oliveira, G. D. N. Costa, Raimundo Nonato Oliveira Silva, Paulo S.C. Lima, R. Araújo Neto, Angela CA Lopes, F. Martins","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.64168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.64168","url":null,"abstract":"Parkia platycephala (Fabaceae) is a useful tree. The leaves are rich in protein, fiber and minerals and are good quality, low-cost fodder for animals, making it a great option for animal feed during the dry season in Northeast Brazil. In addition, wood is used in small buildings and as fuel. With the aim of exploring genetic variation within the species, we have assessed the molecular and morpho-agronomic characteristics of 10 accessions (F1 - F10) of the species originating from the same location and maintained in the Forage Collection at Embrapa Meio Norte. Clustering analyses based on the amplicons generated by 12 inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers and on 36 qualitative/quantitative markers separated the accessions into two groups, the constituents of which were dependent on the characteristics considered. The most divergent genotypes according to ISSR analysis were F3 and F8. Morpho-agronomic analysis identified F2 and F7 as the most divergent, while the traits that contributed most (36.5%) to total diversity were, in order of importance, mature inflorescence length, stem length, immature inflorescence width, seed weight and pedicel length. The results revealed that there is sufficient genetic variability among the studied accessions. These accessions with greater diversity are candidates for actions that promote the conservation, domestication and genetic improvement of the species.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"533 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67455
Vijayavilas Sathyan Sangeetha, Christina Ruby Stella
The present study is an experimental comparative investigation of the biomolecules present in ethanol, aqua and ether extract of Datura stramonium L. leaves. The purpose of the study is to monitor the phytochemical constituents in the plant leaves by thin layer chromatography (TLC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and infrared spectroscopy analytical techniques. The Datura Stramonium L. leaves were collected, dried and was extracted with ethanol, water and ether at room temperature. A comparative investigation of bioactive compounds have been carried out using TLC, GC-MS, and IR Analytical techniques. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of protein, alkaloid, phenol and tannins, flavanoid, glycoside, sterols, saponin, resins, anthocyanin, and carboxylic acid. More number of bio active phytochemicals were identified, and the chromatograph showed peaks of individual compounds. The result of this study offers a platform for understanding the Phytochemical present in ethanol, aqua and ether extract of studied plant leaves and to identify them as herbal alternative for various diseases and it can be used as functional pharmaceutical when once it extracted and treated carefully.
{"title":"A comparative investigation of bioactive compounds present in Datura stramonium L. leaves extract in various solvents (ethanol, aqua, and ether) using TLC, IR, and GC-MS analytical techniques","authors":"Vijayavilas Sathyan Sangeetha, Christina Ruby Stella","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67455","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is an experimental comparative investigation of the biomolecules present in ethanol, aqua and ether extract of Datura stramonium L. leaves. The purpose of the study is to monitor the phytochemical constituents in the plant leaves by thin layer chromatography (TLC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and infrared spectroscopy analytical techniques. The Datura Stramonium L. leaves were collected, dried and was extracted with ethanol, water and ether at room temperature. A comparative investigation of bioactive compounds have been carried out using TLC, GC-MS, and IR Analytical techniques. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of protein, alkaloid, phenol and tannins, flavanoid, glycoside, sterols, saponin, resins, anthocyanin, and carboxylic acid. More number of bio active phytochemicals were identified, and the chromatograph showed peaks of individual compounds. The result of this study offers a platform for understanding the Phytochemical present in ethanol, aqua and ether extract of studied plant leaves and to identify them as herbal alternative for various diseases and it can be used as functional pharmaceutical when once it extracted and treated carefully.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140460100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.64721
Carina Maria Vela-Ulian, J. P. M. Hoppe, A. Ditchfield
The Atlantic Forest is one of the world's hotspots of biodiversity, a heterogeneous biome encompassing tropical and subtropical vegetation formations. Its remnants in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, are mostly within state and federal Conservation Units. The largest Unit is the Sooretama Biological Reserve, which harbors several endemic occurrences of fauna and flora, and is the last refuge of some threatened animal species. Inventories of fauna are essential to know the community composition, and for the elaboration of preservation strategies. We conducted a survey focused on the bat fauna of the Sooretama Reserve, analyzing the trophic guilds and the conservation status of its species. We surveyed online taxonomic databases and the literature, resulting in 402 records from two different scientific collections. These records represent five families, 39 genera, and 57 species of bats, revealing that the Sooretama Biological Reserve has all known bat families in the Atlantic Forest biome. Phyllostomidae was the family with the highest number of species registered, and a majority of species belongs to the aerial insectivorous trophic guild. Four species are registered as “Vulnerable” in state and federal conservation books.
