{"title":"Scientific Advances of Milk Enrichment with Conjugated Linoleic Acid to Produce Anti-Cancer Milk","authors":"M. Biglu, H. Janmohammadi, Lila Mirzapour","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-5868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-5868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49446103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Desmoid tumors, also known as aggressive fibromatosis, grow slowly but are locally aggressive. The therapy strategy consists of surgery, and radiation. Systemic therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiestrogen compounds, cytotoxic chemotherapy and protein kinase inhibitors are recommended for recurrence, unresectable, advanced disease and failure to response to primary treatment. Case Presentation: We report on a 35-year-old female patient with advanced fibromatosis of the soft tissue of neck who has been treated with triple therapy including 8 cycles of Doxorubicin, Tamoxifen daily, and Imatinib daily. Tumor response was evaluated clinically and by enhanced CT SCAN imaging. Conclusions: 90% reduction in tumor size occurred after 6 months of treatment. The response continued and after 8 courses of doxorobicine treatment switched to triple therapy with imatinib , tamoifen and celexocib
{"title":"Triple Therapy with Doxorubicin, Imatinib and Tamoxifen in Recurrence Desmoids Tumor Associated with Pregnancy: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"M. Aznab","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-5476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-5476","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Desmoid tumors, also known as aggressive fibromatosis, grow slowly but are locally aggressive. The therapy strategy consists of surgery, and radiation. Systemic therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiestrogen compounds, cytotoxic chemotherapy and protein kinase inhibitors are recommended for recurrence, unresectable, advanced disease and failure to response to primary treatment. Case Presentation: We report on a 35-year-old female patient with advanced fibromatosis of the soft tissue of neck who has been treated with triple therapy including 8 cycles of Doxorubicin, Tamoxifen daily, and Imatinib daily. Tumor response was evaluated clinically and by enhanced CT SCAN imaging. Conclusions: 90% reduction in tumor size occurred after 6 months of treatment. The response continued and after 8 courses of doxorobicine treatment switched to triple therapy with imatinib , tamoifen and celexocib","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44141942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Asahormone-dependentcancer,estrogenisinvolvedinthedevelopmentof breastcancer. CYP1B1 belongstotheP450 superfamily of enzymes and is involved in the metabolism of estrogen. The present study investigates the relationship between CYP1B1*3 rs1056836 polymorphism and breast cancer in Iranian women. Methods: Thepresentcase-controlstudywasconductedon79womenwithbreastcancerand79healthywomenadmittedtoShoha-daye Tajrish hospital in Tehran. Blood samples were taken from all the participants and their leukocyte DNA was extracted. The PCR-RFLP method was used for genotyping the participants based on the size of the pieces on the gel. Based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model, the frequency of alleles was calculated. Results: The mean age of participants was 48 ± 8 years old in the cancer group and 43 ± 6 years old in the control group. After counting the genotypes, their percentages were calculated as 30.38% for the GG genotype, 37.97% for the GC/CG and 31.65% for the CC in the cancer group and as 32.91% for the GG genotype, 53.16% for the GC/CG and 13.93% for the CC in the control group. Based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model, the frequency of the G allele and C allele was 49.37% and 50.63 in the cancer group, and about 59.49% and 40.51% in the control group. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the CC homozygotes (P = 0.008). Conclusions: Theresultsobtainedshowedpossibilityof asignificantrelationshipbetween CYP1B1 rs1056836polymorphismandthe riskof developingbreastcancer,andthepolymorphismcan,therefore,besaidtobeinvolvedinthedevelopmentof thiscondition.
