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Shape design of channels and manifolds in a multichannel microreactor using thermal-fluid compartment models 基于热流体隔室模型的多通道微反应器中通道和歧管的形状设计
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.838336
O. Tonomura, M. Noda, S. Hasebe
In the design of microreactors, the shape as well as the size is an important design factor for achieving high performance. Recent advances in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enable us to know flow and temperature distributions in microreactors of various shapes and sizes without conducting experiments. However, it is often important to develop a simpler model than CFD to further reduce the computational time required for reactor design with iterative performance evaluations. In this research, a thermal-fluid compartment model-based approach is proposed for basic design of a multichannel microreactor. The proposed approach consists of two parts, i.e., thermal design and fluid design. In the thermal design part, two types of thermal compartments, which are used to discretize a reaction channel surrounded by wall and describe the mass and heat balances over the channel, are developed to optimize the channel shape. In the fluid design part, three types of fluid compartments, which are used to discretize the reactor and describe the mass and pressure balances over the reactor, are introduced to optimize manifold shape. The proposed approach is applied to a design problem and the results show that microchannels and manifolds with varying width are effective in realizing the uniform temperature and flow distributions, respectively. In addition to the proposed design approach, a transfer function-based compartment model is developed to estimate the residence time distribution of fluid in a microreactor without running time-dependent CFD simulation.
在微反应器的设计中,形状和尺寸是实现高性能的重要设计因素。计算流体动力学(CFD)的最新进展使我们能够在不进行实验的情况下了解不同形状和尺寸的微反应器中的流动和温度分布。然而,开发一个比CFD更简单的模型来进一步减少反应堆设计和迭代性能评估所需的计算时间往往很重要。本研究提出了一种基于热流体室模型的多通道微反应器基本设计方法。该方法包括热设计和流体设计两部分。在热设计部分,设计了两种类型的热室,用于离散被壁包围的反应通道,并描述通道上的质量和热平衡,以优化通道形状。在流体设计部分,引入了三种类型的流体室,用于离散反应器和描述反应器上的质量和压力平衡,以优化歧管形状。将该方法应用于一个设计问题,结果表明微通道和变宽度的流形分别可以有效地实现均匀的温度和流量分布。除了提出的设计方法外,还开发了一种基于传递函数的隔间模型来估计流体在微反应器中的停留时间分布,而无需运行时间相关的CFD模拟。
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引用次数: 0
Kinetic study of multiphase reactions under microwave irradiation: A mini-review 微波辐射下多相反应动力学研究综述
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1059160
Kazem Adavi, A. Amini, M. Latifi, Jaber Shabanian, J. Chaouki
Microwave (MW) heating is rapid, selective, and volumetric, and it is a compelling non-conventional heating approach for driving chemical reactions. The effect of MW irradiation on the kinetics of thermal/catalytic reactions is still under debate. A group of researchers reported that the effect of MW heating on reaction kinetics is highlighted through the non-thermal effects of MWs on kinetic parameters and reaction mechanisms in addition to the thermal effect. However, another group attributed the observations to the thermal effect only. In the present work, we summarized and critically synthesized available information in the literature on the subject. It can be concluded that MW heating has solely the thermal effect on gas-solid reactions, and the variations of kinetic parameters are related to the direct and indirect impacts of that. Temperature measurement limitations, physical structure variation, and non-uniform temperature distribution are the primary sources of the discrepancy in previous studies. In ionic liquid-solid reactions, the presence of electromagnetic fields can affect the movement of ions/polar molecules which can be considered a non-thermal effect of MWs. However, the effect of MW absorption by solid/catalyst, and the formation of hot spots must be taken into account to avoid potential discrepancy. Therefore, further theoretical/experimental studies are required to clarify the effect of MWs on liquid-solid reactions. In addition, developing reliable temperature measurement methods and isothermal reaction domain are required for an accurate kinetic study during MW irradiation.
