Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1878057
Rodrigo A. Vicencio Poblete
ABSTRACT During the last decades, researchers of different scientific areas have investigated several systems and materials to suggest new ways of transporting and localizing light. These problems are probably main goals in any search for new configurations and new emerging properties, independently of the degree of complexity of suggested methods. Fortunately, fabrication techniques in photonics have consolidated during the last decades, allowing the experimental implementation of different theoretical ideas which were neither tested nor validated. Specifically, we will focus on recent advances in the implementation of Flat Band (FB) photonic systems. FB periodical structures have at least two bands in their linear spectrum, with one of them completely flat. This implies the emergence of linear photonic states which are completely localized in space and that can be located in different regions across the lattice. This localization occurs as a result of destructive interference, what naturally depends on the particular lattice geometry. In addition, flat band systems also posses dispersive states which make possible the observation of ballistic transport as well. Therefore, FB photonic lattices constitute an unique platform for studying localization and transport, without requiring the inclusion of any sophisticated interaction/effect, rather a smart and simple geometry. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Photonic flat band dynamics","authors":"Rodrigo A. Vicencio Poblete","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1878057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1878057","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the last decades, researchers of different scientific areas have investigated several systems and materials to suggest new ways of transporting and localizing light. These problems are probably main goals in any search for new configurations and new emerging properties, independently of the degree of complexity of suggested methods. Fortunately, fabrication techniques in photonics have consolidated during the last decades, allowing the experimental implementation of different theoretical ideas which were neither tested nor validated. Specifically, we will focus on recent advances in the implementation of Flat Band (FB) photonic systems. FB periodical structures have at least two bands in their linear spectrum, with one of them completely flat. This implies the emergence of linear photonic states which are completely localized in space and that can be located in different regions across the lattice. This localization occurs as a result of destructive interference, what naturally depends on the particular lattice geometry. In addition, flat band systems also posses dispersive states which make possible the observation of ballistic transport as well. Therefore, FB photonic lattices constitute an unique platform for studying localization and transport, without requiring the inclusion of any sophisticated interaction/effect, rather a smart and simple geometry. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1878057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45768686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1871862
C. Petrillo, F. Sacchetti
ABSTRACT The European landscape of neutron sources for research applications is changing and the major European joint effort, the European Spallation Source (ESS) currently under construction in Lund (Sweden), is progressing. The high flux source ESS is designed to deliver slow neutrons with a long-pulse time structure, a rather unique feature, with characteristics optimised to maximise the instrument performances and the experimental throughput. This is expected to result in unprecedented scientific capability over broad research areas. Major breakthroughs are likely to take place in the understanding of complex, strongly interacting and disordered systems, more specifically on their dynamical response. This will have an impact on the development of novel theories to cover some of the presently existing knowledge gaps and will prompt advanced applications of the investigated materials. Liquid metals are a prototypical example of complex systems extensively studied from the sixties on, now re-emerging as powerful functional materials for unconventional and broad spectrum applications. Research on liquid metal composites will benefit of the new experimental possibilities available at the ESS. We review the status of the experiments on liquid metals dynamics, focusing on a selected set of systems, and discuss the perspectives for cutting-edge experiments at the new sources. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Future applications of the high-flux thermal neutron spectroscopy: the ever-green case of collective excitations in liquid metals","authors":"C. Petrillo, F. Sacchetti","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1871862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1871862","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The European landscape of neutron sources for research applications is changing and the major European joint effort, the European Spallation Source (ESS) currently under construction in Lund (Sweden), is progressing. The high flux source ESS is designed to deliver slow neutrons with a long-pulse time structure, a rather unique feature, with characteristics optimised to maximise the instrument performances and the experimental throughput. This is expected to result in unprecedented scientific capability over broad research areas. Major breakthroughs are likely to take place in the understanding of complex, strongly interacting and disordered systems, more specifically on their dynamical response. This will have an impact on the development of novel theories to cover some of the presently existing knowledge gaps and will prompt advanced applications of the investigated materials. Liquid metals are a prototypical example of complex systems extensively studied from the sixties on, now re-emerging as powerful functional materials for unconventional and broad spectrum applications. Research on liquid metal composites will benefit of the new experimental possibilities available at the ESS. We review the status of the experiments on liquid metals dynamics, focusing on a selected set of systems, and discuss the perspectives for cutting-edge experiments at the new sources. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1871862","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48556987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1889402
Yuanlin Zheng, Xianfeng Chen
ABSTRACT Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI), by taking advantage of versatile properties of lithium niobate (LN) and a large refractive index contrast, provides an ideal on-chip platform for studying a broad range of optical effects as well as developing various superior photonic devices. It is a game-changer technology for traditional LN-based applications. Especially, with recent advances in the fabrication of high-quality micro-/nano-structures and devices on the LNOI platform, LN-based integrated photonics has been propelled to new heights. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances in lithium niobate thin film (LNTF), with a special focus on nonlinear wave mixing and their photonics applications. Different types of second- and third-order nonlinear processes in LNOI micro- and nano-structures are reviewed, including nonlinear frequency conversion, frequency comb generation and supercontinuum generation. Furthermore, perspectives for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on the LNOI platform in nonlinear optics regime are predicted.
