Journal of hazardous materials advances最新文献_第10页

Photocatalytic oxidation of VOCs: Assessing health risks and mitigation strategies for safer indoor air environment 挥发性有机化合物的光催化氧化：评估健康风险和更安全室内空气环境的缓解战略

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101024

Madi Smaiyl , Bagdat Satybaldiyev , Fariborz Haghighat , Alireza Haghighat Mamaghani , Bolat Uralbekov

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is increasingly employed for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor air. A growing body of evidence indicates that PCO can generate toxic by-products, including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, and other hazardous compounds. These by-products are recognized environmental contaminants with established carcinogenic and other adverse health effects. This review examines the key determinants of by-product formation—indoor VOC concentrations, relative humidity, light irradiance, and catalyst surface properties—with emphasis on indoor-relevant concentration ranges. The health risks associated with these by-products are assessed using metrics such as the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). Calculations based on literature-derived datasets indicate that these indicators often exceed acceptable thresholds, suggesting potential health concerns associated with the PCO technology. Furthermore, evaluations of commercially available PCO-based air cleaners show that some devices may emit more by-products than they remove, resulting in a net degradation of indoor air quality. To support safer deployment, mitigation routes are outlined—operational optimization, catalyst engineering, and integrated adsorptive stages—complemented by predictive modeling to identify safe, energy-efficient operating windows. Based on current evidence, widespread residential deployment of PCO-based air cleaners warrants further evaluation; priorities include long-term exposure assessment under realistic loads, refinement and validation of predictive models, and field confirmation that engineered operating windows reliably control by-products without compromising indoor air quality.

光催化氧化（PCO）越来越多地用于去除室内空气中的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。越来越多的证据表明，PCO可以产生有毒的副产品，包括甲醛、乙醛、苯和其他有害化合物。这些副产品是公认的环境污染物，具有确定的致癌和其他有害健康影响。这篇综述研究了副产物形成的关键决定因素——室内VOC浓度、相对湿度、光辐照度和催化剂表面性质——重点是室内相关的浓度范围。使用危害商数（HQ）、危害指数（HI）和癌症风险（CR）等指标评估与这些副产品相关的健康风险。基于文献数据集的计算表明，这些指标往往超过可接受的阈值，表明与PCO技术相关的潜在健康问题。此外，对市售的pco空气净化器的评估表明，一些设备排放的副产品可能比它们去除的多，导致室内空气质量的净退化。为了支持更安全的部署，概述了缓解路线，包括操作优化、催化剂工程和集成吸附阶段，并辅以预测建模，以确定安全、节能的操作窗口。根据目前的证据，广泛的住宅部署基于pco的空气净化器值得进一步评估；优先事项包括在实际负荷下的长期暴露评估，预测模型的改进和验证，以及现场确认工程操作窗在不影响室内空气质量的情况下可靠地控制副产品。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental hazards, risks, and management options of in situ burning residues from oil spills: A systematic review and future perspectives 溢油现场燃烧残留物的环境危害、风险和管理选择：系统回顾和未来展望

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101025

Mingxin Qu , Zhi Chen , Youyu Lu , Kenneth Lee , Qiang Hu

In-situ burning (ISB) represents a rapid and operationally efficient method for responding to marine oil spills, although the environmental consequences of its residues remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes existing evidence on the composition, fate, and effects of ISB residues, with particular focus on the understudied processes of marine oil snow (MOS) formation and benthic deposition. ISB residues differ chemically from parent oils, typically showing enrichment in higher-molecular-weight and oxygenated compounds. However, substantial uncertainties persist concerning their environmental persistence, transport dynamics (including sinking, resuspension, and integration with MOS), and ecotoxicological impacts on pelagic and benthic organisms. These knowledge gaps are exacerbated by the scarcity of standardized sampling and toxicity testing protocols, which often fail to adequately capture particle-mediated exposure pathways. We propose a three-part framework: (i) multi-temporal remote sensing imagery for residue detection and early warning systems; (ii) high-resolution chemical characterization extending beyond parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), coupled with standardized water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and particle-associated toxicity assays; and (iii) fate and transport models tailored to incorporate ISB residue parameters for operational applications. Standardization of analytical methods and model parameters with existing regulatory frameworks will enable quantitative trade-off analyses between atmospheric emissions and subsurface/benthic contamination risks. Ultimately, this framework elucidates scenarios in which ISB may alleviate acute dissolved-phase exposures while potentially redirecting risks toward chronic, sediment-associated pathways, thereby advancing evidence-based strategies for sustainable oil-spill response.

