Pub Date : 2022-02-22DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2034529
Wenzhuo Zhuang, Zhong X. Chen, Xuefeng Wang
ABSTRACT Topological semimetals represent a new class of topological materials, which are highly desirable for both physics frontier and electronics applications owing to their nontrivial band structures and topologically protected surface states. The large-area fabrication of high-quality topological semimetal films is the prerequisite step to realize their practical applications. Its progress has located in its infant period. In this mini-review, we summarize several typical techniques for the fabrication of large-area 2D layered topological semimetal films. The recent progress in these large-area films for electronics, optoelectronics, terahertz, and spintronics applications is briefly reviewed. It is anticipated that with the rapid development of scalable, reliable, and low-cost production techniques and improved functional realization, large-area 2D layered topological semimetals would find the wide commercial applications in electronics, energy and beyond. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Large-area fabrication of 2D layered topological semimetal films and emerging applications","authors":"Wenzhuo Zhuang, Zhong X. Chen, Xuefeng Wang","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2034529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2034529","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Topological semimetals represent a new class of topological materials, which are highly desirable for both physics frontier and electronics applications owing to their nontrivial band structures and topologically protected surface states. The large-area fabrication of high-quality topological semimetal films is the prerequisite step to realize their practical applications. Its progress has located in its infant period. In this mini-review, we summarize several typical techniques for the fabrication of large-area 2D layered topological semimetal films. The recent progress in these large-area films for electronics, optoelectronics, terahertz, and spintronics applications is briefly reviewed. It is anticipated that with the rapid development of scalable, reliable, and low-cost production techniques and improved functional realization, large-area 2D layered topological semimetals would find the wide commercial applications in electronics, energy and beyond. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49428431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-15DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2095925
F. Caruso, D. Novko
ABSTRACT The advent of pump-probe spectroscopy techniques paved the way to the exploration of ultrafast dynamics of electrons and phonons in crystalline solids. Following photo-absorption of a pump pulse and the initial electronic thermalization, the dynamics of electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom is dominated by electron-phonon and phonon-phonon scattering processes. The two-temperature model (TTM) and its generalizations provide valuable tools to describe these phenomena and the ensuing coupled dynamics of electrons and phonons. While more sophisticated theoretical approaches are nowadays available, the conceptual and computational simplicity of the TTM makes it the method of choice to model thermalization processes in pump-probe spectroscopy, and it keeps being widely applied in both experimental and theoretical studies. In the domain of ab-initio methods, the time-dependent Boltzmann equation (TDBE) ameliorates many of the shortcomings of the TTM and enables a realistic and parameter-free description of ultrafast phenomena with full momentum resolution. After a pedagogical introduction to the TTM and TDBE, in this manuscript we review their application to the description of ultrafast process in solid-state physics and materials science as well as their theoretical foundation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Ultrafast dynamics of electrons and phonons: from the two-temperature model to the time-dependent Boltzmann equation","authors":"F. Caruso, D. Novko","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2095925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2095925","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The advent of pump-probe spectroscopy techniques paved the way to the exploration of ultrafast dynamics of electrons and phonons in crystalline solids. Following photo-absorption of a pump pulse and the initial electronic thermalization, the dynamics of electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom is dominated by electron-phonon and phonon-phonon scattering processes. The two-temperature model (TTM) and its generalizations provide valuable tools to describe these phenomena and the ensuing coupled dynamics of electrons and phonons. While more sophisticated theoretical approaches are nowadays available, the conceptual and computational simplicity of the TTM makes it the method of choice to model thermalization processes in pump-probe spectroscopy, and it keeps being widely applied in both experimental and theoretical studies. In the domain of ab-initio methods, the time-dependent Boltzmann equation (TDBE) ameliorates many of the shortcomings of the TTM and enables a realistic and parameter-free description of ultrafast phenomena with full momentum resolution. After a pedagogical introduction to the TTM and TDBE, in this manuscript we review their application to the description of ultrafast process in solid-state physics and materials science as well as their theoretical foundation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47119258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2032343
Yìlè Yīng, U. Zülicke
