Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107484
Stephany Rodríguez-González , Daniel Sánchez-Ochoa , Herón Huerta , Manuel Edday Farfán-Beltrán , Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
We need to understand how zoonotic diseases make their way in urbanized areas, and one way is via gathering well-structured temporal and spatial accounts of zoonotic disease vectors. Due to its large biotic and abiotic heterogeneity, Mexico City provides favorable environmental conditions for the proliferation of mosquitoes including vector species of medical importance. Hereby we present the results of one year sampling (May 2023-April 2024) in eight contrasting locations in Mexico City. In total, 4,861 mosquitoes belonging to 11 species were captured, with Culex stigmatosoma and Culex restuans emerging as the most dominant, while Anopheles aztecus, Culex erythrothorax and Aedes trivittatus were the least abundant. Monthly fluctuations in the composition and abundance of species were observed at each site, highlighting cemeteries as the places with the highest mosquito density, making them key areas for monitoring. This research should serve local health authorities to guide mosquito control strategies, and two key candidates are Culex quinquefasciatus and Cx. restuans, particularly from June to November which is when their abundance reaches a peak.
{"title":"Mosquito diversity, abundance and phenology in Mexico City: A heavily urbanized environment","authors":"Stephany Rodríguez-González , Daniel Sánchez-Ochoa , Herón Huerta , Manuel Edday Farfán-Beltrán , Alex Córdoba-Aguilar","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We need to understand how zoonotic diseases make their way in urbanized areas, and one way is via gathering well-structured temporal and spatial accounts of zoonotic disease vectors. Due to its large biotic and abiotic heterogeneity, Mexico City provides favorable environmental conditions for the proliferation of mosquitoes including vector species of medical importance. Hereby we present the results of one year sampling (May 2023-April 2024) in eight contrasting locations in Mexico City. In total, 4,861 mosquitoes belonging to 11 species were captured, with <em>Culex stigmatosoma</em> and <em>Culex restuans</em> emerging as the most dominant, while <em>Anopheles aztecus, Culex erythrothorax</em> and <em>Aedes trivittatus</em> were the least abundant. Monthly fluctuations in the composition and abundance of species were observed at each site, highlighting cemeteries as the places with the highest mosquito density, making them key areas for monitoring. This research should serve local health authorities to guide mosquito control strategies, and two key candidates are <em>Culex quinquefasciatus</em> and <em>Cx. restuans</em>, particularly from June to November which is when their abundance reaches a peak.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 107484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107481
Doyeon Lee, Keunhwan Kim
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic highlighted the necessity and limitations of scientific collaboration and equitable and effective international research partnerships. The spread of mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) presents severe public health challenges, particularly in Southeast Asia. Addressing these threats requires establishing regional priorities, bridging research gaps, and strengthening long-term international collaboration. We propose a practical approach to multifaceted perspectives to enhance collaboration across Asia. This study examines MBD-related scientific publications from nine Southeast Asian countries between January 2017 and June 2024, utilizing bibliometric analysis and data visualization to identify research trends, research capacities, key institutions, and international collaborative partners. Thailand and Singapore led the dengue research, followed by Malaysia and Indonesia. Vietnam and the Philippines demonstrated moderate research capabilities, whereas Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar had lower capacities. Relationships with high-income countries drove international collaboration, whereas intra-regional collaboration in Southeast Asia increased. Furthermore, we identified directions for cooperative opportunities between South Korea and other Southeast Asian countries by analyzing their relative research capacities for infectious MBDs. We propose a practical approach to bridge research-capacity gaps and strengthen collaboration between low- and middle-income countries. These findings provide fundamental information for developing future infectious-disease-response strategies and international-collaboration research partnerships and facilitate the implementation of effective global public health preparedness policies and evidence-based decision-making, such as knowledge-transfer and resource-sharing.
