Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1177/16878132241255406
Wenxiang Xu, Shaocong Tong, Shimin Xu, Baigang Du, Dezheng Liu, Tao Qin
To realize the optimal deployment of online monitoring equipment at the edges of substations under the cloud-edge collaboration framework, an optimal deployment model of edges considering spatial constraints is proposed. In the model, the constraints including edge deployment point, line of sight, as well as device pose, etc. are taken into account. To achieve the one-to-many collection of the deployed equipment, a mathematical model is constructed with the objectives of minimizing the shooting distance and the number of edge equipments. And an archive based multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm based on improved trending Markov chain (IAMOSA) is proposed to solve the problem. This algorithm utilizes greedy clustering to initialize deployment points, and the improved disturbance step length with tendency is used to search the neighborhood space. Besides, polynomial fitting Pareto front is also used to select and guide the Markov chain and archive population. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm are verified through an experiment of optimal deployment of the edge equipments in a certain substation.
{"title":"Optimal deployment of the online monitoring equipment at the edges of substations considering spatial constraint","authors":"Wenxiang Xu, Shaocong Tong, Shimin Xu, Baigang Du, Dezheng Liu, Tao Qin","doi":"10.1177/16878132241255406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241255406","url":null,"abstract":"To realize the optimal deployment of online monitoring equipment at the edges of substations under the cloud-edge collaboration framework, an optimal deployment model of edges considering spatial constraints is proposed. In the model, the constraints including edge deployment point, line of sight, as well as device pose, etc. are taken into account. To achieve the one-to-many collection of the deployed equipment, a mathematical model is constructed with the objectives of minimizing the shooting distance and the number of edge equipments. And an archive based multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm based on improved trending Markov chain (IAMOSA) is proposed to solve the problem. This algorithm utilizes greedy clustering to initialize deployment points, and the improved disturbance step length with tendency is used to search the neighborhood space. Besides, polynomial fitting Pareto front is also used to select and guide the Markov chain and archive population. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm are verified through an experiment of optimal deployment of the edge equipments in a certain substation.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141193144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-29DOI: 10.1177/16878132241257430
Jianyao Wang, Hongdong Wang
A spacecraft composed of a central body and flexible appendages is a typical rigid-flexible coupling system. Current modeling methods generally regard the central body as rigid. As the central body becomes larger and more flexible, the elastic deformation of the central body may not be ignored. In this study, considering the flexibility effect of the central body and based on the recursive kinematics, a complete coupled dynamic model of the orbit, attitude, and elastic deformation of a fully flexible spacecraft is established. Compared with traditional methods, the model has smaller generalized coordinate dimension and can more clearly reveal the kinematic relationship between the appendages and the central body. By comparing the simulation results of typical working conditions with the ADAMS software, the correctness of the built model is verified. The PD controller for the attitude of the spacecraft is used, and three models of different rigid/flexible settings are compared in detail. The dynamic response of the system in uncontrolled and controlled states are discussed. Numerical simulation results show that the flexibility of the central body poses a certain influence on the attitude response of the spacecraft, the flexible vibration of the appendages, and the attitude control accuracy.
{"title":"Recursive dynamic modeling for attitude control of fully flexible spacecraft with central body and appendages","authors":"Jianyao Wang, Hongdong Wang","doi":"10.1177/16878132241257430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241257430","url":null,"abstract":"A spacecraft composed of a central body and flexible appendages is a typical rigid-flexible coupling system. Current modeling methods generally regard the central body as rigid. As the central body becomes larger and more flexible, the elastic deformation of the central body may not be ignored. In this study, considering the flexibility effect of the central body and based on the recursive kinematics, a complete coupled dynamic model of the orbit, attitude, and elastic deformation of a fully flexible spacecraft is established. Compared with traditional methods, the model has smaller generalized coordinate dimension and can more clearly reveal the kinematic relationship between the appendages and the central body. By comparing the simulation results of typical working conditions with the ADAMS software, the correctness of the built model is verified. The PD controller for the attitude of the spacecraft is used, and three models of different rigid/flexible settings are compared in detail. The dynamic response of the system in uncontrolled and controlled states are discussed. Numerical simulation results show that the flexibility of the central body poses a certain influence on the attitude response of the spacecraft, the flexible vibration of the appendages, and the attitude control accuracy.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141193411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1177/16878132241245351
Zuwen Tao, Yingfeng Meng, Xiao Huang, Kang Yang, Guilin Xiao, Ming Xu, Seng Liu, Pan Fang
The severe vibration of BHA directly affect the drilling efficiency, borehole trajectory, and wellbore quality. Therefore, it is crucial for developing dynamic mechanics of drill string system by studying the mechanical behavior of BHA. In this paper, considering the continuity condition of double-span drill collar, the expression of lateral vibration of drill collars is firstly obtained by using the assumption mode method. Then, the lateral vibration equation of double-span drill collar is derived by Lagrange equation. Finally, a self-programming model is established based on dynamic mechanics of drill string system, the lateral vibration characteristics of double-span drill collar in four different types of BHA is further determined by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm. It is obviously found that the lateral vibration is enhanced with increasing the length of drill collar; the rotation speed of BHA, weight on bit (WOB), and the size of stabilizer have a significant influence on the lateral vibration of drill collar. In the practical application, the lengths of the first-span and the second-span drill collar are given as 10 and 19 m, respectively; and the stabilizer diameter approached to bit diameter is recommend in practical gas drilling engineering; under WOB of 10–40 kN, the rotation speed of the drilling string should be controlled nearby 60 r/min. The theoretical investigation is a guidance for structure design of BHA and optimization of drilling parameter.