{"title":"Bat fauna from the Sooretama Biological Reserve, southeastern Brazil","authors":"Carina Maria Vela-Ulian, J. P. M. Hoppe, A. Ditchfield","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.64721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.64721","url":null,"abstract":"The Atlantic Forest is one of the world's hotspots of biodiversity, a heterogeneous biome encompassing tropical and subtropical vegetation formations. Its remnants in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, are mostly within state and federal Conservation Units. The largest Unit is the Sooretama Biological Reserve, which harbors several endemic occurrences of fauna and flora, and is the last refuge of some threatened animal species. Inventories of fauna are essential to know the community composition, and for the elaboration of preservation strategies. We conducted a survey focused on the bat fauna of the Sooretama Reserve, analyzing the trophic guilds and the conservation status of its species. We surveyed online taxonomic databases and the literature, resulting in 402 records from two different scientific collections. These records represent five families, 39 genera, and 57 species of bats, revealing that the Sooretama Biological Reserve has all known bat families in the Atlantic Forest biome. Phyllostomidae was the family with the highest number of species registered, and a majority of species belongs to the aerial insectivorous trophic guild. Four species are registered as “Vulnerable” in state and federal conservation books.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140459938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67690
B.S. Pierri, Norha Constanza Bolívar Ramírez, Caio Bruno Nogueira de Paula Matos, Victor Aleluia da Silva, Charles Vieira Neves, E. Fonseca
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bioremediation, through the application of two different strategies of effective microorganisms as treatment of effluents in the parameters of water quality and in the bacteriological profile of the soil of ‘Canal da Cidade’ - Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The metagenomic analyzes indicated that the abundance and richness of microorganisms in the substrate increased significantly after the bioremediation strategy used in this study. Because of bioremediation, 31 bacterial species disappeared from the environment when comparing the initial and final bacterial profiles of the soil, where 94% of these 31 species were anaerobic. Furthermore, 61 new aerobic or facultative aerobic species appeared in the channel substrate after bioremediation. As a consequence of bioremediation, the dissolved oxygen concentration and pH values increased significantly throughout the bioremediation process, indicating that the changes found in the microbiological profile of the soil contributed to the improvement of water quality parameters, helping the environment to move from anaerobic to aerobic characteristics. Thus, it is possible to state that the use of effective microorganisms directly affected the physical-chemical parameters of water quality and the microbial profile of the soil community of ‘Canal da Cidade’.