就地燃烧（ISB）是一种快速有效的海洋石油泄漏处理方法，尽管其残留物对环境的影响尚不完全清楚。本文综述了ISB残留物的组成、命运和影响方面的现有证据，重点介绍了海洋油雪（MOS）形成和底栖生物沉积的过程。ISB残基在化学上与母油不同，通常表现为高分子量和含氧化合物的富集。然而，关于它们的环境持久性、运输动力学（包括下沉、再悬浮和与MOS的整合）以及对远洋和底栖生物的生态毒理学影响，仍存在大量不确定性。标准化采样和毒性测试方案的缺乏，往往不能充分捕捉颗粒介导的暴露途径，加剧了这些知识差距。我们提出了一个由三部分组成的框架：(i)用于残留物检测和预警系统的多时相遥感图像；（ii）超越母体多环芳烃（PAHs）的高分辨率化学表征，加上标准化的水适应分数（WAF）和颗粒相关毒性分析；以及（iii）为业务应用量身定制的包含ISB残留参数的命运和运输模型。分析方法和模型参数与现有监管框架的标准化将使大气排放与地下/底栖污染风险之间的定量权衡分析成为可能。最后，该框架阐明了ISB可能减轻急性溶相暴露的情景，同时可能将风险转向慢性、与沉积物相关的途径，从而推进以证据为基础的可持续溢油应对策略。

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引用次数: 0

Risk assessment and management of antimicrobial resistance in clinical and aquatic environments related to pandemics: A review 与流行病有关的临床和水生环境中抗菌素耐药性的风险评估和管理：综述

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100986

Xueqian Lyu , Qijia Xiao , Rong Cong , Fangyu Yi , Shuyi Sun , Xuneng Tong , Peng Jiang

The widespread misuse of antibiotics has accelerated the global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), posing a significant threat to human health and ecological safety. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic markedly altered AMR dynamics in both clinical and aquatic environments, further underscoring the need for a systematic understanding of these changes. However, current research lacks a systematic overview of their joint roles in driving AMR during the pandemic. Accordingly, this study focuses on both clinical and aquatic environment settings, providing a comprehensive review of how the pandemic has influenced AMR, AMR risk assessment methods, and historical and recent developments in AMR management related to such settings. Beyond synthesizing literature data on the progression of AMR research, pandemic-era AMR dynamics, and related AMR risk management strategies, this review highlights the implications of these insights for AMR risk assessment and management under global health emergencies. Based on the review, we compare the applications, advantages, and limitations of existing risk assessment methods, and call for strengthened cross-sectoral collaboration in the post-pandemic context to achieve sustainable disease surveillance and AMR management, addressing challenges across both aquatic environments and clinical systems. The managerial insights and outlook from this review may contribute to the development of risk management technologies and environmental policy concerning AMR mitigation, especially in the context of managing emerging contaminants in the post-pandemic era.

