Acta tropica最新文献

英文中文

Co-infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Leishmania donovani affects the antiparasitic immunity of RAW264.7 macrophages via the NOD-like receptor pathway in vitro 铜绿假单胞菌和多诺瓦利什曼原虫联合感染RAW264.7巨噬细胞通过nod样受体途径体外抗寄生虫免疫。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107964

Zheying Zhu , Dali Chen , Yuying Xiao , Yanqin Zhao , Xing Luo , Xianguang Guo , Shumei Zhen , Jinlei He

Leishmania infections often involve co-infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common commensal in the sand fly vector of leishmaniasis, can be co-transmitted alongside Leishmania during blood feeding. However, its role in modulating Leishmania infection remains unclear. This study used an in vitro co-infection model and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the interaction between L. donovani and P. aeruginosa co-infection in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. Co-infection enhances L. donovani invasion of macrophage and simultaneously promotes both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, as evidenced by significant upregulation of cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α), macrophage markers (CD80, CD86, Arg1 and CD206) and MHC class I and II molecules (H2-M3, H2-T24, H2-AB1 and H2-EB1). Transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment of differentially expressed genes in immune-related pathways, particularly the NOD-like receptor pathway. To further explore mechanisms by which co-infection affects anti-Leishmania immunity, hub genes and proteins in the NOD-like receptor pathway were validated via qPCR and Western blot. qPCR results indicated significant upregulation of Nod2 and Ccl2 in co-infected versus Leishmania-infection macrophages at 12 h, with c-Jun and JunB showing increasing trends. Western blot confirmed significant upregulation of p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK, and RIPK2 proteins in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway at 12 h. However, the co-infection of heat-killed P. aeruginosa or P. aeruginosa culture supernatant with Leishmania parasites did not significantly affect MHC molecules and the NOD-like receptor pathway in macrophages. These findings highlight the complex immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying co-infection and suggest potential therapeutic targets for leishmaniasis treatment.

利什曼原虫感染通常包括合并感染。铜绿假单胞菌是利什曼病沙蝇媒介中的一种常见共生菌，可在吸血过程中与利什曼原虫共同传播。然而，它在调节利什曼原虫感染中的作用仍不清楚。本研究通过体外共感染模型和转录组测序研究了L. donovani和P. aeruginosa在小鼠RAW264.7巨噬细胞中共感染的相互作用。联合感染增强了L. donovani对巨噬细胞的侵袭，同时促进了促炎和抗炎反应，其表现为细胞因子（IL-4、IL-10、IL-1β和TNF-α）、巨噬细胞标志物（CD80、CD86、Arg1和CD206）和MHC I类和II类分子（H2-M3、H2-T24、H2-AB1和H2-EB1）显著上调。转录组分析显示免疫相关通路中差异表达基因的富集，特别是nod样受体通路。为了进一步探索合并感染影响抗利什曼原虫免疫的机制，我们通过qPCR和Western blot验证了nod样受体通路中的枢纽基因和蛋白。qPCR结果显示，共感染与利什曼感染巨噬细胞中Nod2和Ccl2在12h时显著上调，其中c-Jun和JunB呈上升趋势。Western blot证实nod样受体信号通路中p-p38、p-ERK、p-JNK和RIPK2蛋白在12h时显著上调。然而，热灭活铜绿假单胞菌或铜绿假单胞菌培养上清与利什曼原虫共感染对巨噬细胞的MHC分子和nod样受体途径没有显著影响。这些发现强调了合并感染的复杂免疫调节机制，并提出了利什曼病治疗的潜在治疗靶点。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Burden of malaria in young adults in Niger: A prospective study in a military setting 尼日尔青年疟疾负担：一项军事背景下的前瞻性研究。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107958

Yacoudima YM. Aminou , Bello Hamidou , Médard Djedanem , Hamidou Lazoumar Ramatoulaye , Wazodan A. Moustapha , Jean Testa , Ronan Jambou

In Niger, malaria remains a major public health issue and cause of economic loss, but its impact on young adults remains poorly documented. Although this population is central to the country's development, it is rarely studied. Our study aims to fill this gap by assessing the burden of malaria in three cohorts of military recruits monitored in different training centers in Niger, a population representative of urban youth.

A prospective cohort study was conducted from September to December 2023 in three military health centers. Participants (aged 17–55) had free access to care. All consultations were recorded; any episode of fever resulted in a rapid test and a brief interview. Treatments and hospitalizations were also recorded.

A total of 2840 recruits were monitored during two 17-day periods (median age: 27 years; 91.5 % male). The 3193 consultations recorded showed a predominance of respiratory infections in Zinder and digestive disorders in Agadez. Among the 353 confirmed cases of malaria (prevalence 11 %), Niamey had the highest attack rate. Among the patients, 74.5 % were anemic, 44 % were hospitalized, and 55.8 % were temporarily unfit for duty. Grade had a clear influence on preventive knowledge, despite 82 % of respondents reporting that they used mosquito nets.

