Acta tropica最新文献

{"title":"In search of pathogenic Leptospira species in Myotis and other vesper bats, Russia","authors":"Alex Lintu Viskontene ,&nbsp;Ekaterina V. Radyuk ,&nbsp;Oleg A. Shapkin ,&nbsp;Evgeniy A. Khizhkin ,&nbsp;Victoria P. Bulanenko ,&nbsp;Yana A. Voytsekhovskaya ,&nbsp;Sergey G. Medvedev ,&nbsp;Lyudmila S. Karan","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various bat species worldwide have been identified as <em>Leptospira</em> carriers, especially in tropical regions. In this study, we investigated the infection of Vespertilionidae bats by pathogenic <em>Leptospira</em> in north-west Russia. Out of 264 bats from 13 species, the urine of 24 specimens tested positive according to a polymerase chain reaction test. The infected species were exclusively <em>Myotis</em> bats: <em>M. brandtii</em> (1/56; 1.8 %); <em>M. dasycneme</em> (9/40; 22.5 %); and <em>M. daubentonii</em> (14/47; 29.8 %). The detected <em>Leptospira</em> strains were similar to <em>L. kirschneri</em> and <em>L. borgpetersenii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 107506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wolbachia-based mosquito control: Environmental perspectives on population suppression and replacement strategies","authors":"Joydeb Bhattacharyya ,&nbsp;Daniel L. Roelke","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant threat to global health, and traditional mosquito control methods often fall short of effectiveness. A promising alternative is the biological control strategy of transinfecting mosquitoes with <em>Wolbachia</em>, a bacterium capable of outcompeting harmful pathogens and reducing the ability of mosquitoes to transmit diseases. However, <em>Wolbachia</em> infections are sensitive to abiotic environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, which can affect their densities in mosquitoes and, consequently, their ability to block pathogens. This review evaluates the effectiveness of different <em>Wolbachia</em> strains transinfected into mosquitoes in reducing mosquito-borne diseases. It explores how <em>Wolbachia</em> contributes to mosquito population control and pathogen interference, highlighting the importance of mathematical models in understanding <em>Wolbachia</em> transmission dynamics. Additionally, the review addresses the potential impact on arboviral transmission and the challenges posed by environmental fluctuations in mosquito control programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 107517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and prevalence of Blastocystis subtypes in Alborz Province, Iran: A molecular epidemiological study","authors":"Ehsan Karimi ,&nbsp;Zohreh Momeni ,&nbsp;Vahid Nasiri ,&nbsp;Azar Sabokbar","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of <em>Blastocystis</em>. Additionally, it aimed to explore, for the first time in Iran, the potential association between <em>Blastocystis</em> infection and ABO blood groups. Another focus was to examine the relationship between <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes and blood groups, an often overlooked risk factor, within the population of Alborz Province, Iran. 450 stool samples were collected from diagnostic facilities across Alborz Province between June 2022 and April 2024. The presence of <em>Blastocystis</em> was confirmed in 64 out of 450 samples (14.22 %) using the Nested PCR-RFLP technique. Among the 64 positive samples, nine (2 %) were classified as indeterminate.</div><div>Two distinct <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes were identified in 55 isolates, accounting for 12.22 % of the total samples. ST1 was detected in 44 isolates (9.77 %), rendering it the most prevalent subtype, while ST3 was identified in 11 isolates (2.44 %). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using sequencing data and compared against genotypes available in GenBank. Significant differences between infected and non-infected individuals were observed regarding educational attainment, marital status, and blood type (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). A significant association was found between ABO blood groups and the prevalence of <em>Blastocystis</em> infection (<em>p</em> = 0.019). However, when examining the correlation between <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes (ST1 and ST3) and ABO blood groups, no significant overall association was observed. Nonetheless, specific associations were found for blood groups O+ and B-, with subtype ST1 being more prevalent in these groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 107537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new myxozoan parasites, Myxobolus mayarum n. sp. and Kudoa mayarum n. sp., infecting the neotropical fish Mayan Cichlid, Mayaheros urophthalmus (Günther, 1862) in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico","authors":"Graciela Colunga-Ramírez ,&nbsp;M. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo ,&nbsp;Kálmán Molnár ,&nbsp;Csaba Székely ,&nbsp;Boglárka Sellyei ,&nbsp;Gábor Cech","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biodiversity of freshwater fishes is extensive in Mexico; however, knowledge of their associated myxozoan parasites is limited. This study aimed to recognize myxozoan parasites in the endemic fish <em>Mayaheros urophthalmus</em>. Two new species, <em>Myxobolus mayarum</em> n. sp. and <em>Kudoa mayarum</em> n. sp. were described from <em>M. urophthalmus</em> collected in the Celestún Coastal Lagoon and Baldiosera Freshwater Spring from the Yucatán Peninsula. <em>Myxobolus mayarum</em> n. sp. was found in 100 % of the examined fish, infecting the gills, kidney, pectoral fins, and spleen. The spores were round, 11.34 ± 0.67 μm length, 10.03 ± 0.44 μm width, and 7.22 ± 0.45 μm thickness. The polar capsules were pyriform and equal in size, 3.85 ± 0.29 μm length and 2.27 ± 0.20 μm width. The polar tubule 30.71 ± 2.10 μm long and coiled 5–6 times. <em>Kudoa mayarum</em> n. sp. was found in 30 % of fish, infecting the heart, oesophagus, and stomach. The spores were subspherical, 5.40 ± 0.40 μm length and 5.76 ± 0.37 μm width. The polar capsules were ellipsoidal and equal in size, 1.90 ± 0.27 μm length and 1.46 ± 0.20 μm width. The phylogenetic analyses based on the small and large subunits ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA and 28S rDNA) sequences demonstrated that these two species are distinct from other published myxozoans, providing evidence to support the description of two new species. This study constitutes the first record of myxozoans from the Yucatán Peninsula, contributing to increase the knowledge about the biodiversity of myxozoans in neotropical regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 107527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunization with plant-based vaccine expressing Toxoplasma gondii SAG1 fused to plant HSP90 elicits protective immune response in lambs","authors":"Lucía M. Campero ,&nbsp;Ignacio Gual ,&nbsp;Valeria A. Sander ,&nbsp;Luisa F. Mendoza Morales ,&nbsp;Victor A. Ramos Duarte ,&nbsp;Paula M. Formigo ,&nbsp;Emiliano Sosa ,&nbsp;Fermín Lázaro ,&nbsp;María Valeria Scioli ,&nbsp;Agustín Atela ,&nbsp;Ariel Legarralde ,&nbsp;Federico A. Hozbor ,&nbsp;Germán J. Cantón ,&nbsp;Sergio O. Angel ,&nbsp;Dadín P. Moore ,&nbsp;Marina Clemente","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> is a protozoan parasite causing toxoplasmosis, a principal concern for public health and livestock industries. Effective vaccination strategies are crucial for controlling toxoplasmosis, particularly in the lamb, which are significant reservoirs of <em>T. gondii</em>. In addition, ovine toxoplasmosis also causes economic losses due to abortions and reproductive complications. In this study, we evaluated two immunization strategies to elucidate the immune protective potential of <em>T. gondi</em> major surface protein SAG1 fused to the plant heat shock proteins 90-kDa (pHsp90) adjuvant against experimental toxoplasmosis in lambs. We performed an oral administration of fresh leaves homogenate infiltrated with a B- and T-cell antigenic epitope-containing surface protein SAG1 (SAG1HC) fused to <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> Hsp90 (AtHsp81.2-SAG1HC) (Plant Vaccine) and a subcutaneous administration of recombinant SAG1HC fused to <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> Hsp90 (NbHsp90.3-SAG1HC) produced in <em>Escherichia coli</em> (Recombinant Vaccine). Our results showed that only the Recombinant Vaccine significantly increased anti-rSAG1 total IgG values (∼ 4-fold more than the Vehicle and Control groups). In addition, only lambs immunized with the Plant Vaccine showed a significant increase (∼ 3-fold more than the Vehicle and Control groups) in IFN-γ serum levels after the experimental infection (evaluated 8 days post-challenge). On the other hand, we also observed a statistically significant decrease (∼ 80 % less) in histopathological lesions (injury score) in challenged vaccinated lambs compared to challenged but not vaccinated animals (Vehicle and Control groups). Previously, we showed that the chimera recombinant Gra4-Gra7 protein is an acute marker of human infection. Since Gra4-Gra7 is not connected to the SAG1 immunogen, this chimera allows us to monitor infection in challenged lambs early. All lambs from the Control and Vehicle groups showed higher rates of serological reactivity than lambs from the vaccinated groups, concurrently with increased severity of lesions. These results suggest that the Plant-based and Recombinant Vaccines are promising candidates for controlling <em>T. gondii</em> infection in lambs, with potential benefits for enhancing public health and animal welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 107540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential B cell mediated immune response during Plasmodium yoelii infection in mice","authors":"Meenu Kalkal,&nbsp;Jyoti Das","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>B