ABSTRACT Topological photonics is an emerging field that attracts enormous interest for its novel ways to engineer the flow of light. With the help of topological protection, the surface modes of topological photonic systems have intriguing properties, such as the unidirectional propagation, robust transmission against defects and disorders, which meet the rapidly growing demands for information processing. Valley photonic crystals, as one kind of topological photonic systems, not only support protected surface modes, but also are friendly to micro-nano fabrication. These advantages show that it has broad prospects in constructing high-performance photonic devices or even photonic integrated circuits. Here, we review the properties and development of valley photonic crystals. Firstly, the theory and structure are briefly introduced and then the discussion of robust transmission will be followed. Furthermore, prototypes of on-chip devices based on valley photonic crystals are reviewed. As a perspective in photonics, valley photonic crystal is expected to become a good platform to study nanophotonics and realize advancing integrated photonics devices. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Valley photonic crystals","authors":"Jian-Wei Liu, Fulong Shi, Xin-Tao He, Guo-Jing Tang, Wen-Jie Chen, Xiaodong Chen, Jianwen Dong","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1905546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1905546","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Topological photonics is an emerging field that attracts enormous interest for its novel ways to engineer the flow of light. With the help of topological protection, the surface modes of topological photonic systems have intriguing properties, such as the unidirectional propagation, robust transmission against defects and disorders, which meet the rapidly growing demands for information processing. Valley photonic crystals, as one kind of topological photonic systems, not only support protected surface modes, but also are friendly to micro-nano fabrication. These advantages show that it has broad prospects in constructing high-performance photonic devices or even photonic integrated circuits. Here, we review the properties and development of valley photonic crystals. Firstly, the theory and structure are briefly introduced and then the discussion of robust transmission will be followed. Furthermore, prototypes of on-chip devices based on valley photonic crystals are reviewed. As a perspective in photonics, valley photonic crystal is expected to become a good platform to study nanophotonics and realize advancing integrated photonics devices. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1905546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45466844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795
T. Nagy, P. Simon, L. Veisz
ABSTRACT Contemporary ultrafast science requires reliable sources of high-energy few-cycle light pulses. Currently two methods are capable of generating such pulses: post compression of short laser pulses and optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA). Here we give a comprehensive overview on the post-compression technology based on optical Kerr-effect or ionization, with particular emphasis on energy and power scaling. Relevant types of post compression techniques are discussed including free propagation in bulk materials, multiple-plate continuum generation, multi-pass cells, filaments, photonic-crystal fibers, hollow-core fibers and self-compression techniques. We provide a short theoretical overview of the physics as well as an in-depth description of existing experimental realizations of post compression, especially those that can provide few-cycle pulse duration with mJ-scale pulse energy. The achieved experimental performances of these methods are compared in terms of important figures of merit such as pulse energy, pulse duration, peak power and average power. We give some perspectives at the end to emphasize the expected future trends of this technology. Graphical abstract
{"title":"High-energy few-cycle pulses: post-compression techniques","authors":"T. Nagy, P. Simon, L. Veisz","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contemporary ultrafast science requires reliable sources of high-energy few-cycle light pulses. Currently two methods are capable of generating such pulses: post compression of short laser pulses and optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA). Here we give a comprehensive overview on the post-compression technology based on optical Kerr-effect or ionization, with particular emphasis on energy and power scaling. Relevant types of post compression techniques are discussed including free propagation in bulk materials, multiple-plate continuum generation, multi-pass cells, filaments, photonic-crystal fibers, hollow-core fibers and self-compression techniques. We provide a short theoretical overview of the physics as well as an in-depth description of existing experimental realizations of post compression, especially those that can provide few-cycle pulse duration with mJ-scale pulse energy. The achieved experimental performances of these methods are compared in terms of important figures of merit such as pulse energy, pulse duration, peak power and average power. We give some perspectives at the end to emphasize the expected future trends of this technology. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42064481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559
Si-Yuan Bai, Chong Chen, Hong Wu, J. An
ABSTRACT Quantum technology resorts to efficient utilization of quantum resources to realize technique innovation. The systems are controlled such that their states follow the desired manners to realize different quantum protocols. However, the decoherence caused by the system-environment interactions causes the states deviating from the desired manners. How to protect quantum resources under the coexistence of active control and passive decoherence is of significance. Recent studies have revealed that the decoherence is determined by the feature of the system-environment energy spectrum: Accompanying the formation of bound states in the energy spectrum, the decoherence can be suppressed. It supplies a guideline to control decoherence. Such idea can be generalized to systems under periodic driving. By virtue of manipulating Floquet bound states in the quasienergy spectrum, coherent control via periodic driving dubbed as Floquet engineering has become a versatile tool not only in controlling decoherence, but also in artificially synthesizing exotic topological phases. We will review the progress on quantum control in open and periodically driven systems. Special attention will be paid to the distinguished role played by the bound states and their controllability via periodic driving in suppressing decoherence and generating novel topological phases.