ABSTRACT Since the initial isolation of few-layer graphene, a plethora of two-dimensional atomic crystals has become available, covering almost all known materials types including metals, semiconductors, superconductors, ferro- and antiferromagnets. These advances have augmented the already existing variety of two-dimensional materials that are routinely realized by quantum confinement in bulk-semiconductor heterostructures. This review focuses on the type of material for which two-dimensional realizations are still being actively sought: magnetoelectrics. We present an overview of current theoretical expectation and experimental progress towards fabricating low-dimensional versions of such materials that can be magnetized by electric charges and polarized electrically by an applied magnetic field – unusual electromagnetic properties that could be the basis for various useful applications. The interplay between spatial confinement and magnetoelectricity is illustrated using the paradigmatic example of magnetic-monopole fields generated by electric charges in or near magnetoelectric media. For the purpose of this discussion, the image-charge method familiar from electrostatics is extended to solve the boundary-value problem for a magnetoelectric medium in the finite-width slab geometry using image dyons, i.e. point objects having both electric and magnetic charges. We discuss salient features of the magnetoelectrically induced fields arising in the thin-width limit. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Magnetoelectricity in two-dimensional materials","authors":"Yìlè Yīng, U. Zülicke","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2032343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2032343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since the initial isolation of few-layer graphene, a plethora of two-dimensional atomic crystals has become available, covering almost all known materials types including metals, semiconductors, superconductors, ferro- and antiferromagnets. These advances have augmented the already existing variety of two-dimensional materials that are routinely realized by quantum confinement in bulk-semiconductor heterostructures. This review focuses on the type of material for which two-dimensional realizations are still being actively sought: magnetoelectrics. We present an overview of current theoretical expectation and experimental progress towards fabricating low-dimensional versions of such materials that can be magnetized by electric charges and polarized electrically by an applied magnetic field – unusual electromagnetic properties that could be the basis for various useful applications. The interplay between spatial confinement and magnetoelectricity is illustrated using the paradigmatic example of magnetic-monopole fields generated by electric charges in or near magnetoelectric media. For the purpose of this discussion, the image-charge method familiar from electrostatics is extended to solve the boundary-value problem for a magnetoelectric medium in the finite-width slab geometry using image dyons, i.e. point objects having both electric and magnetic charges. We discuss salient features of the magnetoelectrically induced fields arising in the thin-width limit. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41835407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2022992
D. Rocco, R. C. Morales, Lei Xu, A. Zilli, V. Vinel, M. Finazzi, M. Celebrano, G. Leo, M. Rahmani, C. Jagadish, H. Tan, D. Neshev, C. de Angelis
ABSTRACT Nonlinear frequency generation at the nanoscale is a hot research topic which is gaining increasing attention in nanophotonics. The generation of harmonics in subwavelength volumes is historically associated with the enhancement of electric fields in the interface of plasmonic structures. Recently, new platforms based on high-index dielectric nanoparticles have emerged as promising alternatives to plasmonic structures for many applications. By exploiting optically induced electric and magnetic response via multipolar Mie resonances, dielectric nanoelements may lead to innovative opportunities in nanoscale nonlinear optics. Dielectric optical nanoantennas enlarge the volume of light–matter interaction with respect to their plasmonic counterpart, since the electromagnetic field can penetrate such materials, and therefore producing a high throughput of the generated harmonics. In this review, we first recap recent developments obtained in high refractive index structures, which mainly concern nonlinear second order effects. Moreover, we discuss configurations of dielectric nano-devices where reconfigurable nonlinear behavior is achieved. The main focus of this work concerns efficient Sum Frequency Generation in dielectric nano-platforms. The reported results may serve as a reference for the development of new nonlinear devices for nanophotonic applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Second order nonlinear frequency generation at the nanoscale in dielectric platforms","authors":"D. Rocco, R. C. Morales, Lei Xu, A. Zilli, V. Vinel, M. Finazzi, M. Celebrano, G. Leo, M. Rahmani, C. Jagadish, H. Tan, D. Neshev, C. de Angelis","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2022992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2022992","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nonlinear frequency generation at the nanoscale is a hot research topic which is gaining increasing attention in nanophotonics. The generation of harmonics in subwavelength volumes is historically associated with the enhancement of electric fields in the interface of plasmonic structures. Recently, new platforms based on high-index dielectric nanoparticles have emerged as promising alternatives to plasmonic structures for many applications. By exploiting optically induced electric and magnetic response via multipolar Mie resonances, dielectric nanoelements may lead to innovative opportunities in nanoscale nonlinear optics. Dielectric optical nanoantennas enlarge the volume of light–matter interaction with respect to their plasmonic counterpart, since the electromagnetic field can penetrate such materials, and therefore producing a high throughput of the generated harmonics. In this review, we first recap recent developments obtained in high refractive index structures, which mainly concern nonlinear second order effects. Moreover, we discuss configurations of dielectric nano-devices where reconfigurable nonlinear behavior is achieved. The main focus of this work concerns efficient Sum Frequency Generation in dielectric nano-platforms. The reported results may serve as a reference for the development of new nonlinear devices for nanophotonic applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47474916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-11DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2004921