{"title":"Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film","authors":"Yuanlin Zheng, Xianfeng Chen","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1889402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1889402","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI), by taking advantage of versatile properties of lithium niobate (LN) and a large refractive index contrast, provides an ideal on-chip platform for studying a broad range of optical effects as well as developing various superior photonic devices. It is a game-changer technology for traditional LN-based applications. Especially, with recent advances in the fabrication of high-quality micro-/nano-structures and devices on the LNOI platform, LN-based integrated photonics has been propelled to new heights. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances in lithium niobate thin film (LNTF), with a special focus on nonlinear wave mixing and their photonics applications. Different types of second- and third-order nonlinear processes in LNOI micro- and nano-structures are reviewed, including nonlinear frequency conversion, frequency comb generation and supercontinuum generation. Furthermore, perspectives for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on the LNOI platform in nonlinear optics regime are predicted.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1889402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43429837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1873860
S. Kawata
ABSTRACT Direct-drive heavy ion beam (HIB) inertial confinement fusion (ICF), or HIF would be a promising future energy source for society. Particle accelerators produce HIBs with precise particle energies, pulse lengths and pulse shapes with high energy efficiencies of ~30-40%. Higher energy driver efficiency means that a lower fusion energy output is required to construct a HIF power station to supply ~1 GW of electricity. A HIF power station could use about 4 to 5 MJ of HIB energy per shot at a shot rate of ~10 Hz. This review is focused on the direct-drive scheme in HIF. In direct-drive fuel target HIBs deposit their energy into a shell surrounded by a denser tamping outer layer. The DT (Deuterium-Tritium) fusion fuel, with a total mass of several mg, must be compressed to about one thousand times solid density to reduce the input driver energy and to achieve an adequate burn fraction. High-density compression is a major challenge in ICF, requiring that non-uniformity in driver energy deposition be kept lower than a few percent. The axis of an HIB can be made to oscillate sufficiently rapidly to improve the uniformity of energy deposition. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Direct-drive heavy ion beam inertial confinement fusion: a review, toward our future energy source","authors":"S. Kawata","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1873860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1873860","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Direct-drive heavy ion beam (HIB) inertial confinement fusion (ICF), or HIF would be a promising future energy source for society. Particle accelerators produce HIBs with precise particle energies, pulse lengths and pulse shapes with high energy efficiencies of ~30-40%. Higher energy driver efficiency means that a lower fusion energy output is required to construct a HIF power station to supply ~1 GW of electricity. A HIF power station could use about 4 to 5 MJ of HIB energy per shot at a shot rate of ~10 Hz. This review is focused on the direct-drive scheme in HIF. In direct-drive fuel target HIBs deposit their energy into a shell surrounded by a denser tamping outer layer. The DT (Deuterium-Tritium) fusion fuel, with a total mass of several mg, must be compressed to about one thousand times solid density to reduce the input driver energy and to achieve an adequate burn fraction. High-density compression is a major challenge in ICF, requiring that non-uniformity in driver energy deposition be kept lower than a few percent. The axis of an HIB can be made to oscillate sufficiently rapidly to improve the uniformity of energy deposition. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1873860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41949890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1884133
Haijiao Ji, Haiwen Liu, Hua Jiang, Xincheng Xie