{"title":"Quantum control in open and periodically driven systems","authors":"Si-Yuan Bai, Chong Chen, Hong Wu, J. An","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Quantum technology resorts to efficient utilization of quantum resources to realize technique innovation. The systems are controlled such that their states follow the desired manners to realize different quantum protocols. However, the decoherence caused by the system-environment interactions causes the states deviating from the desired manners. How to protect quantum resources under the coexistence of active control and passive decoherence is of significance. Recent studies have revealed that the decoherence is determined by the feature of the system-environment energy spectrum: Accompanying the formation of bound states in the energy spectrum, the decoherence can be suppressed. It supplies a guideline to control decoherence. Such idea can be generalized to systems under periodic driving. By virtue of manipulating Floquet bound states in the quasienergy spectrum, coherent control via periodic driving dubbed as Floquet engineering has become a versatile tool not only in controlling decoherence, but also in artificially synthesizing exotic topological phases. We will review the progress on quantum control in open and periodically driven systems. Special attention will be paid to the distinguished role played by the bound states and their controllability via periodic driving in suppressing decoherence and generating novel topological phases.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46354728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1918022
Woojae Kim, A. Musser
ABSTRACT A multitude of ultrafast photoinduced reactions in organic semiconductors are governed by the close interplay between nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom. From biological light-harvesting and photoprotection to organic solar cells, the critical electronic dynamics are often precisely synchronized with and driven by nuclear motions, in a breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Ultrafast time-domain Raman methods exploit impulsive excitation to generate nuclear wavepackets and track their coherent evolution through these reaction pathways in real time. This tool of vibrational coherence has recently been applied to study singlet fission, a carrier multiplication process with the potential to boost solar cell efficiencies which has been under intense mechanistic investigation for the past decade. In this review, we present the essential features of the spectroscopic techniques and discuss how they have been used to elaborate a new perspective on the singlet fission mechanism. It is now established that ultrafast triplet-pair formation is driven by vibronic coupling, whether fission is exothermic or endothermic, and thus that full understanding of singlet fission requires explicit consideration of nuclear dynamics. Despite broad qualitative agreement between different vibrational coherence methods, differences in the detailed observations and interpretation raise important questions and pose new challenges for future research. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Tracking ultrafast reactions in organic materials through vibrational coherence: vibronic coupling mechanisms in singlet fission","authors":"Woojae Kim, A. Musser","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1918022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1918022","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A multitude of ultrafast photoinduced reactions in organic semiconductors are governed by the close interplay between nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom. From biological light-harvesting and photoprotection to organic solar cells, the critical electronic dynamics are often precisely synchronized with and driven by nuclear motions, in a breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Ultrafast time-domain Raman methods exploit impulsive excitation to generate nuclear wavepackets and track their coherent evolution through these reaction pathways in real time. This tool of vibrational coherence has recently been applied to study singlet fission, a carrier multiplication process with the potential to boost solar cell efficiencies which has been under intense mechanistic investigation for the past decade. In this review, we present the essential features of the spectroscopic techniques and discuss how they have been used to elaborate a new perspective on the singlet fission mechanism. It is now established that ultrafast triplet-pair formation is driven by vibronic coupling, whether fission is exothermic or endothermic, and thus that full understanding of singlet fission requires explicit consideration of nuclear dynamics. Despite broad qualitative agreement between different vibrational coherence methods, differences in the detailed observations and interpretation raise important questions and pose new challenges for future research. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1918022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43935907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1867637