抗生素的广泛滥用加速了抗菌素耐药性的全球蔓延，对人类健康和生态安全构成重大威胁。2019年冠状病毒病大流行显著改变了临床和水生环境中的抗菌素耐药性动态，进一步强调了系统了解这些变化的必要性。然而，目前的研究缺乏对它们在大流行期间推动抗菌素耐药性方面共同作用的系统概述。因此，本研究侧重于临床和水生环境环境，全面审查了大流行如何影响抗菌素耐药性、抗菌素耐药性风险评估方法以及与此类环境相关的抗菌素耐药性管理的历史和近期发展。除了综合有关抗菌素耐药性研究进展、大流行时期抗菌素耐药性动态和相关抗菌素耐药性风险管理策略的文献数据外，本综述还强调了这些见解对全球突发卫生事件下抗菌素耐药性风险评估和管理的意义。在此基础上，我们比较了现有风险评估方法的应用、优势和局限性，并呼吁在大流行后背景下加强跨部门合作，实现可持续的疾病监测和抗菌素耐药性管理，应对水生环境和临床系统的挑战。本综述的管理见解和前景可能有助于制定风险管理技术和环境政策，特别是在大流行后时代管理新出现的污染物方面。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting Atherogenic index of plasma risk from long-term spatiotemporal air pollution exposure using an attention-based deep learning 使用基于注意力的深度学习预测长期时空空气污染暴露的血浆风险致动脉粥样硬化指数

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101003

Cheng-Hong Yang , Kuei-Hau Luo , Po-Hung Chen , Ting-Jen Hseuh , Li-Yeh Chuang , Hung-Yi Chuang

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Accumulating epidemiological and toxicological evidence indicates that exposure to air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), significantly elevates the risk of cardiovascular events through multiple biological mechanisms, including autonomic dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and activation of coagulation pathways. In this study, we developed an Attention-Gated Recurrent Unit (AGRU) model to predict the risk of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and to investigate its association with ambient air pollutant exposures. Air quality data were obtained from 86 Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) monitoring stations across Taiwan from 2005 to 2024 and were linked with individual-level data from the Taiwan Biobank. The predictive performance of the proposed AGRU model was benchmarked against six machine learning algorithms: Random Forest, Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT), CatBoost, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and HistGradientBoosting, as well as a conventional deep learning model, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The AGRU model achieved the highest overall accuracy (98.2%), outperforming all comparator models, particularly tree-based approaches and SVM. Importantly, the attention-based deep learning framework demonstrated clear advantages in capturing long-term exposure dynamics and in identifying influential features. Collectively, these findings enhance the mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular risk associated with environmental exposures and provide a robust scientific basis for precision medicine strategies aimed at early prevention and targeted health management in high-risk populations.

心血管疾病仍然是全世界死亡的主要原因。越来越多的流行病学和毒理学证据表明，暴露于空气污染，特别是细颗粒物（PM2.5），通过多种生物机制显著提高心血管事件的风险，包括自主神经失调、内皮功能障碍、全身炎症和凝血途径的激活。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个注意力门控复发单元（agu）模型来预测血浆动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）的风险，并研究其与环境空气污染物暴露的关系。空气质量数据来自2005年至2024年台湾86个环境保护署监测站，并与台湾生物库的个人数据相关联。提出的AGRU模型的预测性能与六种机器学习算法进行了基准测试：随机森林、梯度增强决策树（GBDT）、CatBoost、极端梯度增强（XGBoost）、支持向量机（SVM）和HistGradientBoosting，以及传统的深度学习模型门控循环单元（GRU）。使用准确性、精密度、召回率和f1评分来评估模型的性能。AGRU模型达到了最高的总体准确率（98.2%），优于所有比较模型，特别是基于树的方法和SVM。重要的是，基于注意力的深度学习框架在捕获长期暴露动态和识别有影响的特征方面显示出明显的优势。总的来说，这些发现增强了对环境暴露相关心血管风险的机制理解，并为针对高危人群的早期预防和有针对性的健康管理的精准医学策略提供了坚实的科学基础。

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引用次数: 0

Systematic evaluation of food design, treatments, packaging and storage conditions on microplastic concentrations in complex matrices 系统评价食品设计、处理、包装和储存条件对复杂基质中微塑料浓度的影响

