Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.001
Mario Fernández-Ruiz , Juan José Castón , José Luis del Pozo , Jordi Carratalà , Jesús Fortún , Miguel Salavert , Julián Torre-Cisneros , José María Aguado , on behalf of the members of the OPENIN (Optimización de procesos clínicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de infecciones) Group , Ana Fernández Cruz , Ana Ventura , Belén Loeches , Carlos Dueñas , Cristina Tomás , David Navarro , Rosa Oltra , Elena Resino-Foz , Elisa García Vázquez , Enrique Míguez , Esperanza Merino , Vicente Abril
Pneumonia continues to be one of the most frequent infectious syndromes and a relevant cause of death and health resources utilization. The OPENIN (“Optimización de procesos clínicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de infecciones”) Group is composed of Infectious Diseases specialists and Microbiologists and aims at generating recommendations that can contribute to improve the approach to processes with high impact on the health system. Such task relies on a critical review of the available scientific evidence. The first Group meeting (held in October 2023) aimed at answering the following questions: Can we optimize the syndromic and microbiological diagnosis of pneumonia? Is it feasible to safely shorten the length of antibiotic therapy? And, is there any role for the immunomodulatory strategies based on the adjuvant use of steroids, macrolides or immunoglobulins? The present review summarizes the literature reviewed for that meeting and offers a series of expert recommendations.
肺炎仍然是最常见的感染综合征之一，也是导致死亡和医疗资源使用的一个重要原因。OPENIN （"Optimización de procesos clínicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de infecciones"）小组由传染病专家和微生物学家组成，旨在提出有助于改善对医疗系统有重大影响的流程的建议。这项任务依赖于对现有科学证据的严格审查。小组第一次会议（2023 年 10 月举行）旨在回答以下问题：我们能否优化肺炎的综合征和微生物诊断？安全缩短抗生素治疗时间是否可行？基于类固醇、大环内酯类药物或免疫球蛋白辅助使用的免疫调节策略是否有任何作用？本综述总结了此次会议的文献综述，并提出了一系列专家建议。
{"title":"How can we optimize the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to pneumonia? Expert opinion-based recommendations","authors":"Mario Fernández-Ruiz , Juan José Castón , José Luis del Pozo , Jordi Carratalà , Jesús Fortún , Miguel Salavert , Julián Torre-Cisneros , José María Aguado , on behalf of the members of the OPENIN (Optimización de procesos clínicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de infecciones) Group , Ana Fernández Cruz , Ana Ventura , Belén Loeches , Carlos Dueñas , Cristina Tomás , David Navarro , Rosa Oltra , Elena Resino-Foz , Elisa García Vázquez , Enrique Míguez , Esperanza Merino , Vicente Abril","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pneumonia continues to be one of the most frequent infectious syndromes and a relevant cause of death and health resources utilization. The OPENIN (“Optimización de procesos clínicos para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de infecciones”) Group is composed of Infectious Diseases specialists and Microbiologists and aims at generating recommendations that can contribute to improve the approach to processes with high impact on the health system. Such task relies on a critical review of the available scientific evidence. The first Group meeting (held in October 2023) aimed at answering the following questions: Can we optimize the syndromic and microbiological diagnosis of pneumonia? Is it feasible to safely shorten the length of antibiotic therapy? And, is there any role for the immunomodulatory strategies based on the adjuvant use of steroids, macrolides or immunoglobulins? The present review summarizes the literature reviewed for that meeting and offers a series of expert recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 442-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.06.011
Introduction
We analyzed epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and the response to treatment in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who recently acquired hepatitis C (RAHC) in a multicentre study in Madrid (Spain).
Methods
Multicenter, ambispective, observational study of RAHC in men who have sex with men (MSM) infected with HIV. Clinical, epidemiological, and RAHC evolution were recorded prospectively in 2019 and 2020 and retrospectively in 2017 and 2018. In patients who received HCV treatment, sustained virological response (SVR) was provided 12 weeks after the end of treatment in an intention to treat analysis (ITT): all treated patients were included; and in analysis per-protocol (PP): missing patients were excluded.
Results
Overall, 133 patients were included. Median (IQR) age was 40 (34.3–46.1) years, 90.9% had at least one previous sexual transmission disease (STD), and 33.6% had previously hepatitis C. More than half of the prospective sample included patients using chemsex related drugs (57.3%), 45.7% of them intravenously. The most prevalent genotype was G1a (66.2%), followed by G4 (11.3%). Ten of 90 patients evaluated for spontaneous cure (11%) cured the infection spontaneously, and 119 had treatment after a median time of 1.8 (0.7–4.6) months: sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 90.7% in the ITT and 94.7% in the PP analysis, with no differences regarding the direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) combination used.
Conclusions
MSM infected by HIV with a RAHC were exposed to high-risk sexual behavior. Spontaneous cure rate was low, while SVR after treatment was achieved by more than 90%.