微波加热具有快速、选择性和体积性,是驱动化学反应的一种引人注目的非传统加热方法。微波辐照对热催化反应动力学的影响仍存在争议。一组研究人员报道,除了热效应外,MW加热对动力学参数和反应机理的非热效应也突出了MW加热对反应动力学的影响。然而,另一组将观察结果仅仅归因于热效应。在目前的工作中,我们总结并批判性地综合了有关该主题的文献中的可用信息。可以得出,MW加热对气固反应只有热效应,动力学参数的变化与热效应的直接和间接影响有关。温度测量的局限性、物理结构的变化和温度分布的不均匀是以往研究中产生差异的主要原因。在离子液固反应中,电磁场的存在可以影响离子/极性分子的运动,这可以被认为是mw的非热效应。但是,必须考虑固体/催化剂吸收MW的影响,以及热点的形成,以避免潜在的差异。因此,需要进一步的理论/实验研究来阐明MWs对液固反应的影响。此外,开发可靠的温度测量方法和等温反应域是精确研究毫瓦辐照动力学的必要条件。
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引用次数: 5
Editorial: Combined water and heat integration in the process industries 社论:过程工业中的水和热联合集成
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1012754
E. Ahmetovic, I. Grossmann, Z. Kravanja, François M. A. Maréchal, J. Klemeš, L. Savulescu, Hongguang Dong
Faculty of Technology, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory—SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology—VUT BRNO, Brno, Czechia, CanmetENERGY, Natural Resources Canada, Varennes, QC, Canada, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那图兹拉大学技术学院、美国宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡卡耐基梅隆大学化学工程系、斯洛文尼亚马里博尔大学化学与化学工程学院、瑞士洛桑瑞士联邦理工学院、可持续过程集成实验室- spil、NETME中心、捷克布尔诺布尔诺布尔诺大学机械工程学院、CanmetENERGY、加拿大自然资源部,Varennes, QC,加拿大,大连理工大学化学工程学院,中国大连
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Recent advances of AI and machine learning methods in integrated R&D, manufacturing, and supply chain 社论:人工智能和机器学习方法在集成研发、制造和供应链中的最新进展
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1056122
L. Chiang, M. Reis, Bo Shuang, Benben Jiang, Stéphanie Valleau
In the Industry 4.0 era, chemical process industry is embracing the broad adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) methods and algorithms. This Research Topic aims to highlight state-of-the-art research in the fields of R&D, Manufacturing, and Supply Chain management. The papers demonstrate how AI/ML developments are contributing to speed up the product development cycle and how the industry is operating towards breakthrough performances in safety, reliability, and sustainability. The Research Topic is composed by four papers, covering different corners of the spectra of methodologies, processes and problems, as can be appreciated by the following short descriptions of each contribution. Webb et al., addressed the problem of exploring process databases to make robust diagnosis of the relevant modes, which can either be different operational conditions or faults. The authors explore dimensionality reduction (PCA, UMAP) and clustering methods (K-means, DBSCAN, and HDBSCAN). The article is therefore aligned with the current interest in exploiting data for improving process operations. In a similar application domain, Ma et al., demonstrated how nonlinear methods (such as LSTM neural networks) can integrate with linear methods (such as PCA) to optimize the decoking frequency in an industrial cracking furnace. The article is a testimony of successful AI and ML applications in manufacturing. In the scope of industrial process monitoring, Ji et al., designed and demonstrated a multiscale method based on time-frequency analysis (wavelet packet decomposition) and feature fusion (support vector data description). This work goes beyond the use of single scale features, OPEN ACCESS
在工业4.0时代,化学加工行业正在广泛采用人工智能(AI)和机器学习(ML)方法和算法。本研究主题旨在突出研发、制造和供应链管理领域的最新研究。这些论文展示了AI/ML的发展如何有助于加快产品开发周期,以及该行业如何在安全、可靠性和可持续性方面取得突破性进展。本研究主题由四篇论文组成,涵盖了方法、过程和问题的各个方面,以下对每一篇文章的简短描述可以说明这一点。Webb等人解决了探索过程数据库以对相关模式进行稳健诊断的问题,这些模式可以是不同的操作条件或故障。作者探索了降维(PCA、UMAP)和聚类方法(K-means、DBSCAN和HDBSCAN)。因此,本文符合当前对利用数据改进流程操作的兴趣。在类似的应用领域,Ma等人演示了非线性方法(如LSTM神经网络)如何与线性方法(如PCA)集成,以优化工业裂解炉中的除焦频率。这篇文章证明了人工智能和机器学习在制造业中的成功应用。在工业过程监测领域,Ji等人设计并演示了一种基于时频分析(小波包分解)和特征融合(支持向量数据描述)的多尺度方法。这项工作超越了单尺度特征的使用,开放访问
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic simulation of a compact sorption-enhanced water-gas shift reactor 紧凑型吸附强化水煤气变换反应器的动力学模拟
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1000064
Tabea Stadler, Laila J. Bender, P. Pfeifer