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100972

Guyu Peng , Orasai Faikhaw , Bibiana Juan , Thorsten Reemtsma

Worldwide, 44 % of plastic products are used as packaging materials, exposing humans to micro(nano)plastics potentially through food ingestion. Here, we evaluated the microplastic concentrations throughout the pre-consumption phase, considering the effects of food design (milk, plant milk and orange juice), treatment (thermal), packaging (glass and polypropylene) and storage duration (0, 90 and 180 days). Due to the rich organic matter in food samples, >12 digestion protocols were tested and optimized to establish matrix-specific digestion protocols. Microplastics (> 10 μm) from milk, tiger nut milk and orange juice samples were quantified using micro-Fourier-transform infrared (µ-FTIR) imaging. The microplastic concentrations were 37 ± 34 n/100 mL milk, 18 ± 19 n/100 mL tiger nut milk, and 62 ± 68 n/100 mL orange juice samples, suggesting that acidic food environments released more microplastics. PP was the most frequently detected polymer, followed by polyethylene terephthalate fibers and polystyrene, indicating the contribution from plastic packaging and the ambient environment. No significant difference was observed among thermally treated and non-treated, or various storage duration groups for the three food types. A majority (69 %) of detected microplastics were below 50 µm. Chemometric analyses revealed spectral interference from the matrix with the IR spectra of plastic polymers. This study provides the first systematic evaluation of the MP concentrations across multiple food types during commercial food processing, packaging and storage steps pre-consumption, that determined human exposure to microplastics via food intake to guide future mitigation strategies.

在世界范围内，44%的塑料制品被用作包装材料，人类可能通过食物摄入而接触到微（纳米）塑料。在这里，我们评估了整个消费前阶段的微塑料浓度，考虑了食品设计（牛奶、植物奶和橙汁）、处理（热）、包装（玻璃和聚丙烯）和储存时间（0,90和180天）的影响。由于食品样品中含有丰富的有机物，我们对12种消化方案进行了测试和优化，以建立基质特异性消化方案。采用微傅里叶变换红外（µftir）成像技术对牛奶、虎坚果奶和橙汁样品中的微塑料（> 10 μm）进行定量分析。微塑料浓度分别为37±34 n/100 mL牛奶、18±19 n/100 mL虎坚果奶和62±68 n/100 mL橙汁样品，表明酸性食品环境释放的微塑料更多。PP是最常检测到的聚合物，其次是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维和聚苯乙烯，这表明塑料包装和周围环境的贡献。三种食品在热处理组和未热处理组、不同贮藏时间组间均无显著差异。大多数（69%）检测到的微塑料小于50µm。化学计量分析显示基质与塑料聚合物的红外光谱存在光谱干扰。本研究首次对商业食品加工、包装和储存过程中多种食品类型的微塑料浓度进行了系统评估，确定了人类通过食物摄入接触微塑料的情况，以指导未来的缓解策略。

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引用次数: 0

Mangrove ecosystems and microbial dynamics driving coastal heavy metal detoxification through phytoremediation 红树林生态系统和微生物动力学通过植物修复驱动沿海重金属解毒

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101047

Muhammad Kashif , Dan Wang , Can Meng , Feng Guo , Qi Liang , Jianhua Huang , Tingmei Li , Yujia Luo , Chengjian Jiang

Heavy metal (HM) contamination, including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr), poses a critical threat to coastal ecosystems due to industrial effluents, mining, agricultural runoff, and urban wastewater, leading to bioaccumulation, microbial disruption, and impaired nutrient cycling. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the role of mangrove ecosystems in mitigating HM pollution through phytoremediation, integrating plant physiological adaptations, molecular detoxification pathways, and microbial-assisted metal transformations. Mangroves exhibit species-level metal tolerance mechanisms, including vacuolar sequestration, leaf shedding, antioxidant enzyme activation (SOD, CAT, APX), and expression of metal-binding proteins, phytochelatins (PC) and metallothioneins (MT), which collectively reduce metal bioavailability and protect essential tissues. Rhizosphere microorganisms further enhance detoxification by transforming toxic metal species, producing chelators and siderophores, and stabilizing sediments. Our study demonstrates that Avicennia marina exhibits superior accumulation, antioxidant response, and microbe-assisted detoxification compared with Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia alba, highlighting the importance of species selection for effective coastal remediation. Environmental factors such as salinity, redox potential, sediment texture, and tidal dynamics critically influence metal mobility and phytoremediation efficiency. The study underscores that integrating plant-microbe interactions with ecological considerations enhances HM detoxification, maintains coastal ecosystem resilience, and reduces risks to human health. These findings provide mechanistic insights and actionable knowledge for developing targeted, sustainable, and microbe-assisted mangrove-based remediation strategies, advancing the scientific understanding and practical implementation of nature-based solutions for coastal pollution management.