lymphocytes are essential components of the humoral immune response and categorized into various subsets according to specific surface markers, functions, and developmental stages. Each subset of B cells plays a distinct role in the immune response, contributing to the overall effectiveness of the immune system. In this study, we investigated the modulation of different splenic subsets of B cells during <em>Plasmodium yoelii</em> infection. Balb/c mice infected with each <em>Plasmodium yoelii</em> XL and <em>Plasmodium yoelii</em> XNL parasite were used for phenotypic characterization of splenic B cell subsets through flow-cytometry. Our findings indicate that both lethal and non-lethal infections of <em>Plasmodium yoelii</em> result in significant alterations within the B cell compartment of the spleen in Balb/c mice during malaria infection. Notably, a differential expansion of immature B cell subsets T1 and T2 was noticed. A continuous reduction in frequency of both subsets (T1 and T2) during infection with lethal parasite while an increase in these subsets during the recovery from infection with non-lethal parasite was observed. Further, the frequencies of mature B cell subsets, follicular B cells and marginal zone B cells, were reduced during lethal infection which may be leading to susceptibility. Whereas non-lethal parasite infection resulted in increased frequency of follicular B cells in spleen which indicates towards establishment of germinal centre for generation of long-term immunity/resistance to infection. This differential expansion of splenic B cell subsets reflects the distinct characteristics of lethal and non-lethal parasite. Overall, these findings illustrate the potential role of B cells in resistance/susceptibility during malaria infection and further enhance our understanding of the B cell mediated immunological aspects of <em>Plasmodium</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 107533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nation-wide surveillance of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on dogs and cats in Singapore","authors":"Mackenzie L. Kwak ,&nbsp;Abigail Ng ,&nbsp;Ryo Nakao","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Companion animals are major reservoirs of zoonotic parasites and pathogens. Among these, ticks and tick-borne pathogens are of particular concern. Efforts to study the zoonotic risks associated with companion animals in Singapore have been hampered by a poor understanding of the ticks of local dogs and cats. To address this knowledge gap, ticks from companion animals were collected as part of Singapore's first nation-wide tick surveillance program beginning in 2018. Under the program, a total of 362 ticks were collected from dogs and one cat. These represented three tick genera and five species: <em>Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Haemaphysalis hystricis, Haemaphysalis papuana, Rhipicephalus linnaei,</em> and <em>Dermacentor auratus</em>. The most dominant species within companion animal-tick communities in Singapore were <em>H. bispinosa</em> and <em>R. linnaei</em>. The species diversity and health risks associated with companion animal ticks in Singapore are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 107536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the mechanism and drug candidates of alveolar echinococcosis affecting liver fibrosis through analysis of existing microarray data","authors":"Jialing Wang ,&nbsp;Pengtao Li ,&nbsp;Yuqian Li ,&nbsp;Chunsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Kulaixi Xilizhati ,&nbsp;Jianrong Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Echinococcosis, a zoonotic disease, significantly impacts the liver, with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) often leading to liver fibrosis and, in severe cases, cirrhosis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which AE infection promotes liver fibrosis remain incompletely understood. This study utilized bioinformatic analysis of existing microarray data to explore the shared mechanisms between AE and liver fibrosis and to identify potential therapeutic drug candidates. We analyzed gene expression datasets to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by enrichment analyses using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases to determine biological functions and pathways. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and key hub genes were identified using Cytoscape software. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated and correlated with hub gene expression. Transcription factors regulating DEGs were predicted using the TRRUST database, and drug-target interactions were explored using DrugBank. A total of 260 DEGs were identified, primarily associated with cell cycle regulation and immune response pathways. Ten hub genes (DLGAP5, AURKA, MELK, CCNB2, CCNA2, NUF2, BUB1B, BUB1, TOP2A, and CCNB1) were highlighted for their significant interconnectivity and functional relevance. Immune infiltration analysis revealed dysregulation in immune responses, and transcription factor analysis identified E2F3 as a key regulatory factor with decreased expression in both AE and liver fibrosis. Finally, 135 candidate drugs targeting these hub genes were identified, offering new insights into therapeutic strategies. This study provides a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying AE-related liver fibrosis and highlights potential drug candidates for clinical exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"263 ","pages":"Article 107532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of Henneguya chirodactyli n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea), a parasite of the Peruvian morwong Chirodactylus variegatus (Valenciennes, 1833) (Centrarchiformes: Latridae)","authors":"K. Mayta ,&nbsp;G. Sotil ,&nbsp;J.D. Chero","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new species of <em>Henneguya</em> Thélohan, 1892 (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida: Myxobolidae) infecting the internal region of the stomach of the Peruvian morwong <em>Chirodactylus variegatus</em> (Valenciennes, 1833) (Centrarchiformes: Latridae), an economically important fish in Peruvian artisanal fishery, is described. Morphologically, <em>Henneguya chirodactyli</em> n. sp. differs from all its congeners due to the combination of myxospore dimensions, polar filament coil count, and an external envelope in the spore body. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA gene sequences places this new species as sister to <em>H. lagunensis</em> de Azevedo, Negrelli, de Oliveira, Abdallah, Camara, Matos and Vieira, 2021. Furthermore, this species is located in a clade composed of 12 species of <em>Henneguya</em> and one of <em>Myxobolus</em> Bütschli, 1882, all of which infect marine fish. We emphasize that this is the first study performed with an integrative approach, including morphological (external), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular descriptions, of a <em>Henneguya</em> species from a Peruvian marine environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 107488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular RNAs as a new perspective in the diagnosis and mechanism of Leishmania infections","authors":"Hamid Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Can Muftuoğlu ,&nbsp;Zeph Nelson Omondi ,&nbsp;Ufuk Mert ,&nbsp;Milad Asadi ,&nbsp;Ahmet Ozbilgin ,&nbsp;Ayse Caner","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leishmaniasis is a neglected infectious disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by <em>Leishmania infantum</em> and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by <em>L. major</em>/ <em>L. tropica</em> are the main clinical forms of this disease, which are life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated properly. Considering the problems in sampling and laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis, new molecular markers such as circular RNAs (circRNAs) are needed. circRNAs, a novel class of RNAs, have been one of the most promising targets for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Although the therapeutic and diagnostic role of circRNAs in many diseases and some parasitic diseases are known, not much research has been done in the field of leishmaniasis. We determined the gene expressions of circRNAs in human leukemia monocytic (THP-1) cells after infection with <em>Leishmania</em>. For this, the human cell line THP-1 was differentiated into macrophages by Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment. Differentiated THP-1 cells were infected with <em>L. infantum and L. tropica</em> promastigotes. After 24 hours, expression levels of circRNAs were determined by RT-qPCR technique. Also, the microRNAs associated with differentially expressed circRNAs were investigated. Then, the molecular pathways associated with expressed circRNAs were obtained by GO and Reactome. The results showed that five circRNAs were differentially expressed in THP1 macrophages infected with <em>L. infantum</em> and <em>L. tropica</em>. These findings suggest that some circRNAs may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis in <em>Leishmania</em>-infected patients. The enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed circRNAs are mainly involved in the regulation of protein stability, RNA catabolic process, and P53/PTK6 signaling mechanism. This is the first study to report an overview of <em>Leishmania</em>-induced circRNAs, which can be potential biomarker candidate for diagnosis especially at species level. Notably, expression of some circRNAs in supernatant of <em>Leishmania</em> infected macrophages suggests that these genes are available in body fluids, therefore, can easily be accessed from the patient without invasive methods especially during treatment monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 107509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}