Yasunori Tanaka
ABSTRACT This paper explains recent developments in the field of inductively coupled thermal plasmas (ICTP or ITP) used for materials processing. Inductive coupling technique is important to produce thermal plasma with high gas temperature at high pressures. Conventional cylindrical ICTP was developed originally in the 1960s by T. Reed. It remains widely used for different materials processing today, with almost identical configuration to the original version. Through some revision and improved functionalization, ICTPs of several kinds such as DC–RF hybrid ICTP have also been developed. They are also widely adopted for processing of various materials because of their various benefits. Inductively coupled plasma at low pressures are not treated herein: only thermal plasma with high enthalpy. One is modulated induction thermal plasma (MITP), which has a function of controlling the temperature and chemical active fields in the time domain. Another development in ICTP includes changes in the ICTP configuration such as a planar-ICTP and loop-ICTP. These were developed for large-area materials processing. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Recent development of new inductively coupled thermal plasmas for materials processing","authors":"Yasunori Tanaka","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1867637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1867637","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper explains recent developments in the field of inductively coupled thermal plasmas (ICTP or ITP) used for materials processing. Inductive coupling technique is important to produce thermal plasma with high gas temperature at high pressures. Conventional cylindrical ICTP was developed originally in the 1960s by T. Reed. It remains widely used for different materials processing today, with almost identical configuration to the original version. Through some revision and improved functionalization, ICTPs of several kinds such as DC–RF hybrid ICTP have also been developed. They are also widely adopted for processing of various materials because of their various benefits. Inductively coupled plasma at low pressures are not treated herein: only thermal plasma with high enthalpy. One is modulated induction thermal plasma (MITP), which has a function of controlling the temperature and chemical active fields in the time domain. Another development in ICTP includes changes in the ICTP configuration such as a planar-ICTP and loop-ICTP. These were developed for large-area materials processing. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1867637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43334899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1912638
G. Tirimbò, B. Baumeier
ABSTRACT Excitons, or coupled electron-hole excitations, are important both for fundamental optical properties of materials as well as and for the functionality of materials in opto-electronic devices. Depending on the material they are created in, excitons can come in many forms, from Wannier–Mott excitons in inorganic semiconductors, to molecular Frenkel or bi-molecular charge-transfer excitons in disordered organic or biological heterostructures. This multitude of materials and exciton types poses tremendous challenges for ab initio modeling. Following a brief overview of typical ab initio techniques, we summarize our recent work based on Many-Body Green’s Functions Theory in the GW approximation and Bethe–Salpeter Equation (BSE) as a method applicable to a wide range of material classes from perfect crystals to disordered materials. In particular, we emphasize the current challenges of embedding this GW-BSE method into multi-method, mixed quantum-classical (QM/MM) models for organic materials and illustrate them with examples from organic photovoltaics and fluorescence spectroscopy. Our perspectives on future studies are also presented. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Ab initio modeling of excitons: from perfect crystals to biomaterials","authors":"G. Tirimbò, B. Baumeier","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1912638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1912638","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Excitons, or coupled electron-hole excitations, are important both for fundamental optical properties of materials as well as and for the functionality of materials in opto-electronic devices. Depending on the material they are created in, excitons can come in many forms, from Wannier–Mott excitons in inorganic semiconductors, to molecular Frenkel or bi-molecular charge-transfer excitons in disordered organic or biological heterostructures. This multitude of materials and exciton types poses tremendous challenges for ab initio modeling. Following a brief overview of typical ab initio techniques, we summarize our recent work based on Many-Body Green’s Functions Theory in the GW approximation and Bethe–Salpeter Equation (BSE) as a method applicable to a wide range of material classes from perfect crystals to disordered materials. In particular, we emphasize the current challenges of embedding this GW-BSE method into multi-method, mixed quantum-classical (QM/MM) models for organic materials and illustrate them with examples from organic photovoltaics and fluorescence spectroscopy. Our perspectives on future studies are also presented. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1912638","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46608847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1878931