ABSTRACT Disorder effects inevitably exist in realistic samples, manifesting in various physical properties. In this paper, we review the recent progress in understanding the disorder effects on quantum transport and quantum phase transition properties in low-dimensional superconducting and topological systems. As a consequence of the pronounced quantum fluctuation in low-dimensional systems, rare events drastically change the physical characteristics and underlying microscopic transport process in these systems, which are beyond the traditional paradigms. Associating with recent experimental observations, we emphasize the microscopic mechanism for disordered Ising superconductivity, the quantum Griffiths singularity of superconductor metal transition and the discrete scale invariance in topological materials. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Disorder effects on quantum transport and quantum phase transition in low-dimensional superconducting and topological systems","authors":"Haijiao Ji, Haiwen Liu, Hua Jiang, Xincheng Xie","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1884133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1884133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Disorder effects inevitably exist in realistic samples, manifesting in various physical properties. In this paper, we review the recent progress in understanding the disorder effects on quantum transport and quantum phase transition properties in low-dimensional superconducting and topological systems. As a consequence of the pronounced quantum fluctuation in low-dimensional systems, rare events drastically change the physical characteristics and underlying microscopic transport process in these systems, which are beyond the traditional paradigms. Associating with recent experimental observations, we emphasize the microscopic mechanism for disordered Ising superconductivity, the quantum Griffiths singularity of superconductor metal transition and the discrete scale invariance in topological materials. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1884133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43040576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1834452
I. Levchenko, Shuyan Xu, O. Cherkun, O. Baranov, K. Bazaka
ABSTRACT Plasma and metamaterials: what new advances in space micro-propulsion systems can they bring when used together? The aim of this concise review article is to attract attention of the space propulsion scientists and engineers, along with experts working in the fields of micro-machines, optics, communication, and other hi-tech devices, to the opportunities that arise from different possible combinations of plasma and metamaterials. Along with plasma-based techniques used for the fabrication of complex metamaterials, we examine two unusual plasma/metamaterial systems, namely when plasma interacts with a metamaterial, and when plasma itself features some properties of a metamaterial. The fundamental physics behind the principal processes that define the behavior of these systems is briefly outlined. Possible applications in space technology, mainly for micro-propulsion systems for Cubesats and small satellites are also sketched.
{"title":"Plasma meets metamaterials: Three ways to advance space micropropulsion systems","authors":"I. Levchenko, Shuyan Xu, O. Cherkun, O. Baranov, K. Bazaka","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1834452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1834452","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Plasma and metamaterials: what new advances in space micro-propulsion systems can they bring when used together? The aim of this concise review article is to attract attention of the space propulsion scientists and engineers, along with experts working in the fields of micro-machines, optics, communication, and other hi-tech devices, to the opportunities that arise from different possible combinations of plasma and metamaterials. Along with plasma-based techniques used for the fabrication of complex metamaterials, we examine two unusual plasma/metamaterial systems, namely when plasma interacts with a metamaterial, and when plasma itself features some properties of a metamaterial. The fundamental physics behind the principal processes that define the behavior of these systems is briefly outlined. Possible applications in space technology, mainly for micro-propulsion systems for Cubesats and small satellites are also sketched.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1834452","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44582779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1932589
Mahmoud Moqadam, Thibault Tubiana, Emmanuel E. Moutoussamy, N. Reuter
