Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71366
R. Safaee-Rad, B. Benhabib, Kenneth C. Smith, Z. Zhou
Two premarking methods are proposed for a new 3D object recognition system under development at the University of Toronto. In this system, an object is modeled using only a small number of 2D distinct perspective views (standard views) predefined wit the help of markers placed on the object. During the recognition process, a standard view is acquired by first determining its surface normal (standard-view axis), and then aligning the camera's optical axis with it. Standard-view axes are obtained by analyzing the images of the markers. A morphological skeleton transform (MST) is used for the extraction of required marker features. This work presents the analytical solution for the two proposed premarking schemes, based on circular markers, that can be used in acquiring standard views of objects. Specific issues addressed include: the determination of the perspective distortion and its relative importance, the determination of the transformation parameters required for camera alignment, and the use of a class of MST, pseudo-Euclidean skeletons, for feature extraction.<>
{"title":"Pre-marking methods for 3D object recognition","authors":"R. Safaee-Rad, B. Benhabib, Kenneth C. Smith, Z. Zhou","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71366","url":null,"abstract":"Two premarking methods are proposed for a new 3D object recognition system under development at the University of Toronto. In this system, an object is modeled using only a small number of 2D distinct perspective views (standard views) predefined wit the help of markers placed on the object. During the recognition process, a standard view is acquired by first determining its surface normal (standard-view axis), and then aligning the camera's optical axis with it. Standard-view axes are obtained by analyzing the images of the markers. A morphological skeleton transform (MST) is used for the extraction of required marker features. This work presents the analytical solution for the two proposed premarking schemes, based on circular markers, that can be used in acquiring standard views of objects. Specific issues addressed include: the determination of the perspective distortion and its relative importance, the determination of the transformation parameters required for camera alignment, and the use of a class of MST, pseudo-Euclidean skeletons, for feature extraction.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"52 1","pages":"592-595 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82381246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71433
W. Wen
Reasoning under uncertainty is one of the most important challenges in expert systems and some other branches of AI. Computational efficiency is a primary problem in implementing any practical system. In order to improve computational efficiency, several methods have been proposed to exploit the parallelism inherent in reasoning under uncertainty. However, some of these models can be used only in the case of singly connected networks, and one allows only one direction of reasoning. A parallel reasoning method based on the minimum cross entropy principle and the concept of recursive causal models is proposed to avoid the disadvantages of the methods.<>
{"title":"Parallel reasoning in recursive causal networks","authors":"W. Wen","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71433","url":null,"abstract":"Reasoning under uncertainty is one of the most important challenges in expert systems and some other branches of AI. Computational efficiency is a primary problem in implementing any practical system. In order to improve computational efficiency, several methods have been proposed to exploit the parallelism inherent in reasoning under uncertainty. However, some of these models can be used only in the case of singly connected networks, and one allows only one direction of reasoning. A parallel reasoning method based on the minimum cross entropy principle and the concept of recursive causal models is proposed to avoid the disadvantages of the methods.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"88 1","pages":"934-939 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80271904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71437
Dean Alan Hettenbach, C. Mitchell, T. Govindaraj
An evaluation is made of the decision processes of humans in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) environment. GT-FMS, a real-time simulator of an FMS, was implemented with data from an actual FMS installation. An experiment was conducted in which humans interacted with the control system of GT-FMS at an aggregate level. The humans described each of their control actions, and their decision processes were evaluated by mapping these descriptions onto a standard model of human decision-making. The experimental results support making humans an integral part of the FMS control process, since an intricate knowledge of the system state and system sensitivity were crucial to human decision-making in GT-FMS. Humans in this experiment used detailed system status information, rather than system performance history, as the basis of their control decisions and were inconsistent in defining their goals.<>
{"title":"Decision making in supervisory control of a flexible manufacturing system","authors":"Dean Alan Hettenbach, C. Mitchell, T. Govindaraj","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71437","url":null,"abstract":"An evaluation is made of the decision processes of humans in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) environment. GT-FMS, a real-time simulator of an FMS, was implemented with data from an actual FMS installation. An experiment was conducted in which humans interacted with the control system of GT-FMS at an aggregate level. The humans described each of their control actions, and their decision processes were evaluated by mapping these descriptions onto a standard model of human decision-making. The experimental results support making humans an integral part of the FMS control process, since an intricate knowledge of the system state and system sensitivity were crucial to human decision-making in GT-FMS. Humans in this experiment used detailed system status information, rather than system performance history, as the basis of their control decisions and were inconsistent in defining their goals.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"25 1","pages":"953-958 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82605181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71401