{"title":"Study on lateral vibration characteristics of BHA with double-span drill collar","authors":"Zuwen Tao, Yingfeng Meng, Xiao Huang, Kang Yang, Guilin Xiao, Ming Xu, Seng Liu, Pan Fang","doi":"10.1177/16878132241245351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241245351","url":null,"abstract":"The severe vibration of BHA directly affect the drilling efficiency, borehole trajectory, and wellbore quality. Therefore, it is crucial for developing dynamic mechanics of drill string system by studying the mechanical behavior of BHA. In this paper, considering the continuity condition of double-span drill collar, the expression of lateral vibration of drill collars is firstly obtained by using the assumption mode method. Then, the lateral vibration equation of double-span drill collar is derived by Lagrange equation. Finally, a self-programming model is established based on dynamic mechanics of drill string system, the lateral vibration characteristics of double-span drill collar in four different types of BHA is further determined by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm. It is obviously found that the lateral vibration is enhanced with increasing the length of drill collar; the rotation speed of BHA, weight on bit (WOB), and the size of stabilizer have a significant influence on the lateral vibration of drill collar. In the practical application, the lengths of the first-span and the second-span drill collar are given as 10 and 19 m, respectively; and the stabilizer diameter approached to bit diameter is recommend in practical gas drilling engineering; under WOB of 10–40 kN, the rotation speed of the drilling string should be controlled nearby 60 r/min. The theoretical investigation is a guidance for structure design of BHA and optimization of drilling parameter.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cement-sand reinforced soft clay (C-SRSC) is a complex multiphase geomaterial. Its strength is determined by the physical properties of the internal multiphase substances and the coupling mechanical response between various phases of substances. By considering the effect of the particle size and content of sand particles on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and failure mechanism of C-SRSC, the C-SRSC is divided into two phases of the cement soil matrix and sand particles to construct a micro cell model of C-SRSC. Based on the strain gradient theory, the theoretical model of the UCS of C-SRSC based on the physical mechanism at the microscale is derived. Forty five groups of UCS tests were conducted to analyze the effect of sand particle size and content on the UCS of C-SRSC, and to calculate the theoretical model parameters. The results show that the UCS of C-SRSC increases with increasing curing age, cement content, and sand particle content, and decreases with the increasing sand particle size. The theoretical model of the UCS of C-SRSC based on physical mechanism initially verified the consistency of the experimental and theoretical results.