Liye Zhao, Xiang Shen, Lumin Ji, Pu Huang
ABSTRACT The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is one of the major platforms in the evolving field of quantum technologies. The inertial surveying technology based on NV centers in diamond is a developing field with both scientific and technological importance. Quantum measurement using the solid-state spin of the NV center has demonstrated potential in both high-precision and small-volume low-cost devices. In terms of rotation measurement, the optically detected magnetic resonance has provided a perspective of the rotation measurement mechanism via the solid-state spin of the NV center. A new type of gyroscope based on the solid-state spin in diamond according to the theory has attracted considerable attention. In addition, combined with the ingenious quantum mechanics manipulation and coupling mechanism, acceleration measurement can be achieved through an efficient quantum detection technology of the NV center. This review summarizes the recent research progress in diamond-based inertial measurement, including sensitivity optimization methods for inertial measurement systems based on the NV center. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Inertial measurement with solid-state spins of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond","authors":"Liye Zhao, Xiang Shen, Lumin Ji, Pu Huang","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2004921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2004921","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is one of the major platforms in the evolving field of quantum technologies. The inertial surveying technology based on NV centers in diamond is a developing field with both scientific and technological importance. Quantum measurement using the solid-state spin of the NV center has demonstrated potential in both high-precision and small-volume low-cost devices. In terms of rotation measurement, the optically detected magnetic resonance has provided a perspective of the rotation measurement mechanism via the solid-state spin of the NV center. A new type of gyroscope based on the solid-state spin in diamond according to the theory has attracted considerable attention. In addition, combined with the ingenious quantum mechanics manipulation and coupling mechanism, acceleration measurement can be achieved through an efficient quantum detection technology of the NV center. This review summarizes the recent research progress in diamond-based inertial measurement, including sensitivity optimization methods for inertial measurement systems based on the NV center. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45039127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2006080
Shreyas S. Kaptan, I. Vattulainen
ABSTRACT Machine learning has rapidly become a key method for the analysis and organization of large-scale data in all scientific disciplines. In life sciences, the use of machine learning techniques is a particularly appealing idea since the enormous capacity of computational infrastructures generates terabytes of data through millisecond simulations of atomistic and molecular-scale biomolecular systems. Due to this explosion of data, the automation, reproducibility, and objectivity provided by machine learning methods are highly desirable features in the analysis of complex systems. In this review, we focus on the use of machine learning in biomolecular simulations. We discuss the main categories of machine learning tasks, such as dimensionality reduction, clustering, regression, and classification used in the analysis of simulation data. We then introduce the most popular classes of techniques involved in these tasks for the purpose of enhanced sampling, coordinate discovery, and structure prediction. Whenever possible, we explain the scope and limitations of machine learning approaches, and we discuss examples of applications of these techniques. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Machine learning in the analysis of biomolecular simulations","authors":"Shreyas S. Kaptan, I. Vattulainen","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2006080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2006080","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Machine learning has rapidly become a key method for the analysis and organization of large-scale data in all scientific disciplines. In life sciences, the use of machine learning techniques is a particularly appealing idea since the enormous capacity of computational infrastructures generates terabytes of data through millisecond simulations of atomistic and molecular-scale biomolecular systems. Due to this explosion of data, the automation, reproducibility, and objectivity provided by machine learning methods are highly desirable features in the analysis of complex systems. In this review, we focus on the use of machine learning in biomolecular simulations. We discuss the main categories of machine learning tasks, such as dimensionality reduction, clustering, regression, and classification used in the analysis of simulation data. We then introduce the most popular classes of techniques involved in these tasks for the purpose of enhanced sampling, coordinate discovery, and structure prediction. Whenever possible, we explain the scope and limitations of machine learning approaches, and we discuss examples of applications of these techniques. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48031313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-06DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2013134
