Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101026
Anastasia N. Golysheva , Tatyana S. Belousova , Elizaveta A. Lantsova , Vyacheslav A. Arlyapov , Bogdan Ya. Karlinskii , Valentine P. Ananikov
Accumulation of furanic aldehydes, including furfural (FF) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), poses a major bottleneck in some microbial conversions of lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol. These compounds significantly impair microbial activity in both biofuel fermentation and industrial wastewater treatment systems. In this study, a microbial consortium composed of Rhodococcus erythropolis Ac-858, Rhodococcus fascians Ac-1462, and Pseudomonas veronii B-877 was developed and evaluated for its capacity to biodegrade FF and HMF under model bioreactor conditions. The consortium demonstrated complete degradation of FF (4 g/L) within 48 hours under aerobic conditions and substantial conversion of HMF to non-toxic intermediates. Distinct metabolic pathways were observed depending on aeration intensity: FF and HMF were reduced to furfuryl alcohol and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) under aerobic conditions, while oxidation under oxygen limitation produced furoic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The synergistic action between P. veronii (reductive) and Rhodococcus spp. (oxidative) was confirmed. Scanning electron microscopy and fractal analysis revealed significant morphological stress responses to furanic aldehydes, with species-specific adaptation patterns. Phytotoxicity tests with Lepidium sativum (watercress) and Lemna spp. (duckweed) showed that the treated culture fluid, after appropriate dilution, met safety thresholds for environmental discharge. This study introduces a biologically based strategy for efficient removal of furanic inhibitors in bioethanol production and industrial effluents, with potential scalability and compliance with discharge regulations. The findings offer a promising route toward improving the environmental sustainability and economic viability of biorefinery and wastewater treatment technologies.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Furanic aldehydes by a bacterial consortium: Toward sustainable biofuel production and industrial wastewater detoxification","authors":"Anastasia N. Golysheva , Tatyana S. Belousova , Elizaveta A. Lantsova , Vyacheslav A. Arlyapov , Bogdan Ya. Karlinskii , Valentine P. Ananikov","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accumulation of furanic aldehydes, including furfural (FF) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), poses a major bottleneck in some microbial conversions of lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol. These compounds significantly impair microbial activity in both biofuel fermentation and industrial wastewater treatment systems. In this study, a microbial consortium composed of <em>Rhodococcus erythropolis</em> Ac-858, <em>Rhodococcus fascians</em> Ac-1462, and <em>Pseudomonas veronii</em> B-877 was developed and evaluated for its capacity to biodegrade FF and HMF under model bioreactor conditions. The consortium demonstrated complete degradation of FF (4 g/L) within 48 hours under aerobic conditions and substantial conversion of HMF to non-toxic intermediates. Distinct metabolic pathways were observed depending on aeration intensity: FF and HMF were reduced to furfuryl alcohol and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) under aerobic conditions, while oxidation under oxygen limitation produced furoic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The synergistic action between <em>P. veronii</em> (reductive) and <em>Rhodococcus spp.</em> (oxidative) was confirmed. Scanning electron microscopy and fractal analysis revealed significant morphological stress responses to furanic aldehydes, with species-specific adaptation patterns. Phytotoxicity tests with <em>Lepidium sativum</em> (watercress) and <em>Lemna spp.</em> (duckweed) showed that the treated culture fluid, after appropriate dilution, met safety thresholds for environmental discharge. This study introduces a biologically based strategy for efficient removal of furanic inhibitors in bioethanol production and industrial effluents, with potential scalability and compliance with discharge regulations. The findings offer a promising route toward improving the environmental sustainability and economic viability of biorefinery and wastewater treatment technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101026"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101027
Bryanah Hack, Maxwell Simmons, Mitchell Kovacic, Marissa Krukowski, David Dan
We report a method for the detection of low activities of β- and γ-emitters via radiation-induced polymerization monitored by Ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. This technique demonstrates a correlation between 137Cs activity and polymerization rate, allowing reliable radiometric quantification in aqueous samples (minimum level of detection = 2.88 μCi/L) with an accuracy of approximately 94%.