{"title":"Association Between Cytochrome 1B1*3 Polymorphism and the Breast Cancer in a Group of Iranian Women","authors":"Faezeh Kholousi Adab, Z. T. Fard, M. Akbari","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-6428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-6428","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asahormone-dependentcancer,estrogenisinvolvedinthedevelopmentof breastcancer. CYP1B1 belongstotheP450 superfamily of enzymes and is involved in the metabolism of estrogen. The present study investigates the relationship between CYP1B1*3 rs1056836 polymorphism and breast cancer in Iranian women. Methods: Thepresentcase-controlstudywasconductedon79womenwithbreastcancerand79healthywomenadmittedtoShoha-daye Tajrish hospital in Tehran. Blood samples were taken from all the participants and their leukocyte DNA was extracted. The PCR-RFLP method was used for genotyping the participants based on the size of the pieces on the gel. Based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model, the frequency of alleles was calculated. Results: The mean age of participants was 48 ± 8 years old in the cancer group and 43 ± 6 years old in the control group. After counting the genotypes, their percentages were calculated as 30.38% for the GG genotype, 37.97% for the GC/CG and 31.65% for the CC in the cancer group and as 32.91% for the GG genotype, 53.16% for the GC/CG and 13.93% for the CC in the control group. Based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model, the frequency of the G allele and C allele was 49.37% and 50.63 in the cancer group, and about 59.49% and 40.51% in the control group. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of the CC homozygotes (P = 0.008). Conclusions: Theresultsobtainedshowedpossibilityof asignificantrelationshipbetween CYP1B1 rs1056836polymorphismandthe riskof developingbreastcancer,andthepolymorphismcan,therefore,besaidtobeinvolvedinthedevelopmentof thiscondition.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46163678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elaheh Nooshinfar, D. Bashash, Mahnaz Abbasalizadeh, A. Safaroghli-Azar, P. Sadreazami, M. Akbari
Context: Studies have shown that cancer is a multi-factorial disease in its pathogenesis, in addition to genetic disorders, the effect of environmental factors can also be pointed. Among all environmental factors, tobacco that is considered as the leading cause of respiratory and cardiovascular disease plays a key role in cancer pathogenesis and progression. More than 5,000 chemicals and 62 carcinogenes have been detected in tobacco, which could contribute to tumorgenesis through activating oncogenes, inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, genetic and epigenetic changes, alteration of growth pathways, angiogenesis and metastasis. Evidence Acquisition: To access the articles, we used valid external and internal databases. In order to set the search formula with maximum collectivity, at the first step, the main keywords were characterized and then equivalent terms were identified using various sources. In order to retrieve the last research papers, searches were conducted constantly from 1970 until 2015. The obtained results were screened in terms of relevance and quality indicators such as proper research design, control groups, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and also the statistical analysis. Accordingly, 150 articles were obtained and finally 64 articles which were eligible and had high relevance to the topic were selected and reviewed. Results: This review explains the association between tobacco smoking and the incidence of different human cancers; also it focuses on molecular mechanisms through which carcinogenic chemicals in tobacco smoke promote cancer progression. Among multiple components of tobacco smoke, three carcinogens, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nictotine and nicotin-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) convincingly play major roles in the pathogenesis of a wide range of cancers. In fact, these toxic and carcinogenic agents alter the expression of oncogenes, tumor suppressors, DNA repair, and last but not least, apoptosis-related genes through several mechanisms, such as point mutations, deletions, translocations and gene recombination. Moreover, implication of different tumorgenic signal transduction pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, STAT3, ERK1/2 and COX-2 in tobacco-induced tumorgenesis should not be underestimated. Conclusions: Although many facts about the carcinogenic character of tobacco are yet unknown, understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer development associated with smoking could be promising for early detection, treatment, and reducing metastasis of tobacco-related cancers.