{"title":"A practical approach to multifaceted perspectives for sustainable international collaboration on mosquito-borne diseases in Southeast Asia","authors":"Doyeon Lee, Keunhwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic highlighted the necessity and limitations of scientific collaboration and equitable and effective international research partnerships. The spread of mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) presents severe public health challenges, particularly in Southeast Asia. Addressing these threats requires establishing regional priorities, bridging research gaps, and strengthening long-term international collaboration. We propose a practical approach to multifaceted perspectives to enhance collaboration across Asia. This study examines MBD-related scientific publications from nine Southeast Asian countries between January 2017 and June 2024, utilizing bibliometric analysis and data visualization to identify research trends, research capacities, key institutions, and international collaborative partners. Thailand and Singapore led the dengue research, followed by Malaysia and Indonesia. Vietnam and the Philippines demonstrated moderate research capabilities, whereas Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar had lower capacities. Relationships with high-income countries drove international collaboration, whereas intra-regional collaboration in Southeast Asia increased. Furthermore, we identified directions for cooperative opportunities between South Korea and other Southeast Asian countries by analyzing their relative research capacities for infectious MBDs. We propose a practical approach to bridge research-capacity gaps and strengthen collaboration between low- and middle-income countries. These findings provide fundamental information for developing future infectious-disease-response strategies and international-collaboration research partnerships and facilitate the implementation of effective global public health preparedness policies and evidence-based decision-making, such as knowledge-transfer and resource-sharing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 107481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107483
Ali Jafari, Ali Asghar Alesheikh, Iman Zandi, Aynaz Lotfata
Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria, poses significant risks to human, livestock, and wildlife health, alongside economic losses from livestock morbidity and mortality. This study improves Human Brucellosis Susceptibility Mapping (HBSM) by integrating the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) with meta-heuristic algorithms, including Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Boruta-XGBoost identified key covariates, while VIF and tolerance tests addressed collinearity, and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values enhanced model interpretability. In Mazandaran province, Iran (2012-2018), the hybrid ANFIS-PSO model demonstrated superior performance (RMSE: 0.5076; R2: 0.6980). SHAP analysis highlighted mean elevation, NDVI, and relative humidity as the most impactful covariates, while max evaporation and precipitation had minimal influence. ANFIS-based models outperformed Support Vector Regression (SVR), offering a robust framework for brucellosis control. This approach enables effective interventions and resource allocation, with potential for improvement through advanced algorithms and greater interpretability.
{"title":"Spatial prediction of human brucellosis susceptibility using an explainable optimized adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system.","authors":"Ali Jafari, Ali Asghar Alesheikh, Iman Zandi, Aynaz Lotfata","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria, poses significant risks to human, livestock, and wildlife health, alongside economic losses from livestock morbidity and mortality. This study improves Human Brucellosis Susceptibility Mapping (HBSM) by integrating the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) with meta-heuristic algorithms, including Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Boruta-XGBoost identified key covariates, while VIF and tolerance tests addressed collinearity, and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values enhanced model interpretability. In Mazandaran province, Iran (2012-2018), the hybrid ANFIS-PSO model demonstrated superior performance (RMSE: 0.5076; R<sup>2</sup>: 0.6980). SHAP analysis highlighted mean elevation, NDVI, and relative humidity as the most impactful covariates, while max evaporation and precipitation had minimal influence. ANFIS-based models outperformed Support Vector Regression (SVR), offering a robust framework for brucellosis control. This approach enables effective interventions and resource allocation, with potential for improvement through advanced algorithms and greater interpretability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and is one of the major causes of mortality in poverty-stricken areas. A limited chemotherapeutics arsenal is available to tackle this deadly infection. Thus, identifying novel potent scaffolds using innovative strategies is the need of the hour. High-throughput screening (HTS) is a critical technique that can accelerate the process of drug discovery by evaluating millions of drug-like molecules using various automation tools and biological assays. In the present study, we have employed the HTS strategy to identify potent hits against Leishmania donovani sterol C-24 methyltransferase (LdSMT) from the in-house ChemBridge library. Firstly, a robust dataset was prepared with previously reported sterol C-24 methyltransferase inhibitors, belonging to diverse structural classes. Then, ligand-based virtual screening using similarity search was performed to screen the ChemBridge library having ∼20,000 molecules. This computational approach yielded 81 candidate compounds, which were selected for further molecular docking and biological evaluation. Anti-leishmanial assays revealed that out of 81 molecules, seven showed potential parasitic killing. Three molecules namely IIIM-CB-14, IIIM-CB-29, and IIIM-CB-45 were the most potent ones with 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 5.76, 8.08, and 10.64 µg/mL, respectively. SEM analyses suggest that these potent hits cause considerable morphological alterations. ADME studies of the potent hit molecules indicate that all the hits have considerable drug-likeness properties. Further, molecular dynamics studies were also performed to check the stable confirmation of LdSMT protein with the top two hits (IIIM-CB-14 and IIIM-CB-45). Thus, the present study harnesses computational and experimental approaches to unravel potent anti-leishmanial scaffolds.