{"title":"Utilizing UV–Vis spectroscopy to detect and quantify ionizing radiation","authors":"Bryanah Hack, Maxwell Simmons, Mitchell Kovacic, Marissa Krukowski, David Dan","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a method for the detection of low activities of β- and γ-emitters via radiation-induced polymerization monitored by Ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. This technique demonstrates a correlation between <sup>137</sup>Cs activity and polymerization rate, allowing reliable radiometric quantification in aqueous samples (minimum level of detection = 2.88 μCi/L) with an accuracy of approximately 94%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101027"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101025
Mingxin Qu , Zhi Chen , Youyu Lu , Kenneth Lee , Qiang Hu
In-situ burning (ISB) represents a rapid and operationally efficient method for responding to marine oil spills, although the environmental consequences of its residues remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes existing evidence on the composition, fate, and effects of ISB residues, with particular focus on the understudied processes of marine oil snow (MOS) formation and benthic deposition. ISB residues differ chemically from parent oils, typically showing enrichment in higher-molecular-weight and oxygenated compounds. However, substantial uncertainties persist concerning their environmental persistence, transport dynamics (including sinking, resuspension, and integration with MOS), and ecotoxicological impacts on pelagic and benthic organisms. These knowledge gaps are exacerbated by the scarcity of standardized sampling and toxicity testing protocols, which often fail to adequately capture particle-mediated exposure pathways. We propose a three-part framework: (i) multi-temporal remote sensing imagery for residue detection and early warning systems; (ii) high-resolution chemical characterization extending beyond parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), coupled with standardized water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and particle-associated toxicity assays; and (iii) fate and transport models tailored to incorporate ISB residue parameters for operational applications. Standardization of analytical methods and model parameters with existing regulatory frameworks will enable quantitative trade-off analyses between atmospheric emissions and subsurface/benthic contamination risks. Ultimately, this framework elucidates scenarios in which ISB may alleviate acute dissolved-phase exposures while potentially redirecting risks toward chronic, sediment-associated pathways, thereby advancing evidence-based strategies for sustainable oil-spill response.
{"title":"Environmental hazards, risks, and management options of in situ burning residues from oil spills: A systematic review and future perspectives","authors":"Mingxin Qu , Zhi Chen , Youyu Lu , Kenneth Lee , Qiang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In-situ burning (ISB) represents a rapid and operationally efficient method for responding to marine oil spills, although the environmental consequences of its residues remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes existing evidence on the composition, fate, and effects of ISB residues, with particular focus on the understudied processes of marine oil snow (MOS) formation and benthic deposition. ISB residues differ chemically from parent oils, typically showing enrichment in higher-molecular-weight and oxygenated compounds. However, substantial uncertainties persist concerning their environmental persistence, transport dynamics (including sinking, resuspension, and integration with MOS), and ecotoxicological impacts on pelagic and benthic organisms. These knowledge gaps are exacerbated by the scarcity of standardized sampling and toxicity testing protocols, which often fail to adequately capture particle-mediated exposure pathways. We propose a three-part framework: (i) multi-temporal remote sensing imagery for residue detection and early warning systems; (ii) high-resolution chemical characterization extending beyond parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), coupled with standardized water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and particle-associated toxicity assays; and (iii) fate and transport models tailored to incorporate ISB residue parameters for operational applications. Standardization of analytical methods and model parameters with existing regulatory frameworks will enable quantitative trade-off analyses between atmospheric emissions and subsurface/benthic contamination risks. Ultimately, this framework elucidates scenarios in which ISB may alleviate acute dissolved-phase exposures while potentially redirecting risks toward chronic, sediment-associated pathways, thereby advancing evidence-based strategies for sustainable oil-spill response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101025"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101023
Oluwatobi Victoria Obayomi , Lukman Shehu Mustapha , Kehinde Shola Obayomi , Mina Dokouhaki , Jianhua Zhang
The transition to sustainable and circular food systems is essential to addressing global challenges such as resource depletion, food waste, and environmental pollution. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions across multiple stages of the food value chain, aligning with circular economy principles. This review explores the multifaceted role of nanotechnology in enhancing food system sustainability across production, preservation, waste valorization, and resource recovery. In agriculture, nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides improve nutrient use efficiency and pest management while minimizing environmental residues. Nano-enabled packaging and coatings offer extended shelf life, spoilage detection, and reduction in postharvest losses. Furthermore, food and agricultural waste can be converted into high-value bioactive or functional nanomaterials through nano-assisted extraction, catalysis, and upcycling. In water and nutrient management, nanomaterials facilitate the recovery of critical resources from wastewater, remediate polluted soils, and enable the safe reuse of treated water in agriculture. However, the deployment of nanotechnology in food systems is not without challenges. Concerns surrounding toxicity, environmental persistence, and regulatory ambiguity remain. This review highlights the potential of nanotechnology to advance food sustainability while emphasizing the importance of eco-safety, biodegradable nanomaterials, and robust governance frameworks to ensure responsible use across the value chain.