{"title":"The Molecular Mechanisms of Tobacco in Cancer Pathogenesis","authors":"Elaheh Nooshinfar, D. Bashash, Mahnaz Abbasalizadeh, A. Safaroghli-Azar, P. Sadreazami, M. Akbari","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-7902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-7902","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Studies have shown that cancer is a multi-factorial disease in its pathogenesis, in addition to genetic disorders, the effect of environmental factors can also be pointed. Among all environmental factors, tobacco that is considered as the leading cause of respiratory and cardiovascular disease plays a key role in cancer pathogenesis and progression. More than 5,000 chemicals and 62 carcinogenes have been detected in tobacco, which could contribute to tumorgenesis through activating oncogenes, inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, genetic and epigenetic changes, alteration of growth pathways, angiogenesis and metastasis. Evidence Acquisition: To access the articles, we used valid external and internal databases. In order to set the search formula with maximum collectivity, at the first step, the main keywords were characterized and then equivalent terms were identified using various sources. In order to retrieve the last research papers, searches were conducted constantly from 1970 until 2015. The obtained results were screened in terms of relevance and quality indicators such as proper research design, control groups, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and also the statistical analysis. Accordingly, 150 articles were obtained and finally 64 articles which were eligible and had high relevance to the topic were selected and reviewed. Results: This review explains the association between tobacco smoking and the incidence of different human cancers; also it focuses on molecular mechanisms through which carcinogenic chemicals in tobacco smoke promote cancer progression. Among multiple components of tobacco smoke, three carcinogens, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nictotine and nicotin-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) convincingly play major roles in the pathogenesis of a wide range of cancers. In fact, these toxic and carcinogenic agents alter the expression of oncogenes, tumor suppressors, DNA repair, and last but not least, apoptosis-related genes through several mechanisms, such as point mutations, deletions, translocations and gene recombination. Moreover, implication of different tumorgenic signal transduction pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, STAT3, ERK1/2 and COX-2 in tobacco-induced tumorgenesis should not be underestimated. Conclusions: Although many facts about the carcinogenic character of tobacco are yet unknown, understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer development associated with smoking could be promising for early detection, treatment, and reducing metastasis of tobacco-related cancers.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mohammadi, F. Hosseinzadeh, Foroogh Nejatollahi
Background: EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) is overexpressed in a number of cancers and plays an important role in several phenomena such as aggressiveness of tumor, decreased survival of the patient, and resistance to treatments such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and also radiation. Objectives: The aim of this study is to produce specific human single-chain antibodies against EGFR and evaluate its specificity against the immunodominant epitope in order to offer a new and efficient way in the treatment of EGFR-expressing tumor tissues. Methods: A phage antibody display library of scFv (single chain fragment variable) was panned against an immunodominant epitope of EGFR. In order to select the specific clones, DNA fingerprinting was performed and the common patterns were differentiated. ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) was done to confirm the panning results and show the specificity of the selected clones. Results: Two specific clones with the frequencies of 55% and 30% were differentiated. The clones showed positive ELISA with the corresponding epitope while no positive reaction was observed for negative controls: unrelated peptide, M13KO7 (helper phage), unrelated scFv and no peptide. Conclusions: Immunotherapy against cancer has been a new treatment strategy in the recent years. Small and high affinity scFvs have had a crucial role in this regard. The specific human anti-EGFR scFvs that were selected in this study and reacted with the corresponding epitopehave the potential to be applied as a blocking antibody for interfering with tumor growth in EGFR-expressing tumors. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of these antibodies in vitro and in vivo.
{"title":"Production of Specific Anti-EGFR Single Chain Antibodies: A Promising Strategy in the Immunotherapy of EGFR Expressing Tumor Tissues","authors":"S. Mohammadi, F. Hosseinzadeh, Foroogh Nejatollahi","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-6666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-6666","url":null,"abstract":"Background: EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) is overexpressed in a number of cancers and plays an important role in several phenomena such as aggressiveness of tumor, decreased survival of the patient, and resistance to treatments such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and also radiation. Objectives: The aim of this study is to produce specific human single-chain antibodies against EGFR and evaluate its specificity against the immunodominant epitope in order to offer a new and efficient way in the treatment of EGFR-expressing tumor tissues. Methods: A phage antibody display library of scFv (single chain fragment variable) was panned against an immunodominant epitope of EGFR. In order to select the specific clones, DNA fingerprinting was performed and the common patterns were differentiated. ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) was done to confirm the panning results and show the specificity of the selected clones. Results: Two specific clones with the frequencies of 55% and 30% were differentiated. The clones showed positive ELISA with the corresponding epitope while no positive reaction was observed for negative controls: unrelated peptide, M13KO7 (helper phage), unrelated scFv and no peptide. Conclusions: Immunotherapy against cancer has been a new treatment strategy in the recent years. Small and high affinity scFvs have had a crucial role in this regard. The specific human anti-EGFR scFvs that were selected in this study and reacted with the corresponding epitopehave the potential to be applied as a blocking antibody for interfering with tumor growth in EGFR-expressing tumors. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of these antibodies in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42773755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meysam Olfatifar, M. Karami, A. Moghimbeigi, A. Motlagh, Ghodrat Rooshanaee, Elham Partovipour, Mansoureh Abdolahi
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Iran. The aim of this study was to explore the spatial autocorrelation and the estimation incidence rates variance among Iranian provinces. Methods: In this cross-sectional exploratory study, age-standardized incidence rates from 2004 to 2010 were analyzed in order to detect hot and cold spots map and estimate the rates using ordinary kriging Results: Mapping of clusters showed that hot and cold spots located in the East and North East regions of Iran. Maps of estimated valuesfor2004werebetween0.06-101.15andfor2010between20.85-329.68, whichindicateincreaseinincidencerates, especially in some areas. Conclusions: Therearerelativelylargedifferencesbetweenthegeographicdistributionof thebreastcancerclustersintheEastand North East regions of the country in comparison to other areas. Policy makers are advised to consider such provincial diversity for better understanding of factors affecting the incidence of breast cancer.
