Pub Date : 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62571
R. Seminario-Córdova, I. B. Barreto, Zenayda Emilia Estrada Tuesta
Wetlands provide several ecological, biological, and environmental benefits, including their role in the hydrological cycle, especially in coastal areas. Coastal wetlands are affected by anthropogenic threats, as these are in constant synergy with local populations and agricultural expansion, which is one of the main factors causing their depletion. In addition, the ravages of climate change accentuate their vulnerability, which may lead to their irreparable loss. In this regard, the objective of this work was to identify the coastal wetlands of northern Peru and in order to verify the progress made in their conservation. For this purpose, a search was performed in wetlands atlas and similar studies, and a check was made to see if those wetlands had records of flora and fauna studies. Finally, information was sought on protection measures in the area. Consequently, 22 coastal wetlands were registered, and among them, three are internationally recognized as Ramsar sites: Mangroves of Tumbes, Mangrove of San Pedro de Vice, and the Virrilá Estuary, where commendable conservation efforts are underway. However, it was found that more than 77% of the coastal wetlands in northern Peru do not have preservation actions or scientific evidence describing their biodiversity.
{"title":"Coastal wetlands of the north of Peru: preservation progress","authors":"R. Seminario-Córdova, I. B. Barreto, Zenayda Emilia Estrada Tuesta","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62571","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands provide several ecological, biological, and environmental benefits, including their role in the hydrological cycle, especially in coastal areas. Coastal wetlands are affected by anthropogenic threats, as these are in constant synergy with local populations and agricultural expansion, which is one of the main factors causing their depletion. In addition, the ravages of climate change accentuate their vulnerability, which may lead to their irreparable loss. In this regard, the objective of this work was to identify the coastal wetlands of northern Peru and in order to verify the progress made in their conservation. For this purpose, a search was performed in wetlands atlas and similar studies, and a check was made to see if those wetlands had records of flora and fauna studies. Finally, information was sought on protection measures in the area. Consequently, 22 coastal wetlands were registered, and among them, three are internationally recognized as Ramsar sites: Mangroves of Tumbes, Mangrove of San Pedro de Vice, and the Virrilá Estuary, where commendable conservation efforts are underway. However, it was found that more than 77% of the coastal wetlands in northern Peru do not have preservation actions or scientific evidence describing their biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84062452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62680
T. B. D. Queiroz, Dirceu Baumgartner, P. A. Piana, P. Sanches
Landscape changes and hydrologic alterations associated with dam construction have greatly hindered reproductive success and the recruitment of migratory species. However, little is known about the flow conditions that are necessary for the reproductive success of migrators. We aimed to analyze one of the important migrants of the Paraná River, the curimba, Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836), to determine the minimum velocities necessary for egg drift and analyze the behavior of larvae at different flow velocities. Thus, we experimentally evaluated the behavior of eggs and larvae released in a drift simulator channel (DSC) under four flow velocities. Additionally, we investigate the swimming ability of larvae in relation to certaintheirarvaeng ability in relation to asures of larval body to their ability ased in a Drift Simulator Channel certaincerrain morphometric measures of their bodies. We also performed morphometry and calculations of larval body and fin proportions to determine which structures influence swimming ability. The results indicated that environments with flow velocities greater than 0.081 m s-1 were favorable for egg drift and increased the chances of successful transport of eggs to downstream areas. We also observed that soon after hatching, the larvae positioned themselves against the flow, indicating that they had a perception of position and orientation. The larvae were able to maintain and disperse against the flow within the channel 32h after hatching at all velocities, which was mainly due to the development of pectoral and caudal fins that were actively involved in the swimming process, as well as the reduction in the dimensions of the yolk sac, which reduced drag.