{"title":"Recent advance in nanotechnology for circular food systems: Innovations for sustainable production, waste valorization, and nutrient recovery","authors":"Oluwatobi Victoria Obayomi , Lukman Shehu Mustapha , Kehinde Shola Obayomi , Mina Dokouhaki , Jianhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to sustainable and circular food systems is essential to addressing global challenges such as resource depletion, food waste, and environmental pollution. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions across multiple stages of the food value chain, aligning with circular economy principles. This review explores the multifaceted role of nanotechnology in enhancing food system sustainability across production, preservation, waste valorization, and resource recovery. In agriculture, nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides improve nutrient use efficiency and pest management while minimizing environmental residues. Nano-enabled packaging and coatings offer extended shelf life, spoilage detection, and reduction in postharvest losses. Furthermore, food and agricultural waste can be converted into high-value bioactive or functional nanomaterials through nano-assisted extraction, catalysis, and upcycling. In water and nutrient management, nanomaterials facilitate the recovery of critical resources from wastewater, remediate polluted soils, and enable the safe reuse of treated water in agriculture. However, the deployment of nanotechnology in food systems is not without challenges. Concerns surrounding toxicity, environmental persistence, and regulatory ambiguity remain. This review highlights the potential of nanotechnology to advance food sustainability while emphasizing the importance of eco-safety, biodegradable nanomaterials, and robust governance frameworks to ensure responsible use across the value chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101023"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is increasingly employed for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor air. A growing body of evidence indicates that PCO can generate toxic by-products, including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, and other hazardous compounds. These by-products are recognized environmental contaminants with established carcinogenic and other adverse health effects. This review examines the key determinants of by-product formation—indoor VOC concentrations, relative humidity, light irradiance, and catalyst surface properties—with emphasis on indoor-relevant concentration ranges. The health risks associated with these by-products are assessed using metrics such as the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). Calculations based on literature-derived datasets indicate that these indicators often exceed acceptable thresholds, suggesting potential health concerns associated with the PCO technology. Furthermore, evaluations of commercially available PCO-based air cleaners show that some devices may emit more by-products than they remove, resulting in a net degradation of indoor air quality. To support safer deployment, mitigation routes are outlined—operational optimization, catalyst engineering, and integrated adsorptive stages—complemented by predictive modeling to identify safe, energy-efficient operating windows. Based on current evidence, widespread residential deployment of PCO-based air cleaners warrants further evaluation; priorities include long-term exposure assessment under realistic loads, refinement and validation of predictive models, and field confirmation that engineered operating windows reliably control by-products without compromising indoor air quality.