A. Erkmen, H. Stephanou
Dexterous grasps for multifingered robot hands are planned. A real-time, joint space finger path planning algorithm is derived for the enclosure phase of grasping motion. The algorithm minimizes the impact momentum of the hand. It uses a preshape Jacobian matrix to map task-level hand preshape requirements into kinematic constraints. A master-slave scheme avoids inter-finger collisions and reduces the dimensionality of the planning problem.<>
{"title":"Preshape Jacobians for minimum momentum grasping","authors":"A. Erkmen, H. Stephanou","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71401","url":null,"abstract":"Dexterous grasps for multifingered robot hands are planned. A real-time, joint space finger path planning algorithm is derived for the enclosure phase of grasping motion. The algorithm minimizes the impact momentum of the hand. It uses a preshape Jacobian matrix to map task-level hand preshape requirements into kinematic constraints. A master-slave scheme avoids inter-finger collisions and reduces the dimensionality of the planning problem.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"27 1","pages":"790-795 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81084190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71332
H. Sakai, K. Naka
The neuron network in the inner catfish retina was studied by injecting current from the one neuron and recording resulting responses into a nearby neuron. Current injected into an amacrine or a ganglion cell always produced a response from neighboring amacrine or ganglion cells chosen randomly. Bidirectional communications were found to exist for neurons of similar response patterns, e.g. on-cell pair, off-cell pair, or on-off cell pairs. These communications are mutually excitatory, fast, and likely linear. Single transmission between neurons of different response patterns was also shown to exist.<>
{"title":"Signal processing in neuron network: a radically different view","authors":"H. Sakai, K. Naka","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71332","url":null,"abstract":"The neuron network in the inner catfish retina was studied by injecting current from the one neuron and recording resulting responses into a nearby neuron. Current injected into an amacrine or a ganglion cell always produced a response from neighboring amacrine or ganglion cells chosen randomly. Bidirectional communications were found to exist for neurons of similar response patterns, e.g. on-cell pair, off-cell pair, or on-off cell pairs. These communications are mutually excitatory, fast, and likely linear. Single transmission between neurons of different response patterns was also shown to exist.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"11 1","pages":"433-434 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89845592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71315
Wen-Roii Wu, A. Kundu
The authors consider the problem of filtering images corrupted by non-Gaussian noise using the Kalman filter. Specifically, they have used the reduced updated Kalman filter (RUKF) for the sake of computational savings. They modified the original RUKF to accommodate the non-Gaussian noise using an efficient scheme proposed by them previously (1989). It is shown that the modification is simple and the results are satisfactory.<>
{"title":"A modified reduced update Kalman filter for images degraded by non-Gaussian additive noise","authors":"Wen-Roii Wu, A. Kundu","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71315","url":null,"abstract":"The authors consider the problem of filtering images corrupted by non-Gaussian noise using the Kalman filter. Specifically, they have used the reduced updated Kalman filter (RUKF) for the sake of computational savings. They modified the original RUKF to accommodate the non-Gaussian noise using an efficient scheme proposed by them previously (1989). It is shown that the modification is simple and the results are satisfactory.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"140 1","pages":"352-355 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90366824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71505
A. Gross, T. Boult
Consideration is given to two membership tests for straight homogeneous generalized cylinders to determine if an object in the image is a member of the shape class. It is shown that contour information alone is insufficient to recover a straight homogeneous generalized cylinder uniquely. It is then shown that the sign and magnitude of the Gaussian curvature at a point vary among members of a contour-equivalent class. Next, a method of ruling straight homogeneous generalized cylinder images is developed. This ruling of the surface serves two functions. First, the ruling algorithm provides a heuristic test of whether or not the image is consistent with that of a straight homogeneous generalized cylinder. Secondly, the ruling makes explicit certain parameters of the underlying straight homogeneous generalized cylinder that the authors use in their second membership test. The second membership test is an intensity-based method which assumes that the surface has geodesics and that the albedo is constant. The method compares intensity values at corresponding meridian points along cross-sectional geodesics.<>