Jinghui Wang, Yueshen Wu, Xiang Zhou, Yifei Li, Bolun Teng, P. Dong, Jiadian He, Yiwen Zhang, Yifan Ding, Jun Li
ABSTRACT Despite more than ten years of extensive research, the superconducting mechanism of iron-based superconductors (FeSCs) is still an open question. Generally, the high-temperature superconductivity is often observed with suppression of magnetic ordering, spin-density-wave, or even the structure transition by carrier doping. Furthermore, an electronic state ordering is also observed at temperatures close to or even above these transitions. Due to its proximity to the superconducting state and disappearance near the optimal superconductivity, it has been also suggested to interplay with superconductivity on a phenomenological level. Nevertheless, there is still no direct evidence to bridge the superconductivity to these transitions. Recently, another nematic order was observed in the superconducting state of heavily hole-doped compound AFe As (A = K, Rb, Cs), providing a possibility to explore the superconductivity gap symmetry nature. Here, by reviewing the recent experimental progresses on the nematic superconductivity in the FeSCs, we will introduce the progresses by various methods including the quasi-particle interference from scanning tunneling microscope, anisotropic gap magnitudes from angular resolved photoemission, the upper critical field and the superconducting transition temperatures from transport measurements. In addition, some recent reports and theoretical explanations for experimental results are followed. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Progress of nematic superconductivity in iron-based superconductors","authors":"Jinghui Wang, Yueshen Wu, Xiang Zhou, Yifei Li, Bolun Teng, P. Dong, Jiadian He, Yiwen Zhang, Yifan Ding, Jun Li","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1878931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1878931","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite more than ten years of extensive research, the superconducting mechanism of iron-based superconductors (FeSCs) is still an open question. Generally, the high-temperature superconductivity is often observed with suppression of magnetic ordering, spin-density-wave, or even the structure transition by carrier doping. Furthermore, an electronic state ordering is also observed at temperatures close to or even above these transitions. Due to its proximity to the superconducting state and disappearance near the optimal superconductivity, it has been also suggested to interplay with superconductivity on a phenomenological level. Nevertheless, there is still no direct evidence to bridge the superconductivity to these transitions. Recently, another nematic order was observed in the superconducting state of heavily hole-doped compound AFe As (A = K, Rb, Cs), providing a possibility to explore the superconductivity gap symmetry nature. Here, by reviewing the recent experimental progresses on the nematic superconductivity in the FeSCs, we will introduce the progresses by various methods including the quasi-particle interference from scanning tunneling microscope, anisotropic gap magnitudes from angular resolved photoemission, the upper critical field and the superconducting transition temperatures from transport measurements. In addition, some recent reports and theoretical explanations for experimental results are followed. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1878931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44129032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1920846
M. Kozicki
ABSTRACT Dendrites are structures that develop with a continuously branching tree-like form. Such patterns are found in many aspects of the natural world, which indicates the universality of their topology. This review presents an examination of dendritic structures, addressing their stochasticity and fractal character, and exploring their information content or more specifically their ability to provide a very large number of unique patterns that may be used as a novel form of item identification. A brief summary of fractals and their dimensionality is presented and applied to the well-known diffusion limited aggregate (DLA) dendritic construct. Dendrites formed by electrochemical ‘self-assembly’ are explored and examples given of their formation under different conditions. Stochastic variations in the self-similar Y-shaped symbol that underlies these fractals can carry information, leading to significant entropy, even though the structural entropy of the overall pattern is relatively small.
