Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233473
N. R. Ramesh Masthi, Pruthvi S.
Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the infectious disease known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). A lockdown was implemented across the nation in response to escalating infections and community transmission. Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) must get therapy for the rest of their lives. Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) must be available and strictly adhered to in order to lower HIV-related morbidity and mortality and stop HIV transmission. ART continuity in PLHIV has been compromised globally by the COVID-19 epidemic. This research was done to find out how the pandemic affected PLHIV patient’s adherence to their ART regimens. Methods: For nine months, PLHIV visiting the ART centre in a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru urban participated in this a prospective comparative study. Through systematic random sampling, 470 patients were chosen for the study. Data were gathered by one-on-one interviews using a standardised semi-structured questionnaire. The statistics used were mean, median, and z test for proportion. Results: The bulk of the study participants were male and between the ages of 41 and 50. The most frequent means of HIV transmission risk was heterosexual interaction. Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a large difference in the number of PLHIV/day visits. Opportunistic infections and first-line failures were more common and statistically significant during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the pandemic, there was an average 94.84% adherence to ART, which dropped to 80.55% during the pandemic. The variation was substantial. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted PLHIV medication adherence, and opportunistic infections have increased during this time.
{"title":"A descriptive comparative study on COVID-19 impact among people living with human immunodeficiency virus at tertiary care hospital: Bengaluru urban","authors":"N. R. Ramesh Masthi, Pruthvi S.","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233473","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the infectious disease known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). A lockdown was implemented across the nation in response to escalating infections and community transmission. Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) must get therapy for the rest of their lives. Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) must be available and strictly adhered to in order to lower HIV-related morbidity and mortality and stop HIV transmission. ART continuity in PLHIV has been compromised globally by the COVID-19 epidemic. This research was done to find out how the pandemic affected PLHIV patient’s adherence to their ART regimens. Methods: For nine months, PLHIV visiting the ART centre in a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru urban participated in this a prospective comparative study. Through systematic random sampling, 470 patients were chosen for the study. Data were gathered by one-on-one interviews using a standardised semi-structured questionnaire. The statistics used were mean, median, and z test for proportion. Results: The bulk of the study participants were male and between the ages of 41 and 50. The most frequent means of HIV transmission risk was heterosexual interaction. Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a large difference in the number of PLHIV/day visits. Opportunistic infections and first-line failures were more common and statistically significant during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to the pandemic, there was an average 94.84% adherence to ART, which dropped to 80.55% during the pandemic. The variation was substantial. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted PLHIV medication adherence, and opportunistic infections have increased during this time.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"33 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233466
Arvind Kumar, Vivek Gupta, Mansoor A. Khan, Harshika Srivastava
Background: Patients experiencing low back pain (LBP) often benefit from therapeutic exercise. These exercises can retrain trunk muscles and improve spinal stability and sensory integration. Consequently, we aimed to compare the efficacy of a core stabilization program and conventional exercises in low back pain. Methods: This prospective, comparative study comprised 192 subjects aged 20-60 with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSLBP). Core stabilization or usual physical therapy activities were randomly assigned to groups C or R. Both treatment groups received TENS and ultrasound therapy. Pretreatment, second, fourth, and sixth-week post-treatment outcomes were documented using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Both groups were female-dominated. Height, weight, and BMI were comparable. At baseline, group C had a mean VAS score (5.69±1.80), while group R had (5.52±1.42). P value 0.4684 indicates no significant difference between exercise groups. At the final assessment, group C had a considerably (p<0.0001*) lower mean VAS score (2.96±0.39) than group R (3.89±0.98). Group C had a substantially higher mean VAS score change from baseline to the final evaluation (-2.73±0.51) than group R (-1.18±0.79). Conclusions: Core stabilization exercise is more effective than routine physical therapy exercise in terms of greater reduction in pain in chronic NSLBP.