重金属（HM）污染，包括镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）、汞（Hg）、砷（As）和铬（Cr），由于工业废水、采矿、农业径流和城市废水，对沿海生态系统构成严重威胁，导致生物积累、微生物破坏和营养循环受损。本文综述了红树林生态系统通过植物修复、整合植物生理适应、分子解毒途径和微生物辅助金属转化在减轻HM污染中的作用。红树林表现出物种水平的金属耐受机制，包括液泡固存、叶片脱落、抗氧化酶活化（SOD、CAT、APX）以及金属结合蛋白、植物螯合素（PC）和金属硫蛋白（MT）的表达，这些机制共同降低金属的生物利用度，保护重要组织。根际微生物通过转化有毒金属、产生螯合剂和铁载体以及稳定沉积物进一步增强解毒作用。我们的研究表明，与根霉和海桑相比，海桑具有更好的积累、抗氧化反应和微生物辅助解毒能力，这突出了物种选择对有效海岸修复的重要性。盐度、氧化还原电位、沉积物结构和潮汐动力学等环境因素对金属迁移和植物修复效率有重要影响。该研究强调，将植物与微生物的相互作用与生态考虑相结合，可以增强HM解毒，保持沿海生态系统的恢复力，并降低对人类健康的风险。这些发现为制定有针对性的、可持续的、微生物辅助的红树林修复策略提供了机制见解和可操作的知识，促进了基于自然的沿海污染管理解决方案的科学理解和实际实施。

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引用次数: 0

Elevated airborne submicron particle counts linked to direct evaporative cooling in greenhouses 空气中亚微米粒子数量的增加与温室的直接蒸发冷却有关

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101053

Seyit Uguz , Pradeep Kumar , Youwen Yang , Yajun Wu , Mazhar Sher , Xufei Yang

Direct evaporative cooling (DEC) systems are widely used for climate control in agricultural, industrial, and residential environments. However, prolonged operation can lead to mineral scaling and biofilm fouling on cooling pads. To mitigate these issues, chemical additives are commonly introduced into the recirculating water. During system operation, fine saline droplets, similar to those produced by atomization, may contribute to airborne submicron particle (SP) formation, a phenomenon not yet investigated. This study compared airborne SP counts and size distributions in a greenhouse during active versus idle periods and accessed spatial distributions using three outdoor and nine indoor monitoring locations. Results revealed that indoor SP counts averaged 3117 ± 223 particles/cm³ with the DEC system off and increased to 3437 ± 720 particles/cm³ when on, as measured using a TSI NanoScan SMPS. Similar trends were observed using a CPC 3007 (off: 5369 ± 271 particles/cm³; on: 6416 ± 1128 particles/cm³). SP counts increased significantly from 0.15 m downstream of the cooling pads to 2.1 m downstream, followed by a slight decrease at 4.0 m. This pattern contrasts with the gradual decline observed at these locations when the system was off. Particle size analysis revealed increased SP counts at 2.0 m downstream primarily occurred in the 11.5–27.5 nm, consistent with nanoparticles generated via atomization of diluted salt solutions. Overall, findings indicate that DEC operation can elevate airborne SP concentrations in built environments.