{"title":"Information in electrodeposited dendrites","authors":"M. Kozicki","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1920846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1920846","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dendrites are structures that develop with a continuously branching tree-like form. Such patterns are found in many aspects of the natural world, which indicates the universality of their topology. This review presents an examination of dendritic structures, addressing their stochasticity and fractal character, and exploring their information content or more specifically their ability to provide a very large number of unique patterns that may be used as a novel form of item identification. A brief summary of fractals and their dimensionality is presented and applied to the well-known diffusion limited aggregate (DLA) dendritic construct. Dendrites formed by electrochemical ‘self-assembly’ are explored and examples given of their formation under different conditions. Stochastic variations in the self-similar Y-shaped symbol that underlies these fractals can carry information, leading to significant entropy, even though the structural entropy of the overall pattern is relatively small.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1920846","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45558352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1949390
Hongxia Qi, Zhenzhong Lian, De-hou Fei, Zhou Chen, Zhan Hu
ABSTRACT This review focuses on the properties of the light fields that are more useful in applications. We review recent means of generating shaped-pulse light field, by which matters can be steered toward the desired products, thereby allowing the coherent control in terms of effectiveness, selectivity and manipulation. Applications of these light fields are discussed, including bioscience, laser machining, novel material fabrication, trace material detection and military. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Manipulation of matter with shaped-pulse light field and its applications","authors":"Hongxia Qi, Zhenzhong Lian, De-hou Fei, Zhou Chen, Zhan Hu","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1949390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1949390","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This review focuses on the properties of the light fields that are more useful in applications. We review recent means of generating shaped-pulse light field, by which matters can be steered toward the desired products, thereby allowing the coherent control in terms of effectiveness, selectivity and manipulation. Applications of these light fields are discussed, including bioscience, laser machining, novel material fabrication, trace material detection and military. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1949390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45337655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1873859
R. Merlino
ABSTRACT Dusty plasmas are plasmas containing solid particles in the size range of about 10 nm—10 μm. The particles acquire an electrical charge by collecting electrons and ions from the plasma, or by photo-electron emission if they are exposed to UV radiation. The charged dust particles interact with the electrons and ions, forming a multi-component plasma. Dusty plasmas occur in a number of natural environments, including planetary rings, comet tails, and solar nebulae; as well as in technological devices used to manufacture semiconductor chips, and in magnetic fusion devices. This article focuses on the physics underlying dusty plasmas, which are studied by plasma physicists, aeronomists, space physicists, and astrophysicists. The article begins with an introduction explaining what we mean by a dusty plasma, where they are found, and a summary of their basic properties. The article then presents the fundamental physics of dust charging, forces on dust particles, a description of devices used to produce dusty plasmas, strongly coupled dusty plasmas, collective phenomenon (waves) in dusty plasmas, magnetized dusty plasmas, and the emerging technologies based on dusty plasmas. It concludes with a few perspective comments on how the field has developed historically and the prospects for future advances. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Dusty plasmas: from Saturn’s rings to semiconductor processing devices","authors":"R. Merlino","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1873859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1873859","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dusty plasmas are plasmas containing solid particles in the size range of about 10 nm—10 μm. The particles acquire an electrical charge by collecting electrons and ions from the plasma, or by photo-electron emission if they are exposed to UV radiation. The charged dust particles interact with the electrons and ions, forming a multi-component plasma. Dusty plasmas occur in a number of natural environments, including planetary rings, comet tails, and solar nebulae; as well as in technological devices used to manufacture semiconductor chips, and in magnetic fusion devices. This article focuses on the physics underlying dusty plasmas, which are studied by plasma physicists, aeronomists, space physicists, and astrophysicists. The article begins with an introduction explaining what we mean by a dusty plasma, where they are found, and a summary of their basic properties. The article then presents the fundamental physics of dust charging, forces on dust particles, a description of devices used to produce dusty plasmas, strongly coupled dusty plasmas, collective phenomenon (waves) in dusty plasmas, magnetized dusty plasmas, and the emerging technologies based on dusty plasmas. It concludes with a few perspective comments on how the field has developed historically and the prospects for future advances. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44941609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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