{"title":"Efficacy of core stabilization program and conventional exercises in low back pain","authors":"Arvind Kumar, Vivek Gupta, Mansoor A. Khan, Harshika Srivastava","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233466","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients experiencing low back pain (LBP) often benefit from therapeutic exercise. These exercises can retrain trunk muscles and improve spinal stability and sensory integration. Consequently, we aimed to compare the efficacy of a core stabilization program and conventional exercises in low back pain. Methods: This prospective, comparative study comprised 192 subjects aged 20-60 with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSLBP). Core stabilization or usual physical therapy activities were randomly assigned to groups C or R. Both treatment groups received TENS and ultrasound therapy. Pretreatment, second, fourth, and sixth-week post-treatment outcomes were documented using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Both groups were female-dominated. Height, weight, and BMI were comparable. At baseline, group C had a mean VAS score (5.69±1.80), while group R had (5.52±1.42). P value 0.4684 indicates no significant difference between exercise groups. At the final assessment, group C had a considerably (p<0.0001*) lower mean VAS score (2.96±0.39) than group R (3.89±0.98). Group C had a substantially higher mean VAS score change from baseline to the final evaluation (-2.73±0.51) than group R (-1.18±0.79). Conclusions: Core stabilization exercise is more effective than routine physical therapy exercise in terms of greater reduction in pain in chronic NSLBP.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233430
John Odira, Mary W. Gitahi, Alloys S. S. Orago
Background: Globally unexpected 219 million malaria cases occurred in 2021, with 90% of these cases happening in the WHO Africa region and unexpected 435,000 malaria transmissions worldwide, with children less than five years being the most-at-risk (61%) of malaria infections (World Malaria Report, 2021). In 2019, IRS coverage was 94.6%. This was reason enough to assess contributing factors leading to not reaching targeted 100% of the households mapped despite massive resources. Methods: The study adopted analytical cross-sectional design. The study area was Migori County (Awendo, Uriri, Rongo, Suna East, Suna West and Nyatike sub counties) where IRS had been implemented in four sessions. The study period November 2021 to April 2022. The respondents sample size was determined using Cochran (1963) for a single population of 1,000 households. The respondents were randomly selected villages from purposively selected Migori County. Kenyatta University Ethics Review Committee and NACOSTI provided ethical clearance. Quantitative data analyzed using SPSS version 2.6 and thematically for qualitative data. A Chi-squared test used to compute statistically significant differences between independent variables at p value <0.05. Results: Some 249 (90%) of the respondents confirmed their houses were IRS- covered while 32 (10%) of the houses were not sprayed because they were not informed in advance (p value <0.000). Conclusions: Using the Chi-squared test of significance the spray operators` arrival time for IRS activities affected the respondents daily calendar of events significantly (p=0.013, <0.05) resulting into respondents’ non-participation and unmet targets.
{"title":"Uptake of indoor residual spray as a malaria vector control strategy among the residents in Migori County, Kenya","authors":"John Odira, Mary W. Gitahi, Alloys S. S. Orago","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233430","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally unexpected 219 million malaria cases occurred in 2021, with 90% of these cases happening in the WHO Africa region and unexpected 435,000 malaria transmissions worldwide, with children less than five years being the most-at-risk (61%) of malaria infections (World Malaria Report, 2021). In 2019, IRS coverage was 94.6%. This was reason enough to assess contributing factors leading to not reaching targeted 100% of the households mapped despite massive resources. Methods: The study adopted analytical cross-sectional design. The study area was Migori County (Awendo, Uriri, Rongo, Suna East, Suna West and Nyatike sub counties) where IRS had been implemented in four sessions. The study period November 2021 to April 2022. The respondents sample size was determined using Cochran (1963) for a single population of 1,000 households. The respondents were randomly selected villages from purposively selected Migori County. Kenyatta University Ethics Review Committee and NACOSTI provided ethical clearance. Quantitative data analyzed using SPSS version 2.6 and thematically for qualitative data. A Chi-squared test used to compute statistically significant differences between independent variables at p value <0.05. Results: Some 249 (90%) of the respondents confirmed their houses were IRS- covered while 32 (10%) of the houses were not sprayed because they were not informed in advance (p value <0.000). Conclusions: Using the Chi-squared test of significance the spray operators` arrival time for IRS activities affected the respondents daily calendar of events significantly (p=0.013, <0.05) resulting into respondents’ non-participation and unmet targets.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233451
Seetharam Mysore, Vidyashree M., Shruti Sajjalguddam, Deepak Murthy, Nagarathna N., Maria Martinez Rangel
Background: Suicides and non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSI) pose a serious public health problem, affecting communities all over the world. Adolescents and young adults are particularly vulnerable to commit self-harm (SH). SH causes serious emotional, physical, and economic repercussions, and leads to long-term health impacts. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a rural secondary care hospital from Feb 2020 to March 2022. Data regarding demographics, cause and type of SH, and treatment provided to 190 patients were analysed. Results: Majority of patients were in the 16-35 years age group. Poison consumption was the commonest method used. Pesticides and pills were the commonly-used agents. Agricultural activities and pre-existing illness in families facilitated access to these agents, as did the unregulated availability and unsafe storage. 31 patients disclosed the reason for SH, with the commonest reason being strained relationships. Emotional states described by the patients which pushed them to SH included dejection, hopelessness, anger, recklessness, altered mood, lack of purpose in life, cynicism and a sense of lack of support. 16% were discharged against medical advice. Conclusions: The study identified the need for methodical documentation, referral and follow-up of patients, with adequate psychiatric and counselling support. Access to care for SH patients is lacking especially in rural areas, and is at best available only for management of the SH event. SH should be considered not as a disease by itself, but as an outcome of stress due to socio-economic and other factors. Multi-stakeholder convergent approaches are needed to tackle this challenge in a holistic manner.