The study estimates that nearly 2000 workdays are lost annually by these young adults, which could be represents 12 millions of days for the whole country, highlighting the need for an integrated and equitable control strategy.

在尼日尔，疟疾仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，也是造成经济损失的原因，但它对年轻人的影响却鲜有记录。尽管这一人口是国家发展的核心，但很少有人对其进行研究。我们的研究旨在通过评估尼日尔不同训练中心监测的三组新兵的疟疾负担来填补这一空白，尼日尔是城市青年的人口代表。一项前瞻性队列研究于2023年9月至12月在三个军事卫生中心进行。参与者（17-55岁）可以免费获得护理。所有的咨询都被记录下来；任何发烧的发作都会导致快速检查和简短的面谈。还记录了治疗和住院情况。共有2840名新兵在两个为期17天的时间段内接受监测（年龄中位数：27岁，91.5%为男性）。记录在案的3 193次问诊显示，津德尔主要是呼吸道感染，阿加德兹主要是消化系统疾病。在353例确诊疟疾病例中（发病率11%），尼亚美的发病率最高。其中，74.5%的患者贫血，44%的患者住院，55.8%的患者暂时不能上班。年级对预防知识有明显的影响，尽管82%的答复者报告说他们使用蚊帐。该研究估计，这些年轻人每年损失近2000个工作日，相当于全国损失1200万个工作日，这凸显了制定综合和公平控制战略的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Do we have a match? Calculating the potential for integrating neglected tropical disease control programmes for sustainable public health policy 我们有匹配的吗？计算将被忽视的热带病控制规划纳入可持续公共卫生政策的潜力。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107965

Jo Widdicombe , Mahbod Entezami , Victor Del Rio Vilas , Frederick TA. Freeth , Natalia Martinez Muñoz , Daniel Horton , Olaa Mohamed-Ahmed , Katherine Pond , Sean Shadomy , Rachel Tidman , Nisha Tucker , Ryan Wallace , Martha Betson , Joaquín M. Prada

Background

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) disproportionately affect the poorest populations. To meet the 2030 World Health Organization (WHO) roadmap targets, integrated and cross-cutting approaches are recommended to streamline programmatic operations across NTDs. Integration is not a new concept. But given recent policy shifts, disruptions to programmes and funding constraints, it is increasingly important. We consider integration as opportunities for coordination or collaboration across NTDs. Research is needed to identify the criteria and requirements necessary for successful programme integration, assess barriers, and determine the relative importance of each criterion to identify potential disease pairings.

Methods

We applied Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methodologies to gather expert and stakeholder insights on integrated control programmes for NTDs. During a facilitated workshop, participants discussed their interpretations of the terms ‘programmatic integration’ and ‘cross-cutting’ in relation to integrating NTDs programmes. 11 criteria for integration were identified and weighed by participants. Using WHO Roadmap baseline values, pairwise disease combinations were assessed by multiplying criterion weightings with disease scores, generating a priority matrix.

Results

Workshop participants weighted community engagement and common vectors and transmission routes as the most important of the criteria. Three disease combinations with the highest potential for integration were identified, Dengue and Chikungunya, Taeniasis & Cysticercosis and Echinococcosis, and Trachoma and Lymphatic Filariasis.

Conclusions

The workshop outcomes provide valuable insights into key factors for integrating NTD control programmes and highlight potential disease pairings for further exploration. While some disease matches were expected, others were less obvious. The highest-scoring combinations should now be further evaluated for integration potential.

背景：被忽视的热带病（NTDs）对最贫困人口的影响尤为严重。为实现2030年世界卫生组织（世卫组织）路线图目标，建议采取综合和跨领域的办法，以精简各被忽视热带病的规划业务。整合并不是一个新概念。但鉴于最近的政策转变、规划中断和资金限制，它变得越来越重要。我们认为整合是跨被忽视热带病协调或合作的机会。需要进行研究，以确定成功整合规划所需的标准和要求，评估障碍，并确定每项标准对确定潜在疾病配对的相对重要性。方法：我们应用多标准决策分析（MCDA）方法收集专家和利益相关者对被忽视热带病综合控制规划的见解。在一个便利的讲习班上，与会者讨论了他们对与综合被忽视热带病规划有关的“规划综合”和“交叉”术语的解释。参与者确定并权衡了11个整合标准。使用世卫组织路线图基线值，通过将标准权重与疾病评分相乘来评估两两疾病组合，生成优先矩阵。结果：研讨会参与者将社区参与和常见媒介和传播途径视为最重要的标准。确定了三种整合潜力最大的疾病组合，即登革热和基孔肯雅热、带绦虫病、囊虫病和棘球蚴病，以及沙眼和淋巴丝虫病。结论：研讨会成果为整合NTD控制规划的关键因素提供了有价值的见解，并突出了潜在的疾病配对，供进一步探索。虽然有些疾病符合预期，但其他疾病则不那么明显。现在应该进一步评估得分最高的组合的集成潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A decade apart: stability in wing morphology of brazilian mosquitoes 相隔十年：巴西蚊子翅膀形态的稳定性。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107962