{"title":"Harnessing computational and experimental approaches to identify potent hits against Leishmania donovani sterol C-24 methyltransferase from ChemBridge library","authors":"Diksha Kumari , Tashi Palmo , Somdutt Mujwar , Kuljit Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and is one of the major causes of mortality in poverty-stricken areas. A limited chemotherapeutics arsenal is available to tackle this deadly infection. Thus, identifying novel potent scaffolds using innovative strategies is the need of the hour. High-throughput screening (HTS) is a critical technique that can accelerate the process of drug discovery by evaluating millions of drug-like molecules using various automation tools and biological assays. In the present study, we have employed the HTS strategy to identify potent hits against <em>Leishmania donovani</em> sterol C-24 methyltransferase (LdSMT) from the in-house ChemBridge library. Firstly, a robust dataset was prepared with previously reported sterol C-24 methyltransferase inhibitors, belonging to diverse structural classes. Then, ligand-based virtual screening using similarity search was performed to screen the ChemBridge library having ∼20,000 molecules. This computational approach yielded 81 candidate compounds, which were selected for further molecular docking and biological evaluation. Anti-leishmanial assays revealed that out of 81 molecules, seven showed potential parasitic killing. Three molecules namely <strong>IIIM-CB-14, IIIM-CB-29</strong>, and <strong>IIIM-CB-45</strong> were the most potent ones with 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) of 5.76, 8.08, and 10.64 µg/mL, respectively. SEM analyses suggest that these potent hits cause considerable morphological alterations. ADME studies of the potent hit molecules indicate that all the hits have considerable drug-likeness properties. Further, molecular dynamics studies were also performed to check the stable confirmation of LdSMT protein with the top two hits (<strong>IIIM-CB-14</strong> and <strong>IIIM-CB-45</strong>). Thus, the present study harnesses computational and experimental approaches to unravel potent anti-leishmanial scaffolds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 107473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107478
Bárbara Cristina Félix Nogueira , Nicole Tafnes de Brito Silva Honório , Paola Eduarda de Almeida Souza , Gabrielle Oliveira Soares , Artur Kanadani Campos , Marta Fonseca Martins , Wanessa Araújo Carvalho , Emanuelle Baldo Gaspar
Reverse vaccinology is a novel vaccine development technology that uses genome and proteome analyses through bioinformatics to select antigenic epitopes capable of eliciting an immunological and protective response through a quick and cheap methodology. However, data on its use in animal health are scant and further research is advocated. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence of the efficiency of reverse vaccinology in the search for antigens against bovine parasites, as well as its perspectives and limitations. One hundred seventy-four studies were found, of which 95 were selected for full reading following the PRISMA guidelines and considering all databases. After the last evaluation and reading of the references, only 19 studies were included and evaluated for methodological quality and biases. The studies applied reverse vaccinology to bacteria, protozoa, and ectoparasites that affect cattle, emphasizing on the tick species Rhipicephalus microplus and the protozoa of the genus Babesia that use it as a vector. Most studies evaluated the acquisition of an immune response through ELISA, WB and IFAT analyses to measure predominantly IgG. In addition, many studies did not examine the complete proteome of the parasites and are carried out only in silico, in vitro, or even with unrelated animals, the reason why they were excluded from our systematic review. Due to lack of studies that met the eligibility criteria, in this systematic review we also included studies carried out with different groups and species of parasites, providing a broad overview of the application of this technique in cattle farming. Conversely, this also resulted in variable methodologies, which makes comparison among studies difficult. Despite that, the application of reverse vaccinology in cattle farming has shown promising results in the development of immunological and protective responses in cattle. However, research methodologies need to be improved to reduce biases and obtain reliable results, in addition to clarity of data and methodologies to enable reproducibility.
