Amrita Jayaswal, Rashika Singh, Shitij Srivastava, Abhinav Shekhar, L. Bhatia
The longevity of cement-retained implant-supported restorations depends upon a strong and durable bond at the metal/cement interface. Various forms of surface treatments of implant abutments have been shown to enhance the retention of cement-retained restorations. The present study was undertaken to comparatively evaluate the tensile bond strength of metal copings luted onto implant abutments subjected to different surface treatments and determine the most effective surface treatment for long-term retention. Forty acrylic blocks were prepared, each with an implant analogue placed vertically inside the block and straight abutments tightened optimally onto implant analogues. The samples were divided into four Groups (n = 10) according to surface treatment of implant abutments: Group A – no surface treatment, Group B – sandblasting, Group C – metal primer application and Group D – acid etching. Metal copings were luted onto implant abutments, and the tensile force necessary to debond each metal coping was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were summarised in Mean ± Standard deviation. Groups were compared by one factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significance of mean difference between the groups was done by Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc test after ascertaining normality by Shapiro-Wilk’s test and homogeneity of variance between groups by Levene’s test. A two-tailed (α = 2) P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The highest mean tensile bond strength was recorded for Group C (metal primer application), followed by Groups B, D and A, respectively. Amongst the surface treatments used in the study, metal primer application was found to be most effective in improving the retention of cement-retained prostheses.
{"title":"A Comparative Evaluation of the Tensile Bond Strength of Cement-retained Restorations on Implant Abutments Subjected to Different Surface Treatments: An In vitro Study","authors":"Amrita Jayaswal, Rashika Singh, Shitij Srivastava, Abhinav Shekhar, L. Bhatia","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_71_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_71_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The longevity of cement-retained implant-supported restorations depends upon a strong and durable bond at the metal/cement interface. Various forms of surface treatments of implant abutments have been shown to enhance the retention of cement-retained restorations. The present study was undertaken to comparatively evaluate the tensile bond strength of metal copings luted onto implant abutments subjected to different surface treatments and determine the most effective surface treatment for long-term retention.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Forty acrylic blocks were prepared, each with an implant analogue placed vertically inside the block and straight abutments tightened optimally onto implant analogues. The samples were divided into four Groups (n = 10) according to surface treatment of implant abutments: Group A – no surface treatment, Group B – sandblasting, Group C – metal primer application and Group D – acid etching. Metal copings were luted onto implant abutments, and the tensile force necessary to debond each metal coping was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were summarised in Mean ± Standard deviation. Groups were compared by one factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significance of mean difference between the groups was done by Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc test after ascertaining normality by Shapiro-Wilk’s test and homogeneity of variance between groups by Levene’s test. A two-tailed (α = 2) P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The highest mean tensile bond strength was recorded for Group C (metal primer application), followed by Groups B, D and A, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Amongst the surface treatments used in the study, metal primer application was found to be most effective in improving the retention of cement-retained prostheses.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahnuma Ahmad, Susmita Sinha, K. Chowdhury, Mainul Haque
{"title":"Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis: A Global Health Dilemma","authors":"Rahnuma Ahmad, Susmita Sinha, K. Chowdhury, Mainul Haque","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_15_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_15_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_144_23
Rahnuma Ahmad, Mainul Haque
{"title":"Rethinking the Efficacy of Natural and Synthetic Folic Acid on Human Health and Looking into a Better Alternative","authors":"Rahnuma Ahmad, Mainul Haque","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_144_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_144_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dengue Dynamics: A Global Update","authors":"R. Yousuf, Md Wasek Salam, Shaima Akter, Susmita Sinha, Mainul Haque","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_135_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_135_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_128_23
Tiyani Milta Sono, Vanda Marković-Peković, Brian Godman
{"title":"Effective Programmes to Reduce Inappropriate Dispensing of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies Especially in Developing Countries","authors":"Tiyani Milta Sono, Vanda Marković-Peković, Brian Godman","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_128_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_128_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139156231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Embryonic stem cells are candidates for the treatment of regenerative medicine, but their use is faced with limitations due to ethical issues. The human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are appropriate options because the cells have no ethical difficulties and have self-renewal. Senescence is known as a gradual functional loss that heterogeneously occurs in multiple organ systems. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the cellular senescence process in human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells. Materials and Methods: Umbilical cord was obtained from healthy newborns at the General Hospital of Tabriz. Under sterile conditions, Wharton's jelly was removed from the blood vessels and minced into small pieces of about 0.5 mm. These were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (MSC medium). Real-time polymerase chain reaction for p16INK4a and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining was performed to investigate the cellular senescence process. Results: The results showed the different expressions in the different passages, but it was significantly increased from the fifth passage compared to the first passage. SA-β-gal staining also showed increased colour intensity in the fifth passage compared to the first passage. Conclusion: SA-β-gal is not a specific marker for senescence, while p16INK4a is a specific marker. Further studies are required for the investigation of the senescence mechanism, such as the evaluation of genes involved in the senescence.
