Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2052353
A. Le Donne, A. Tinti, Eder Amayuelas, Hemant K. Kashyap, G. Camisasca, Richard C. Remsing, R. Roth, Yaroslav Grosu, S. Meloni
ABSTRACT Wetting and drying of pores or cavities, made by walls that attract or repel the liquid, is a ubiquitous process in nature and has many technological applications including, for example, liquid separation, chromatography, energy damping, conversion, and storage. Understanding under which conditions intrusion/extrusion takes place and how to control/tune them by chemical or physical means are currently among the main questions in the field. Historically, the theory to model intrusion/extrusion was based on the mechanics of fluids. However, the discovery of the existence of metastable states, where systems are kinetically trapped in the intruded or extruded configuration, fostered the research based on modern statistical mechanics concepts and more accurate models of the liquid, vapor, and gas phases beyond the simplest sharp interface representation. In parallel, inspired by the growing number of technological applications of intrusion/extrusion, experimental research blossomed considering systems with complex chemistry and pore topology, possessing flexible frameworks, and presenting unusual properties, such as negative volumetric compressibility. In this article, we review recent theoretical and experimental progresses, presenting it in the context of unifying framework. We illustrate also emerging technological applications of intrusion/extrusion and discuss challenges ahead. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Intrusion and extrusion of liquids in highly confining media: bridging fundamental research to applications","authors":"A. Le Donne, A. Tinti, Eder Amayuelas, Hemant K. Kashyap, G. Camisasca, Richard C. Remsing, R. Roth, Yaroslav Grosu, S. Meloni","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2052353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2052353","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wetting and drying of pores or cavities, made by walls that attract or repel the liquid, is a ubiquitous process in nature and has many technological applications including, for example, liquid separation, chromatography, energy damping, conversion, and storage. Understanding under which conditions intrusion/extrusion takes place and how to control/tune them by chemical or physical means are currently among the main questions in the field. Historically, the theory to model intrusion/extrusion was based on the mechanics of fluids. However, the discovery of the existence of metastable states, where systems are kinetically trapped in the intruded or extruded configuration, fostered the research based on modern statistical mechanics concepts and more accurate models of the liquid, vapor, and gas phases beyond the simplest sharp interface representation. In parallel, inspired by the growing number of technological applications of intrusion/extrusion, experimental research blossomed considering systems with complex chemistry and pore topology, possessing flexible frameworks, and presenting unusual properties, such as negative volumetric compressibility. In this article, we review recent theoretical and experimental progresses, presenting it in the context of unifying framework. We illustrate also emerging technological applications of intrusion/extrusion and discuss challenges ahead. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60110689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-19DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2009742
Yahong Chen, Fei Wang, Y. Cai
ABSTRACT The techniques of optical beam shaping have enabled progress in a broad range of interdisciplinary science and engineering, owing to the unique properties and promising applications of their created structured light. However, the conventional methods, which are based on fully coherent optics approaches, introduce several adverse effects such as speckles noise in the generated beams and susceptible to be disturbed in complex environment (e.g. turbulent atmospheres), because of the sensitive coherent light-matter interaction. To overcome those side effects, a new protocol relied on the partially coherent beam shaping has been developed. By elaborately tailoring the complex spatial coherence structure of a partially coherent beam, the desired beam profile and trajectory with high beam quality and robust propagation feature in complex environment can be generated. In this review, we present an overview of such unconventional partially coherent beam shaping with a focus on the important role of the complex spatial coherence structure engineering. Partially coherent beam shaping not only provides an efficient means for resisting the disadvantages in coherent optics methods but also enables new applications in novel optical imaging and tweezers. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Partially coherent light beam shaping via complex spatial coherence structure engineering","authors":"Yahong Chen, Fei Wang, Y. Cai","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2009742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2009742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The techniques of optical beam shaping have enabled progress in a broad range of interdisciplinary science and engineering, owing to the unique properties and promising applications of their created structured light. However, the conventional methods, which are based on fully coherent optics approaches, introduce several adverse effects such as speckles noise in the generated beams and susceptible to be disturbed in complex environment (e.g. turbulent atmospheres), because of the sensitive coherent light-matter interaction. To overcome those side effects, a new protocol relied on the partially coherent beam shaping has been developed. By elaborately tailoring the complex spatial coherence structure of a partially coherent beam, the desired beam profile and trajectory with high beam quality and robust propagation feature in complex environment can be generated. In this review, we present an overview of such unconventional partially coherent beam shaping with a focus on the important role of the complex spatial coherence structure engineering. Partially coherent beam shaping not only provides an efficient means for resisting the disadvantages in coherent optics methods but also enables new applications in novel optical imaging and tweezers. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41508254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT In the past decade, a new research frontier emerges at the interface between physics and renewable energy, termed as inelastic thermoelectric effects, where inelastic transport processes play a key role. The study of inelastic thermoelectric effects broadens our understanding of thermoelectric phenomena and provides new routes towards high-performance thermoelectric energy conversion. Here, we review the main progress in this field, with a particular focus on inelastic thermoelectric effects induced by the electron-phonon and electron–photon interactions. We introduce the motivations, the basic pictures, and prototype models, as well as the unconventional effects induced by inelastic thermoelectric transport. These unconventional effects include the separation of heat and charge transport, the cooling by heating effect, the linear thermal transistor effect, nonlinear enhancement of performance, Maxwell demons, and cooperative effects. We find that elastic and inelastic thermoelectric effects are described by significantly different microscopic mechanisms and belong to distinct linear thermodynamic classes. We also pay special attention to the unique aspect of fluctuations in small mesoscopic thermoelectric systems. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future opportunities in the field of inelastic thermoelectrics. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Inelastic thermoelectric transport and fluctuations in mesoscopic systems","authors":"Rongqian Wang, Chen Wang, Jincheng Lu, Jian‐Hua Jiang","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2082317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2082317","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the past decade, a new research frontier emerges at the interface between physics and renewable energy, termed as inelastic thermoelectric effects, where inelastic transport processes play a key role. The study of inelastic thermoelectric effects broadens our understanding of thermoelectric phenomena and provides new routes towards high-performance thermoelectric energy conversion. Here, we review the main progress in this field, with a particular focus on inelastic thermoelectric effects induced by the electron-phonon and electron–photon interactions. We introduce the motivations, the basic pictures, and prototype models, as well as the unconventional effects induced by inelastic thermoelectric transport. These unconventional effects include the separation of heat and charge transport, the cooling by heating effect, the linear thermal transistor effect, nonlinear enhancement of performance, Maxwell demons, and cooperative effects. We find that elastic and inelastic thermoelectric effects are described by significantly different microscopic mechanisms and belong to distinct linear thermodynamic classes. We also pay special attention to the unique aspect of fluctuations in small mesoscopic thermoelectric systems. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future opportunities in the field of inelastic thermoelectrics. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46984087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-05DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2003244
Jongkyoon Park, Amutha V. Subramani, Seungchul Kim, M. Ciappina
ABSTRACT High-order harmonic generation in solids, the nonlinear up-conversion of coherent radiation resulting from the interaction of a strong and short laser pulse with a solid sample, has come to age. Since the first experiments and theoretical developments, there has been a constant and steady interest in this topic. In this paper, we summarize the progress made so far and propose new possibilities for the generation of high-order harmonics with the aid of plasmonic fields. The driven fields could be adequately engineered both spatially and temporally with nanometric and attosecond resolution, offering to the conventional solid-HHG novel and exciting coherent sources. Just to cite an example, the generation of attosecond pulses using bulk matter is strongly linked to the appropriate manipulation of the driven field to avoid, for instance, reaching the damage threshold of the material. Plasmonics fields as an alternative to conventional laser beams could open new avenues in the development of table-top sources of ultrashort and strong coherent radiation. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Recent trends in high-order harmonic generation in solids","authors":"Jongkyoon Park, Amutha V. Subramani, Seungchul Kim, M. Ciappina","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2003244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2003244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT High-order harmonic generation in solids, the nonlinear up-conversion of coherent radiation resulting from the interaction of a strong and short laser pulse with a solid sample, has come to age. Since the first experiments and theoretical developments, there has been a constant and steady interest in this topic. In this paper, we summarize the progress made so far and propose new possibilities for the generation of high-order harmonics with the aid of plasmonic fields. The driven fields could be adequately engineered both spatially and temporally with nanometric and attosecond resolution, offering to the conventional solid-HHG novel and exciting coherent sources. Just to cite an example, the generation of attosecond pulses using bulk matter is strongly linked to the appropriate manipulation of the driven field to avoid, for instance, reaching the damage threshold of the material. Plasmonics fields as an alternative to conventional laser beams could open new avenues in the development of table-top sources of ultrashort and strong coherent radiation. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43238034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-11DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1997153
Alishba T. John, A. Tricoli
ABSTRACT Development of fabrication technologies for three-dimensional structuring and integration of nanomaterials in devices is important for a broad range of applications, including next-generation high energy density batteries, super(de)wetting and biomedical coatings, and miniaturized biomedical diagnostics. Amongst various nanofabrication approaches, the flame synthesis route accounts for some of the first man-made nanomaterials and industrial production of various nanoparticle commodities such as carbon black, fumed silica, and pigmentary titania. In the past two decades, flexibility in nanomaterials and facile fabrication of nanostructured films by aerosol self-assembly has motivated the exploration of this technology for device applications. In this review, we present a perspective of recent progress in flame-assisted nanofabrication and its application to emerging technologies. The fundamentals of flame synthesis will be briefly reviewed to evaluate trends in flame reactor designs and directions for improvements. A selection of exemplary flame-made nanostructures will be presented across the major categories of catalysis, energy conversion devices, membranes and sensors, highlighting weakness and strengths of this synthesis route. We will conclude with an outlook towards possible implementation of flame-assisted self-assembly as a scalable tool for nanofabrication in emerging devices and a critical assessment of the persisting challenges for its broader industrial uptake. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Flame assisted synthesis of nanostructures for device applications","authors":"Alishba T. John, A. Tricoli","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1997153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1997153","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Development of fabrication technologies for three-dimensional structuring and integration of nanomaterials in devices is important for a broad range of applications, including next-generation high energy density batteries, super(de)wetting and biomedical coatings, and miniaturized biomedical diagnostics. Amongst various nanofabrication approaches, the flame synthesis route accounts for some of the first man-made nanomaterials and industrial production of various nanoparticle commodities such as carbon black, fumed silica, and pigmentary titania. In the past two decades, flexibility in nanomaterials and facile fabrication of nanostructured films by aerosol self-assembly has motivated the exploration of this technology for device applications. In this review, we present a perspective of recent progress in flame-assisted nanofabrication and its application to emerging technologies. The fundamentals of flame synthesis will be briefly reviewed to evaluate trends in flame reactor designs and directions for improvements. A selection of exemplary flame-made nanostructures will be presented across the major categories of catalysis, energy conversion devices, membranes and sensors, highlighting weakness and strengths of this synthesis route. We will conclude with an outlook towards possible implementation of flame-assisted self-assembly as a scalable tool for nanofabrication in emerging devices and a critical assessment of the persisting challenges for its broader industrial uptake. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46322239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-10DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2036638
A. Gubbiotti, Matteo Baldelli, Giovanni Di Muccio, P. Malgaretti, S. Marbach, M. Chinappi