{"title":"A micro-theoretical model for predicting the unconfined compressive strength of cement-sand reinforced soft clay","authors":"Yizhao Wang, Wenfeng Bai, Zhili Li, Xing Min, Lu Zhang, Deluan Feng","doi":"10.1177/16878132241253399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241253399","url":null,"abstract":"Cement-sand reinforced soft clay (C-SRSC) is a complex multiphase geomaterial. Its strength is determined by the physical properties of the internal multiphase substances and the coupling mechanical response between various phases of substances. By considering the effect of the particle size and content of sand particles on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and failure mechanism of C-SRSC, the C-SRSC is divided into two phases of the cement soil matrix and sand particles to construct a micro cell model of C-SRSC. Based on the strain gradient theory, the theoretical model of the UCS of C-SRSC based on the physical mechanism at the microscale is derived. Forty five groups of UCS tests were conducted to analyze the effect of sand particle size and content on the UCS of C-SRSC, and to calculate the theoretical model parameters. The results show that the UCS of C-SRSC increases with increasing curing age, cement content, and sand particle content, and decreases with the increasing sand particle size. The theoretical model of the UCS of C-SRSC based on physical mechanism initially verified the consistency of the experimental and theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1177/16878132241245937
Qin Wu, Dianli Luo, Xinglian Wang
Taking the ball screw feed system as the research object, the two degree of freedom axial dynamic model of the system is constructed firstly. Based on Hertz contact theory, when the ball screw pair adopts variable lead self-preloading to eliminate the assembly clearance between the ball and raceway, considering the nonlinear segmented axial elastic recovery force generated by the uneven contact deformation between the ball and raceway under the action of external excitation force, further derive the nonlinear dynamic equation group of the system. Next, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method was used to numerically solve the equation system, obtaining the system’s two and three-dimensional phase diagrams, Poincaré sections, time-domain waveform diagrams, frequency spectra, and bifurcation diagrams. Then, the effects of damping constant, initial contact angle between ball and raceway in ball screw pairs, and number of balls on the system’s response characteristics were analyzed, and the influence of external excitation forces on system stability was further studied. Finally, it was verified through experiments that the axial vibration of the system is indeed nonlinear vibration, providing a theoretical basis for the study of the dynamic characteristics of the ball screw feed system.
{"title":"Research on axial nonlinear vibration characteristics of ball screw feed system considering segmented restoring force","authors":"Qin Wu, Dianli Luo, Xinglian Wang","doi":"10.1177/16878132241245937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241245937","url":null,"abstract":"Taking the ball screw feed system as the research object, the two degree of freedom axial dynamic model of the system is constructed firstly. Based on Hertz contact theory, when the ball screw pair adopts variable lead self-preloading to eliminate the assembly clearance between the ball and raceway, considering the nonlinear segmented axial elastic recovery force generated by the uneven contact deformation between the ball and raceway under the action of external excitation force, further derive the nonlinear dynamic equation group of the system. Next, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method was used to numerically solve the equation system, obtaining the system’s two and three-dimensional phase diagrams, Poincaré sections, time-domain waveform diagrams, frequency spectra, and bifurcation diagrams. Then, the effects of damping constant, initial contact angle between ball and raceway in ball screw pairs, and number of balls on the system’s response characteristics were analyzed, and the influence of external excitation forces on system stability was further studied. Finally, it was verified through experiments that the axial vibration of the system is indeed nonlinear vibration, providing a theoretical basis for the study of the dynamic characteristics of the ball screw feed system.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gesture control is often used for the control of robotic manipulators. However conventional methods always focus on position control of robotic manipulators and use a fixed position to place gesture detection devices, which limits the flexibility to control and interact. This paper presents an interactive gesture control system based on Leap Motion Controller that can overcome these shortcomings. A coordinate transformation is performed between the position of the left palm detected by Leap Motion Controller and the tool center point (TCP) of the collaborative manipulator to obtain gesture data first. This gesture data is used to control the posture of a six-joint collaborative manipulator-Lite6. The position of gripper is controlled by grip level of the right palm. A controller is designed to manipulate a lift table on which Leap Motion Controller is placed to achieve adaptive ascending and descending movements to meet the needs of operators of different heights and arm spans. A modified Kalman filter is used to filter noise and smooth the signal captured by Leap Motion Controller. The experiments demonstrate that the system can operate stably and accurately control the position, posture, and gripper position of a collaborative manipulator in real time using human palms’ gestures.
{"title":"An interactive gesture control system for collaborative manipulator based on Leap Motion Controller","authors":"Yunhan Li, Jingjing Lou, Zhiduan Cai, Pengfei Zheng, Haijun Wu, Xiaosun Wang","doi":"10.1177/16878132241253101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241253101","url":null,"abstract":"Gesture control is often used for the control of robotic manipulators. However conventional methods always focus on position control of robotic manipulators and use a fixed position to place gesture detection devices, which limits the flexibility to control and interact. This paper presents an interactive gesture control system based on Leap Motion Controller that can overcome these shortcomings. A coordinate transformation is performed between the position of the left palm detected by Leap Motion Controller and the tool center point (TCP) of the collaborative manipulator to obtain gesture data first. This gesture data is used to control the posture of a six-joint collaborative manipulator-Lite6. The position of gripper is controlled by grip level of the right palm. A controller is designed to manipulate a lift table on which Leap Motion Controller is placed to achieve adaptive ascending and descending movements to meet the needs of operators of different heights and arm spans. A modified Kalman filter is used to filter noise and smooth the signal captured by Leap Motion Controller. The experiments demonstrate that the system can operate stably and accurately control the position, posture, and gripper position of a collaborative manipulator in real time using human palms’ gestures.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dynamic coefficients (dynamic stiffness coefficient and dynamic damping coefficient) of gas foil bearings (GFBs) are important for transient dynamics calculation and stability analysis of the GFBs-rotor system. Although the perturbation method can be used to calculate the dynamic coefficients, it can only consider a single whirl ratio. Moreover, the whirl ratio is assumed and not practical. Therefore, this paper proposes an identification method of dynamic coefficients of GFBs by simulated excitation. Firstly, based on single journal-single GFB model considering gas-structure interaction by coupled fields, harmonic excitations were applied to the rotor to obtain the shaft orbit. Next, frequency response function method and equivalence coefficient method were used to identify dynamic coefficients. The former method is suitable for the case where response and excitation are same frequency, namely linear problem. The latter method is fit for the situation in which the response has multiple frequency components, namely nonlinear problem. Finally, examples were carried out, and the results from different methods were compared and analyzed. This research work lays a theoretical foundation for the design of the GFBs-rotor system.