{"title":"Spatial Clustering of Breast Cancer: An Epidemiological Analysis of Iranian Women","authors":"Meysam Olfatifar, M. Karami, A. Moghimbeigi, A. Motlagh, Ghodrat Rooshanaee, Elham Partovipour, Mansoureh Abdolahi","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-5402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-5402","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Iran. The aim of this study was to explore the spatial autocorrelation and the estimation incidence rates variance among Iranian provinces. Methods: In this cross-sectional exploratory study, age-standardized incidence rates from 2004 to 2010 were analyzed in order to detect hot and cold spots map and estimate the rates using ordinary kriging Results: Mapping of clusters showed that hot and cold spots located in the East and North East regions of Iran. Maps of estimated valuesfor2004werebetween0.06-101.15andfor2010between20.85-329.68, whichindicateincreaseinincidencerates, especially in some areas. Conclusions: Therearerelativelylargedifferencesbetweenthegeographicdistributionof thebreastcancerclustersintheEastand North East regions of the country in comparison to other areas. Policy makers are advised to consider such provincial diversity for better understanding of factors affecting the incidence of breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41829067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sahar Mohabbat-Bahar, I. Bigdeli, A. Mashhadi, M. Moradi-Joo
Background: Adjustment to cancer as a stressful event is affected by bio-psycho-social factors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate stigma phenomenon, the process of formation, and its impact on cancer patients and their families. Methods: This research was conducted based on the grounded theory study. Semi-structured interview was used with 12 cancer patients (7 women and 5 men), one of the immediate family members (spouse, parent or sibling) and 8 oncology staff members. Participants were selected in a purposeful non-probability sampling method and data analysis was performed in three steps: open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Results: Four conceptual categories with sub-categories were emerged through three-step analysis of the grounded theory study: social stigma, self-stigma, coping strategies and acceptance as a main concept. Results showed gradual process of stigma formation to cancer and its different dimensions. Conclusions: Comprehensive assessment of stigma through various information sources may provide a deep understanding of this phenomenon in social context. The results of this study may lead to development of effective therapeutic protocols for promotion of community awareness, and improvement of mental health levels in patients and their families by eliminating all dimensions of this phenomenon in the context of society.
{"title":"Investigation of Stigma Phenomenon in Cancer: A Grounded Theory Study","authors":"Sahar Mohabbat-Bahar, I. Bigdeli, A. Mashhadi, M. Moradi-Joo","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-6596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-6596","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adjustment to cancer as a stressful event is affected by bio-psycho-social factors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate stigma phenomenon, the process of formation, and its impact on cancer patients and their families. Methods: This research was conducted based on the grounded theory study. Semi-structured interview was used with 12 cancer patients (7 women and 5 men), one of the immediate family members (spouse, parent or sibling) and 8 oncology staff members. Participants were selected in a purposeful non-probability sampling method and data analysis was performed in three steps: open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Results: Four conceptual categories with sub-categories were emerged through three-step analysis of the grounded theory study: social stigma, self-stigma, coping strategies and acceptance as a main concept. Results showed gradual process of stigma formation to cancer and its different dimensions. Conclusions: Comprehensive assessment of stigma through various information sources may provide a deep understanding of this phenomenon in social context. The results of this study may lead to development of effective therapeutic protocols for promotion of community awareness, and improvement of mental health levels in patients and their families by eliminating all dimensions of this phenomenon in the context of society.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47647352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahab Mahmoudvand, K. Zamani, A. Safaei, R. Khashei, M. Motamedifar, Zohreh Azizi, J. Sarvari
Background: Worldwide, colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Infectious agents have long been associated with development of gastrointestinal malignancies including colorectal cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and Helicobacter pylori in colorectal cancer tissue specimens in comparison with healthy tissue specimens. Methods: A total of 210 tissue samples including 70 adenocarcinoma colorectal tissue, 70 adenomatous polyposis colorectal tissues, and 70 normal colorectal tissues were subjected to DNA extraction. The quality of the extracted DNA was confirmed by the amplification of a β-globin fragment using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of sod and glm genes were evaluated as Streptococcus gallolyticus and H. pylori presence markers by PCR method, respectively. Results: Out of 210 subjects, 112 were male and the rest were female. The age of our patients ranged from 22 to 87 with an average of 54 years. None of the samples in two studied groups were positive for the sod and glm genes. Conclusions: According to our results, S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and H. pylori might not be involved in colorectal cancer pathogenesis. More investigation on huge sample in different area might be clarified this results.