This work presents the dynamic simulation of a novel sorption-enhanced water-gas shift reactor used for synthesis gas production from pure CO in an e-fuels synthesis process. Due to the intended decentralized plant installation associated with fluctuating feed, process intensification and a compact reactor system is required. An optimized operating procedure was obtained by simulation-driven process design to maximize the sorbent loading and operate the process as efficient as possible. The process simulation is based on a simplified heterogeneous packed bed reactor model. The model accounts for simultaneous water-gas shift (WGS) reaction on a Cu-based catalyst and CO2 adsorption on a K-impregnated hydrotalcite-derived mixed oxide as well as subsequent desorption. An empirical rate expression was chosen to describe the water-gas shift reaction according to experimental data at 250°C. Breakthrough experiments were performed and used to adapt kinetic adsorption (pressure: 8 bar) and desorption (pressure: 1 bar) parameters. The experimental CO2 sorption equilibrium isotherm was fitted with the Freundlich model. The reactor model was extended to a complex hybrid system scale model for the pilot plant reactor consisting of six individually accessible reaction chambers. Cyclic operation with automatized switching time adjustment was accomplished by a finite state machine. A case study exploited the benefits of a serial process configuration of reaction chambers. It could be shown that the sorbent loading can be remarkably increased through optimized operating strategies depending on the process conditions. Hence, the development of the hybrid model marks a crucial step towards the planned pilot plant operation and control.
本文介绍了一种新型吸附增强水气转换反应器的动态模拟,该反应器用于电子燃料合成过程中纯CO合成气生产。由于与波动进料有关的分散装置,需要过程强化和紧凑的反应器系统。通过模拟驱动的工艺设计,得到了一套优化的工艺流程,以最大限度地提高吸附剂的负荷,使工艺运行效率达到最高。该过程的模拟是基于一个简化的非均质填充床反应器模型。该模型考虑了铜基催化剂上的同时水气转换(WGS)反应和k浸渍水滑石衍生混合氧化物上的二氧化碳吸附以及随后的脱附。根据250℃下的实验数据,选择了一个经验速率表达式来描述水气转换反应。进行了突破性的实验,并用于适应动态吸附(压力:8 bar)和解吸(压力:1 bar)参数。实验CO2吸附平衡等温线符合Freundlich模型。反应器模型被扩展为一个复杂的混合系统比例模型,用于中试工厂反应器,该反应器由六个单独可达的反应室组成。通过有限状态机实现自动开关时间调整的循环运行。一个案例研究利用了一系列反应室工艺配置的好处。结果表明,根据不同的工艺条件,通过优化操作策略可以显著提高吸附量。因此,混合模型的开发标志着向计划的中试工厂运行和控制迈出了关键的一步。
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引用次数: 1
Improving three-dimensional human pluripotent cell culture efficiency via surface molecule coating 通过表面分子包衣提高三维人多能细胞培养效率
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1031395
Qiang Li, Ying Pan, Ling Han, Yakun Yang, Xinran Wu, Y. Lei
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are ideal “raw materials” for making various human cell types for regenerative medicine and are needed in large numbers. 3D suspension culturing (e.g., stirred-tank bioreactor or STR), which suspends and cultures cells in an agitated medium, has been extensively studied to scale up hPSC production. However, a significant problem with 3D suspension is the uncontrolled spheroid agglomeration. It leads to cell growth arrest, cell apoptosis, and inhomogeneity in cell purity and quality. We propose that i) inhibiting the spheroid adhesion can prevent spheroid agglomeration and ii) the inhibition can be achieved via coating spheroids with biocompatible anti-adhesion molecules. We used PEG-lipids as model anti-adhesion molecules to successfully demonstrate the concept. PEG-lipids anchor to the spheroid surface through the interactions between their lipid chains and the cell membrane lipids. The flexible and hydrophilic PEG chains act as a dynamic barrier to prevent spheroid adhesion. We showed that the coating eliminated spheroid agglomeration, leading to homogenous spheroid size distribution and significant improvements in cell growth rate and volumetric yield. This novel approach is expected to impact large-scale hPSC production significantly. Furthermore, the approach can be generalized for culturing other human cell types.