与水坝建设相关的景观变化和水文变化极大地阻碍了繁殖的成功和迁徙物种的补充。然而，人们对迁徙动物繁殖成功所必需的流动条件知之甚少。本研究旨在分析帕拉纳河中重要的洄游动物之一——科林巴(Prochilodus lineatus, valciennes, 1836)，以确定卵漂移所需的最小流速，并分析其幼虫在不同流速下的行为。因此，我们通过实验评估了四种流速下在漂移模拟器通道(DSC)中释放的卵和幼虫的行为。此外，我们还研究了幼虫的游泳能力与它们的某些捕获能力的关系，以及幼虫身体的某些形态测量方法与它们的能力的关系。我们还进行了形态测量和计算幼虫的身体和鳍的比例，以确定哪些结构影响游泳能力。结果表明，流速大于0.081 m s-1的环境有利于虫卵漂移，增加了虫卵成功向下游地区迁移的机会。我们还观察到，在孵化后不久，幼虫将自己定位在水流上，这表明它们有位置和方向的感知。幼虫在孵化后32h都能在水流中保持和分散，这主要是由于胸鳍和尾鳍的发育积极参与了游动过程，以及卵黄囊尺寸的减小减小了阻力。
{"title":"Egg transport and larval behavior of curimba, Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836; Characiformes, Prochilodontidae) in a drift simulator channel","authors":"T. B. D. Queiroz, Dirceu Baumgartner, P. A. Piana, P. Sanches","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62680","url":null,"abstract":"Landscape changes and hydrologic alterations associated with dam construction have greatly hindered reproductive success and the recruitment of migratory species. However, little is known about the flow conditions that are necessary for the reproductive success of migrators. We aimed to analyze one of the important migrants of the Paraná River, the curimba, Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836), to determine the minimum velocities necessary for egg drift and analyze the behavior of larvae at different flow velocities. Thus, we experimentally evaluated the behavior of eggs and larvae released in a drift simulator channel (DSC) under four flow velocities. Additionally, we investigate the swimming ability of larvae in relation to certaintheirarvaeng ability in relation to asures of larval body to their ability ased in a Drift Simulator Channel certaincerrain morphometric measures of their bodies. We also performed morphometry and calculations of larval body and fin proportions to determine which structures influence swimming ability. The results indicated that environments with flow velocities greater than 0.081 m s-1 were favorable for egg drift and increased the chances of successful transport of eggs to downstream areas. We also observed that soon after hatching, the larvae positioned themselves against the flow, indicating that they had a perception of position and orientation. The larvae were able to maintain and disperse against the flow within the channel 32h after hatching at all velocities, which was mainly due to the development of pectoral and caudal fins that were actively involved in the swimming process, as well as the reduction in the dimensions of the yolk sac, which reduced drag.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75413673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.61160
Bárbara Couto Roloff Padilha, Henrique Queiroz Simão, T. Collares, Stella Buchhorn de Freitas, T. Oliveira, R. Schuch, R. Woloski, D. Hartwig
ErpY-like protein (LIC11966) is an antigen from Leptospira spp., which is possibly involved in the infection process and, consequently, can be a promising solution for the development of new diagnostic tests and vaccines. Here, the presence of the erpY-like gene was evaluated in several Leptospira serovars by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the ErpY-like recombinant protein was produced and characterized in terms of antigenicity and immunogenicity in vivo. The erpY-like gene was detected by PCR in all Leptospira pathogenic serovars tested (n = 8) and was absent in the saprophytic ones. The rErpY-like protein was recognized by antibodies present in the sera of humans and animals (swine and canine) naturally infected, suggesting ErpY-like expression during natural infection. The rErpY-like protein used to immunize mice with Freund’s adjuvant stimulated a mixed Th1/Th2 response, an important protective immunity against leptospirosis
{"title":"ErpY-like protein, a promising antigen to leptospirosis control: characterization of antigenic and immunogenic potential","authors":"Bárbara Couto Roloff Padilha, Henrique Queiroz Simão, T. Collares, Stella Buchhorn de Freitas, T. Oliveira, R. Schuch, R. Woloski, D. Hartwig","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.61160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.61160","url":null,"abstract":"ErpY-like protein (LIC11966) is an antigen from Leptospira spp., which is possibly involved in the infection process and, consequently, can be a promising solution for the development of new diagnostic tests and vaccines. Here, the presence of the erpY-like gene was evaluated in several Leptospira serovars by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the ErpY-like recombinant