本研究的目的是通过应用两种不同的有效微生物策略，评估生物修复对巴西里约热内卢马里卡 "Canal da Cidade "的水质参数和土壤细菌学特征的影响。元基因组分析表明，本研究采用生物修复策略后，基质中微生物的丰度和丰富度显著提高。通过比较土壤的初始和最终细菌图谱，发现由于生物修复，环境中消失了 31 种细菌，而这 31 种细菌中有 94% 是厌氧菌。此外，经过生物修复后，渠道基质中出现了 61 种好氧或兼性好氧细菌。生物修复的结果是，在整个生物修复过程中，溶解氧浓度和 pH 值都显著增加，这表明土壤微生物概况的变化有助于改善水质参数，帮助环境从厌氧特征转变为好氧特征。因此，可以说有效微生物的使用直接影响了水质的物理化学参数和 "Canal da Cidade "土壤群落的微生物特征。
{"title":"The use of effective microorganisms changed the soil microbiota of canals in Maricá city, Brazil","authors":"B.S. Pierri, Norha Constanza Bolívar Ramírez, Caio Bruno Nogueira de Paula Matos, Victor Aleluia da Silva, Charles Vieira Neves, E. Fonseca","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.67690","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bioremediation, through the application of two different strategies of effective microorganisms as treatment of effluents in the parameters of water quality and in the bacteriological profile of the soil of ‘Canal da Cidade’ - Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The metagenomic analyzes indicated that the abundance and richness of microorganisms in the substrate increased significantly after the bioremediation strategy used in this study. Because of bioremediation, 31 bacterial species disappeared from the environment when comparing the initial and final bacterial profiles of the soil, where 94% of these 31 species were anaerobic. Furthermore, 61 new aerobic or facultative aerobic species appeared in the channel substrate after bioremediation. As a consequence of bioremediation, the dissolved oxygen concentration and pH values increased significantly throughout the bioremediation process, indicating that the changes found in the microbiological profile of the soil contributed to the improvement of water quality parameters, helping the environment to move from anaerobic to aerobic characteristics. Thus, it is possible to state that the use of effective microorganisms directly affected the physical-chemical parameters of water quality and the microbial profile of the soil community of ‘Canal da Cidade’.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65188
Angélica Vieira Aguiar, Lana Dorneles Pedroso, Bruna Trindade Borges, S. Vestena
The objective of this study was to evaluate the entomotoxic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Eragrostis plana Nees in an experimental model of cockroaches (Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier), for a possible bioinsecticide. For this purpose, aerial parts of E. plana were grounded to obtain the hydroalcoholic extract (EACA), after preparing the concentrations of (0.5; 2.5; 5.0; 12.5; 25.0; 50.0 100.0 μg g-1 per animal) a saline solution was used to control the treatment. To determine the receptors and pathways involved in responses to EACA doses of E. plana, a treatment with the drug octopamine and its inhibitor phentolamine were prepared. The effect of EACA on behavioral activities (grooming) and on cardiac activity were tested. All data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, being analyzed by the two-way ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey test, considered significant when p<0.05. After carrying out the experiment, it was found that EACA induced a significant effect on leg grooming at all concentrations, except for the concentration of 100 μg g-1 per animal, but the same did not modulate antenna grooming. Regarding the receptors and pathways involved, it was observed that octopamine alone and together with the extract, had a significant effect on leg grooming, while phentolamine, together with the extract, influenced antennae grooming. Regarding the effect of the extract on the semi-isolated heart, it was noticed that the same doses that affected grooming, affected heart rate by decreasing it. At no concentration, at the end of the treatment, there was no recovery of the heart rate. The results point to a direct modulation of octopaminergic and cholinergic pathways in the insect nervous system.