人类多能干细胞(hPSCs)是制造用于再生医学的各种人类细胞类型的理想“原料”,需要大量使用。3D悬浮培养(例如,搅拌槽生物反应器或STR)在搅拌介质中悬浮和培养细胞,已被广泛研究以扩大hPSC的生产规模。然而,三维悬浮的一个重要问题是不受控制的球体团聚。它导致细胞生长停滞,细胞凋亡,细胞纯度和质量不均匀。我们提出i)抑制球体粘附可以防止球体团聚ii)抑制可以通过在球体表面涂上生物相容性的抗粘附分子来实现。我们使用聚乙二醇脂质作为模型抗粘附分子来成功地证明这一概念。聚乙二醇脂质通过其脂链与细胞膜脂质的相互作用锚定在球体表面。柔性和亲水性PEG链作为一个动态屏障,以防止球体粘附。我们发现涂层消除了球形团聚,导致球形尺寸分布均匀,显著提高了细胞生长速度和体积产率。这种新方法有望对大规模hPSC生产产生重大影响。此外,该方法可推广到其他人类细胞类型的培养。
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引用次数: 0
Facile synthesis of lithium argyrodite Li5.5PS4.5Br1.5 with high ionic conductivity for all-solid-state batteries 全固态电池用高离子电导率银晶锂Li5.5PS4.5Br1.5的简易合成
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.883502
Shuo Wang, Xinbin Wu, Yuhan Liang, Yushuai Xu, Shundong Guan, Kaihua Wen, Xiang Miao, Ying Liang, H. He, Yuanhua Lin, Yang Shen, C. Nan
Bromine-rich lithium argyrodite electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and low cost are promising for the replacement of flammable liquid electrolytes and separators in lithium-ion batteries. However, the synthesis process of argyrodite electrolytes is usually complex and time-consuming. We use a facile solid-state reaction method to obtain a highly Li-ion conductive Li5.5PS4.5Br1.5 (LPSB). The influence of annealing temperature on the phase and ionic conductivity of the LPSB was investigated for the first time. High ionic conductivity of 5.21 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature for the LPSB with minor LiBr impurity was achieved by direct annealing at 430°C for 8 h. The In/InLi | LPSB | LiCoO2@ LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3 (LCO(coated))-LPSB cell with 8.53 mg cm−2 LCO loading shows a discharge capacity of 102 mAh g−1 with high-capacity retention of 93% after 70 cycles at 0.5 mA cm−2 at 30°C.