{"title":"Straight homogeneous generalized cylinders: analysis of reflectance properties and a necessary condition for class membership","authors":"A. Gross, T. Boult","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71505","url":null,"abstract":"Consideration is given to two membership tests for straight homogeneous generalized cylinders to determine if an object in the image is a member of the shape class. It is shown that contour information alone is insufficient to recover a straight homogeneous generalized cylinder uniquely. It is then shown that the sign and magnitude of the Gaussian curvature at a point vary among members of a contour-equivalent class. Next, a method of ruling straight homogeneous generalized cylinder images is developed. This ruling of the surface serves two functions. First, the ruling algorithm provides a heuristic test of whether or not the image is consistent with that of a straight homogeneous generalized cylinder. Secondly, the ruling makes explicit certain parameters of the underlying straight homogeneous generalized cylinder that the authors use in their second membership test. The second membership test is an intensity-based method which assumes that the surface has geodesics and that the albedo is constant. The method compares intensity values at corresponding meridian points along cross-sectional geodesics.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"1997 1","pages":"1260-1265 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78106339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71325
H. Arsenault
Pathological behavior of some recently proposed neural net models is shown to depend on how the similarity is defined. The obvious binary interconnection schemes using weights of
最近提出的一些神经网络模型的病理行为取决于如何定义相似性。的二元互连方案
{"title":"Similarity and pathology in neural nets","authors":"H. Arsenault","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71325","url":null,"abstract":"Pathological behavior of some recently proposed neural net models is shown to depend on how the similarity is defined. The obvious binary interconnection schemes using weights of","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"59 1","pages":"401-404 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79237800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71377
Y. Fainman, Liqiang Feng, Y. Koren
A mobile system with a hybrid opto-electronic processor has been studied. The position estimation is based on analysis of landmarks being detected by a TV-camera attached to the mobile system. The difference between the known real shape of the landmark and its image provides the information necessary for determining the relative position of the mobile system to the landmark. The parameters of the landmark image are extracted at high speed using an optical processor that performs an optical Hough transform, while the coordinates of the mobile system are computed from these parameters in a digital coprocessor using fast and simple algorithms. Different sources of errors have been analyzed, and algorithms to improve the performance of the mobile system have been developed and evaluated by computer simulation.<>
{"title":"Estimation of absolute spatial position of mobile systems by hybrid opto-electronic processor","authors":"Y. Fainman, Liqiang Feng, Y. Koren","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71377","url":null,"abstract":"A mobile system with a hybrid opto-electronic processor has been studied. The position estimation is based on analysis of landmarks being detected by a TV-camera attached to the mobile system. The difference between the known real shape of the landmark and its image provides the information necessary for determining the relative position of the mobile system to the landmark. The parameters of the landmark image are extracted at high speed using an optical processor that performs an optical Hough transform, while the coordinates of the mobile system are computed from these parameters in a digital coprocessor using fast and simple algorithms. Different sources of errors have been analyzed, and algorithms to improve the performance of the mobile system have been developed and evaluated by computer simulation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"41 1","pages":"651-657 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78889124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-11-14DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71427
Hai-Wen Chen, L. D. Jacobson, J. Gaska, D. Pollen
Structural classification and parameter estimation results that are applicable to multi-input nonlinear biological systems are presented. To use these methods properly, it is necessary first to establish that the structure of the system under study belongs to one of the broad structural classes examined; such a priori constraints would generally be inferred from the known anatomical and physiochemical properties of the system. Using the methods presented, input-output measurements are used to restrict the structural classification of the system further and to estimate the parameters of the classified model. Ongoing efforts to identify the spatiotemporal nonlinear networks that underlie the extracellularly recorded (spike) responses of visual cortical neurons to photic stimulation are discussed.<>
{"title":"Structural classification of multi-input biological nonlinear systems","authors":"Hai-Wen Chen, L. D. Jacobson, J. Gaska, D. Pollen","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.1989.71427","url":null,"abstract":"Structural classification and parameter estimation results that are applicable to multi-input nonlinear biological systems are presented. To use these methods properly, it is necessary first to establish that the structure of the system under study belongs to one of the broad structural classes examined; such a priori constraints would generally be inferred from the known anatomical and physiochemical properties of the system. Using the methods presented, input-output measurements are used to restrict the structural classification of the system further and to estimate the parameters of the classified model. Ongoing efforts to identify the spatiotemporal nonlinear networks that underlie the extracellularly recorded (spike) responses of visual cortical neurons to photic stimulation are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":72691,"journal":{"name":"Conference proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","volume":"115 1","pages":"903-908 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76683215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：