{"title":"Study of the cellular senescence process in human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"S. Hejazi, M. Maleki, Morteza Rasekh","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_19_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Embryonic stem cells are candidates for the treatment of regenerative medicine, but their use is faced with limitations due to ethical issues. The human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are appropriate options because the cells have no ethical difficulties and have self-renewal. Senescence is known as a gradual functional loss that heterogeneously occurs in multiple organ systems. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the cellular senescence process in human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells. Materials and Methods: Umbilical cord was obtained from healthy newborns at the General Hospital of Tabriz. Under sterile conditions, Wharton's jelly was removed from the blood vessels and minced into small pieces of about 0.5 mm. These were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (MSC medium). Real-time polymerase chain reaction for p16INK4a and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining was performed to investigate the cellular senescence process. Results: The results showed the different expressions in the different passages, but it was significantly increased from the fifth passage compared to the first passage. SA-β-gal staining also showed increased colour intensity in the fifth passage compared to the first passage. Conclusion: SA-β-gal is not a specific marker for senescence, while p16INK4a is a specific marker. Further studies are required for the investigation of the senescence mechanism, such as the evaluation of genes involved in the senescence.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70643802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_158_22
Hemal Joshi, Neelampari Parikh, C. Nandini, G. Bhatt, Sandeep Jain, Ashwini Parmar
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm affecting the oral cavity. Recent work indicates that morphological and molecular characteristics of tumour cells at invasive tumor fronts (ITF) underlie the biological aggressiveness of OSCC. The aim of the study was to compare the pattern of invasion (POI) (Type I to V) at tumour–host interface in 150 primary and 50 secondary OSCC cases. Materials and Methods: Both pre-dominant POI and worst POI was evaluated in all cases. Pre-dominant pattern of invasion and worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) were compared with Broder's grading system. Statistical analysis was done using a statistical software package (SPSS) and Fisher's exact test. Results: Results showed that the WPOI pattern also moves towards higher scores as the grade increases. Conclusion: We thus conclude that POI could serve as an individual prognostic marker irrespective of the histologic differentiation of the tumour.
{"title":"Evaluation of invasive tumour front in primary and secondary oral squamous cell carcinoma – A reliable prognostic parameter","authors":"Hemal Joshi, Neelampari Parikh, C. Nandini, G. Bhatt, Sandeep Jain, Ashwini Parmar","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_158_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_158_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm affecting the oral cavity. Recent work indicates that morphological and molecular characteristics of tumour cells at invasive tumor fronts (ITF) underlie the biological aggressiveness of OSCC. The aim of the study was to compare the pattern of invasion (POI) (Type I to V) at tumour–host interface in 150 primary and 50 secondary OSCC cases. Materials and Methods: Both pre-dominant POI and worst POI was evaluated in all cases. Pre-dominant pattern of invasion and worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) were compared with Broder's grading system. Statistical analysis was done using a statistical software package (SPSS) and Fisher's exact test. Results: Results showed that the WPOI pattern also moves towards higher scores as the grade increases. Conclusion: We thus conclude that POI could serve as an individual prognostic marker irrespective of the histologic differentiation of the tumour.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70643466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Prostate cancer is primarily a disease that occurs in the elderly age group amongst men above 65 years of age. The relationship between the Bcl-2 and Bax genes and the Gleason staging of prostate cancer has not been studied in depth, and there is a dearth of published Indian research on the subject. Hence, this study aims to comprehend how the apoptotic mechanism relates to prostate cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the proportion (expression) of Bcl-2 and BAX genes in prostate carcinoma (PCa) and to observe the correlation of Bcl-2 and BAX gene association with Gleason scoring in PCa. Materials and Methods: Transurethral resected prostatic Chips positive for PCa and paraffin blocks were evaluated for the study. H-score system was used based on the cytoplasmic staining into negative mild, moderate and strong cytoplasmic staining. Results: Fifty cases were analysed. There was a notable relationship between Gleason grade and tumour size, and levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were in an increasing manner with Gleason's grade except at Grade 3, with the majority of cases falling into Gleason grade 5 (42%) and PSA levels falling into the range of 90–99 (28%), tumour size falling into the range of 3.1–6 cm (44%), T4 stage (34%) and metastasis (80%). Conclusion: This study concluded that PSA levels in cases of prostate cancer patients were showing an increasing trend with Gleason grade. This demonstrated a striking correlation between Gleason grade and H score BCL2, but not one that was particularly significant for the BAX gene.
{"title":"Expression of BAX and Bcl-2 gene in prostate carcinoma and its correlation with Gleason score","authors":"Subhashis Das, Aiswarya Unnithan, S. Nadipanna","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_46_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_46_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prostate cancer is primarily a disease that occurs in the elderly age group amongst men above 65 years of age. The relationship between the Bcl-2 and Bax genes and the Gleason staging of prostate cancer has not been studied in depth, and there is a dearth of published Indian research on the subject. Hence, this study aims to comprehend how the apoptotic mechanism relates to prostate cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the proportion (expression) of Bcl-2 and BAX genes in prostate carcinoma (PCa) and to observe the correlation of Bcl-2 and BAX gene association with Gleason scoring in PCa. Materials and Methods: Transurethral resected prostatic Chips positive for PCa and paraffin blocks were evaluated for the study. H-score system was used based on the cytoplasmic staining into negative mild, moderate and strong cytoplasmic staining. Results: Fifty cases were analysed. There was a notable relationship between Gleason grade and tumour size, and levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were in an increasing manner with Gleason's grade except at Grade 3, with the majority of cases falling into Gleason grade 5 (42%) and PSA levels falling into the range of 90–99 (28%), tumour size falling into the range of 3.1–6 cm (44%), T4 stage (34%) and metastasis (80%). Conclusion: This study concluded that PSA levels in cases of prostate cancer patients were showing an increasing trend with Gleason grade. This demonstrated a striking correlation between Gleason grade and H score BCL2, but not one that was particularly significant for the BAX gene.","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70645247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_206_22
Parisa Zeynali, Vahid Tambrchi, Emad Behboudi
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 encodes ORF8a as viroporin and ORF8b as NLRP3 activator?","authors":"Parisa Zeynali, Vahid Tambrchi, Emad Behboudi","doi":"10.4103/aihb.aihb_206_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aihb.aihb_206_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7341,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Human Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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