富含溴的高离子导电性、低成本的亚硝酸锂电解质有望取代锂离子电池中的易燃液体电解质和隔膜。然而,银石电解质的合成过程通常是复杂和耗时的。我们使用简单的固态反应方法获得了高Li离子传导性的Li5.5PS4.5Br1.5(LPSB)。首次研究了退火温度对LPSB相和离子电导率的影响。具有少量LiBr杂质的LPSB在室温下通过在430°C下直接退火8小时获得5.21×10−3 S cm−1的高离子电导率。具有8.53 mg cm−2 LCO负载的In/InLi|LPSB|LiCoO2@LiNb0.5Ta0.5O3(LCO(涂层))-LPSB电池在30°C下0.5 mA cm−2下70次循环后显示出102 mAh g−1的放电容量和93%的高容量保持率。
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引用次数: 1
CFD modelling of a wave-mixed bioreactor with complex geometry and two degrees of freedom motion 具有复杂几何形状和二自由度运动的波浪混合生物反应器的CFD建模
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1021416
S. Seidel, R. Maschke, M. Kraume, R. Eibl, D. Eibl
Optimizing bioprocesses requires an in-depth understanding, from a bioengineering perspective, of the cultivation systems used. A bioengineering characterization is typically performed via experimental or numerical methods, which are particularly well-established for stirred bioreactors. For unstirred, non-rigid systems such as wave-mixed bioreactors, numerical methods prove to be problematic, as often only simplified geometries and motions can be assumed. In this work, a general approach for the numerical characterization of non-stirred cultivation systems is demonstrated using the CELL-tainer bioreactor with two degree of freedom motion as an example. In a first step, the motion is recorded via motion capturing, and a 3D model of the culture bag geometry is generated via 3D-scanning. Subsequently, the bioreactor is characterized with respect to mixing time, and oxygen transfer rate, as well as specific power input and temporal Kolmogorov length scale distribution. The results demonstrate that the CELL-tainer with two degrees of freedom outperforms classic wave-mixed bioreactors in terms of oxygen transport. In addition, it was shown that in the cell culture version of the CELL-tainer, the critical Kolmogorov length is not surpassed in any simulation.
优化生物工艺需要从生物工程的角度深入了解所使用的培养系统。生物工程表征通常通过实验或数值方法进行,这对于搅拌生物反应器来说是特别成熟的。对于未扰动的非刚性系统,如波浪混合生物反应器,数值方法被证明是有问题的,因为通常只能假设简化的几何形状和运动。在这项工作中,以具有两个自由度运动的CELL容器生物反应器为例,展示了一种对非搅拌培养系统进行数值表征的通用方法。在第一步骤中,通过运动捕捉来记录运动,并且通过3D扫描来生成培养袋几何形状的3D模型。随后,对生物反应器的混合时间、氧转移速率、比功率输入和时间上的Kolmogorov长度尺度分布进行表征。结果表明,具有两个自由度的CELL容器在氧气输送方面优于经典的波浪混合生物反应器。此外,研究表明,在细胞培养版本的cell容器中,在任何模拟中都不会超过临界Kolmogorov长度。
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引用次数: 6
Quantification of oxidative stress in Saccharomyces pastorianus propagation: Gene expression analysis using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry 巴斯德酵母繁殖过程中氧化应激的定量:定量逆转录聚合酶链反应和流式细胞术的基因表达分析
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1035348
A. Beugholt, K. Büchner, D. Geier, T. Becker
When confronted with environmental stress, yeast cell reacts, among others, by modifying the expression of specific genes. In this study, gene expression was analyzed via RT-qPCR to quantify the oxidative stress of Saccharomyces pastorianus during yeast propagation as a reaction to different aeration levels. Target genes were identified, and a reference gene system was developed. Fermentation experiments were conducted in shaking flasks, applying different shaking speeds to generate various aeration efficiencies. The cells were sampled at different propagation stages and, additionally to the expression study, analyzed by flow cytometry after staining with dihydroethidium (DHE) to quantify reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the cells. The results indicate that high oxygen fermentation conditions led to an increased expression of the catalase-A gene CTA1 during propagation. Furthermore, the determination of cell internal ROS shows increasing oxidative stress over the process in accordance with the RT-qPCR measurements.