ABSTRACT Electroosmosis is a fascinating effect where liquid motion is induced by an applied electric field. Counter ions accumulate in the vicinity of charged surfaces, triggering a coupling between liquid mass transport and external electric field. In nanofluidic technologies, where surfaces play an exacerbated role, electroosmosis is thus of primary importance. Its consequences on transport properties in biological and synthetic nanopores are subtle and intricate. Thorough understanding is therefore challenging yet crucial to fully assess the mechanisms at play. Here, we review recent progress on computational techniques for the analysis of electroosmosis and discuss technological applications, in particular for nanopore sensing devices. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Electroosmosis in nanopores: computational methods and technological applications","authors":"A. Gubbiotti, Matteo Baldelli, Giovanni Di Muccio, P. Malgaretti, S. Marbach, M. Chinappi","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2022.2036638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2022.2036638","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Electroosmosis is a fascinating effect where liquid motion is induced by an applied electric field. Counter ions accumulate in the vicinity of charged surfaces, triggering a coupling between liquid mass transport and external electric field. In nanofluidic technologies, where surfaces play an exacerbated role, electroosmosis is thus of primary importance. Its consequences on transport properties in biological and synthetic nanopores are subtle and intricate. Thorough understanding is therefore challenging yet crucial to fully assess the mechanisms at play. Here, we review recent progress on computational techniques for the analysis of electroosmosis and discuss technological applications, in particular for nanopore sensing devices. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47487542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-15DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1978317
J. Carvalho-de-Souza, A. Saponaro, C. Bassetto, O. Rauh, I. Schroeder, F. Franciolini, L. Catacuzzeno, F. Bezanilla, G. Thiel, A. Moroni
ABSTRACT Biological ion channels precisely control the flow of ions across membranes in response to a range of physical and chemical stimuli. With their ability of transporting ions in a highly selective manner and of integrating regulatory cues, they are a source of inspiration for the construction of solid-state nanopores as sensors or switches for practical applications. Here, we summarize recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms of ion permeation and gating in channel proteins with a focus on the elementary steps of ion transport through the pore and on non-canonical modes of intramolecular communication between peripheral sensory domains and the central channel pore. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Experimental challenges in ion channel research: uncovering basic principles of permeation and gating in potassium channels","authors":"J. Carvalho-de-Souza, A. Saponaro, C. Bassetto, O. Rauh, I. Schroeder, F. Franciolini, L. Catacuzzeno, F. Bezanilla, G. Thiel, A. Moroni","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1978317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1978317","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Biological ion channels precisely control the flow of ions across membranes in response to a range of physical and chemical stimuli. With their ability of transporting ions in a highly selective manner and of integrating regulatory cues, they are a source of inspiration for the construction of solid-state nanopores as sensors or switches for practical applications. Here, we summarize recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms of ion permeation and gating in channel proteins with a focus on the elementary steps of ion transport through the pore and on non-canonical modes of intramolecular communication between peripheral sensory domains and the central channel pore. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47730027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.2010595
L. Seiffert, S. Zherebtsov, M. Kling, T. Fennel
ABSTRACT When intense laser fields interact with nanoscale targets, strong-field physics meets plasmonic near-field enhancement and subwavelength localization of light. Photoemission spectra reflect the associated attosecond optical and electronic response and encode the collisional and collective dynamics of the solid. Nanospheres represent an ideal platform to explore the underlying attosecond nanophysics because of their particularly simple geometry. This review summarizes key results from the last decade and aims to provide the essential stepping stones for students and researchers to enter this field. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Strong-field physics with nanospheres","authors":"L. Seiffert, S. Zherebtsov, M. Kling, T. Fennel","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.2010595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.2010595","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When intense laser fields interact with nanoscale targets, strong-field physics meets plasmonic near-field enhancement and subwavelength localization of light. Photoemission spectra reflect the associated attosecond optical and electronic response and encode the collisional and collective dynamics of the solid. Nanospheres represent an ideal platform to explore the underlying attosecond nanophysics because of their particularly simple geometry. This review summarizes key results from the last decade and aims to provide the essential stepping stones for students and researchers to enter this field. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49521866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1981155