{"title":"A retrospective study of attempted self-harm in a secondary care setting in rural India","authors":"Seetharam Mysore, Vidyashree M., Shruti Sajjalguddam, Deepak Murthy, Nagarathna N., Maria Martinez Rangel","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233451","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Suicides and non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSI) pose a serious public health problem, affecting communities all over the world. Adolescents and young adults are particularly vulnerable to commit self-harm (SH). SH causes serious emotional, physical, and economic repercussions, and leads to long-term health impacts. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a rural secondary care hospital from Feb 2020 to March 2022. Data regarding demographics, cause and type of SH, and treatment provided to 190 patients were analysed. Results: Majority of patients were in the 16-35 years age group. Poison consumption was the commonest method used. Pesticides and pills were the commonly-used agents. Agricultural activities and pre-existing illness in families facilitated access to these agents, as did the unregulated availability and unsafe storage. 31 patients disclosed the reason for SH, with the commonest reason being strained relationships. Emotional states described by the patients which pushed them to SH included dejection, hopelessness, anger, recklessness, altered mood, lack of purpose in life, cynicism and a sense of lack of support. 16% were discharged against medical advice. Conclusions: The study identified the need for methodical documentation, referral and follow-up of patients, with adequate psychiatric and counselling support. Access to care for SH patients is lacking especially in rural areas, and is at best available only for management of the SH event. SH should be considered not as a disease by itself, but as an outcome of stress due to socio-economic and other factors. Multi-stakeholder convergent approaches are needed to tackle this challenge in a holistic manner.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"34 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Healthcare workers face specific challenges during infectious disease outbreak. Along with fear of getting infection, performing new, unfamiliar tasks in unfamiliar setting with new outfit (PPE) complicates their working. We explore perceptions and lived experiences of front-line nurses who cared for COVI9-19 confirmed patients in a tertiary hospital of North India eighteen in-depth, telephonic, semi structured interviews were conducted. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Nurses were challenged by risk of infection or fear of transmission, working in a new setting, unfamiliar clinical roles, heavy workloads, ineffective communication and discomforts of protective gear. Despite facing various challenges, nurses showed great strength and resilience. Good administrative support, PPE surveillance, developing nurses’ task force with distinct responsibilities, orientation, training and empowerment are suggested strategies to overcome the challenges and enhance the resilience. Nurses lived experiences will be helpful to healthcare organizations preparing for or responding to outbreaks or disaster.
{"title":"How is COVID nursing different? A phenomenological analysis of the nurses’ experience from a tertiary care COVID units","authors":"Jasleen Kaur, Manju Dhandapani, Sukhpal Kaur, None Venkadalakshmi, Sivashanmugam Dhandapani, Karobi Das","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233485","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare workers face specific challenges during infectious disease outbreak. Along with fear of getting infection, performing new, unfamiliar tasks in unfamiliar setting with new outfit (PPE) complicates their working. We explore perceptions and lived experiences of front-line nurses who cared for COVI9-19 confirmed patients in a tertiary hospital of North India eighteen in-depth, telephonic, semi structured interviews were conducted. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Nurses were challenged by risk of infection or fear of transmission, working in a new setting, unfamiliar clinical roles, heavy workloads, ineffective communication and discomforts of protective gear. Despite facing various challenges, nurses showed great strength and resilience. Good administrative support, PPE surveillance, developing nurses’ task force with distinct responsibilities, orientation, training and empowerment are suggested strategies to overcome the challenges and enhance the resilience. Nurses lived experiences will be helpful to healthcare organizations preparing for or responding to outbreaks or disaster.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical and research instruments are available for assessing patients with psychiatric illness along specific dimensions of symptoms, comorbidities, and other health outcomes. Rating scales in clinical practice and research standardize diagnosis and assessment. Here, we focus on rating scales for common psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety disorder, and stress-related disorders. Structured observation is most commonly used with this tool. Here are a few tools with basic characteristics, such as clarity, relevance, variety, objectives, and uniqueness. Rating scales will be discussed in clinical and research settings and future directions in their use. People using scales for commercial purposes should check for access and availability since some scales are copyrighted. The more standardization can be achieved, the easier it will be to compare individuals or groups of individuals. We will be able to assess care quality and outcomes across settings.