{"title":"Evidence of the efficiency of reverse vaccinology against bovine parasites: A systematic review","authors":"Bárbara Cristina Félix Nogueira , Nicole Tafnes de Brito Silva Honório , Paola Eduarda de Almeida Souza , Gabrielle Oliveira Soares , Artur Kanadani Campos , Marta Fonseca Martins , Wanessa Araújo Carvalho , Emanuelle Baldo Gaspar","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reverse vaccinology is a novel vaccine development technology that uses genome and proteome analyses through bioinformatics to select antigenic epitopes capable of eliciting an immunological and protective response through a quick and cheap methodology. However, data on its use in animal health are scant and further research is advocated. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence of the efficiency of reverse vaccinology in the search for antigens against bovine parasites, as well as its perspectives and limitations. One hundred seventy-four studies were found, of which 95 were selected for full reading following the PRISMA guidelines and considering all databases. After the last evaluation and reading of the references, only 19 studies were included and evaluated for methodological quality and biases. The studies applied reverse vaccinology to bacteria, protozoa, and ectoparasites that affect cattle, emphasizing on the tick species <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> and the protozoa of the genus <em>Babesia</em> that use it as a vector. Most studies evaluated the acquisition of an immune response through ELISA, WB and IFAT analyses to measure predominantly IgG. In addition, many studies did not examine the complete proteome of the parasites and are carried out only <em>in silico, in vitro</em>, or even with unrelated animals, the reason why they were excluded from our systematic review. Due to lack of studies that met the eligibility criteria, in this systematic review we also included studies carried out with different groups and species of parasites, providing a broad overview of the application of this technique in cattle farming. Conversely, this also resulted in variable methodologies, which makes comparison among studies difficult. Despite that, the application of reverse vaccinology in cattle farming has shown promising results in the development of immunological and protective responses in cattle. However, research methodologies need to be improved to reduce biases and obtain reliable results, in addition to clarity of data and methodologies to enable reproducibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 107478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107456
Timir Tripathi
{"title":"Innovations in experimental and computational approaches in drug discovery against infectious diseases.","authors":"Timir Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107477
Jovêncio Mateus Sada, Danilo Kluyber, Daniel Antônio Braga Lee, Ana Cláudia Calchi, Mario Henrique Alves, Dália Monique Ribeiro Machado, Karin Werther, Rosangela Zacarias Machado, Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez, Marcos Rogério André
<p><p>Armadillos and anteaters exhibit a wide range of interactions with various pathogens and ectoparasites, which, along with their physiological and ecological characteristics, contribute to their potential as hosts for a broad variety of pathogens with zoonotic potential. However, there has been limited research into the occurrence and diversity of vector-borne agents in this group of mammals. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp. and hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) in free-ranging armadillos and anteaters sampled in the southeast and central-west regions of Brazil. To this purpose, 167 biological samples (139 blood and 28 spleen) from Xenarthra mammals sampled in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul were analyzed: 48 from six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus), 29 from giant armadillos (Priodontes maximus), 4 from nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus), 1 from naked-tailed armadillo (Cabassous unicinctus), 79 from giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and 6 from southern tamanduas (Tamandua tetradactyla). Screening PCR assays were performed for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene, nested PCR for Anaplasma spp. and PCR for hemotropic mycoplasmas based on the 16S rRNA gene, and qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the 