直接蒸发冷却（DEC）系统广泛应用于农业、工业和住宅环境的气候控制。然而，长时间的操作会导致冷却垫上的矿物结垢和生物膜污染。为了缓解这些问题，通常在循环水中引入化学添加剂。在系统运行过程中，细小的盐滴，类似于雾化产生的，可能会导致空气中的亚微米颗粒（SP）的形成，这一现象尚未研究。本研究比较了温室在活动和闲置期间空气中SP的数量和大小分布，并利用3个室外和9个室内监测点获取了空间分布。结果显示，使用TSI纳米扫描SMPS测量，在关闭DEC系统时，室内SP计数平均为3117±223个颗粒/cm3，打开时增加到3437±720个颗粒/cm3。使用CPC 3007也观察到类似的趋势（关闭：5369±271粒子/cm3；打开：6416±1128粒子/cm3）。从冷却垫下游0.15 m到2.1 m， SP计数显著增加，然后在4.0 m处略有下降。这种模式与系统关闭时在这些位置观察到的逐渐下降形成对比。粒径分析显示，SP数在下游2.0 m处增加主要发生在11.5-27.5 nm，这与稀释盐溶液雾化产生的纳米颗粒一致。总体而言，研究结果表明，DEC操作可以提高建筑环境中空气中的SP浓度。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering the impact of microplastics (MPs) on Himalayan agricultural soils: Current knowledge and future perspectives 解读微塑料（MPs）对喜马拉雅农业土壤的影响：当前的知识和未来的观点

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100991

Iqra Binti Ayoub , Shoukat Ara , Suhail A. Lone

Microplastics (MPs) are recognized as pervasive contaminants in terrestrial ecosystems, but their sources, transport pathways, degradation behavior, and environmental implications in high-altitude Himalayan agricultural soils remain poorly understood. The Himalayan region, characterized by steep geomorphic gradients, terraced cultivation, dynamic cryospheric processes, and highly variable hydroclimatic regimes, constitutes a unique environmental setting where Microplastic (MP) behavior markedly diverges from lowland agroecosystems. This review synthesizes global evidence on MP contamination across agricultural inputs, hydrological pathways, atmospheric deposition, organic amendments, and waste streams, and systematically contextualizes these processes within the distinct geomorphic, cryo-hydrological, and socioecological features of the Himalaya. The objectives of this study are to: (i) identify dominant MP sources contributing to contamination in mountain agroecosystems, including agricultural plastics, irrigation water, atmospheric fallout, and mismanaged rural waste; (ii) evaluate the mechanisms controlling MP transport, degradation, redistribution, and interactions with soil physicochemical and biological properties; and (iii) highlight major knowledge gaps while proposing a region-specific Microplastic Vulnerability Framework (MPVF) for assessing site-level susceptibility to MP accumulation. Our analysis demonstrates that steep slopes, intensive monsoon-driven runoff, freeze-thaw cycling, snowmelt pulses, terraced field architecture, and inadequate waste management infrastructure collectively shape the fate, mobility, and residence time of MPs in Himalayan soils. MPs frequently alter soil structure, microbial activity, nutrient cycling, and the mobility of co-contaminants, thereby posing long-term risks to soil health, crop productivity, and food security in mountain communities. The study suggests the need for standardized sampling and extraction protocols, the development of mountain-specific analytical workflows, catchment-scale flux assessments, and long-term in-situ monitoring to quantify seasonal MP transport and accumulation. By integrating global insights with the distinct that govern MP behavior in Himalayan landscapes, this review provides the comprehensive synthesis tailored to high-altitude agroecosystems and advances a practical MPVF to guide future monitoring, risk assessment, and sustainable plastic governance in mountain environments.