{"title":"Rating scales in psychiatric disorders - why?","authors":"Bhuvaneswari Rajachandrasekar, Sakthivel Vaiyapuri","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233502","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical and research instruments are available for assessing patients with psychiatric illness along specific dimensions of symptoms, comorbidities, and other health outcomes. Rating scales in clinical practice and research standardize diagnosis and assessment. Here, we focus on rating scales for common psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety disorder, and stress-related disorders. Structured observation is most commonly used with this tool. Here are a few tools with basic characteristics, such as clarity, relevance, variety, objectives, and uniqueness. Rating scales will be discussed in clinical and research settings and future directions in their use. People using scales for commercial purposes should check for access and availability since some scales are copyrighted. The more standardization can be achieved, the easier it will be to compare individuals or groups of individuals. We will be able to assess care quality and outcomes across settings.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"2015 32","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233462
Ishwar Gopinath, P. Arulmozhi, S. Arun Murugan
Background: Aim was to assess the level of awareness and practices related to climate change and its effects on health among urban population in metropolitan city. To recommend awareness programs regarding climate change and its health hazards for urban population based on results. Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among 180 adults from January 2022 to March 2022. The data was entered in MS Excel and was analyzed by using SPSS-16 software. Results: The awareness about climate change was 63%. 76% of the respondents did not agree that climate change is related to extreme weather phenomenon. All the participants believed that climate change affects health, but none of them were aware that it is causing increased incidence of cancer. 73% of the participants always adopted climate friendly alternatives to using own motor vehicles. None of the participants practiced garbage segregation. Only 19% always used climate friendly alternatives to plastic bags. 74% respondents were unable to give concrete solutions to control climate change. 14% participants suggested planting more trees, 10% called for control of industrialization and population explosion. 66% obtained their information from newspapers. None of them viewed scientific journals. There was no significant association between educational status and awareness of climate change. Conclusions: The population is moderately aware of climate change. They are not well aware of its long-term impacts on health. There is an urgent need for them to be well informed with verified sources of information. Appropriate campaigns must be initiated.
{"title":"Awareness and practices regarding climate change and its effects on health, in an urban community: a cross sectional study","authors":"Ishwar Gopinath, P. Arulmozhi, S. Arun Murugan","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233462","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aim was to assess the level of awareness and practices related to climate change and its effects on health among urban population in metropolitan city. To recommend awareness programs regarding climate change and its health hazards for urban population based on results. Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among 180 adults from January 2022 to March 2022. The data was entered in MS Excel and was analyzed by using SPSS-16 software. Results: The awareness about climate change was 63%. 76% of the respondents did not agree that climate change is related to extreme weather phenomenon. All the participants believed that climate change affects health, but none of them were aware that it is causing increased incidence of cancer. 73% of the participants always adopted climate friendly alternatives to using own motor vehicles. None of the participants practiced garbage segregation. Only 19% always used climate friendly alternatives to plastic bags. 74% respondents were unable to give concrete solutions to control climate change. 14% participants suggested planting more trees, 10% called for control of industrialization and population explosion. 66% obtained their information from newspapers. None of them viewed scientific journals. There was no significant association between educational status and awareness of climate change. Conclusions: The population is moderately aware of climate change. They are not well aware of its long-term impacts on health. There is an urgent need for them to be well informed with verified sources of information. Appropriate campaigns must be initiated.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"2008 32","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233452
Ranjit Kumar Sahu, Debarati Chakraborty, Soumen Jana
Background: Burn injuries continue to pose a significant and preventable global health challenge, with developing countries like India experiencing a troubling rise in cases. This study aimed to investigate the socio-demographic characteristics and patterns of burn injuries among patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital's. Methods: Over a six-month period, a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using semi-structured questionnaires, with prior consent from patients or their caregivers. Clinical assessments were also conducted to determine the percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) affected and the most severely affected body part. Results: 145 patients included in the study, the females were (56.55%), primarily aged between 21 and 40 years. Hindus (58.62%), lived in rural areas (63.45%), and were married (66.90%). Accidental burns accounted for 81.38% of cases, mainly occurring at home (84.83%). Flame burns were more common among females, while electric burns were more prevalent among males. The majority of burn injuries covered up to 30% of TBSA (44.83%), with the upper limbs being the most severely affected (42.76%). Alarmingly, only 36.55% of patients were admitted on the same day as the injury. Infection (55.86%) and amputation (8.97%) were the most common complications observed, and 14 deaths (9.66%) occurred during the study period. Conclusions: This study highlights the vulnerability of females to flame burns, often stemming from unsafe cooking practices. Delayed hospital admissions were associated with a higher mortality rate. Efforts to promote safety and awareness, particularly in rural areas, are crucial to reducing the burden of burn injuries in India.