{"title":"Identification of dynamic coefficients of gas foil bearings by simulated excitation based on coupled fields","authors":"Wenjie Cheng, Yuming Zhu, Hanzhang Ke, Ling Xiao, Ming Li, Sheng Feng, Guohui Xu","doi":"10.1177/16878132241253402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241253402","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic coefficients (dynamic stiffness coefficient and dynamic damping coefficient) of gas foil bearings (GFBs) are important for transient dynamics calculation and stability analysis of the GFBs-rotor system. Although the perturbation method can be used to calculate the dynamic coefficients, it can only consider a single whirl ratio. Moreover, the whirl ratio is assumed and not practical. Therefore, this paper proposes an identification method of dynamic coefficients of GFBs by simulated excitation. Firstly, based on single journal-single GFB model considering gas-structure interaction by coupled fields, harmonic excitations were applied to the rotor to obtain the shaft orbit. Next, frequency response function method and equivalence coefficient method were used to identify dynamic coefficients. The former method is suitable for the case where response and excitation are same frequency, namely linear problem. The latter method is fit for the situation in which the response has multiple frequency components, namely nonlinear problem. Finally, examples were carried out, and the results from different methods were compared and analyzed. This research work lays a theoretical foundation for the design of the GFBs-rotor system.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses a novel sliding mode control based on state observer for active magnetic bearing rotor system. Firstly, the state-space model of a radial AMB rotor system is established with considering unbalance disturbance and gyro effect for a vertical flywheel energy storage system. Then a sliding mode function and switching surface are constructed based on an observer. Meanwhile, a separation and decoupling strategy based on Finsler’s lemma is proposed. Through this method, the constraint relationship between the controller gain, active magnetic bearing matrices and the Lyapunov variables is eliminated. After that a method for chattering reduction in the sliding-mode controller is raised. Relied on these techniques, new sufficient conditions for the stability of AMB rotor system are given in the framework of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed sliding mode controller is validated on the experimental platform of the flywheel energy storage system.
本文针对主动磁悬浮转子系统提出了一种基于状态观测器的新型滑模控制方法。首先，考虑到垂直飞轮储能系统的不平衡扰动和陀螺效应，建立了径向 AMB 转子系统的状态空间模型。然后，基于观测器构建滑模函数和开关面。同时，提出了基于 Finsler Lemma 的分离和解耦策略。通过这种方法，消除了控制器增益、主动磁轴承矩阵和 Lyapunov 变量之间的约束关系。之后，又提出了一种减少滑模控制器颤振的方法。根据这些技术，在线性矩阵不等式框架内给出了 AMB 转子系统稳定性的新充分条件。最后，在飞轮储能系统的实验平台上验证了所提出的滑模控制器的有效性。
{"title":"Sliding model control of active magnetic bearing rotor system based on state observer","authors":"Lingchun Li, Huimin Ouyang, Meiying Ou, Laixin Gao","doi":"10.1177/16878132241253666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241253666","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses a novel sliding mode control based on state observer for active magnetic bearing rotor system. Firstly, the state-space model of a radial AMB rotor system is established with considering unbalance disturbance and gyro effect for a vertical flywheel energy storage system. Then a sliding mode function and switching surface are constructed based on an observer. Meanwhile, a separation and decoupling strategy based on Finsler’s lemma is proposed. Through this method, the constraint relationship between the controller gain, active magnetic bearing matrices and the Lyapunov variables is eliminated. After that a method for chattering reduction in the sliding-mode controller is raised. Relied on these techniques, new sufficient conditions for the stability of AMB rotor system are given in the framework of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed sliding mode controller is validated on the experimental platform of the flywheel energy storage system.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1177/16878132241246670
Baoshan Shen
As for lightweight design of components, the multi-body dynamics analysis was conducted on the hydraulic power steering system with double front axles, and the load spectrum of the Steering Power Cylinder Bracket (SPCB) under typical working conditions was worked out. Then, the nonlinear strength calculation and topology optimization analysis of the bracket were carried out. According to the optimization results, the eight schemes were designed and the optimal one was selected according to the results of static strength calculation. Then the optimal scheme was subject to the analysis on fatigue strength. Finally, it was verified that the optimized structure was effective by means of the vehicle durability test. The results show that the weight of the SPCB is reduced by about 2.53 kg (the lightweight ratio of 43.2%) when such performance as stiffness and strength are greatly improved compared with that of original scheme. The lightweight effect is obvious and the optimization process can guide the lightweight design of similar parts.