{"title":"Photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs: Assessing health risks and mitigation strategies for safer indoor air environment","authors":"Madi Smaiyl , Bagdat Satybaldiyev , Fariborz Haghighat , Alireza Haghighat Mamaghani , Bolat Uralbekov","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is increasingly employed for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor air. A growing body of evidence indicates that PCO can generate toxic by-products, including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, and other hazardous compounds. These by-products are recognized environmental contaminants with established carcinogenic and other adverse health effects. This review examines the key determinants of by-product formation—indoor VOC concentrations, relative humidity, light irradiance, and catalyst surface properties—with emphasis on indoor-relevant concentration ranges. The health risks associated with these by-products are assessed using metrics such as the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). Calculations based on literature-derived datasets indicate that these indicators often exceed acceptable thresholds, suggesting potential health concerns associated with the PCO technology. Furthermore, evaluations of commercially available PCO-based air cleaners show that some devices may emit more by-products than they remove, resulting in a net degradation of indoor air quality. To support safer deployment, mitigation routes are outlined—operational optimization, catalyst engineering, and integrated adsorptive stages—complemented by predictive modeling to identify safe, energy-efficient operating windows. Based on current evidence, widespread residential deployment of PCO-based air cleaners warrants further evaluation; priorities include long-term exposure assessment under realistic loads, refinement and validation of predictive models, and field confirmation that engineered operating windows reliably control by-products without compromising indoor air quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101022
Ganesh Pattan-Siddappa , Saheed E. Elugoke , Yong Hae Heo , Sang-Youn Kim , Eno E. Ebenso
Herein, flexible and disposable electrochemical sensor for 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) was fabricated through the surface oxygen functionalization of a bare carbon cloth electrode (BCCE). The oxygen-functionalized carbon cloth electrode (OFCCE) and the BCCE were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). OFCCE showed higher electronic conductivity and greater electrocatalytic activity for 4-NP reduction than the BCCE. The limit of detection (LOD) of 4-NP at OFCCE was 12.45 nM within a linear dynamic range of 0.16 – 2.65 μM. The percentage recovery of 4-NP from tap water at OFCCE was within the range of 97.80 – 100.73 %. OFCCE demonstrated outstanding anti-interference properties in the presence of notable interferons in addition to its remarkable 92 % peak current retention after 25 days of regular 4-NP electroanalysis at 5 days interval. The low detection limit, good shelf-life and the ease of fabricating OFCCE confirm its suitability for routine 4-NP electroanalysis in water samples.
{"title":"Surface tuning strategy: Functionalized carbon cloth as flexible and disposable sensor for 4-nitrophenol","authors":"Ganesh Pattan-Siddappa , Saheed E. Elugoke , Yong Hae Heo , Sang-Youn Kim , Eno E. Ebenso","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, flexible and disposable electrochemical sensor for 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) was fabricated through the surface oxygen functionalization of a bare carbon cloth electrode (BCCE). The oxygen-functionalized carbon cloth electrode (OFCCE) and the BCCE were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). OFCCE showed higher electronic conductivity and greater electrocatalytic activity for 4-NP reduction than the BCCE. The limit of detection (LOD) of 4-NP at OFCCE was 12.45 nM within a linear dynamic range of 0.16 – 2.65 μM. The percentage recovery of 4-NP from tap water at OFCCE was within the range of 97.80 – 100.73 %. OFCCE demonstrated outstanding anti-interference properties in the presence of notable interferons in addition to its remarkable 92 % peak current retention after 25 days of regular 4-NP electroanalysis at 5 days interval. The low detection limit, good shelf-life and the ease of fabricating OFCCE confirm its suitability for routine 4-NP electroanalysis in water samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While the associations among particulate matters (PMs) exposure and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) have been studied, the potential protective effect role of perinatal sunlight exposure and its interaction with PMs on NHB remains unclear. Thus, we designed this study to investigate the impact of maternal PMs exposure and sunlight duration on NHB. We included 155,970 pregnant women and their singleton newborns (without ABO hemolytic disease) from two major obstetric hospitals in Shanghai. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effects of PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5–10, daily sunlight duration, and their interactive effects on NHB during different periods throughout the pregnancy. Our findings reveal that the risk of NHB was associated with increased exposure levels of PM2.5–10 (aOR: 1.081; 95%CI: 1.022, 1.144) and PM10 (aOR: 1.046; 95%CI: 1.018, 1.074) and decreased sunlight duration (aOR: 0.900; 95%CI: 0.870, 0.932) during the 3rd trimester. While NHB was not directly linked to PM2.5 exposure alone (aOR: 1.025, 95%CI: 0.988, 1.063), we identified a significant interaction between reduced sunlight duration and increased PM2.5 exposure during the 3rd trimester (P for interaction<0.001), as well as with PM2.5–10 (P for interaction=0.030) and PM10 (P for interaction=0.032). In conclusion, increased PM2.5–10 and PM10 exposure and decreased sunlight duration during late pregnancy were associated with NHB. Moreover, reduced sunlight duration had an interactive effect with increased concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5–10 on the incidence of NHB. Therefore, mitigating PMs exposure and ensuring adequate sunlight during pregnancy may help reduce the incidence of NHB.