protein was produced and characterized in terms of antigenicity and immunogenicity in vivo. The erpY-like gene was detected by PCR in all Leptospira pathogenic serovars tested (n = 8) and was absent in the saprophytic ones. The rErpY-like protein was recognized by antibodies present in the sera of humans and animals (swine and canine) naturally infected, suggesting ErpY-like expression during natural infection. The rErpY-like protein used to immunize mice with Freund’s adjuvant stimulated a mixed Th1/Th2 response, an important protective immunity against leptospirosis","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76374622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60663
Ali Doǧru, H. Altundağ, M. S. Dündar, E. S. Darçın
In this study, nickel tolerance (NiSO4.7H2O) of some Turkish national barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes (Bülbül-89, Kalaycı-97, Karatay-94, Larende, Tarm-92, Tokak-157/37, Yesevi-93 and Zeynel Ağa) was investigated. Barley genotypes were exposed to different nickel concentrations [0 mM (control), 250, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm]. Nickel toxicity significantly inhibited root and coleoptile growth in all barley genotypes in a concentration-dependent manner. However, root growth was much more inhibited by nickel applications in comparison with coleoptile growth, probably due to a higher level of sensitivity of root meristems against nickel toxicity or direct contact of roots with nickel ions in the growth medium. Root growth in the genotype Karatay-94 and coleoptile growth in the genotype Yesevi-93 was more remarkably reduced by nickel toxicity. Root and coleoptile growth in the genotypes Larende and Kalaycı-97 were less affected under nickel toxicity, respectively. In addition, nickel toxicity disturbed water relations in barley genotypes dependent on the organ type, as demonstrated by more severe inhibition in root fresh weight as compared to coleoptile fresh weight. These results could show that nickel toxicity reduced water uptake from growth medium in barley genotypes used in this study. Changes in dry weight of roots and coleoptiles indicated that nickel toxicity more severely decreased biomass accumulation in roots of barley genotypes. The calculated tolerance indices demonstrated that the genotype Kalaycı-97 is the most tolerant to nickel toxicity, while the genotype Karatay-94 is the most susceptible one.
{"title":"A preliminary study on nickel tolerance of some barley genotypes","authors":"Ali Doǧru, H. Altundağ, M. S. Dündar, E. S. Darçın","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60663","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, nickel tolerance (NiSO4.7H2O) of some Turkish national barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes (Bülbül-89, Kalaycı-97, Karatay-94, Larende, Tarm-92, Tokak-157/37, Yesevi-93 and Zeynel Ağa) was investigated. Barley genotypes were exposed to different nickel concentrations [0 mM (control), 250, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm]. Nickel toxicity significantly inhibited root and coleoptile growth in all barley genotypes in a concentration-dependent manner. However, root growth was much more inhibited by nickel applications in comparison with coleoptile growth, probably due to a higher level of sensitivity of root meristems against nickel toxicity or direct contact of roots with nickel ions in the growth medium. Root growth in the genotype Karatay-94 and coleoptile growth in the genotype Yesevi-93 was more remarkably reduced by nickel toxicity. Root and coleoptile growth in the genotypes Larende and Kalaycı-97 were less affected under nickel toxicity, respectively. In addition, nickel toxicity disturbed water relations in barley genotypes dependent on the organ type, as demonstrated by more severe inhibition in root fresh weight as compared to coleoptile fresh weight. These results could show that nickel toxicity reduced water uptake from growth medium in barley genotypes used in this study. Changes in dry weight of roots and coleoptiles indicated that nickel toxicity more severely decreased biomass accumulation in roots of barley genotypes. The calculated tolerance indices demonstrated that the genotype Kalaycı-97 is the most tolerant to nickel toxicity, while the genotype Karatay-94 is the most susceptible one.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74915997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62064
Tatiane Monteiro-Ré, G. A. Dettke, Ana Raquel da Silva, M. Parolin, M. G. Caxambu