{"title":"Lightweight design of a steering power cylinder bracket","authors":"Baoshan Shen","doi":"10.1177/16878132241246670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241246670","url":null,"abstract":"As for lightweight design of components, the multi-body dynamics analysis was conducted on the hydraulic power steering system with double front axles, and the load spectrum of the Steering Power Cylinder Bracket (SPCB) under typical working conditions was worked out. Then, the nonlinear strength calculation and topology optimization analysis of the bracket were carried out. According to the optimization results, the eight schemes were designed and the optimal one was selected according to the results of static strength calculation. Then the optimal scheme was subject to the analysis on fatigue strength. Finally, it was verified that the optimized structure was effective by means of the vehicle durability test. The results show that the weight of the SPCB is reduced by about 2.53 kg (the lightweight ratio of 43.2%) when such performance as stiffness and strength are greatly improved compared with that of original scheme. The lightweight effect is obvious and the optimization process can guide the lightweight design of similar parts.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1177/16878132241244916
Abdul Samad Khan, Muhammad Ishaq, Fuad A Awwad, Emad AA Ismail, Taza Gul
In a recent study, researchers investigated the flow behavior of Casson Hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) combination of single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), (MWCNTs) on a Riga plate for drug delivery applications. The study found that the Casson HNFs exhibited non-Newtonian behavior on the Riga plate, with the presence of nanoparticles causing an increase in viscosity and shear-thinning behavior. This rheological behavior is favorable for drug delivery applications as it improves the stability and dispersion of drug particles in the fluid. The similarity equations of the flow problem are easily tackled with the homotopy analysis method (HAM) built on fundamental homotopy mapping. In high-speed flows, Riga actuators are expected to achieve the requirements, since HNF is enhanced by modified Hartmann numbers. As the Eckert number, heat generation/absorption parameter, and thermal relaxation time parameter decrease the temperature, thermal transport increases. Furthermore, with the increments in paramount parameters, the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are remarkably meliorated under higher modified Hartmann number. Furthermore, the study also found that the Casson Hybrid nanofluids showed enhanced heat transfer properties on the Riga plate, which is beneficial for localized drug delivery applications that require precise temperature control.
{"title":"Flow of magnetohydrodynamic blood-based hybrid nanofluids with double diffusion in the presence of Riga plate for heat optimization and drug applications","authors":"Abdul Samad Khan, Muhammad Ishaq, Fuad A Awwad, Emad AA Ismail, Taza Gul","doi":"10.1177/16878132241244916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241244916","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent study, researchers investigated the flow behavior of Casson Hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) combination of single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), (MWCNTs) on a Riga plate for drug delivery applications. The study found that the Casson HNFs exhibited non-Newtonian behavior on the Riga plate, with the presence of nanoparticles causing an increase in viscosity and shear-thinning behavior. This rheological behavior is favorable for drug delivery applications as it improves the stability and dispersion of drug particles in the fluid. The similarity equations of the flow problem are easily tackled with the homotopy analysis method (HAM) built on fundamental homotopy mapping. In high-speed flows, Riga actuators are expected to achieve the requirements, since HNF is enhanced by modified Hartmann numbers. As the Eckert number, heat generation/absorption parameter, and thermal relaxation time parameter decrease the temperature, thermal transport increases. Furthermore, with the increments in paramount parameters, the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are remarkably meliorated under higher modified Hartmann number. Furthermore, the study also found that the Casson Hybrid nanofluids showed enhanced heat transfer properties on the Riga plate, which is beneficial for localized drug delivery applications that require precise temperature control.","PeriodicalId":7357,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140925454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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