16-23S rRNA intergenic region (ITS). The positive samples were additionally subjected to PCR assays targeting different molecular markers for molecular characterization. As a result, 1/48 (0.59%) blood sample from E. sexcintus was positive for Anaplasma spp., and 1/79 (0.59%) blood sample from M. tridactyla was positive for Ehrlichia spp. The 16S rRNA sequence of Anaplasma sp. detected in E. sexcintus clustered within the same clade as 'Candidatus Anaplasma brasiliensis', previously detected in T. tetradactyla. The dsb sequence of Ehrlichia sp. detected in M. tridactyla clustered within the same clade as Ehrlichia minasensis. In the PCR tests for hemoplasmas, 31/46 (64.5%) E. sexcinctus, 9/29 (65.5%) P. maximus, 2/4 (50%) D. novemcinctus, 33/79 (41.7%) M. tridactyla, and 2/6 (33.3%) T. tetradactyla tested positive. The 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA sequences of hemoplasmas found in E. sexcinctus clustered within the same clade as 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematomaximus', which was previously detected in P. maximus in Brazil. High positivity rates were also observed for Bartonella spp., with 23/48 (47.9%) E. sexcinctus, 1/4 (25%) D. novemcinctus, 9/29 (31%) P. maximus, 21/79 (26.5%) M. tridactyla, and 3/6 (50%) T. tetradactyla showing positive results. The ftsZ sequences of Bartonella sp. detected in E. sexcinctus clustered with 'Candidatus Bartonella washoensis subsp. brasiliensis', previously identified in six-banded armadillos in Brazil. These findings reinforce the presence of 'Candidatus Anaplasma brasiliensis' and 'Candidatus Bartonella washoensis subsp. brasiliensis' in armadillos, and Ehrlichia minasensis in antea
{"title":"Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasmataceae agents, Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas in armadillos and anteaters from Brazil.","authors":"Jovêncio Mateus Sada, Danilo Kluyber, Daniel Antônio Braga Lee, Ana Cláudia Calchi, Mario Henrique Alves, Dália Monique Ribeiro Machado, Karin Werther, Rosangela Zacarias Machado, Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez, Marcos Rogério André","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Armadillos and anteaters exhibit a wide range of interactions with various pathogens and ectoparasites, which, along with their physiological and ecological characteristics, contribute to their potential as hosts for a broad variety of pathogens with zoonotic potential. However, there has been limited research into the occurrence and diversity of vector-borne agents in this group of mammals. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp. and hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) in free-ranging armadillos and anteaters sampled in the southeast and central-west regions of Brazil. To this purpose, 167 biological samples (139 blood and 28 spleen) from Xenarthra mammals sampled in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul were analyzed: 48 from six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus), 29 from giant armadillos (Priodontes maximus), 4 from nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus), 1 from naked-tailed armadillo (Cabassous unicinctus), 79 from giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and 6 from southern tamanduas (Tamandua tetradactyla). Screening PCR assays were performed for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene, nested PCR for Anaplasma spp. and PCR for hemotropic mycoplasmas based on the 16S rRNA gene, and qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the 16-23S rRNA intergenic region (ITS). The positive samples were additionally subjected to PCR assays targeting different molecular markers for molecular characterization. As a result, 1/48 (0.59%) blood sample from E. sexcintus was positive for Anaplasma spp., and 1/79 (0.59%) blood sample from M. tridactyla was positive for Ehrlichia spp. The 16S rRNA sequence of Anaplasma sp. detected in E. sexcintus clustered within the same clade as 'Candidatus Anaplasma brasiliensis', previously detected in T. tetradactyla. The dsb sequence of Ehrlichia sp. detected in M. tridactyla clustered within the same clade as Ehrlichia minasensis. In the PCR tests for hemoplasmas, 31/46 (64.5%) E. sexcinctus, 9/29 (65.5%) P. maximus, 2/4 (50%) D. novemcinctus, 33/79 (41.7%) M. tridactyla, and 2/6 (33.3%) T. tetradactyla tested positive. The 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA sequences of hemoplasmas found in