当面临环境压力时,酵母细胞会通过改变特定基因的表达等方式做出反应。在本研究中,通过RT-qPCR分析基因表达,以量化酵母繁殖过程中对不同通气水平的氧化应激反应。确定了靶基因,并建立了参考基因系统。在摇瓶中进行发酵实验,施加不同的摇速以产生不同的曝气效率。在不同的繁殖阶段对细胞进行取样,除表达研究外,在用二氢乙锭(DHE)染色后通过流式细胞术进行分析,以量化细胞内的活性氧(ROS)。结果表明,在高氧发酵条件下,催化A基因CTA1在繁殖过程中的表达增加。此外,根据RT-qPCR测量,细胞内部ROS的测定显示在整个过程中氧化应激增加。
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引用次数: 1
Biological funneling of phenolics from transgenic plants engineered to express the bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (qsuB) gene 转基因植物中酚类物质的生物漏斗表达细菌3-脱氢莽草酸脱水酶(qsuB)基因
Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1036084
G. Umana, Jose M. Perez, Faride Unda, Chien-Yuan Lin, Canan Sener, S. D. Karlen, S. Mansfield, A. Eudes, J. Ralph, T. Donohue, D. Noguera
The economic and environmental sustainability of lignocellulosic biomass biorefineries is predicated on generating biofuels and bioproducts from cell-wall polysaccharide and lignin polymers. Historical efforts in plant genetic engineering have focused on the development of strategies that facilitate biomass deconstruction, with more recently efforts including the synthesis of high-value chemicals in planta. One such genetic modification is the expression of the bacterial quinate and shikimate utilization B (qsuB) gene that increases the accumulation of protocatechuic acid in lignocellulosic biomass. Herein, we evaluated the effectiveness of an alkaline pretreatment process to extract phenolics directly from wild-type and QsuB-transgenic lines of Arabidopsis, poplar, and sorghum, and then upgrade them to the polyester precursor 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC) with an engineered strain of Novosphingobium aromaticivorans. Protocatechuic acid extracted from all QsuB transgenic lines was found to be mostly in the glycosylated form. Glycosylated protocatechuic acid and other plant-derived phenolics were effectively metabolized by N. aromaticivorans, and PDC production was greatest using extracts from an Arabidopsis QsuB transgenic line (∼5% w/w), followed by QsuB sorghum (∼1.1% w/w), and QsuB poplar (∼0.4% w/w) lines. The comparison of PDC production from wild-type and QsuB transgenic lines of Arabidopsis, poplar, and sorghum demonstrates the utility of a mild alkaline pretreatment to liberate phenolics from plant biomass that are either naturally present or that accumulate as a consequence of genetic engineering strategies. All QsuB transgenic lines outperformed their wild-type counterparts with respect to observed PDC yields. In addition, microbial funneling to PDC was effective even when most of the protocatechuic acid extracted was in glycosylated form, clearly demonstrating that this bacterium can metabolize these aromatic conjugates. These findings illustrate the benefits of combining plant and microbial engineering for bioproduct formation from phenolics in lignocellulosic biorefineries.
木质纤维素生物质生物炼制的经济和环境可持续性取决于从细胞壁多糖和木质素聚合物中生产生物燃料和生物产品。植物基因工程的历史努力集中在开发促进生物质解构的策略上,最近的努力包括在植物中合成高价值的化学物质。一种这样的遗传修饰是细菌奎宁酸盐和莽草酸盐利用B(qsuB)基因的表达,其增加了原儿茶酸在木质纤维素生物质中的积累。在此,我们评估了碱性预处理工艺的有效性,该工艺可直接从拟南芥、白杨和高粱的野生型和QsuB转基因系中提取酚类物质,然后用芳构新鞘氨醇的工程菌株将其升级为聚酯前体2-吡咯-4,6-二羧酸(PDC)。从所有QsuB转基因品系中提取的原儿茶酸大多呈糖基化形式。糖基化原儿茶酸酯和其他植物衍生的酚类物质被芳香菌有效代谢,使用拟南芥QsuB基因转基因品系的提取物(~5%w/w)产生PDC最大,其次是QsuB高粱(~1.1%w/w),和QsuB杨树(~0.4%w/w)品系。拟南芥、白杨和高粱的野生型和QsuB转基因系的PDC生产的比较表明,温和的碱性预处理可以从植物生物质中释放酚类物质,这些植物生物质要么是天然存在的,要么是由于基因工程策略而积累的。就观察到的PDC产量而言,所有QsuB转基因品系都优于野生型对应品系。此外,即使当提取的大部分原儿茶酸是糖基化形式时,微生物向PDC的漏斗输送也是有效的,这清楚地表明这种细菌可以代谢这些芳香缀合物。这些发现说明了植物和微生物工程相结合在木质纤维素生物精炼厂中由酚类物质形成生物产品的好处。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Frontiers in chemical engineering
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