{"title":"No Detection of Streptococcus gallolyticus and Helicobacter pylori in Colorectal Cancer Tissue Samples in Shiraz, Iran","authors":"Shahab Mahmoudvand, K. Zamani, A. Safaei, R. Khashei, M. Motamedifar, Zohreh Azizi, J. Sarvari","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-6337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-6337","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Worldwide, colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Infectious agents have long been associated with development of gastrointestinal malignancies including colorectal cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and Helicobacter pylori in colorectal cancer tissue specimens in comparison with healthy tissue specimens. Methods: A total of 210 tissue samples including 70 adenocarcinoma colorectal tissue, 70 adenomatous polyposis colorectal tissues, and 70 normal colorectal tissues were subjected to DNA extraction. The quality of the extracted DNA was confirmed by the amplification of a β-globin fragment using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of sod and glm genes were evaluated as Streptococcus gallolyticus and H. pylori presence markers by PCR method, respectively. Results: Out of 210 subjects, 112 were male and the rest were female. The age of our patients ranged from 22 to 87 with an average of 54 years. None of the samples in two studied groups were positive for the sod and glm genes. Conclusions: According to our results, S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and H. pylori might not be involved in colorectal cancer pathogenesis. More investigation on huge sample in different area might be clarified this results.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47765920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mirzaei, Z. Madjd, Azade Amini Kadijani, S. Alinaghi, A. Akbari, Gholamreza Tavoosidana
Context: To date, CSCs have been identified in a variety of hematopoietic and solid tumors. Applying CSC in clinical implication still depends on future studies to remove complexities including CSC heterogeneity and CSC similarity to normal stem cells. However, several potential clinical applications including therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic implications have been introduced for cancer stem cells (CSC). In this review, we discuss previously considered and unconsidered potential clinical application of CSCs including how CSCs could be applied for pan-specific cancer screening and therapy. Evidence Acquisition: We will first discuss the previously proposed CSC clinical implications using a brief review of the literature. Subsequently, we will discuss some theoretical potential CSC implications which have not been discussed before including pan-specific cancer screening and therapy, and present confirmatory references for each part of our hypothesis. Results: We hypothetically demonstrated the presence of similar markers in the CSC subset of different tumors and introduced it as a way to simultaneously screen several cancers using one CSC marker. Conclusions: Simultaneous screening of several cancers applying one CSC marker could be regarded as a novel high-value cost-conscious cancer screening approach which might evolve cancer screening concept. However, this application remains to be explored in the future instigations.