{"title":"The impact of interaction between particulate matter and sunlight duration on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia","authors":"Jing-Jing Xu , Cheng Li , Si-Wei Zhang , Yanhui Hao , He-Feng Huang , Xia Meng , Haidong Kan , Yan-Ting Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the associations among particulate matters (PMs) exposure and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) have been studied, the potential protective effect role of perinatal sunlight exposure and its interaction with PMs on NHB remains unclear. Thus, we designed this study to investigate the impact of maternal PMs exposure and sunlight duration on NHB. We included 155,970 pregnant women and their singleton newborns (without ABO hemolytic disease) from two major obstetric hospitals in Shanghai. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and PM<sub>2.5–10</sub>, daily sunlight duration, and their interactive effects on NHB during different periods throughout the pregnancy. Our findings reveal that the risk of NHB was associated with increased exposure levels of PM<sub>2.5–10</sub> (aOR: 1.081; 95%CI: 1.022, 1.144) and PM<sub>10</sub> (aOR: 1.046; 95%CI: 1.018, 1.074) and decreased sunlight duration (aOR: 0.900; 95%CI: 0.870, 0.932) during the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester. While NHB was not directly linked to PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure alone (aOR: 1.025, 95%CI: 0.988, 1.063), we identified a significant interaction between reduced sunlight duration and increased PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure during the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester (P <sub>for interaction</sub><0.001), as well as with PM<sub>2.5–10</sub> (P <sub>for interaction</sub>=0.030) and PM<sub>10</sub> (P <sub>for interaction</sub>=0.032). In conclusion, increased PM<sub>2.5–10</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> exposure and decreased sunlight duration during late pregnancy were associated with NHB. Moreover, reduced sunlight duration had an interactive effect with increased concentrations of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and PM<sub>2.5–10</sub> on the incidence of NHB. Therefore, mitigating PMs exposure and ensuring adequate sunlight during pregnancy may help reduce the incidence of NHB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101021"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101016
Armando Zarrelli
Emerging contaminants (ECs) pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence and incomplete removal in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). During the disinfection stage – commonly chlorination with sodium hypochlorite – these compounds can transform into disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which are more toxic than the parent molecules. This review examines the environmental fate of sartans, a class of antihypertensive drugs increasingly detected in aquatic ecosystems. It analyzes the formation, degradation pathways, and ecotoxicological profiles of DBPs from Irbesartan, Olmesartan, and Candesartan. Results show that degradation typically initiates at side chains attached to the biphenyl moiety, producing recurrent DBPs that may serve as indicators of treatment efficiency. Ecotoxicity tests on Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri, and Raphidocelis subcapitata revealed that certain DBPs exhibit higher toxicity than their parent drugs, emphasizing the need for improved disinfection strategies to safeguard both environmental and public health.