Chaoran Huang, V. Sorger, M. Miscuglio, M. Al-Qadasi, Avilash Mukherjee, S. Shekhar, L. Chrostowski, L. Lampe, Mitchell Nichols, M. Fok, D. Brunner, A. Tait, T. F. D. Lima, B. Marquez, P. Prucnal, B. Shastri
ABSTRACT Neural networks have enabled applications in artificial intelligence through machine learning, and neuromorphic computing. Software implementations of neural networks on conventional computers that have separate memory and processor (and that operate sequentially) are limited in speed and energy efficiency. Neuromorphic engineering aims to build processors in which hardware mimics neurons and synapses in the brain for distributed and parallel processing. Neuromorphic engineering enabled by photonics (optical physics) can offer sub-nanosecond latencies and high bandwidth with low energies to extend the domain of artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing applications to machine learning acceleration, nonlinear programming, intelligent signal processing, etc. Photonic neural networks have been demonstrated on integrated platforms and free-space optics depending on the class of applications being targeted. Here, we discuss the prospects and demonstrated applications of these photonic neural networks. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Prospects and applications of photonic neural networks","authors":"Chaoran Huang, V. Sorger, M. Miscuglio, M. Al-Qadasi, Avilash Mukherjee, S. Shekhar, L. Chrostowski, L. Lampe, Mitchell Nichols, M. Fok, D. Brunner, A. Tait, T. F. D. Lima, B. Marquez, P. Prucnal, B. Shastri","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1981155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1981155","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Neural networks have enabled applications in artificial intelligence through machine learning, and neuromorphic computing. Software implementations of neural networks on conventional computers that have separate memory and processor (and that operate sequentially) are limited in speed and energy efficiency. Neuromorphic engineering aims to build processors in which hardware mimics neurons and synapses in the brain for distributed and parallel processing. Neuromorphic engineering enabled by photonics (optical physics) can offer sub-nanosecond latencies and high bandwidth with low energies to extend the domain of artificial intelligence and neuromorphic computing applications to machine learning acceleration, nonlinear programming, intelligent signal processing, etc. Photonic neural networks have been demonstrated on integrated platforms and free-space optics depending on the class of applications being targeted. Here, we discuss the prospects and demonstrated applications of these photonic neural networks. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42998188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-17DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1838946
M. Tan, Xingyuan Xu, Jiayang Wu, D. Moss
Integrated Kerr micro-combs, a powerful source of many wavelengths for photonic RF and microwave signal processing, are particularly useful for transversal filter systems. They have many advantages including a compact footprint, high versatility, large numbers of wavelengths, and wide bandwidths. We review recent progress on photonic RF and microwave high bandwidth temporal signal processing based on Kerr micro-combs with spacings from 49-200GHz. We cover integral and fractional Hilbert transforms, differentiators as well as integrators. The potential of optical micro-combs for RF photonic applications in functionality and ability to realize integrated solutions is also discussed.
{"title":"High bandwidth temporal RF photonic signal processing with Kerr micro-combs: integration, fractional differentiation and Hilbert transforms","authors":"M. Tan, Xingyuan Xu, Jiayang Wu, D. Moss","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1838946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1838946","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated Kerr micro-combs, a powerful source of many wavelengths for photonic RF and microwave signal processing, are particularly useful for transversal filter systems. They have many advantages including a compact footprint, high versatility, large numbers of wavelengths, and wide bandwidths. We review recent progress on photonic RF and microwave high bandwidth temporal signal processing based on Kerr micro-combs with spacings from 49-200GHz. We cover integral and fractional Hilbert transforms, differentiators as well as integrators. The potential of optical micro-combs for RF photonic applications in functionality and ability to realize integrated solutions is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1838946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60110679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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