本研究的目的是评估 Eragrostis plana Nees 水醇提取物在蟑螂（Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier）实验模型中的昆虫毒性活性，以寻找一种可能的生物杀虫剂。为此，将 Eragrostis plana 的气生部分磨碎以获得水醇提取物（EACA），在制备出浓度为（0.5；2.5；5.0；12.5；25.0；50.0 100.0 μg g-1/只）的生理盐水溶液后用于对照处理。为了确定E.plana对EACA剂量反应所涉及的受体和通路，制备了八巴胺及其抑制剂酚妥拉明。测试了 EACA 对行为活动（梳理）和心脏活动的影响。所有数据以均数±标准差表示，采用双向方差分析，然后进行Tukey检验，当P<0.05时认为差异显著。实验结果表明，除了每只动物 100 μg g-1 的浓度外，EACA 在所有浓度下都会对腿部梳理产生显著影响，但不会对触角的梳理产生影响。关于所涉及的受体和途径，观察到章鱼胺单独或与提取物一起对腿部梳理有显著影响，而酚妥拉明与提取物一起对触角梳理有影响。关于提取物对半离体心脏的影响，我们注意到，影响梳理的相同剂量会降低心率。在任何浓度下，治疗结束时心率都不会恢复。研究结果表明，该提取物可直接调节昆虫神经系统中的章胺能和胆碱能通路。
{"title":"Entomotoxic potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Eragrostis plana Nees in experimental model of Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier","authors":"Angélica Vieira Aguiar, Lana Dorneles Pedroso, Bruna Trindade Borges, S. Vestena","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65188","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the entomotoxic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Eragrostis plana Nees in an experimental model of cockroaches (Nauphoeta cinerea Olivier), for a possible bioinsecticide. For this purpose, aerial parts of E. plana were grounded to obtain the hydroalcoholic extract (EACA), after preparing the concentrations of (0.5; 2.5; 5.0; 12.5; 25.0; 50.0 100.0 μg g-1 per animal) a saline solution was used to control the treatment. To determine the receptors and pathways involved in responses to EACA doses of E. plana, a treatment with the drug octopamine and its inhibitor phentolamine were prepared. The effect of EACA on behavioral activities (grooming) and on cardiac activity were tested. All data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, being analyzed by the two-way ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey test, considered significant when p<0.05. After carrying out the experiment, it was found that EACA induced a significant effect on leg grooming at all concentrations, except for the concentration of 100 μg g-1 per animal, but the same did not modulate antenna grooming. Regarding the receptors and pathways involved, it was observed that octopamine alone and together with the extract, had a significant effect on leg grooming, while phentolamine, together with the extract, influenced antennae grooming. Regarding the effect of the extract on the semi-isolated heart, it was noticed that the same doses that affected grooming, affected heart rate by decreasing it. At no concentration, at the end of the treatment, there was no recovery of the heart rate. The results point to a direct modulation of octopaminergic and cholinergic pathways in the insect nervous system.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139313070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.68519
João Henrique Alliprandini da Costa, Ursulla Pereira Souza
Climate change can directly influence invasive species range, and may reflect in greater habitat suitability, consequently increasing losses in native biodiversity. Habitat suitability modelling can help identify priority areas for conservation and rapid response for invasive taxa. This study aimed to model the habitat suitability of Opsanus beta, an invasive fish species, in South America under current and future climate change scenarios. Three modelling techniques, Generalized Linear Model (GLM), Maximum Entropy Algorithm (Maxent), and Random Forest (RF), were applied, and their results were compared and then put together in an Ensemble model to visualize habitat suitability. We found that the current habitat suitability of O. beta in South America is relatively low, with its occurrences mostly related to coastal port areas, suggesting that the species was introduced from ballast water. The increase in mean temperature at mean depth and temperature range were the most relevant variables influencing the species habitat suitability. The gradual increase in habitat suitability for the 2100 climate change scenarios, particularly in more severe climate change scenarios, such as the RCP 8.5, was also observed. The study highlights the critical need to use habitat suitability models to mitigate the impact of future climate change scenarios on invasive species. The findings call for preventive measures to be taken in time to prepare areas that may become the target of dispersal and establishment of O. beta.