{"title":"Environmental fate of sartans after treatment with sodium hypochlorite, the most widespread disinfection process","authors":"Armando Zarrelli","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging contaminants (ECs) pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence and incomplete removal in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). During the disinfection stage – commonly chlorination with sodium hypochlorite – these compounds can transform into disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which are more toxic than the parent molecules. This review examines the environmental fate of sartans, a class of antihypertensive drugs increasingly detected in aquatic ecosystems. It analyzes the formation, degradation pathways, and ecotoxicological profiles of DBPs from Irbesartan, Olmesartan, and Candesartan. Results show that degradation typically initiates at side chains attached to the biphenyl moiety, producing recurrent DBPs that may serve as indicators of treatment efficiency. Ecotoxicity tests on <em>Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri</em>, and <em>Raphidocelis subcapitata</em> revealed that certain DBPs exhibit higher toxicity than their parent drugs, emphasizing the need for improved disinfection strategies to safeguard both environmental and public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101016"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101017
Mahir Tajwar , Sidratul Muntaha , Asif Ashraf , Md Sahidul Islam , Subrota Kumar Saha
Microplastic (MP) contamination poses an emerging ecological threat in small-island environments, yet polymer-specific risk assessments remain limited for the Bay of Bengal region. This study provides the first integrated, polymer-resolved evaluation of microplastics in coastal sediments of St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh. A total of 298 suspected MPs were isolated through stereomicroscopy, of which 250 particles were confirmed through ATR-FTIR (≥89% spectral match). Fibres and fragments dominated the assemblage, with high abundances observed in tourism-intensive beaches (S1–S4, S12) and fishing-dominated zones (S8–S11). Polymer profiles were characterized by the predominance of PE, PP, PET, and PVC. Four complementary ecological risk metrics, Pollution Load Index (PLI), Polymer Hazard Index (PHI), Sediment Polymer Hazard Index (SPHI), and the Microplastic Pollution Risk Index (MPRI), identified localized hotspots of elevated risk, particularly at tourism and active fishing sites. Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed clear clustering patterns associated with site-use categories, while machine-learning classifiers (Random Forest, SVM, KNN) accurately distinguished tourism, fishing, and low-use zones based on MP morphology, color, polymer type, and abundance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that anthropogenic pressure strongly shapes microplastic composition and hazard profiles on St. Martin’s Island. The integrated risk-index and ML framework presented here provides a robust, reproducible approach for coastal microplastic monitoring in data-limited regions and can support targeted management and mitigation strategies in vulnerable island ecosystems.
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Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101009
Yuyu Zheng , Xinyu Zhu , Mengya Xu , Kaiqin Huang , Xinqi Jiang , Wanlu Liu , Baihao Lin , Yujia Yang , Hao Deng , Nada Alhazmi , Kang Liu , Shengtao Ma , Yansen Bai , Hank-Han Wang
Background
The incidence of lung cancer in never-smokers (LCINS), predominantly manifesting as lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in females, has shown a steady rise. While endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) represent potential risk factors for LCINS, their specific contributions and underlying toxicological mechanisms remain poorly characterized.
Methods
We conducted a case-control study involving 196 LCINS cases (including 166 LUAD) and 191 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of 19 EDCs across five categories (alkylphenols, bisphenols, parabens, benzophenones, and antibacterial agents) were quantified. Associations were evaluated using both single-exposure models (logistic regression with FDR adjustment) and mixture exposure models (generalized weighted quantile sum, gWQS) to identify high-risk EDC categories and key individual EDC links to LUAD in never-smokers. Roles of systemic inflammation were assessed through effect modification and mediation analysis, and network toxicology approaches were employed to elucidate pathways and hub genes.
Results
EDC mixture showed significant positive associations with LUAD risk in never-smokers, particularly for Σalkylphenols (OR = 1.34, q < 0.05) and Σbisphenols (OR = 1.28, q < 0.05), with 4‑tert‑octylphenol (4‑tert‑OP) and bisphenol A (BPA) identified as key drivers. While neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) exhibited a dose-dependent relationship with LCINS risk (OR = 1.38, P = 0.007), neither interaction (Pinteraction > 0.05) nor mediation (Pmediation > 0.05) effect was observed between key EDCs and NLR. Integrative network toxicology revealed two mechanistic axes for 4‑tert‑OP/BPA-induced LUAD, including ligand-receptor interactions, cell proliferation, endocrine and cancer-related pathways. Hub gene analysis identified ESR1, AKT1, CASP3, and PTGS2 as central to BPA-LUAD associations, and AKT1, PTGS2, ESR1, MMP9, HSP90AA1, and BCL2 implicated in 4‑tert‑OP and LUAD interactions. These hub genes exhibited higher expressions in LUAD tissues and correlated with poor survival (HR > 1, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Our findings implicate alkylphenols (especially 4‑tert‑OP) and bisphenols (notably BPA) as key risk factors for LUAD in never-smokers, operating through endocrine disruption and carcinogenic pathways rather than systemic inflammation. The identified hub genes may serve as potential biomarkers for EDC-associated LUAD risk stratification.
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