ABSTRACT Peripheral membrane proteins (PMPs) bind temporarily to the surface of biological membranes. They also exist in a soluble form and their tertiary structure is often known. Yet, their membrane-bound form and their interfacial-binding site with membrane lipids remain difficult to observe directly. Their binding and unbinding mechanism, the conformational changes of the PMPs and their influence on the membrane structure are notoriously challenging to study experimentally. Molecular dynamics simulations are particularly useful to fill some knowledge-gaps and provide hypothesis that can be experimentally challenged to further our understanding of PMP-membrane recognition. Because of the time-scales of PMP-membrane binding events and the computational costs associated with molecular dynamics simulations, membrane models at different levels of resolution are used and often combined in multiscale simulation strategies. We here review membrane models belonging to three classes: atomistic, coarse-grained and implicit. Differences between models are rooted in the underlying theories and the reference data they are parameterized against. The choice of membrane model should therefore not only be guided by its computational efficiency. The range of applications of each model is discussed and illustrated using examples from the literature. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Membrane models for molecular simulations of peripheral membrane proteins","authors":"Mahmoud Moqadam, Thibault Tubiana, Emmanuel E. Moutoussamy, N. Reuter","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1932589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1932589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Peripheral membrane proteins (PMPs) bind temporarily to the surface of biological membranes. They also exist in a soluble form and their tertiary structure is often known. Yet, their membrane-bound form and their interfacial-binding site with membrane lipids remain difficult to observe directly. Their binding and unbinding mechanism, the conformational changes of the PMPs and their influence on the membrane structure are notoriously challenging to study experimentally. Molecular dynamics simulations are particularly useful to fill some knowledge-gaps and provide hypothesis that can be experimentally challenged to further our understanding of PMP-membrane recognition. Because of the time-scales of PMP-membrane binding events and the computational costs associated with molecular dynamics simulations, membrane models at different levels of resolution are used and often combined in multiscale simulation strategies. We here review membrane models belonging to three classes: atomistic, coarse-grained and implicit. Differences between models are rooted in the underlying theories and the reference data they are parameterized against. The choice of membrane model should therefore not only be guided by its computational efficiency. The range of applications of each model is discussed and illustrated using examples from the literature. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1932589","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42890620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559
Si-Yuan Bai, Chong Chen, Hong Wu, J. An
ABSTRACT Quantum technology resorts to efficient utilization of quantum resources to realize technique innovation. The systems are controlled such that their states follow the desired manners to realize different quantum protocols. However, the decoherence caused by the system-environment interactions causes the states deviating from the desired manners. How to protect quantum resources under the coexistence of active control and passive decoherence is of significance. Recent studies have revealed that the decoherence is determined by the feature of the system-environment energy spectrum: Accompanying the formation of bound states in the energy spectrum, the decoherence can be suppressed. It supplies a guideline to control decoherence. Such idea can be generalized to systems under periodic driving. By virtue of manipulating Floquet bound states in the quasienergy spectrum, coherent control via periodic driving dubbed as Floquet engineering has become a versatile tool not only in controlling decoherence, but also in artificially synthesizing exotic topological phases. We will review the progress on quantum control in open and periodically driven systems. Special attention will be paid to the distinguished role played by the bound states and their controllability via periodic driving in suppressing decoherence and generating novel topological phases.