{"title":"The Gulf toadfish goes south: assessing the potential habitat suitability of Opsanus beta in response to climate change","authors":"João Henrique Alliprandini da Costa, Ursulla Pereira Souza","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.68519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.68519","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change can directly influence invasive species range, and may reflect in greater habitat suitability, consequently increasing losses in native biodiversity. Habitat suitability modelling can help identify priority areas for conservation and rapid response for invasive taxa. This study aimed to model the habitat suitability of Opsanus beta, an invasive fish species, in South America under current and future climate change scenarios. Three modelling techniques, Generalized Linear Model (GLM), Maximum Entropy Algorithm (Maxent), and Random Forest (RF), were applied, and their results were compared and then put together in an Ensemble model to visualize habitat suitability. We found that the current habitat suitability of O. beta in South America is relatively low, with its occurrences mostly related to coastal port areas, suggesting that the species was introduced from ballast water. The increase in mean temperature at mean depth and temperature range were the most relevant variables influencing the species habitat suitability. The gradual increase in habitat suitability for the 2100 climate change scenarios, particularly in more severe climate change scenarios, such as the RCP 8.5, was also observed. The study highlights the critical need to use habitat suitability models to mitigate the impact of future climate change scenarios on invasive species. The findings call for preventive measures to be taken in time to prepare areas that may become the target of dispersal and establishment of O. beta.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65392
Barno Alimova, O. Pulatova, A. Makhsumkhanov, Lobar Khasanova, Kakhramon Davranov
This article provides a study of the molecular, physiological, biochemical and morphological features of R-, S- and M-dissociants of Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1. The sequence similarity of the genome fragments of R- and S-dissociant forms encoded by 16S rRNA was demonstrated. MALDI spectra were obtained for the R. ruber-8/4/1 strain and its dissociants. Under standard analysis conditions, the MALDI profiles of R-, S- and M- forms dissociants of the Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1 were similar. The determination of the resistance of the strain dissociants to external factors showed that R-forms were more stable under UV irradiation and increased temperature. The S-forms showed stability upon the conversion of acrylic acid nitrile into acrylamide (AA), whereas the M-forms were stable under a decrease in the cultivation temperature, and an increase in the concentration of NaCl in the medium. The S-forms proved to be the most active in the transformation of acrylonitrile into AA.
本文研究了Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1的R-、S-和M-裂殖体的分子、生理、生化和形态特征。研究表明，16S rRNA 编码的 R 型和 S 型裂殖体基因组片段序列相似。获得了 R. ruber-8/4/1 菌株及其异构体的 MALDI 图谱。在标准分析条件下，Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1 的 R 型、S 型和 M 型溶解剂的 MALDI 图谱相似。通过测定菌株溶菌剂对外界因素的耐受性，发现 R 型溶菌剂在紫外线照射和温度升高的条件下更为稳定。S 型菌株在丙烯酸腈转化为丙烯酰胺（AA）时表现出稳定性，而 M 型菌株在培养温度降低和培养基中氯化钠浓度增加时表现稳定。事实证明，S 型在丙烯腈转化为 AA 的过程中最为活跃。
{"title":"Сolonial–morphological characteristics of dissociatives of the Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1 strain","authors":"Barno Alimova, O. Pulatova, A. Makhsumkhanov, Lobar Khasanova, Kakhramon Davranov","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65392","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a study of the molecular, physiological, biochemical and morphological features of R-, S- and M-dissociants of Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1. The sequence similarity of the genome fragments of R- and S-dissociant forms encoded by 16S rRNA was demonstrated. MALDI spectra were obtained for the R. ruber-8/4/1 strain and its dissociants. Under standard analysis conditions, the MALDI profiles of R-, S- and M- forms dissociants of the Rhodococcus ruber - 8/4/1 were similar. The determination of the resistance of the strain dissociants to external factors showed that R-forms were more stable under UV irradiation and increased temperature. The S-forms showed stability upon the conversion of acrylic acid nitrile into acrylamide (AA), whereas the M-forms were stable under a decrease in the cultivation temperature, and an increase in the concentration of NaCl in the medium. The S-forms proved to be the most active in the transformation of acrylonitrile into AA.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65301
Vera Lygia El Id Id, Nelson Augustos dos Santos Junior
Sesbania virgata is a native Brazilian plant species. It exhibits rapid growth, a high soil cover potential, and efficient soil seed bank formation and is used in environmental restoration projects. The soil seed bank is susceptible to fungal infection and other biotic factors. However, only a few studies have reported on the fungi on the surface of S. virgata seeds. Moreover, little is known about how substances present in the seed integument affect fungal communities and their role in adapting to and thriving in new environments. Herein, S. virgata seeds were collected from populations that produce or do not produce the flavonoid catechin in the seed coat. These seeds were subjected to laboratory tests to identify and quantify the fungal populations in the integument. We selected and subjected three genera to irrigation and inoculation tests with S. virgata extracts and seeds from both populations. We observed that the aqueous seed coat extracts inhibited Alternaria sp. micellar and augmented Phoma sp. growth. Phoma sp. also caused post-germinated seed lethality. Our data indicate that the seed coat of S. virgata contains antifungal substances that endow this species with an adaptive advantage.