{"title":"Burn injury as a public health problem in Odisha: clinico-epidemiological study of patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital and prospects for control","authors":"Ranjit Kumar Sahu, Debarati Chakraborty, Soumen Jana","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233452","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Burn injuries continue to pose a significant and preventable global health challenge, with developing countries like India experiencing a troubling rise in cases. This study aimed to investigate the socio-demographic characteristics and patterns of burn injuries among patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital's. Methods: Over a six-month period, a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using semi-structured questionnaires, with prior consent from patients or their caregivers. Clinical assessments were also conducted to determine the percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) affected and the most severely affected body part. Results: 145 patients included in the study, the females were (56.55%), primarily aged between 21 and 40 years. Hindus (58.62%), lived in rural areas (63.45%), and were married (66.90%). Accidental burns accounted for 81.38% of cases, mainly occurring at home (84.83%). Flame burns were more common among females, while electric burns were more prevalent among males. The majority of burn injuries covered up to 30% of TBSA (44.83%), with the upper limbs being the most severely affected (42.76%). Alarmingly, only 36.55% of patients were admitted on the same day as the injury. Infection (55.86%) and amputation (8.97%) were the most common complications observed, and 14 deaths (9.66%) occurred during the study period. Conclusions: This study highlights the vulnerability of females to flame burns, often stemming from unsafe cooking practices. Delayed hospital admissions were associated with a higher mortality rate. Efforts to promote safety and awareness, particularly in rural areas, are crucial to reducing the burden of burn injuries in India.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"2004 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233497
Mai Alsammak, Marwa Khattabi
This article is looking at literature on breast cancer screening. Being the most common cancer worldwide and a leading cause of death, screening asymptotic women leads to early detection hence early treatment and with advances in treatments, breast cancer has better survival outcomes.
{"title":"Breast cancer screening a literature review","authors":"Mai Alsammak, Marwa Khattabi","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233497","url":null,"abstract":"This article is looking at literature on breast cancer screening. Being the most common cancer worldwide and a leading cause of death, screening asymptotic women leads to early detection hence early treatment and with advances in treatments, breast cancer has better survival outcomes.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Socioeconomic status (SES) is evaluated by considering a family's income, level of education, and occupation of head of household. SES serves as significant indicator of the family's overall health and their access to resources. Modified Kuppuswamy scale is among the most used tools to assess SES of urban residents, but it necessitates regular updates due to consistent inflation. In this study, present updated version of modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale for the year 2023 in India. Additionally, we have further refined the income points for the scales that were previously underutilized. This refinement aims to ensure more accurate categorization of families based on their societal position.
{"title":"Modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale 2023: stratification and updates","authors":"Manukrishnan Radhakrishnan, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja","doi":"10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233487","url":null,"abstract":"Socioeconomic status (SES) is evaluated by considering a family's income, level of education, and occupation of head of household. SES serves as significant indicator of the family's overall health and their access to resources. Modified Kuppuswamy scale is among the most used tools to assess SES of urban residents, but it necessitates regular updates due to consistent inflation. In this study, present updated version of modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale for the year 2023 in India. Additionally, we have further refined the income points for the scales that were previously underutilized. This refinement aims to ensure more accurate categorization of families based on their societal position.","PeriodicalId":73438,"journal":{"name":"International journal of community medicine and public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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