{"title":"Quantum control in open and periodically driven systems","authors":"Si-Yuan Bai, Chong Chen, Hong Wu, J. An","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Quantum technology resorts to efficient utilization of quantum resources to realize technique innovation. The systems are controlled such that their states follow the desired manners to realize different quantum protocols. However, the decoherence caused by the system-environment interactions causes the states deviating from the desired manners. How to protect quantum resources under the coexistence of active control and passive decoherence is of significance. Recent studies have revealed that the decoherence is determined by the feature of the system-environment energy spectrum: Accompanying the formation of bound states in the energy spectrum, the decoherence can be suppressed. It supplies a guideline to control decoherence. Such idea can be generalized to systems under periodic driving. By virtue of manipulating Floquet bound states in the quasienergy spectrum, coherent control via periodic driving dubbed as Floquet engineering has become a versatile tool not only in controlling decoherence, but also in artificially synthesizing exotic topological phases. We will review the progress on quantum control in open and periodically driven systems. Special attention will be paid to the distinguished role played by the bound states and their controllability via periodic driving in suppressing decoherence and generating novel topological phases.","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46354728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Topological photonics is an emerging field that attracts enormous interest for its novel ways to engineer the flow of light. With the help of topological protection, the surface modes of topological photonic systems have intriguing properties, such as the unidirectional propagation, robust transmission against defects and disorders, which meet the rapidly growing demands for information processing. Valley photonic crystals, as one kind of topological photonic systems, not only support protected surface modes, but also are friendly to micro-nano fabrication. These advantages show that it has broad prospects in constructing high-performance photonic devices or even photonic integrated circuits. Here, we review the properties and development of valley photonic crystals. Firstly, the theory and structure are briefly introduced and then the discussion of robust transmission will be followed. Furthermore, prototypes of on-chip devices based on valley photonic crystals are reviewed. As a perspective in photonics, valley photonic crystal is expected to become a good platform to study nanophotonics and realize advancing integrated photonics devices. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Valley photonic crystals","authors":"Jian-Wei Liu, Fulong Shi, Xin-Tao He, Guo-Jing Tang, Wen-Jie Chen, Xiaodong Chen, Jianwen Dong","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2021.1905546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2021.1905546","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Topological photonics is an emerging field that attracts enormous interest for its novel ways to engineer the flow of light. With the help of topological protection, the surface modes of topological photonic systems have intriguing properties, such as the unidirectional propagation, robust transmission against defects and disorders, which meet the rapidly growing demands for information processing. Valley photonic crystals, as one kind of topological photonic systems, not only support protected surface modes, but also are friendly to micro-nano fabrication. These advantages show that it has broad prospects in constructing high-performance photonic devices or even photonic integrated circuits. Here, we review the properties and development of valley photonic crystals. Firstly, the theory and structure are briefly introduced and then the discussion of robust transmission will be followed. Furthermore, prototypes of on-chip devices based on valley photonic crystals are reviewed. As a perspective in photonics, valley photonic crystal is expected to become a good platform to study nanophotonics and realize advancing integrated photonics devices. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2021.1905546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45466844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795
T. Nagy, P. Simon, L. Veisz
ABSTRACT Contemporary ultrafast science requires reliable sources of high-energy few-cycle light pulses. Currently two methods are capable of generating such pulses: post compression of short laser pulses and optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA). Here we give a comprehensive overview on the post-compression technology based on optical Kerr-effect or ionization, with particular emphasis on energy and power scaling. Relevant types of post compression techniques are discussed including free propagation in bulk materials, multiple-plate continuum generation, multi-pass cells, filaments, photonic-crystal fibers, hollow-core fibers and self-compression techniques. We provide a short theoretical overview of the physics as well as an in-depth description of existing experimental realizations of post compression, especially those that can provide few-cycle pulse duration with mJ-scale pulse energy. The achieved experimental performances of these methods are compared in terms of important figures of merit such as pulse energy, pulse duration, peak power and average power. We give some perspectives at the end to emphasize the expected future trends of this technology. Graphical abstract
{"title":"High-energy few-cycle pulses: post-compression techniques","authors":"T. Nagy, P. Simon, L. Veisz","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contemporary ultrafast science requires reliable sources of high-energy few-cycle light pulses. Currently two methods are capable of generating such pulses: post compression of short laser pulses and optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA). Here we give a comprehensive overview on the post-compression technology based on optical Kerr-effect or ionization, with particular emphasis on energy and power scaling. Relevant types of post compression techniques are discussed including free propagation in bulk materials, multiple-plate continuum generation, multi-pass cells, filaments, photonic-crystal fibers, hollow-core fibers and self-compression techniques. We provide a short theoretical overview of the physics as well as an in-depth description of existing experimental realizations of post compression, especially those that can provide few-cycle pulse duration with mJ-scale pulse energy. The achieved experimental performances of these methods are compared in terms of important figures of merit such as pulse energy, pulse duration, peak power and average power. We give some perspectives at the end to emphasize the expected future trends of this technology. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":7374,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Physics: X","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23746149.2020.1845795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42064481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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