The rocky outcrops in the municipality of Campo Mourão (Paraná State) are all surrounded by remaining Atlantic Forest, unlike the typical outcrops associated with river courses, fields, or hilltops. Because it is such specific vegetation, it is essential to record the floristic composition, verifying only species and the conservation status of local populations. This study cataloged the species of vascular plants occurring in four rocky outcrops areas of Campo Mourão: Nishida outcrop (1,808 ha); Bica do Rio do Campo outcrop (0.458 ha); Perdoncini outcrop (0.228 ha), and Lago Azul State Park outcrop (0.021 ha). A total of 203 collections were analyzed, representing 152 species (eight exotic to Brazil), distributed in 66 families and 135 genera. The more richness families were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Bromeliaceae. The predominant life form was herbs and shrubs, and most species are terrestrial and rupicolous. The rocky outcrops of Campo Mourão, despite the small total area (25,150 m2), have 10 % of the exclusive species in the municipality. Also, 14 species are endemic in Brazil, and two are endemic in Paraná, being Portulaca hatschbachii (Portulacaceae) officially threatened to extinction in Brazil. In these areas, several species found have been little collected in Paraná State and Brazil, in addition to the presence of life forms adapted to survival on the exposed rock. This demonstrates that despite being small, these sites are critical environments for preserving biodiversity in the region.
坎波穆尔州(帕拉帕州)的岩石露头都被残存的大西洋森林所包围，不像典型的露头与河道、田野或山顶有关。由于它是如此特殊的植被，因此记录植物区系组成，仅核实物种和当地种群的保护状况至关重要。本研究对Campo mouro o: Nishida露头4个岩石露头区(1,808 ha)的维管植物种类进行了分类;Bica do Rio do Campo露头(0.458 ha);Perdoncini露头(0.228公顷)和Lago Azul州立公园露头(0.021公顷)。共分析了203份标本，包括152种(巴西外来种8种)，分属66科135属。丰富度最高的科为豆科、菊科、豆科、茜草科和凤梨科。主要的生命形式是草本和灌木，大多数种类是陆生和鲁滨逊。Campo mour的岩石露头，尽管总面积很小(25,150平方米)，但却拥有该市10%的特有物种。此外，在巴西有14种特有种，在paran有2种特有种，其中Portulaca hatschbachii (Portulacaceae)在巴西正式濒临灭绝。在这些地区，除了在暴露的岩石上适应生存的生命形式之外，在帕拉纳州和巴西发现的一些物种很少被收集到。这表明，尽管这些地点很小，但它们是保护该地区生物多样性的关键环境。
{"title":"Vascular flora of Southern Brazilian outcrops associated with Atlantic Forest: small relict environment that needs to be preserved","authors":"Tatiane Monteiro-Ré, G. A. Dettke, Ana Raquel da Silva, M. Parolin, M. G. Caxambu","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62064","url":null,"abstract":"The rocky outcrops in the municipality of Campo Mourão (Paraná State) are all surrounded by remaining Atlantic Forest, unlike the typical outcrops associated with river courses, fields, or hilltops. Because it is such specific vegetation, it is essential to record the floristic composition, verifying only species and the conservation status of local populations. This study cataloged the species of vascular plants occurring in four rocky outcrops areas of Campo Mourão: Nishida outcrop (1,808 ha); Bica do Rio do Campo outcrop (0.458 ha); Perdoncini outcrop (0.228 ha), and Lago Azul State Park outcrop (0.021 ha). A total of 203 collections were analyzed, representing 152 species (eight exotic to Brazil), distributed in 66 families and 135 genera. The more richness families were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Bromeliaceae. The predominant life form was herbs and shrubs, and most species are terrestrial and rupicolous. The rocky outcrops of Campo Mourão, despite the small total area (25,150 m2), have 10 % of the exclusive species in the municipality. Also, 14 species are endemic in Brazil, and two are endemic in Paraná, being Portulaca hatschbachii (Portulacaceae) officially threatened to extinction in Brazil. In these areas, several species found have been little collected in Paraná State and Brazil, in addition to the presence of life forms adapted to survival on the exposed rock. This demonstrates that despite being small, these sites are critical environments for preserving biodiversity in the region.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90726227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59921
Claudio Nona Morado, M. F. Andrade-Tubino, B. Pinto, F. G. Araújo