Y. Bai, Na Li, Ruxin Li, P. Liu
ABSTRACT Three-dimensional topological insulators feature unconventional two-dimensional surface states, the carriers in which are helical Dirac fermions and protected from backscattering. Thus, they exhibit novel electronic response upon illuminate ultrashort and intense laser light. We briefly reviewed recent studies on ultrafast phenomena from the surface of the topological insulators driven by laser pulse ranging from visible to THz frequency. Ultrafast dynamics of Dirac fermions can be excited by helical photons and driven by strong light field. Many unique nonlinear behaviors have been demonstrated, such as the excitation of helicity-dependent photocurrent, the formation of Floquet-Bloch bands, lightwave-driven Dirac currents and the generation of optical high-harmonic emission. This review aimed at understanding the microscopic mechanism of the ultrafast charge and spin dynamics in topological surface states and its prospects for coherent manipulation of Dirac fermions by laser light. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Ultrafast dynamics of helical Dirac fermions in the topological insulators","authors":"Y. Bai, Na Li, Ruxin Li, P. Liu","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2013134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2013134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Three-dimensional topological insulators feature unconventional two-dimensional surface states, the carriers in which are helical Dirac fermions and protected from backscattering. Thus, they exhibit novel electronic response upon illuminate ultrashort and intense laser light. We briefly reviewed recent studies on ultrafast phenomena from the surface of the topological insulators driven by laser pulse ranging from visible to THz frequency. Ultrafast dynamics of Dirac fermions can be excited by helical photons and driven by strong light field. Many unique nonlinear behaviors have been demonstrated, such as the excitation of helicity-dependent photocurrent, the formation of Floquet-Bloch bands, lightwave-driven Dirac currents and the generation of optical high-harmonic emission. This review aimed at understanding the microscopic mechanism of the ultrafast charge and spin dynamics in topological surface states and its prospects for coherent manipulation of Dirac fermions by laser light. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46707442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2080587
C Guardiani, F Cecconi, L Chiodo, G Cottone, P Malgaretti, L Maragliano, M L Barabash, G Camisasca, M Ceccarelli, B Corry, R Roth, A Giacomello, B Roux
Ion channels are fundamental biological devices that act as gates in order to ensure selective ion transport across cellular membranes; their operation constitutes the molecular mechanism through which basic biological functions, such as nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction, are carried out. Here, we review recent results in the field of computational research on ion channels, covering theoretical advances, state-of-the-art simulation approaches, and frontline modeling techniques. We also report on few selected applications of continuum and atomistic methods to characterize the mechanisms of permeation, selectivity, and gating in biological and model channels.
{"title":"Computational methods and theory for ion channel research.","authors":"C Guardiani, F Cecconi, L Chiodo, G Cottone, P Malgaretti, L Maragliano, M L Barabash, G Camisasca, M Ceccarelli, B Corry, R Roth, A Giacomello, B Roux","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2080587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2080587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ion channels are fundamental biological devices that act as gates in order to ensure selective ion transport across cellular membranes; their operation constitutes the molecular mechanism through which basic biological functions, such as nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction, are carried out. Here, we review recent results in the field of computational research on ion channels, covering theoretical advances, state-of-the-art simulation approaches, and frontline modeling techniques. We also report on few selected applications of continuum and atomistic methods to characterize the mechanisms of permeation, selectivity, and gating in biological and model channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9302924/pdf/nihms-1821206.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10457898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2052353
A. Le Donne, A. Tinti, Eder Amayuelas, Hemant K. Kashyap, G. Camisasca, Richard C. Remsing, R. Roth, Yaroslav Grosu, S. Meloni