Sesbania virgata 是巴西本土植物物种。它生长迅速，土壤覆盖潜力大，能有效形成土壤种子库，被用于环境恢复项目。土壤种子库容易受到真菌感染和其他生物因素的影响。然而，只有少数几项研究报道了裸冠菊种子表面的真菌。此外，人们对种子表皮中的物质如何影响真菌群落及其在适应新环境和在新环境中茁壮成长的作用知之甚少。在此，我们从种皮中产生或不产生类黄酮儿茶素的种群中收集了金樱子种子。我们对这些种子进行了实验室测试，以鉴定和量化种皮中的真菌种群。我们从两个种群中选择了三个菌属，用 S. virgata 提取物和种子进行灌溉和接种试验。我们观察到，水性种皮提取物可抑制 Alternaria sp.Phoma sp. 也会导致种子发芽后死亡。我们的数据表明，处女膜蝇属植物的种皮含有抗真菌物质，使该物种具有适应性优势。
{"title":"Adaptive advantage of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. in the phytochemical production: the influence on fungi occurring in seeds","authors":"Vera Lygia El Id Id, Nelson Augustos dos Santos Junior","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65301","url":null,"abstract":"Sesbania virgata is a native Brazilian plant species. It exhibits rapid growth, a high soil cover potential, and efficient soil seed bank formation and is used in environmental restoration projects. The soil seed bank is susceptible to fungal infection and other biotic factors. However, only a few studies have reported on the fungi on the surface of S. virgata seeds. Moreover, little is known about how substances present in the seed integument affect fungal communities and their role in adapting to and thriving in new environments. Herein, S. virgata seeds were collected from populations that produce or do not produce the flavonoid catechin in the seed coat. These seeds were subjected to laboratory tests to identify and quantify the fungal populations in the integument. We selected and subjected three genera to irrigation and inoculation tests with S. virgata extracts and seeds from both populations. We observed that the aqueous seed coat extracts inhibited Alternaria sp. micellar and augmented Phoma sp. growth. Phoma sp. also caused post-germinated seed lethality. Our data indicate that the seed coat of S. virgata contains antifungal substances that endow this species with an adaptive advantage.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139313073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65557
Luiz Antonio Frazatto Fernandes, Kazue Kawakita, Alexandrina Pujals, Victoria Sotti Batista, M. Romagnolo
The study of temporal changes in riparian vegetation is essential for understanding the paths taken by the ecosystem during ecological succession. In order to evaluate the changes in floristic composition, structure, and dynamics of the arboreal vegetation in an area of Semideciduous Seasonal Alluvial Forest, we aim to understand the secondary succession that occurs in the Paraná River floodplain. Based on a study conducted 20 years ago, in the municipality of Batayporã, Mato Grosso do Sul, a re-sampling was carried out in the same area, using the same methodology. Phytosociological and ecological parameters between the two temporal samplings were collected and compared using Student's ‘t’ test, where it was possible to find statistically significant variations (p<0.05) in the vegetation structure. A total of 603 individuals were sampled, distributed among 51 species and grouped in 46 genera and 31 families. The analysis of the distribution of abundance and importance values (IV) of species visualized in the histogram indicated an expected pattern in forest communities, which is the substitution of early successional species for late successional species. For the successional categories, the comparison of IVs revealed higher values for secondary species in both surveys and changes in the positions of climax and pioneer species, directly influencing the IVs values of these categories for the zones. When compared to the result obtained in the previous study, a replacement of the IV values of pioneer species with climax and dead species is noted. The comparisons showed that this phytocoenosis is evolving to a mature successional stage, a result of the decrease in the main anthropic impacts in the area. The results obtained highlight the importance of temporal monitoring of forest areas to expand the understanding of the pathways of ecological succession in this type of environment and provide information to assist in biodiversity conservation.