Industrial wastewater and agricultural practices are among the main activities discharging organic pollutants, such as Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and organochlorine insecticides (e.g. DDT - dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane), to the environment. In this study, we used the native Cichlidae fish species Geophagus brasiliensis as a sentinel to evaluate the hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase EROD activity, a biomarker of exposure to CYP1A-inducing pollutants, to assess the bioavailability of xenobiotics in two reaches of a large lotic system in Southeast Brazil: a less disturbed area (site 1) in the upper stretch, and an area in the middle stretch, which receives various industrial and agricultural effluents from upstream cities (site 2). In addition, G. brasiliensis were exposed to a single dose of 50 mg kg-1 beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) or of 50 mg kg-1 dimethylbenzoanthracene (DMBA) to test the effects on, respectively, the hepatic EROD activity in S9 supernatant fraction, and the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes three days after the i.p. treatments, and compared to an unexposed group, to test its potential as a sentinel for biomonitoring studies. The EROD activity was approximately two-fold higher in fish from the impacted stretches than in fish from the less disturbed stretches (p < 0.05). Micronuclei (MN) frequency was also significantly different (p < 0.01) in DMBA-treated fish. The induced EROD activity in the impacted site suggests that organochlorinated pollutants are reaching the biota of the Paraíba do Sul River, confirming the suitability of Geophagus brasiliensis as a useful sentinel species to detect changes caused by xenobiotics
工业废水和农业做法是向环境排放有机污染物，如多氯联苯同属物和有机氯杀虫剂(如滴滴涕-二氯二苯三氯乙烷)的主要活动。在这项研究中，我们以巴西土食蟹科原生鱼类巴西土食蟹为前点，评估肝脏7-乙氧基间苯二酚- o -去乙基酶EROD活性，这是暴露于cyp1a诱导污染物的生物标志物，以评估巴西东南部一个大型生态系统的两个河段外源生物利用度。此外，在S9上清馏分中，分别以50 mg kg-1 β -萘黄酮(BNF)和50 mg kg-1二甲基苯并蒽(DMBA)为单剂量，测试了它们对肝脏EROD活性的影响。以及在接受ipp治疗三天后微核红细胞的频率，并与未接受ipp治疗的一组进行比较，以测试其作为生物监测研究哨兵的潜力。受影响地段的鱼的EROD活性约为受影响地段的鱼的两倍(p < 0.05)。dmba处理鱼的微核(MN)频率也有显著差异(p < 0.01)。在受影响的地点诱导的EROD活性表明，有机氯污染物正在到达Paraíba do Sul河的生物群，证实了巴西土食虫作为检测外源引起的变化的有用哨兵物种的适用性
{"title":"The Cichlidae fish Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) has suitability as a sentinel species for changes caused by xenobiotics?","authors":"Claudio Nona Morado, M. F. Andrade-Tubino, B. Pinto, F. G. Araújo","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59921","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial wastewater and agricultural practices are among the main activities discharging organic pollutants, such as Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and organochlorine insecticides (e.g. DDT - dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane), to the environment. In this study, we used the native Cichlidae fish species Geophagus brasiliensis as a sentinel to evaluate the hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase EROD activity, a biomarker of exposure to CYP1A-inducing pollutants, to assess the bioavailability of xenobiotics in two reaches of a large lotic system in Southeast Brazil: a less disturbed area (site 1) in the upper stretch, and an area in the middle stretch, which receives various industrial and agricultural effluents from upstream cities (site 2). In addition, G. brasiliensis were exposed to a single dose of 50 mg kg-1 beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) or of 50 mg kg-1 dimethylbenzoanthracene (DMBA) to test the effects on, respectively, the hepatic EROD activity in S9 supernatant fraction, and the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes three days after the i.p. treatments, and compared to an unexposed group, to test its potential as a sentinel for biomonitoring studies. The EROD activity was approximately two-fold higher in fish from the impacted stretches than in fish from the less disturbed stretches (p < 0.05). Micronuclei (MN) frequency was also significantly different (p < 0.01) in DMBA-treated fish. The induced EROD activity in the impacted site suggests that organochlorinated pollutants are reaching the biota of the Paraíba do Sul River, confirming the suitability of Geophagus brasiliensis as a useful sentinel species to detect changes caused by xenobiotics","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91307809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.61005
Bernardo Ramos Simões Corrêa, Murilo Luiz e Castro Santana, Lilian de Castro Moraes Pinto, Fernanda Nunes de Araujo Fonseca, Carlos Alberto da Cruz Junior, R. D. Navarro