微塑料（MPs）被认为是陆地生态系统中普遍存在的污染物，但它们的来源、运输途径、降解行为以及对高海拔喜马拉雅农业土壤的环境影响仍知之甚少。喜马拉雅地区以陡峭的地貌梯度、梯田栽培、动态冰冻圈过程和高度多变的水文气候制度为特征，构成了一个独特的环境背景，在这里，微塑料（MP）的行为明显不同于低地农业生态系统。本综述综合了全球范围内农业投入、水文途径、大气沉降、有机修正和废物流中多氯甲烷污染的证据，并系统地将这些过程置于喜马拉雅地区独特的地貌、低温水文和社会生态特征中。本研究的目的是：(i)确定造成山区农业生态系统污染的主要多聚物来源，包括农用塑料、灌溉水、大气沉降物和管理不善的农村废物；（ii）评估控制多聚物迁移、降解、再分配以及与土壤物理化学和生物特性相互作用的机制；（iii）强调主要的知识差距，同时提出一个区域特定的微塑料脆弱性框架（MPVF），用于评估地点层面对微塑料积累的易感性。我们的分析表明，陡峭的斜坡、密集的季风驱动的径流、冻融循环、融雪脉冲、梯田结构和不充分的废物管理基础设施共同塑造了喜马拉雅土壤中MPs的命运、流动性和停留时间。MPs经常改变土壤结构、微生物活动、养分循环和共污染物的流动性，从而对山区土壤健康、作物生产力和粮食安全构成长期风险。该研究表明，需要制定标准化的采样和提取方案，制定特定山区的分析工作流程，进行流域尺度的通量评估，并进行长期的现场监测，以量化季节性MP的输送和积累。通过将全球见解与喜马拉雅景观中控制塑料行为的独特性相结合，本综述提供了针对高海拔农业生态系统的综合综合，并提出了一个实用的MPVF，以指导未来山区环境中塑料的监测、风险评估和可持续治理。

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引用次数: 0

An innovative approach to visualizing heavy metal pollution risk in chernozem soils: Leveraging the fuzzy logic algorithm 黑钙土重金属污染风险可视化的创新方法：利用模糊逻辑算法

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100970

Guohao Xie , Yang Yang , Yao Zhang , Tian Zhang , Weiping Chen

Accurate control of soil heavy-metal (HM) contamination requires source identification that remains reliable under spatial heterogeneity. This study integrates fuzzy classification with positive matrix factorization (FC–PMF) to visualize continuous membership fields and quantify probabilistic source contributions. Cadmium (Cd) was apportioned primarily to agricultural inputs (66.3%) with a secondary atmospheric component (33.7%); membership surfaces resolved fertilizer-linked Cd hotspots in long-term intensively cultivated fields where Cd exceeded 0.16 mg kg⁻¹. The Impact Index of Comprehensive soil Quality (IICQ) classified 75.0%, 19.8%, and 5.2% of units as uncontaminated, slightly contaminated, and moderately contaminated, respectively. For human health risk, a Cd hazard index (HI_Cd)—aggregating ingestion, dermal, and inhalation pathways as a comparative indicator—co-located with agricultural memberships, with ingestion contributing most. Joint IICQ–HI_Cd overlays on the membership canvas highlighted risk clusters where multiple drivers co-act, particularly fertilizer-linked zones. The framework explicitly mitigates uncertainties arising from overlapping source profiles and localized hotspots, which can blur signals in PMF-only or thresholded maps, and it provides a consistent canvas to overlay ecological and health metrics for risk zoning. By coupling chemically interpretable factors with graded memberships, FC–PMF yields policy-ready maps that sharpen hotspot detection, clarify process co-occurrence, and support targeted remediation in intensively managed chernozem agroecosystems.

土壤重金属污染的准确控制需要在空间异质性下保持可靠的污染源识别。该研究将模糊分类与正矩阵分解（FC-PMF）相结合，实现连续隶属域的可视化和概率源贡献的量化。镉（Cd）主要分配给农业投入物（66.3%），其次是大气成分（33.7%）；成员表解决了长期精耕细作的农田中与肥料相关的镉热点问题，那里的镉超过0.16 mg kg毒血症。土壤综合质量影响指数（IICQ）将75.0%、19.8%和5.2%的单位划分为未污染、轻度污染和中度污染。就人类健康风险而言，镉危害指数（HICd）——综合摄入、皮肤和吸入途径作为比较指标——与农业成员共同定位，其中摄入贡献最大。IICQ-HICd在成员画布上的联合覆盖突出了多个驱动因素共同作用的风险集群，特别是与肥料相关的区域。该框架明确减轻了由重叠的源剖面和局部热点引起的不确定性，这些不确定性可能会模糊仅pmf或阈值图中的信号，并且它为覆盖生态和健康指标提供了一致的画布，用于风险分区。通过将化学可解释因子与分级隶属度相结合，FC-PMF生成了便于制定政策的地图，这些地图可以加强热点检测，阐明过程共发生，并支持在集约管理的黑钙土农业生态系统中进行有针对性的修复。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the co-occurrence patterns and geochemical evolution pathways of complex geogenic groundwater contamination: A case study of the Ganjiang River Delta 复杂地源性地下水污染共生模式与地球化学演化路径——以赣江三角洲为例