{"title":"Cancer Stem Cell’s Potential Clinical Implications","authors":"A. Mirzaei, Z. Madjd, Azade Amini Kadijani, S. Alinaghi, A. Akbari, Gholamreza Tavoosidana","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-5897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-5897","url":null,"abstract":"Context: To date, CSCs have been identified in a variety of hematopoietic and solid tumors. Applying CSC in clinical implication still depends on future studies to remove complexities including CSC heterogeneity and CSC similarity to normal stem cells. However, several potential clinical applications including therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic implications have been introduced for cancer stem cells (CSC). In this review, we discuss previously considered and unconsidered potential clinical application of CSCs including how CSCs could be applied for pan-specific cancer screening and therapy. Evidence Acquisition: We will first discuss the previously proposed CSC clinical implications using a brief review of the literature. Subsequently, we will discuss some theoretical potential CSC implications which have not been discussed before including pan-specific cancer screening and therapy, and present confirmatory references for each part of our hypothesis. Results: We hypothetically demonstrated the presence of similar markers in the CSC subset of different tumors and introduced it as a way to simultaneously screen several cancers using one CSC marker. Conclusions: Simultaneous screening of several cancers applying one CSC marker could be regarded as a novel high-value cost-conscious cancer screening approach which might evolve cancer screening concept. However, this application remains to be explored in the future instigations.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41712989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raheleh Moradpoor, Raheleh Moradpoor, Raheleh Moradpoor, S. Aledavood, O. Rajabi, J. Chamani, A. Sazgarnia
Purpose: Chemotherapy-resistance of melanoma has led to poor prognosis and decreased survival in the patients. Therefore, the addition of adjuvant therapies to the conventional chemotherapy regimens has been taken into consideration to improve the clinical treatments efficiency. In this study, the effect of microwave (MW) Hyperthermia has been evaluated on the toxicity of cisplatin on the MM200 cell line in the presence and without gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Methods: Cells incubation was performed with and without cisplatin in the presence and absence of GNPs. To induce hyperthermia, the cells were immediately placed under MW irradiation for 25 and 30 minutes (4143°C) following the addition of the drug and GNPs, then they were incubated for 24 hours. Finally, cell survival was determined by MTT assay. Results: GNPs (up to 6.6 μg/mL) showed no toxicity. GNPs at the concentration of 13.2 and 26.4 μg/mL caused 13% and 20.7% drop in cell survival rate, respectively. IC50 of cisplatin decreased from 4 to 2 μg/mL in the presence of GNPs. Hyperthermia (43°C) plus chemotherapy (2 μg/mL) resulted in no significant enhancement in cisplatin cytotoxicity relative to chemotherapy alone whereas by adding GNPs, an increase in cell mortality up to 15-fold in comparison to cisplatin alone was observed. Conclusions: There is a synergistic effect between cisplatin and GNPs, this could be due to the facilitated entrance of cisplatin in the presence of GNPs. MW exposure improves the efficacy of cisplatin therapy in the presence of GNPs on MM200 cells.
{"title":"Enhancement of Cisplatin Efficacy by Gold Nanoparticles or Microwave Hyperthermia? An In Vitro Study on a Melanoma Cell Line","authors":"Raheleh Moradpoor, Raheleh Moradpoor, Raheleh Moradpoor, S. Aledavood, O. Rajabi, J. Chamani, A. Sazgarnia","doi":"10.17795/IJCP-5925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/IJCP-5925","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Chemotherapy-resistance of melanoma has led to poor prognosis and decreased survival in the patients. Therefore, the addition of adjuvant therapies to the conventional chemotherapy regimens has been taken into consideration to improve the clinical treatments efficiency. In this study, the effect of microwave (MW) Hyperthermia has been evaluated on the toxicity of cisplatin on the MM200 cell line in the presence and without gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Methods: Cells incubation was performed with and without cisplatin in the presence and absence of GNPs. To induce hyperthermia, the cells were immediately placed under MW irradiation for 25 and 30 minutes (4143°C) following the addition of the drug and GNPs, then they were incubated for 24 hours. Finally, cell survival was determined by MTT assay. Results: GNPs (up to 6.6 μg/mL) showed no toxicity. GNPs at the concentration of 13.2 and 26.4 μg/mL caused 13% and 20.7% drop in cell survival rate, respectively. IC50 of cisplatin decreased from 4 to 2 μg/mL in the presence of GNPs. Hyperthermia (43°C) plus chemotherapy (2 μg/mL) resulted in no significant enhancement in cisplatin cytotoxicity relative to chemotherapy alone whereas by adding GNPs, an increase in cell mortality up to 15-fold in comparison to cisplatin alone was observed. Conclusions: There is a synergistic effect between cisplatin and GNPs, this could be due to the facilitated entrance of cisplatin in the presence of GNPs. MW exposure improves the efficacy of cisplatin therapy in the presence of GNPs on MM200 cells.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41410120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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