E. sexcinctus clustered within the same clade as 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematomaximus', which was previously detected in P. maximus in Brazil. High positivity rates were also observed for Bartonella spp., with 23/48 (47.9%) E. sexcinctus, 1/4 (25%) D. novemcinctus, 9/29 (31%) P. maximus, 21/79 (26.5%) M. tridactyla, and 3/6 (50%) T. tetradactyla showing positive results. The ftsZ sequences of Bartonella sp. detected in E. sexcinctus clustered with 'Candidatus Bartonella washoensis subsp. brasiliensis', previously identified in six-banded armadillos in Brazil. These findings reinforce the presence of 'Candidatus Anaplasma brasiliensis' and 'Candidatus Bartonella washoensis subsp. brasiliensis' in armadillos, and Ehrlichia minasensis in antea","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a zoonotic parasite, significantly affects human health. Pregnant women infected with T. gondii are at risk of congenital anomalies or fetal death. Seroepidemiological surveys of toxoplasmosis can help develop control measures. This study measured the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies among Chinese pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy in 13 districts of Hangzhou, eastern China. The overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 3.6 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.8-4.6 %). Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM positivity was 3.5 % (95 % CI: 2.7-4.4 %) and 0.1 % (95 % CI: 0-0.3 %), and one pregnant woman tested positive for IgG and IgM. Seropositivity increased significantly from 3.4 % (95 % CI: 2.4-4.9 %) in 2013 and 2.3 % (95 % CI: 1.3-3.8 %) in 2015 to 7.2 % (95 % CI: 4.6-10.9 %) in 2023 (P = 0.001). There was regional heterogeneity in seroprevalence. Seroprevalence was highest in Qiantang District (11.1 %, 95 % CI: 0.6-49.3 %) and lowest in Tonglu District (0). Overall seroprevalence was higher in the age group 41-49 years (10.7 %, 95 % CI: 2.8-29.4 %) than in the age group 18-40 years (3.0-4.3 %). Thus, health education and promotion should target the age group 41-49 years.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in the first trimester in China.","authors":"Jinsong Gao, Liangliang Huo, Sujuan Zhu, Wenjie Xu, Qiaoyi Lu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Jianmin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a zoonotic parasite, significantly affects human health. Pregnant women infected with T. gondii are at risk of congenital anomalies or fetal death. Seroepidemiological surveys of toxoplasmosis can help develop control measures. This study measured the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies among Chinese pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy in 13 districts of Hangzhou, eastern China. The overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 3.6 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.8-4.6 %). Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM positivity was 3.5 % (95 % CI: 2.7-4.4 %) and 0.1 % (95 % CI: 0-0.3 %), and one pregnant woman tested positive for IgG and IgM. Seropositivity increased significantly from 3.4 % (95 % CI: 2.4-4.9 %) in 2013 and 2.3 % (95 % CI: 1.3-3.8 %) in 2015 to 7.2 % (95 % CI: 4.6-10.9 %) in 2023 (P = 0.001). There was regional heterogeneity in seroprevalence. Seroprevalence was highest in Qiantang District (11.1 %, 95 % CI: 0.6-49.3 %) and lowest in Tonglu District (0). Overall seroprevalence was higher in the age group 41-49 years (10.7 %, 95 % CI: 2.8-29.4 %) than in the age group 18-40 years (3.0-4.3 %). Thus, health education and promotion should target the age group 41-49 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107390
María Teresa Tejedor-Junco, Adrián Melián Henríquez, Pedro Peláez Puerto, María Dolores Ramos, Margarita González-Martín, Manuel Morales Doreste, Geoffrey Gimonneau, Marc Desquesnes, Sergio Martín Martel, Juan Alberto Corbera
{"title":"Corrigendum to: \"Surveillance and control of Trypanosoma evansi in the canary Islands: A descriptive analysis\" [Acta Tropica, 246 (2023), 106990].","authors":"María Teresa Tejedor-Junco, Adrián Melián Henríquez, Pedro Peláez Puerto, María Dolores Ramos, Margarita González-Martín, Manuel Morales Doreste, Geoffrey Gimonneau, Marc Desquesnes, Sergio Martín Martel, Juan Alberto Corbera","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107390","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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