The Araguaia River is an important watercourse located in Central Brazil and well known for its diversity of fish fauna. Differences between landscape and resources in the distinct environments existing in a floodplain can determine the success of a species. This study presents a list of ichthyofauna species found in lentic and lotic environments in the floodplain of the Araguaia River basin, bordering Mato Grosso and Goiás States. We carried out sampling in July 2019, during the dry season, using diverse fish collection strategies, such as waiting nets, trawl, cast net and fishing rods. Were distributed 12 sampling points between lentic and lotic environments and we captured a total of 168 individuals of 42 species, 19 families and six orders. The predominant orders were Characiformes, Siluriformes and Cichliformes, while the families were Serrasalmidae, Characidae, Triportheidae, Curimatidae and Anostomidae. The genera Triportheus, Psectrogaster and Moenkhausia were the most abundant, while Pimelodus was the most dispersed. Results showed greater abundance and diversity in the lentic environment than in the lotic one, with top-of-the-chain species in both. The variance between environments and the presence of species that are endemic, recently described, of undefined taxonomic status, and bioindicators, highlight the importance of conserving and further studying the ichthyofauna in the Araguaia River basin.
{"title":"Evaluation of ichthyofauna in lotic and lentic environments in the Araguaia River basin, Cerrado Biome, Brazil","authors":"Bernardo Ramos Simões Corrêa, Murilo Luiz e Castro Santana, Lilian de Castro Moraes Pinto, Fernanda Nunes de Araujo Fonseca, Carlos Alberto da Cruz Junior, R. D. Navarro","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.61005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.61005","url":null,"abstract":"The Araguaia River is an important watercourse located in Central Brazil and well known for its diversity of fish fauna. Differences between landscape and resources in the distinct environments existing in a floodplain can determine the success of a species. This study presents a list of ichthyofauna species found in lentic and lotic environments in the floodplain of the Araguaia River basin, bordering Mato Grosso and Goiás States. We carried out sampling in July 2019, during the dry season, using diverse fish collection strategies, such as waiting nets, trawl, cast net and fishing rods. Were distributed 12 sampling points between lentic and lotic environments and we captured a total of 168 individuals of 42 species, 19 families and six orders. The predominant orders were Characiformes, Siluriformes and Cichliformes, while the families were Serrasalmidae, Characidae, Triportheidae, Curimatidae and Anostomidae. The genera Triportheus, Psectrogaster and Moenkhausia were the most abundant, while Pimelodus was the most dispersed. Results showed greater abundance and diversity in the lentic environment than in the lotic one, with top-of-the-chain species in both. The variance between environments and the presence of species that are endemic, recently described, of undefined taxonomic status, and bioindicators, highlight the importance of conserving and further studying the ichthyofauna in the Araguaia River basin.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74227446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60908
Igor Sulzbacher Schardong, Joice Aline Freiberg, Marcelo Aloísio Sulzbacher, N. Santana, N. N. Godeiro, Andreas Kohler, Z. Antoniolli, R. Jacques
A 52-year-old pine forest is characterized as an environment with low plant diversity and large accumulation of allelopathic litter with poor nutrient content. Collembola is sensitive to environmental conditions and may have difficulties living in these forests. This study aimed (1) to evaluate the abundance and richness of Collembola in the soil of a 52-year-old pine afforestation with different moisture contents; and (2) to identify the landhopper sampled unintentionally. For sampling, pitfall traps were set up for four days, in areas of a Pinus elliottii afforestation with high and low soil moisture located at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Collembola specimens were counted and identified to family and genus level. The total abundance of springtails was greater in the low soil moisture area. The genera Desoria and Lepidocyrtus, and specimens of the family Onychiuridae were more abundant in low soil moisture, meanwhile, the genus Ceratophysella was more abundant in the high soil moisture. The landhopper Talitroides sylvaticus was sampled unintentionally by traps set up in the soil with higher moisture and calcium content. Six genera of Collembola and the landhopper T. sylvaticus were identified in soil of a P. elliottii afforestation and their distribution is influenced by soil moisture.