Emili Bortolon dos Santos , Mario Arthur Favretto , Mario Antônio Navarro-Silva

Phenotypic variation is a key factor in how organisms adapt to their environments, with important consequences for disease vector dynamics. In mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), such variation can influence vectorial capacity, potentially altering the spread of pathogens. This study investigated whether wing size and shape of two potential vector species, Anopheles cruzii and Psorophora ferox, exhibited temporal variation over a decade in a preserved Atlantic Forest area in southern Brazil. Using geometric morphometrics on 80 female specimens per species (40 from 2005 to 40 from 2014 to 2015), we found no significant differences in wing shape or size between the two sampling periods. However, we did observe high intra-annual variability within each year, suggesting seasonal phenotypic plasticity rather than long-term shifts. These findings highlight the remarkable stability of mosquito populations in conserved environments over long timescales, even while seasonal changes continue to drive short-term phenotypic fluctuations. Understanding these dynamics is essential for refining vector surveillance and control strategies in diverse habitats.

表型变异是生物体如何适应环境的关键因素，对病媒动力学具有重要影响。在蚊子（双翅目：库蚊科）中，这种变异可以影响媒介能力，可能改变病原体的传播。本研究调查了巴西南部大西洋森林保护区克氏按蚊（Anopheles cruzii）和黄颡鱼（Psorophora ferox）两种潜在媒介物种的翅膀大小和形状在10多年间的时间变化。通过对每个物种80个雌性标本（2005年40个，2014-2015年40个）的几何形态测量，我们发现两个采样期间翅膀的形状和大小没有显著差异。然而，我们确实观察到每年都有很高的年内变异性，这表明季节性表型可塑性而不是长期变化。这些发现强调了在长时间尺度上，即使季节变化继续推动短期表型波动，在保守环境中蚊子种群的显着稳定性。了解这些动态对于改进不同栖息地的病媒监测和控制策略至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular Detection of Plasmodium falciparum Infections Missed by Microscopy and HRP2-Based RDTs in the Dominican Republic 多米尼加共和国恶性疟原虫镜检和hrp2 - rdt漏诊的分子检测

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Acta tropica

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107956

Claudia Cabrera Federo , Francisco Cuevas , Ana Margarida Gonçalves , Bruno Freitas , Isaac Miguel , Vitoria Baptista , Mariagiulia Conte , Ana Santos-Pereira , Edita Aquino , Mildre Disla , Akemi Tabata , Nuno S. Osório , Modesto Cruz , Maria Isabel Veiga

Malaria elimination in the Dominican Republic is both a public health and economic priority. With low incidence rates and the potential to interrupt transmission in the near future, the country has been included in the WHO E2025 elimination initiative. At this critical stage, highly sensitive diagnostics are essential to detect all infections, particularly in low-transmission settings where undetected cases can sustain transmission and jeopardize elimination efforts.

This study assessed the prevalence of low-density Plasmodium infections that escape detection by both HRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and microscopy in the Dominican Republic. A total of 1095 suspected malaria cases, initially classified as negative by HRP2-based RDTs and microscopy, were re-examined. Nucleic acids were extracted from used RDT cassettes and screened for Plasmodium spp. using real-time PCR. For samples testing positive for P. falciparum, pfhrp2 gene deletion analysis was subsequently performed.

Results showed that nucleic acid extraction from RDT cassette was successful in 969/1095 (88.5%) samples and P. falciparum DNA was detected in 18/969 (1.9%). Notably, 16.7% (3/18) of these PCR-positive samples carried pfhrp2 deletions, which undermine HRP2-based RDT performance.

These findings underscore the need to strengthen diagnostic strategies to sustain and accelerate malaria elimination efforts in the Dominican Republic.

在多米尼加共和国，消除疟疾既是公共卫生的优先事项，也是经济的优先事项。由于发病率低，且有可能在不久的将来阻断传播，该国已被列入世卫组织E2025消除行动。在这一关键阶段，高度敏感的诊断对于发现所有感染至关重要，特别是在低传播环境中，未被发现的病例可能持续传播并危及消除努力。本研究评估了多米尼加共和国无法通过基于hrp2的快速诊断测试（RDTs）和显微镜检测到的低密度疟原虫感染的流行情况。重新检查了1095例疑似疟疾病例，这些病例最初被基于hrp2的rdt和显微镜诊断为阴性。从使用过的RDT卡带中提取核酸，用实时荧光定量PCR技术筛选疟原虫。对于恶性疟原虫检测呈阳性的样本，随后进行pfhrp2基因缺失分析。结果RDT盒核酸提取成功969/ 1095份（88.5%），检出恶性疟原虫DNA 18/969份（1.9%）。值得注意的是，16.7%（3/18）的pcr阳性样本携带pfhrp2缺失，这破坏了基于hrp2的RDT性能。这些发现强调需要加强诊断战略，以维持和加速多米尼加共和国消除疟疾的努力。

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