{"title":"Recently acquired hepatitis C: Epidemiological characteristics and treatment response in a large cohort of MSM living with HIV in Madrid","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>We analyzed epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and the response to treatment in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who recently acquired hepatitis C (RAHC) in a multicentre study in Madrid (Spain).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multicenter, ambispective, observational study of RAHC in men who have sex with men (MSM) infected with HIV. Clinical, epidemiological, and RAHC evolution were recorded prospectively in 2019 and 2020 and retrospectively in 2017 and 2018. In patients who received HCV treatment, sustained virological response (SVR) was provided 12 weeks after the end of treatment in an intention to treat analysis (ITT): all treated patients were included; and in analysis per-protocol (PP): missing patients were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 133 patients were included. Median (IQR) age was 40 (34.3–46.1) years, 90.9% had at least one previous sexual transmission disease (STD), and 33.6% had previously hepatitis C. More than half of the prospective sample included patients using <em>chemsex</em> related drugs (57.3%), 45.7% of them intravenously. The most prevalent genotype was G1a (66.2%), followed by G4 (11.3%). Ten of 90 patients evaluated for spontaneous cure (11%) cured the infection spontaneously, and 119 had treatment after a median time of 1.8 (0.7–4.6) months: sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 90.7% in the ITT and 94.7% in the PP analysis, with no differences regarding the direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) combination used.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MSM infected by HIV with a RAHC were exposed to high-risk sexual behavior. Spontaneous cure rate was low, while SVR after treatment was achieved by more than 90%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 414-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.003
{"title":"Atypical bullae in hands and trunk: An unusual suspect","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 455-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.009
{"title":"Sequencing the evolution of vaccinia skin lesions in a laboratory worker: Insights from image analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 459-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.08.001
Francisco Javier Membrillo de Novales , Jaime García Iglesias , Miriam Álvarez , Luis E. Cuellar , María Eugenia Gutiérrez-Pimentel , Alexis M. Holguin , Virgilio Lezcano , Susana Lloveras , Mariella Raijmakers , Iván Arturo Rodríguez Sabogal , Adriana Sucari , Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales , on behalf of the Latin American Alliance for Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (ALEIMC)
{"title":"Proposing the change of name of viruela del mono (monkeypox) in Spanish to viruela M","authors":"Francisco Javier Membrillo de Novales , Jaime García Iglesias , Miriam Álvarez , Luis E. Cuellar , María Eugenia Gutiérrez-Pimentel , Alexis M. Holguin , Virgilio Lezcano , Susana Lloveras , Mariella Raijmakers , Iván Arturo Rodríguez Sabogal , Adriana Sucari , Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales , on behalf of the Latin American Alliance for Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (ALEIMC)","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 397-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.011
Introduction
Treatment of Chagas disease frequently causes distress to patients due to a high incidence of adverse effects. Different preemptive tests have been researched to prevent these effects and to allow focus to be given to certain predisposed patients. Benznidazole is the most prescribed Chagas disease treatment in Spain.
In this work, we analyzed the genetic markers HLA-B*35 allele group and HLA-B*35:05 allele specifically, as well as an allergy patch test, as benznidazole's most frequent adverse effects are cutaneous.
Methods
HLA-B intermediate-resolution genotyping was performed followed by a high-resolution level analysis. Cutaneous allergies were tested using strips impregnated with a mixture of benznidazole and placed on the upper back of patients before starting treatment.
Results
In our sample of more than 400 patients, there was almost no relationship between any kind of side effect and either of the HLA-B alleles studied. The patch testing was quickly discarded as a preemptive test due to its low sensitivity (16.7%).
Conclusion
In conclusion, we were unable to replicate and corroborate genetic markers identified by other groups and there is currently no test that can anticipate the adverse effects of benznidazole, therefore, more investigation should be carried out in this field.
{"title":"Anticipating the side effects of benznidazole: HLA-B*35 and patch test","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Treatment of Chagas disease frequently causes distress to patients due to a high incidence of adverse effects. Different preemptive tests have been researched to prevent these effects and to allow focus to be given to certain predisposed patients. Benznidazole is the most prescribed Chagas disease treatment in Spain.</div><div>In this work, we analyzed the genetic markers HLA-B*35 allele group and HLA-B*35:05 allele specifically, as well as an allergy patch test, as benznidazole's most frequent adverse effects are cutaneous.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HLA-B intermediate-resolution genotyping was performed followed by a high-resolution level analysis. Cutaneous allergies were tested using strips impregnated with a mixture of benznidazole and placed on the upper back of patients before starting treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our sample of more than 400 patients, there was almost no relationship between any kind of side effect and either of the HLA-B alleles studied. The patch testing was quickly discarded as a preemptive test due to its low sensitivity (16.7%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, we were unable to replicate and corroborate genetic markers identified by other groups and there is currently no test that can anticipate the adverse effects of benznidazole, therefore, more investigation should be carried out in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 430-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.006
{"title":"Challenges and strategies in the prevention of dengue: A challenge for public health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":"42 8","pages":"Pages 464-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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