{"title":"Diversity of Collembola and occurrence of Talitroides sylvaticus in a Pinus elliottii Engelm afforestation","authors":"Igor Sulzbacher Schardong, Joice Aline Freiberg, Marcelo Aloísio Sulzbacher, N. Santana, N. N. Godeiro, Andreas Kohler, Z. Antoniolli, R. Jacques","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60908","url":null,"abstract":"A 52-year-old pine forest is characterized as an environment with low plant diversity and large accumulation of allelopathic litter with poor nutrient content. Collembola is sensitive to environmental conditions and may have difficulties living in these forests. This study aimed (1) to evaluate the abundance and richness of Collembola in the soil of a 52-year-old pine afforestation with different moisture contents; and (2) to identify the landhopper sampled unintentionally. For sampling, pitfall traps were set up for four days, in areas of a Pinus elliottii afforestation with high and low soil moisture located at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Collembola specimens were counted and identified to family and genus level. The total abundance of springtails was greater in the low soil moisture area. The genera Desoria and Lepidocyrtus, and specimens of the family Onychiuridae were more abundant in low soil moisture, meanwhile, the genus Ceratophysella was more abundant in the high soil moisture. The landhopper Talitroides sylvaticus was sampled unintentionally by traps set up in the soil with higher moisture and calcium content. Six genera of Collembola and the landhopper T. sylvaticus were identified in soil of a P. elliottii afforestation and their distribution is influenced by soil moisture.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88330527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60599
D. Olentino, C. Lubich, Markus Leal, Kedma C. Yamamoto
The present study describes the length-weight relationship of four species of ornamental fish caught on the banks of Tupé lake in lower Rio Negro, Amazonas state, Brazil in the months of September and December 2017, and February, March, and April 2018 with the aid of gillnets (20 m x 2 m, with 5 mm between knots), and landing nets, which were used specifically for collections close to the trunks. Acarichthys heckelii (b= 2.9444) and Nannostomus unifasciatus (b=3.0887) were the only species to show isometric growth, while Pseudoloricaria laeviuscula (b=3.273) showed positive allometric growth and Hemigrammus levis (b=2.5216) presented negative allometric growth. All length-weight-relationships presented herein are recorded for the first time from the Rio Negro basin
{"title":"Length-weight relationship of four species of ornamental fish from the lower Rio Negro basin in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"D. Olentino, C. Lubich, Markus Leal, Kedma C. Yamamoto","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60599","url":null,"abstract":"The present study describes the length-weight relationship of four species of ornamental fish caught on the banks of Tupé lake in lower Rio Negro, Amazonas state, Brazil in the months of September and December 2017, and February, March, and April 2018 with the aid of gillnets (20 m x 2 m, with 5 mm between knots), and landing nets, which were used specifically for collections close to the trunks. Acarichthys heckelii (b= 2.9444) and Nannostomus unifasciatus (b=3.0887) were the only species to show isometric growth, while Pseudoloricaria laeviuscula (b=3.273) showed positive allometric growth and Hemigrammus levis (b=2.5216) presented negative allometric growth. All length-weight-relationships presented herein are recorded for the first time from the Rio Negro basin","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74550882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62297
A. Chacón-Ortiz, C. Busanello, A. Oliveira, L. C. Maia, J. A. Fernando, C. Pegoraro