ABSTRACT Wetting and drying of pores or cavities, made by walls that attract or repel the liquid, is a ubiquitous process in nature and has many technological applications including, for example, liquid separation, chromatography, energy damping, conversion, and storage. Understanding under which conditions intrusion/extrusion takes place and how to control/tune them by chemical or physical means are currently among the main questions in the field. Historically, the theory to model intrusion/extrusion was based on the mechanics of fluids. However, the discovery of the existence of metastable states, where systems are kinetically trapped in the intruded or extruded configuration, fostered the research based on modern statistical mechanics concepts and more accurate models of the liquid, vapor, and gas phases beyond the simplest sharp interface representation. In parallel, inspired by the growing number of technological applications of intrusion/extrusion, experimental research blossomed considering systems with complex chemistry and pore topology, possessing flexible frameworks, and presenting unusual properties, such as negative volumetric compressibility. In this article, we review recent theoretical and experimental progresses, presenting it in the context of unifying framework. We illustrate also emerging technological applications of intrusion/extrusion and discuss challenges ahead. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Intrusion and extrusion of liquids in highly confining media: bridging fundamental research to applications","authors":"A. Le Donne, A. Tinti, Eder Amayuelas, Hemant K. Kashyap, G. Camisasca, Richard C. Remsing, R. Roth, Yaroslav Grosu, S. Meloni","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2052353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2052353","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wetting and drying of pores or cavities, made by walls that attract or repel the liquid, is a ubiquitous process in nature and has many technological applications including, for example, liquid separation, chromatography, energy damping, conversion, and storage. Understanding under which conditions intrusion/extrusion takes place and how to control/tune them by chemical or physical means are currently among the main questions in the field. Historically, the theory to model intrusion/extrusion was based on the mechanics of fluids. However, the discovery of the existence of metastable states, where systems are kinetically trapped in the intruded or extruded configuration, fostered the research based on modern statistical mechanics concepts and more accurate models of the liquid, vapor, and gas phases beyond the simplest sharp interface representation. In parallel, inspired by the growing number of technological applications of intrusion/extrusion, experimental research blossomed considering systems with complex chemistry and pore topology, possessing flexible frameworks, and presenting unusual properties, such as negative volumetric compressibility. In this article, we review recent theoretical and experimental progresses, presenting it in the context of unifying framework. We illustrate also emerging technological applications of intrusion/extrusion and discuss challenges ahead. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60110689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-19DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2009742
Yahong Chen, Fei Wang, Y. Cai
ABSTRACT The techniques of optical beam shaping have enabled progress in a broad range of interdisciplinary science and engineering, owing to the unique properties and promising applications of their created structured light. However, the conventional methods, which are based on fully coherent optics approaches, introduce several adverse effects such as speckles noise in the generated beams and susceptible to be disturbed in complex environment (e.g. turbulent atmospheres), because of the sensitive coherent light-matter interaction. To overcome those side effects, a new protocol relied on the partially coherent beam shaping has been developed. By elaborately tailoring the complex spatial coherence structure of a partially coherent beam, the desired beam profile and trajectory with high beam quality and robust propagation feature in complex environment can be generated. In this review, we present an overview of such unconventional partially coherent beam shaping with a focus on the important role of the complex spatial coherence structure engineering. Partially coherent beam shaping not only provides an efficient means for resisting the disadvantages in coherent optics methods but also enables new applications in novel optical imaging and tweezers. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Partially coherent light beam shaping via complex spatial coherence structure engineering","authors":"Yahong Chen, Fei Wang, Y. Cai","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2009742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2009742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The techniques of optical beam shaping have enabled progress in a broad range of interdisciplinary science and engineering, owing to the unique properties and promising applications of their created structured light. However, the conventional methods, which are based on fully coherent optics approaches, introduce several adverse effects such as speckles noise in the generated beams and susceptible to be disturbed in complex environment (e.g. turbulent atmospheres), because of the sensitive coherent light-matter interaction. To overcome those side effects, a new protocol relied on the partially coherent beam shaping has been developed. By elaborately tailoring the complex spatial coherence structure of a partially coherent beam, the desired beam profile and trajectory with high beam quality and robust propagation feature in complex environment can be generated. In this review, we present an overview of such unconventional partially coherent beam shaping with a focus on the important role of the complex spatial coherence structure engineering. Partially coherent beam shaping not only provides an efficient means for resisting the disadvantages in coherent optics methods but also enables new applications in novel optical imaging and tweezers. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41508254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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