研究河岸植被的时间变化对于了解生态系统在生态演替过程中的路径至关重要。为了评估半落叶季节性冲积森林地区树栖植被的植物组成、结构和动态变化，我们旨在了解巴拉那河洪泛平原发生的次生演替。根据 20 年前在南马托格罗索州巴塔伊波拉市进行的一项研究，我们采用相同的方法在同一地区重新进行了取样。收集了两次取样之间的植物社会学和生态学参数，并使用学生 "t "检验进行比较，结果发现植被结构有显著的统计学差异（p<0.05）。共取样 603 个个体，分布在 51 个物种中，分为 46 属和 31 科。对直方图中物种丰度和重要度值（IV）分布的分析表明，森林群落中存在一种预期的模式，即早演替物种取代晚演替物种。就演替类别而言，IV 值的比较显示，在两次调查中，次生物种的 IV 值都较高，而高潮物种和先驱物种的位置发生了变化，直接影响了这些类别在各区的 IV 值。与之前的研究结果相比，先锋物种的 IV 值被高潮物种和死亡物种所取代。比较结果表明，这种植物群落正在向成熟演替阶段演化，这是该地区主要人为影响减少的结果。所获得的结果突出了对林区进行时间监测的重要性，以扩大对这类环境中生态演替途径的了解，并提供有助于保护生物多样性的信息。
{"title":"The plant community of a stretch of riparian vegetation in the upper Paraná River after 20 years of secondary succession (Batayporã, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil)","authors":"Luiz Antonio Frazatto Fernandes, Kazue Kawakita, Alexandrina Pujals, Victoria Sotti Batista, M. Romagnolo","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v45i1.65557","url":null,"abstract":"The study of temporal changes in riparian vegetation is essential for understanding the paths taken by the ecosystem during ecological succession. In order to evaluate the changes in floristic composition, structure, and dynamics of the arboreal vegetation in an area of Semideciduous Seasonal Alluvial Forest, we aim to understand the secondary succession that occurs in the Paraná River floodplain. Based on a study conducted 20 years ago, in the municipality of Batayporã, Mato Grosso do Sul, a re-sampling was carried out in the same area, using the same methodology. Phytosociological and ecological parameters between the two temporal samplings were collected and compared using Student's ‘t’ test, where it was possible to find statistically significant variations (p<0.05) in the vegetation structure. A total of 603 individuals were sampled, distributed among 51 species and grouped in 46 genera and 31 families. The analysis of the distribution of abundance and importance values (IV) of species visualized in the histogram indicated an expected pattern in forest communities, which is the substitution of early successional species for late successional species. For the successional categories, the comparison of IVs revealed higher values for secondary species in both surveys and changes in the positions of climax and pioneer species, directly influencing the IVs values of these categories for the zones. When compared to the result obtained in the previous study, a replacement of the IV values of pioneer species with climax and dead species is noted. The comparisons showed that this phytocoenosis is evolving to a mature successional stage, a result of the decrease in the main anthropic impacts in the area. The results obtained highlight the importance of temporal monitoring of forest areas to expand the understanding of the pathways of ecological succession in this type of environment and provide information to assist in biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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