IF 7.7 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of hazardous materials advances

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100973

Jingwen Zhang , Yongming Wu , Zhangjun Liu , Yajun Liu , Mi Deng , Xiangming Liu , Rongfu Li , Zeyong Chi

The study investigates the complex mixture of geogenic contaminants (GCs) in the groundwater of the Ganjiang River Delta via hydrochemical, isotopic, and multivariate statistical methods, focusing on their co-occurrence patterns and evolutionary mechanisms. Fe, Mn, As, NH₄⁺-N, S(II), I, and P were identified as the main GCs, with strong correlations observed between Mn and I, whereas Fe, P, As, and NH₄⁺-N were closely associated. Under weakly reducing conditions, the reductive dissolution of I-bearing Mn(IV)-oxides caused the co-occurrence of I and Mn. As the reducing environment intensifies, the evolution of GCs diverged into two geochemical pathways based on organic matter (OM) availability. In organic-rich areas, the reductive dissolution of As-bearing Fe(III)-oxides coupled with As(V) reduction led to moderate concentrations of Fe and As. Subsequently, the consumption of labile OM triggered Mn(II)-dependent autotrophic denitrification (AuDen), which lowered Mn and I concentrations in a strongly reducing environment. In contrast, in organic-poor areas, the reductive dissolution of Fe(III)-oxides induced by iron ammonium oxidation, along with secondary As(V) adsorption, caused the decoupling of As and Fe. This was followed by Fe(II)-dependent AuDen, which decreased Fe and related GCs concentrations in a strongly reducing environment. Under deeply reducing conditions, both pathways were dominated by the crystalline Fe(III)-oxides-mediated degradation of refractory OM, leading to the co-release of GCs. This study highlights the controlling roles of redox conditions and OM in the formation and evolution of complex geogenic contaminated groundwater (CGCG). Our results also suggest that enhancing AuDen may be a promising in-situ remediation strategy for CGCG.

运用水化学、同位素和多元统计等方法，研究了赣江三角洲地下水中复杂的地质污染物混合物，重点探讨了它们的共生模式和演化机制。主要gc为Fe、Mn、As、NH4+-N、S（II）、I和P，其中Mn和I相关性较强，Fe、P、As和NH4+-N相关性较强。在弱还原条件下，含I Mn（IV）氧化物的还原性溶解导致I和Mn共存。随着还原环境的加剧，gc的演化以有机质（OM）有效性为基础，分化为两条地球化学路径。在富有机质地区，含As的Fe（III）氧化物的还原性溶解加上As(V)的还原导致了中等浓度的Fe和As。随后，不稳定OM的消耗触发了Mn（II）依赖性自养反硝化（AuDen），在强还原环境中降低了Mn和I的浓度。相比之下，在有机贫乏地区，铁铵氧化诱导Fe(III)-氧化物的还原性溶解以及As(V)的二次吸附导致了As和Fe的解耦。其次是Fe（II）依赖性AuDen，在强还原环境中降低了Fe和相关GCs浓度。在深度还原条件下，这两种途径都以晶体Fe（III）氧化物介导的难降解OM降解为主，导致gc的共释放。本研究强调了氧化还原条件和有机质在复杂地源污染地下水（CGCG）形成和演化中的控制作用。我们的研究结果还表明，增强AuDen可能是一种有前途的原位修复CGCG的策略。

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引用次数: 0