The olive crop has a large diversity in cultivars around the world, whose identification have been based on leaf, stem or fruit traits. However, these traits may be influenced by the environment, which has led to the misidentification of cultivars. The variability of the pistil and pollen structure under electron scanning and light microscopy were studied using the cultivars 'Arbequina', 'Arbosana', 'Frantoio', 'Koroneiki', 'Manzanilla de Sevilla' and 'Picual', cultivated in Southern Brazil. The aim was to find unique patterns for their identification. This type of study has not been carried out in the conditions of Southern Brazil, where the identification of commercial cultivars sometimes is complex and confusing. There were significant differences in the variables, showing uniformity within each cultivar in different locations. The principal component analysis indicated a separation of cultivars according to similarities or micromorphological differences in the pollen wall, area of the lumen and the structural elements of the tectum. For the analysis of the pistil, the separation was even clearer, each cultivar individually forming a cluster, using as characters the length of the style in contrast to the length, width and area of the stigma. This evidenced little variation among individuals within the same cultivar. The information provided can contribute to the individual identification of very close olive tree cultivars in the conditions of Southern Brazil.
世界各地的橄榄品种多样性很大，其鉴定是基于叶片、茎或果实的性状。然而，这些性状可能受到环境的影响，从而导致品种的误认。以巴西南部栽培品种“Arbequina”、“Arbosana”、“Frantoio”、“Koroneiki”、“Manzanilla de Sevilla”和“Picual”为研究材料，在电子扫描和光学显微镜下研究了雌花和花粉结构的变异。其目的是找到独特的模式来识别它们。这种类型的研究还没有在巴西南部的条件下进行，在那里，商业品种的鉴定有时是复杂和混乱的。各品种在不同地理位置表现出均匀性。主成分分析表明，在花粉壁、管腔面积和顶盖结构成分等方面存在相似或微形态差异，是不同品种间的分离。对于雌蕊的分析，分离更加明显，每个品种单独形成一个簇，以花柱的长度作为特征，而不是柱头的长度、宽度和面积。这证明在同一品种内的个体之间几乎没有变异。所提供的信息有助于巴西南部条件下非常接近的橄榄树品种的个体鉴定。
{"title":"Use of microstructural characteristics of pollen and pistil to identify olive cultivars in Southern Brazil","authors":"A. Chacón-Ortiz, C. Busanello, A. Oliveira, L. C. Maia, J. A. Fernando, C. Pegoraro","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.62297","url":null,"abstract":"The olive crop has a large diversity in cultivars around the world, whose identification have been based on leaf, stem or fruit traits. However, these traits may be influenced by the environment, which has led to the misidentification of cultivars. The variability of the pistil and pollen structure under electron scanning and light microscopy were studied using the cultivars 'Arbequina', 'Arbosana', 'Frantoio', 'Koroneiki', 'Manzanilla de Sevilla' and 'Picual', cultivated in Southern Brazil. The aim was to find unique patterns for their identification. This type of study has not been carried out in the conditions of Southern Brazil, where the identification of commercial cultivars sometimes is complex and confusing. There were significant differences in the variables, showing uniformity within each cultivar in different locations. The principal component analysis indicated a separation of cultivars according to similarities or micromorphological differences in the pollen wall, area of the lumen and the structural elements of the tectum. For the analysis of the pistil, the separation was even clearer, each cultivar individually forming a cluster, using as characters the length of the style in contrast to the length, width and area of the stigma. This evidenced little variation among individuals within the same cultivar. The information provided can contribute to the individual identification of very close olive tree cultivars in the conditions of Southern Brazil.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87690577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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